LIBRARY 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 


OF" 


Class 


OFFICIAL    MANUAL 


OF    THE 


World's  Columbian  Commission 


CONTAINING 


THE  MINUTES  AND  OTHER  OFFICIAL  DATA  OF  THE   COMMISSION  FROM 

THE  DATE  OF  ITS  ORGANIZATION,  JUNE  26,  1890,  TO  THE  CLOSE 

OF  ITS    THIRD  SESSION,    NOVEMBER  26,   1890,  INCLUDING 

INFORMATION   IN   REFERENCE   TO   THE   CHICAGO 

DIRECTORY  OF  THE  WORLD'S  COLUM- 

BIAN EXPOSITION,  ETC. 


CHICAGO: 
RAND,  McNALLY  &  COMPANY. 

1890. 


OFFICIAL    MANUAL 


OF    THE 


World's  Columbian  Commission 


CONTAINING 


THE  MINUTES  AND  OTHER  OFFICIAL  DATA  OF  THE   COMMISSION   FROM 
THE  DATE  OF  ITS  ORGANIZATION,  JUNE  26,   1890,  TO  THE  CLOSE 
OF  ITS    THIRD  SESSION,    NOVEMBER  26,    1890,  INCLUDING 
INFORMATION    IN    REFERENCE    TO    THE    CHICAGO 
DIRECTORY  OF  THE  WORLD'S  COLUM- 
BIAN EXPOSITION,  ETC. 


CHICAGO: 
RAND,  McNALLY  &  COMPANY. 

1890. 


b 


INDEX. 


PAGE. 

ACT  OF  CONGRESS  CREATING  WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN  COMMISSION 359 

ALPHABETICAL   LIST  OF  COMMISSIONERS,  WITH  COMMITTEES  TO  WHICH   THEY 

HAVE   BEEN   ASSIGNED 335 

ALTERNATE  COMMISSIONERS — 

Duties  and  powers  of;    Mr.  Hodges'  resolution  referred 29 

Duties  and  powers  of;    Mr.  Waller's  resolution  adopted 49 

Decision  of  First  Comptroller  of  Treasury  as  to  expenses  and  per  diem  of  ...  60 

To  serve  on  Executive  Committee  in  absence  of  principals 97 

To  serve  on  all  committees  in  absence  of  principals 104 

AUDITING  COMMITTEE — 

Report  of 223 

Adopted 264 

Duties  of 250 

Supplementary  report  adopted 307 

AWARDS,  SUB-COMMITTEE  ox- 
Report  of ." 250 

Adopted 266 

Supplementary  report , 265 

BOARD  OF  CONTROL  AND  MANAGEMENT  OF  THE   UNITED    STATES  GOVERNMENT 

EXHIBIT 357 

BOARD  OF   LADY    MANAGERS 349 

BOARD  OF  REFERENCE  AND  CONTROI 334 

BY-LAWS  OF  THE  COMMISSION 319 

CHAIRMAN,  TEMPORARY — 

Nomination  and  election  of 5 

CHICAGO  DIRECTORY — 

(See  World's  Columbian  Exposition  Directory). 

CEREMONIES — 

Report  of  Committee  on 167,  254 

CLASSIFICATION — 

Committee  on  created 109 

System  of,  Prof.  G.  Brown  Goode 77 

Suggestions  of  Robert  P.  Porter 77 

Suggestions  of  Prof.  Thomas  Wilson 77 

Report  of  Committee  on 183 

Adopted 221 

i 

,  -  * 


ii  Index. 

COMMISSION —  PAGE. 

Expenses  of;  detailed  report  of  Secretary 184 

Powers  and  duties  of;  report  of  Select  Committee  on 241 

Adopted 244 

Powers  and  duties  of;  report  of  Joint  Conference  Committee  on 274 

Adopted ... 277 

No  member  to  hold  salaried  office  or  draw  other  pay  than  expenses  and  sub- 
sistence.    (See  By-Laws,  Article  Eighteenth) 3°° 

COMMITTEES   OF  THE   LOCAL   DIRECTORY 366 

COUNCIL  CHAMBER — 

Commission  meets  in 85 

Thanks  for  use  of 86 

CREDENTIALS — 

State  Department  roll  adopted 6 

DEPARTMENTS,  EXECUTIVE — 

Organization  of i?9 

Report  of  Judiciary  Committee  on 293 

Fixed  by  By-Laws.     (See  Article  Tenth.) 294 

DEPEW,  C.  M.,  COMMISSIONER — 

Telegram  of  Commission  to 31 

DIRECTOR-GENERAL— 

Duties  and  powers,  resolutions  and  debate  on.     (See  By- Laws) 16,  23,   24 

Mr.  Bromberg's  vote  on .  .    . 23 

Mr.  Groner's  resolution  regarding  nomination  and  election  of 86 

Mr.  Way's  resolution  regarding  same 96 

Mr.  Widener's  resolution  regarding  same 100 

Recommendation  of  Col.  Geo.  R.  Davis  by  the  Chicago  Directory 104 

Endorsed  by  the  Executive  Committee 104 

Minority  report  on 105 

Debate  on , 113 

Election  of  Col.   Geo.    R.  Davis  as  Director-General 119,  120 

Thanks  of  Chicago  Directory  for 123 

Report  of,  to  Executive  Committee , 161 

Appointments  by 165 

State  Organization,  suggestive  plan  for 180 

EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE — 

Powers  of 89 

Alternates  to  serve  on 97 

Vice-Chairman  of,  and  salary 133 

By-Law  adopted  providing  for  same 139 

J.   A.  McKenzie  elected  Vice-Chairman 140 

Report  of  (third  session) 153 

By-Laws  of 160 

Report  amended  and  adopted 263 

Report  on  powers  and  duties  of  Board  of   Lady  Managers 287 

Minority  report  (Mr.   Williams) ...  289 

Referred  to  Finance  Committee 289 

EXPENSES  OF  COMMISSION — 

Detailed  report  of  Secretary 184 

FINANCE  COMMITTEE — 

Report  on  pay  of  Lady  Managers*  and  salary  of  their  Secretary 303 

Amended  and  adopted 305 


Index.  iii 

FOREIGN  AFFAIRS  COMMITTEE —  PAGE. 

Expenses  of 202 

Report  of ....  203 

Appropriation  of  $20,000  for 208 

Report  of  adopted 239 

Report  on  Spanish  American  Bureau. 267 

Accepted  and  referred 273 

FORESTRY  AND  LUMBER,  COMMITTEE  ON — 

Created 50 

GROUNDS  AND  BUILDINGS,  COMMITTEE  ON — 

Constituted  (and  see  By-Laws) ,. 146 

Report  of 209 

Debate 228 

Adoption 230 

Submits  plans  and  specifications  of  proposed  buildings 279 

Accepted 306 

HAMPTON  ROADS — 

Naval  rendezvous  in 29 

Resolutions  of  Norfolk,  Va. ,  Chamber  of  Commerce 34 

HEADQUARTERS — 

Committee  on  Permanent  created 10 

Report  of    52 

JUDICIARY,  RULES,  AND  BY-LAWS,  COMMITTEE  ON — 

Report  of,  on  rights,  duties,  and  powers  71 

Debate  on 85 

On  Rules  of  Order,  etc 79 

On  By  Laws 89 

On  Lady  Managers 97 

On  salaries  of  officers,  and  letter  of  the  Secretary  of  Treasury 256 

Unanimously  adopted 259 

Report  of  amending  By-Laws  to  conform  to  joint  conference  report 293 

Adopted 303 

LADY  MANAGERS,  BOARD  OF— 

List  of 349 

Report  on 17,  171 

Constitution  of 28 

Pay  of;  resolution  of  Mr.  Strong 31 

Commissions  for 32 

Powers  and  duties  of;  report  of  Sub-Committee  of  Permanent  Organization  on:  75 

Powers  and  duties  of;  report  of  Executive  Committee 287 

Resolutions  of  regarding  Chief  of  Department  of  Fine  Arts. 264 

Pay  of  and  salary  of  Secretary 305 

Supplies,  printing,  etc. ;  allowance  for 306 

Officers  of 348 

LEGISLATION,  COMMITTEE  ON — 

Constitution  of 94 

Duties  of,  and  payment  of  expenses 308 

LIST   OF   OFFICERS,    COMMISSIONERS,    AND   ALTERNATES 341 

LIST   OF   STANDING  COMMITTEES   AND   THEIR   OFFICERS 329 

LIST  OF  LADY  MANAGERS  AND  ALTERNATES 349 


iv  Index. 

LOCAL  DIRECTORY —  PAGE. 

(See  World's  Columbian  Exposition  Directory.) 

MANUFACTURES,  COMMITTEE  ON — 

Report  of ,• 236 

MINING  EXHIBIT — 

Underground,  proposition  for 47,  178 

Report  of  Sub-Committee  on 76 

MINUTES,  OFFICIAL — 

Ordered  printed  daily ...  1 8 

And  delivered  to  members  at  or  before  7  a.  m 123 

MINUTES  OF  FIRST  SESSION 5 

MINUTES  OF  SECOND  SESSION 55 

MINUTES  OF  THIRD  SESSION 151 

OFFICERS,  PERMANENT — 

Report  on  and  election  of 10,  u,  12 

Salaries  of,  referred  to  Judiciary  Committee 87 

Debate  on 95 

OFFICIAL  DIRECTORY  OF  THE  COMMISSION — 

Ordered  printed 28 

OFFICIAL  MANUAL  OF  THE  COMMISSION — 

Ordered  to  be  printed 96 

ORDER  OF  BUSINESS 311 

ORGANIZATION  OF  COMMISSION — 

Notification  to  Chicago  Board 19 

PENALTY  ENVELOPE — 

Privilege  of  using  requested  by  resolution  of  Mr.  Clagett 262 

PERMANENT  ORGANIZATION — 

Appointment  of  Committee  on , 10 

Committee's  first  report  of,  on  officers n 

Report  on  Vice-Presidents,   Director-General,  and  Standing  Committees.  ...  15,  16 

On  Lady   Managers 17,  22 

Additional  report  on  Committees 33,  41 

To  print  1,000  copies  of  report 42 

Sub-Committee  of,  appointment  and  meeting 48 

Report  of,  at  second  session •. 63 

On  officers  and  committees 67 

Committee  discharged 84 

"  Pine  Palace,"  resolution  of  Mr.  Bromberg  proposing 132 

POWERS  AND  DUTIES  OF  COMMISSION  AND  CHICAGO  DIRECTORY — 

Joint  Conference  Committee  on  constituted 244 

Report  of   274 

Adopted.  .    277 

PRESIDENT  OF  THE  COMMISSION — 

Election  of  Thomas  W.  Palmer,  and  address 1 1 

Member  of  Executive  Committee,  ex  officio 31 

Address  at  opening  of  third  session 152 

PRESIDENT  OF  THE  UNITED  STATES — 

Notice  to,  that  the.  Commission  was  organized     18 


Index.  v 

• 

PRINTING,  COMMITTEE  ON —  PAGE. 

Report  of 237 

QUEEN  ISABELLA  SOCIETY  — 

Communication  from 40 

Communication    from   47 

RULES  OF   ORDER   AND    PROCEDURE 313 

SALARIES  OF  OFFICERS.  (See  By-Laws  n,  15) — 

Debate  on 244 

Letter  of  the  Secretary  of  Treasury  regarding  referred  to  Judiciary   Committee  244 

SEAL,  OFFICIAL — 

To  be  affixed  to  all  official  documents  and  attested  by  Secretary 277 

By-Law  adopting 277 

SECRETARY — 

Election  of 12 

Report  of,  second  session 56 

Report  approved 96 

Report  to  Executive  Committee 172 

Report  to  Commission,  on  expenses 184 

SECRETARY,  TEMPORARY — 

Nomination  and  election  of 6 

SITE  FOR  EXPOSITION — 

Resolution  of  Mr.  Bullock 20 

Visit  to  Jackson  Park 1 8 

Visit  to  Garfield  and  other  Parks 21,  2g 

Resolution  of  Mr.  Sewell 22 

Resolution  of  Mr.  Martindale  to  adopt. .  .      39 

Debate  on *. 42,43 

Resolution  of  Mr.  Butt  to  reject  ....    43 

Lost 45 

Opinion  of  South  Park  Commissioners  and  Engineers 44 

First  vote  on ;  ayes  and  noes   45 

Resolution  of  Chicago  Board,  September  gth 58 

Resolution  of  Mr.  Mercer  for  a  single  site 101 

Debate  and  action  on;  ayes  and  noes 101,  102 

Report  of  Chicago  Directory  on,  and  documents  relating  thereto 113 

Referred 119 

Made  special  order  (ayes  and  noes) 130 

Resolutions  of  Chicago  Directory  and  South  Park  Commissioners.  .    135 

Report  of  Select  Conference  Committee  adopted 137,  138 

Washington  Park  and  Midway  Plaisance  approved 146 

STANDING  COMMITTEES — 

List  and  members  of 329 

Report  on  powers  and  duties 16 

Debate  on   -. 24,  25,  26,  27 

Announcement  of  appointments 105 

To  establish  headquarters,  etc 113 

Expenditures  by,  etc 127 

Directed  to  confer  with  Committees  of  Chicago  Directory  on  cognate  subjects.  146 

STATES'  ASSOCIATION — 

Banquet  of 13 

Resolutions  on 19 


vi  Index. 

m 

STENOGRAPHIC  REPORT  OK  PROCEEDINGS  OF  COMMISSION —  PAGE. 

Dispensed  with 40 

Ordered  made 77 

STEVENSON,  GOVERNOR  C.  C. — 

Resolutions  on  death  of 132 

SUNDAY  CLOSING — 

Resolution  by  Mr.  Strong 144 

Referred  to  Executive  Committee 145 

Report  of  Secretary  on  letters  regarding. ...    309 

Instructions  of  Commission 310 

TARIFFS  AND  TRANSPORTATION  COMMITTEE — 

Report  of 269 

THE   ACT   OF   CONGRESS   CREATING   THE   COMMISSION,  ETC 359 

THE   ORDER   OF   BUSINESS 311 

TITLES  AND  LOCAL  FACILITIES,  COMMITTEE  ON — 

Created 45 

Preliminary  report 96 

Report  on  proposed  sites 1 24 

Adopted 127 

TRAFFIC  MANAGER — 

Appointment  of  E.  E.  Jaycox 165 

Correspondence  regarding 189 

TREASURY  DEPARTMENT,  DECISIONS  OF — 

Case  of  E.  M.  Smith 57,   59 

On  pay  and  subsistence  of  Alternate  Commissioners 60,  62 

WORLD'S   COLUMBIAN   EXPOSITION    DIRECTORY 365 

By-Laws  of 367 

Financial  condition  of 290 

Resolution  of  Mr.  Bromberg 2o 

Report  of  Committee  on 36 

Committee  of,  to  explain  site 43 

Resolution  of  Mr.  Brainard 49 

Approving  its  work 138 

Special  Committee  on  Finances  of 290 

Members 365 

Standing  Committees  of 366 


OFFICIAL    MINUTES 


OF       THE 


World's  Columbian  Commission 


First  Session— First  Day,  Thursday,  June  26, 1890. 

The  World's  Columbian  Commission  was  called  to  order  this  day  in  ri.rst  .Meet- 
the  City  of  Chicago,  at  12  o'clock  noon,  by  Commissioner  Adlai  T.  Ewing,  26?i89b.un€ 
of  Illinois,  at  the  request  of  the  Department  of  State. 

Prayer  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  John  H.  Barrows,  of  Chicago. 

Mr.  Deere,  of  Illinois,  nominated  Mr.  Harris,  of  Virginia,  as  Temporary  Temporary 

J      officers 

Chairman. 

Mr.  Cochran,  of  Texas,  seconded  the  nomination. 

Mr.  Harris  was  unanimously  elected  Temporary  Chairman,  and  on 
assuming  the  chair,  made  the  following  address: 

GENTLEMEN    OF    THE    COMMISSION:     By   authority   of    the   Act   ofAgJJgj**^ 
Congress,    approved    April    25,    1890,    and    the    subsequent    act    of    the  Chairman- 
Secretary  of  the  United  States,  you  assemble  here  to-day  to  organize 
the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  for  the  purpose  of  celebrating  the 
4ooth  anniversary  of  that  unparalleled  historic  event — the  discovery  of 
America  in  the  year  1492. 

Prior  thereto,  America,  which  now  shows  the  world  the  way  to 
human  enlightenment  and  human  liberty,  was  unknown  to  civilization. 
For  centuries  the  people  of  the  Old  World  had  labored  in  the  formation 
of  governments,  the  establishment  of  kingdoms,  the  creation  of  thrones, 
and  the  cultivation  of  the  arts  and  sciences,  not  knowing,  not  dreaming 
that  toward  the  setting  sun  there  was  a  world— the  balance  power  and 
equilibrium  of  the  universe. 

It  was  for  the  Italian,  Christopher  Columbus,  to  discover  and  the 
Anglo-Saxon  to  develop  the  new  land,  and  in  the  brief  space  of  400 


6  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Fiion-Firat  years  to  make  America  the  greatest,  the  wisest,  and  the  best  on  earth. 
Day>  [Applause.]  Then  it  is  befitting  that  the  great  event,  which  under  the 
providence  of  God  has  been  of  such  transcendent  good  to  mankind, 
should  be  duly  solemnized  and  celebrated  by  a  grateful  people.  It  was 
befitting  that  the  United  States  should  inaugurate  the  movement.  It  was 
befitting  that  the  infant  city  by  the  lake  should  be  the  place — befitting 
because  her  phenomenal  growth,  the  result  of  the  energy  and  the  brain 
of  her  people,  is  typical  of  the  growth  of  this  great  country.  Its  found- 
ers have  lived  to  see  it  the  third  city  among  English-speaking  people. 
Neither  storm,  nor  tempest,  nor  fire,  nor  sword  could  retard  her  progress. 
Her  motto  has  been,  "  Never  despair;"  but  onward  and  upward  has  been 
her  course,  until  to-day  the  world's  history  presents  no  rival — no  parallel. 
[Applause.] 

With  such  people  as  these  this  Commission  are  to  join  hands  to 
make  the  coming  celebration  worthy  of  the  thought  that  conceived  it, 
of  the  magnitude  of  the  event  it  celebrates,  and  to  make  it  like  the  city 
in  which  it  is  held,  without  an  equal  now  or  for  a  century  to  come. 

Gentlemen  of  the  Commission,  we  must  steadily  bear  in  mind  that 
while  we  are  at  the  helm  directing  the  course  of  the  ship  the  people  of 
Chicago  are  at  the  oars — that  they  are  the  motive  power,  and  that  to 
succeed  perfect  harmony  of  thought  and  action  must  be  our  guiding  star. 
Let  no  thought  of  section,  party,  or  self  be  your  governing  motive,  but 
let  us  all  with  one  heart  join  hands  with  the  local  authorities  with  a  firm, 
determined,  and  inflexible  purpose,  by  the  help  of  God,  make  this,  the 
coming  celebration,  the  greatest  of  modern  times.  [Long  applause.] 

Mr.  Price,  of  Kansas,  was  unanimously  elected  Temporary  Secretary. 
On  motion  of  Mr.  Martin,  of  Nebraska,  Messrs.  W.  E.  Curtis  and  H. 
Howe,  of  the  State  Department,  were  made  assistant  secretaries. 

Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  moved  that  the  roll  of  Commissioners 
be  called,  as  furnished  by  the  gentlemen  representing  the  Department  of 
State,  and  that  said  roll  be  regarded  as  the  authentic  and  official  roll  of 
the  members  of  this  Commission. 

The  motion  was  carried. 

Roii-caii.  The  call  of  the  roll  was  then  proceeded  with,  the  following  Commis- 

sioners responding  as  present: 
commis-  ALABAMA — Oscar  R.  Hundley,  Fred.  G.  Bromberg;    G.  L.  Werth, 

sioners  and 

alternates    olfprrmrp 

present  at  alternate. 

ing.  ARKANSAS — John    D.    Adams,    Lafayette    Gregg;    T.    H.    Leslie, 

alternate. 

CALIFORNIA — M   H.  de  Young,  William  Forsyth. 

COLORADO— Fred  J.  V.  Skiff,  Roswell  E.  Goodell. 

CONNECTICUT — Leverett  Brainard,  Thomas  M,  Waller. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  7 

DELAWARE — Willard  Hall  Porter,  George  V.  Massey.  First  ses- 

J  sion-First 

FLORIDA— Richard  Turnbull,  Joseph  Hirst. 

GEORGIA — Charlton  H.  Way,  Lafayette  McLaws. 

ILLINOIS — Charles  H.  Deere,  Adlai  T.  Ewing;  L.  Funk,  alternate. 

INDIANA — Elijah  B.  Martindale,  Thomas  E.  Garvin;  W.  E.  McLean, 
alternate. 

IOWA — W.  I.  Buchanan,  William  F.  King. 

KANSAS— Reese  R.  Price,  Charles  K.  Holliday,  Jr. 

KENTUCKY — John  Bennett,  James  A.  McKenzie;  D.  N.  Comingore, 
alternate. 

LOUISIANA — Davidson  B.  Penn,  Thomas  J.  Woodward. 

MAINE — Augustus  R.  Bixby,  William  J.  Davis. 

MARYLAND — James  Hodges. 

MASSACHUSETTS — Francis  W.  Breed,  Thomas  E.  Proctor.  „ 

MICHIGAN — M.  Henry  Lane,  Charles  H.  Richmond;  Geo.  H.  Bar- 
"bour,  alternate. 

MINNESOTA — M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V.  Tousley. 

MISSISSIPPI — Robert  L.  Saunders,  Joseph  M.  Bynum. 

MISSOURI— C.  H.  Jones,  T.  B.  Bullene. 

MONTANA — Lewis  H.  Hershfield,  A.  H..  Mitchell. 

NEBRASKA — Albert  G.  Scott,  Euclid  Martin;  John  Lauterbach, 
alternate. 

NEVADA — James  W.  Haines,  George  Russell. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE — Charles  D.  McDuffie. 

NEW  JERSEY — Thomas  Smith,  William  J.  Sewell. 

NEW  YORK — John  Boyd  Thacher. 

NORTH  CAROLINA — A.  B.  Andrews,  Thomas  B.  Keogh. 

NORTH  DAKOTA — Hamline  P.  Rucker,  Martin  Ryan;  Chas.  H.  Stan- 
ley, alternate. 

OHIO — William  Ritchie,  Harvey  P.  Platt. 

OREGON — Henry  Klippel,  M.  Wilkins. 

PENNSYLVANIA — William  McClelland. 

RHODE  ISLAND — Lyman  B.  Goff,  Gardiner  C.  Sims. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA — J.  C.  Coit. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA — William  Mclntyre,  M.  H.  Day. 

TENNESSEE — Thomas  L.  Williams,  L.  T.  Baxter;  A.  B.  Hurt,  alter- 
nate. 

TEXAS — John  T.  Dickinson,  Archelaus  M.  Cochran. 

VERMONT — H.  Henry  Mclntyre,  Bradley  B.  Smalley. 


8  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Flion-Fi~rst         VIRGINIA— John  T.  Harris. 

Day. 

WASHINGTON — Charles  B.  Hopkins,  Henry  Drum. 

WEST  VIRGINIA— J.  W.  St.  Clair,  James  D.  Butt. 

WISCONSIN — Philip  Allen,  Jr.,  John  L.  Mitchell. 

ARIZONA — George  F.  Coats,  William  Zeckendorf;  H.  H.  Logan, 
alternate. 

DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA — Alexander  T.  Britton,  Albert  A.  Wilson. 

IDAHO — George  A.  Manning. 

OKLAHOMA — J.  D.  Miles,  Othniel  Beeson. 

NEW  MEXICO — Richard  Mansfield  White,  Thomas  C.  Gutierres. 

UTAH — Patrick  H.  Lannan. 

WYOMING — Asahel  C.  Beckwith,  Henry  G.  Hay;  A.  S.  Mercer, 
alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE — Augustus  H.  Bullock,  of  Massachusetts; 
Thomas  WT.  Palmer,  of  Michigan;  Richard  C.  Kerens,  of  Missouri; 
Peter  A.  B.  Widener,  of  Pennsylvania;  Henry  Exall,  of  Texas;  Mark  L. 
McDonald,  of  California;  Wm.  Lindsay,  of  Kentucky;  Gorton  W.  Allen, 
of  New  York. 

The  following  alternates  responded,  upon  the  roll-call  of  their 
respective  States,  in  the  absence  of  their  principals: 

NEW  YORK — James  H.  Breslin. 

PENNSYLVANIA — John  K.  Hallock. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA — E.  L.  Roche. 

VIRGINIA — Charles  A.  Heermans. 

UTAH — William  M.  Ferry. 

At  the  call  of  Mr.  Woodward,  Mr.  Penn,  of  Louisiana,  stated  that 
Mr.  Woodward  expected  to  arrive  this  morning,  but  owing  to  the  delay 
of  trains  on  the  railroad,  he  was  unable  to  be  here. 

On  the  call  of  South  Carolina,  the  name  of  Mr.  Butler  was  called, 
and  he  being  absent,  the  name  of  Mr.  E.  L.  Roche,  his  alternate,  was 
called,  and  he  responded. 

Mr.  Kiesel,  of  Utah,  being  absent,  his  alternate,  Mr.  Ferry,  who  was 
present,  answered  in  his  stead,  and  his  name  was  placed  on  the  roll. 

A  telegram  was  received  and  read  stating  that  Mr.  Exall,  one  of  the 
Commissioners-at-Large,  would  arrive  this  evening. 

The  Temporary  Chairman  stated  that,  upon  the  suggestion  of  the 
gentleman  from  Kentucky  (Mr.  McKenzie)  the  appointment  of  a  Commit- 

made   offi- 

cial-         tee  on  Credentials  would  be  dispensed  with,  and  that  the  reading  of  the 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  9 

official  roll  by  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  State  shall  be  taken  as  First  ses- 
sion-First 

authentic  evidence  of  the  membership  of  the  Commission,  and  the  Chair    Day' 
holds,   unless  objection   be   made,  that  it  is  the  will  of  the  Commission 
that  the  names  called  and  entered  by  the  Secretary  be  regarded  as  the 
official  list  of  members  of  this  Commission. 

There  being  no  objection,  it  was  so  decided. 

Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  read: 

Resolved,  That  a  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization,  composed 
of  twelve,  be  appointed  by  the  Chair,  in  the  spirit  of  the  act  of  Congress, 
to  recommend  to  this  Commission  the  names  of  permanent  offices  for 
this  Commission,  to  consist  of  a  President,  Secretary,  and  as  many  Vice- 
Presidents  as  the  Committee  deem  proper,  and  define  their  duties;  and 
they  shall  further  report  what  standing  committees  should  be  appointed, 
and  the  duties  and  the  powers  of  each. 

Mr.  Hundley,  of  Alabama,  moved,  as  an  amendment,  after  the  words 
"to  be  composed  of  twelve  members,"  to  insert  the  following:  "  to  be 
composed  of  twelve,  three  from  each  of  the  four  sections  of  the  United 
States." 

The  motion  was  seconded.  After  some  discussion,  Mr.  Hundley 
withdrew  his  amendment. 

Mr.  McDonald,  of  California,  seconded  the  resolution  offered  by  Mr. 
McKenzie. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  moved  to  lay  the  resolution  upon  the 
table. 

Mr  McKenzie  moved  to  strike  out  the  word  "  President "  from  the 
resolution. 

After  considerable  discussion,  the  resolution,  with  motions  referring 
thereto,  was  withdrawn,  and  the  following  was  offered  in  lieu  thereof: 

Resolved,  That  a  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization,  consisting  of  c^8eIf*J  of 
twelve,  be  appointed  by  the  Chair  in  the  spirit  of  the  act  of   Congress,  to    members* 
recommend  a  list  of  permanent  offices  necessary  to  the  proper  conduct  of 
this  Commission,  and  to  define   the  duties  pertaining  to  the  same;  and  they 
shall  further  report  what  standing  committees  should  be  appointed,  and 
the  duties  and  powers  of  each. 

Mr,  Britton,  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  moved  to  amend  the  resolu- 
sion  by  inserting  after  the  word  "  offices  "  the  words  "and  officers,"  and 
also  to  add  to  the  latter  part  of  the  resolution  the  words,  "to  report  also  a 
plan  and  scope  of  this  Exposition. 


10  World}  s  Columbian  Commission. 

First  ses-  These  amendments  were,  after  discussion,  laid  upon  the  table. 

non— First 

The   question   recurring   upon  the   resolution,    it  was  unanimously- 
Adopted,     adopted. 
Members  of          The  Chair  appointed,  as  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization,. 

the  Com- 

pe™°ent  Messrs.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky;  Ewing,  of  Illinois;  McDonald,  of  Call- 

Organiza- 
tion,         fornia;  Smalley,  of  Vermont;  Cochran,  of  Texas;    Kerens,   of    Missouri; 

Widener,  of  Pennsylvania;  Goodell,  of  Colorado;  Breslin,  of  New  York; 
Martindale,   of   Indiana;    Harrison,    of    Minnesota;    Keogh,    of    North 
Carolina. 
TsTrg°e3  On  motion  of  Mr.  Kerens,  Lieutenant-Colonel  H.  C.  Corbin,  U.  S.  A., 

at-Arms. 

was  requested  to  act  as  Sergeant-at-Arms  until  the  permanent  organization 
was  effected. 

C?onTecure  ^n    niotion  of  Mr.  Goodell,  the   Chair   was    instructed  to  appoint  a 

the  com-  committee  of  three  to  inquire  and  report  to  the  Commission  recommend- 

misslon. 

ing  suitable  rooms  for  its  use.     Messrs.  Goodell,  of  Colorado;    Deere,  of 
Illinois,  and  Way,  of  Georgia,  were  appointed. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned   to  meet  Friday,  June  27,  1890,  at. 
10  o'clock  a.  m. 


First  Session — Second  Day,  Friday,  June  27,  1890. 

First  ses-  The  Commission   met   pursuant   to   adjournment,  with    Temporary 

second      Chairman  Harris,  of  Virginia,  in  the  chair. 

The  Chairman  decided  that  a  quorum  was  present,  and  stated  that, 
on  account  of  the  heat,  the  roll-call  would  be  dispensed  with,  if  there  was 
no  objection.  There  being  none,  it  was  so  ordered. 

On  motion,  the  reading  of  the  minutes  was  dispensed  with,  and  the 
Chairman    announced    that   the    first   business   before   the    Commission 
would  be  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization. 
Report  of  Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Perma- 

the  Com- 

perman0ent  nent  Organization,  submitted  the  following  report: 

Organiza- 

To  the  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

officers.  It  is  the  sense  of  our  Committee  that  the  Commission  shall  appoint 

the  following  officers:  First,  a  President,  whose  title  shall  be  "  President 
of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission;"  second,  five  Vice-Presidents, 
who  shall  be  denominated  First,  Second,  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Vice- 
Presidents;  the  First  Vice-President  shall  be  of  opposite  politics  to  the 
President,  and  the  other  four  shall  be  divided  equally  in  politics;  third,  a 
Secretary. 


Minutes  of  ihe  First  Session.  11 

Duties  of  the  President:     The  President  shall  preside  over  all  the  President: 

his  duties, 

meetings  of  the  Commission,  and  shall  appoint  all  committees,  -unless 
otherwise  directed  by  the  Commission,  and  he  shall  have  all  the  powers 
and  authority  incident  to  the  office  of  President. 

Duties  of  the  Vice-Presidents:     In  the  absence  of   the  President,  vice-prest- 

'     dents: 

Vice-Presidents,  in  their  numerical  order,  shall  perform  the  duties  of  the    {jutiea 
President.     In  the  absence  of  all  the  Vice-Presidents,  the  Commission 
shall  appoint  a  Chairman /;-#  tern. 

Duties  of  the  'Secretary:     He  shall  keep  a  true  and  faithful  record  of  secretary: 
the  proceedings  of  this  Commission,  and  perform  such  other  acts  and 
duties  as  shall  hereafter  be  recommended  by  this  Committee  to  the  body 
of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  McKenzie  moved  the  adoption  of  the  report,  and,  on  behalf  of  the 
Committee,  asked  an  extension  of  time  as  to  the  unfinished  matters  which 
were  submitted  to  it. 

The  motion  was  seconded  by  Mr.  Bullene,  of  Missouri,  and  the  report  Eae^{ 
was  unanimously  adopted. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Widener,  of  Pennsylvania,  the  Commission  pro- 
ceeded to  the  election  of  President  of  the  Commission. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  seconded  by  Messrs. 
Widener,  of  Pennsylvania;  de  Young,  of  California;  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey;  President. 
Skiff,  of  Colorado;  Cochran,  of  Texas;  Thacher,  of  New  York;  Brainard, 
of  Connecticut;  Harrison,  of  Minnesota;  and  Rucker,  of  North  Dakota, 
Mr.  Thomas  W.  Palmer,  of  Michigan,  was  unanimously  elected  President  of 
the  Commission. 

The  Chair  appointed  Messrs. Martindale,  of  Indiana;  Lindsay,  of  Ken- 
tucky; Waller,  of  Connecticut;  and  Breslin,  of  New  York,  a  committee  tc 
escort  President-elect  Palmer  to  the  chair. 

On  assuming  the  duties  of  his  office  the  President  made  the  follow- 
ing address: 

GENTLEMEN  OF    THE   COLUMBIAN    COMMISSION:    I   am    profoundlvpresident'8 

J     address. 

grateful  for  the  compliment  that  you  have  paid  me;  and  yet,  in  accepting 
the  position,  I  am  infused  with  a  feeling  of  trepidation  as  to  what  it 
involves.  Men,  as  a  rule,  fear  the  tortures  of  the  unknown,  and  that 
general  clause  in  the  definition  of  the  duties  of  the  President  seems  to 
me  to  involve  much  more  than  we  would  suppose  at  the  first  glance.  It 
puts  a  great  deal  upon  the  President,  and  it  may  take  a  great  deal  away 
from  him.  In  either  case  he  proposes  not  to  complain.  I  have  heard  it 
said  that  where  the  throes  of  birth  were  not  extreme  in  the  delivery  of  a 
child,  the  child  was  apt  to  be  of  little  good  thereafter.  On  that  account  I 


12 


World's  Columbian  Commission. 


FSon—  esec-  re£ard  my  election  by  acclamation  as  a  poor  augury  for  my  future.  If 
ondDay.  ^gj-g  na(j  been  a  little  more  of  a  struggle,  it  might  have  given  me  a 
greater  experience  of  the  peril,  of  the  hardship  of  my  next  five  years.  In  re- 
gard to  that  distinguished  man  whose  name  has  been  proposed  in  connec- 
tion with  the  Presidency  —  that  admirable  Crichton  of  America,  that  man 
who  is  always  first  in  finance,  at  the  social  board,  on  the  rostrum,  or  in  busi- 
ness life  —  I  would  say  that  if  he  could  have  been  induced  to  accept  the 
position,  I  believe  it  would  have  given  us  greater  prestige  abroad  and  at 
home.  I  telegraphed  to  him  that  it  had  been  suggested  to  me  that  if  he 
were  willing  to  become  a  candidate,  I  would  decline  to  have  my  name 
presented;  but  the  circumstances  were  such  that  Mr.  Depew  felt  that  he 
could  not  give  it  the  time,  and,  therefore,  I  became  a  willing  sacrifice. 
The  Chair  now  awaits  the  pleasure  of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
unanimously  adopted  : 

Resolved,  That  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization  be 
instructed  and  directed  to  consider  the  matter  of  the  several  Vice-Presi- 
dents  and  other  officers  designated  by  their  report  just  presented,  and 
make  recommendation  to  the  Commission  of  suitable  nominees  for  the 
same;  and  before  determining  upon  their  recommendation,  that  they 
shall  sit  for  two  hours  to  hear  the  individual  views  and  preferences  of 
such  members  of  the  Commission  as  may  desire  to  address  them  in  that 
behalf. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Kerens,  of  Missouri,  the  Commission  proceeded  to 
the  election  of  a  permanent  Secretary. 

Jm?kTnson  Mr.  Skiff,  of  Colorado,  presented  the  name  of  Mr.  John  T.  Dickin- 

Ieec°reetary.  son,  of  Texas,  which  was  seconded  by  Mr.  Rucker,  of  North  Dakota. 

Mr.  Dickinson  was  unanimously  elected  Secretary. 

On  taking  his  place  at  the  Secretary's  desk,  Mr.  Dickinson  made  the 
following  remarks  : 

S«5retary'8  GENTLEMEN    OF    THE    WORLD'S    COLUMBIAN  COMMISSION  :    Permit  me 

to  express  to  you  my  sincere  gratitude  for  the  high  compliment  you  have 
paid  me,  and  through  me,  the  State  of  Texas,  which  I  have  the  honor,  in 
part,  to  represent  in  this  Commission,  by  electing  me  as  your  secretary. 

I  fully  realize  the  magnitude  of  the  enterprise  which  we  are  about  to 
inaugurate,  and  if  I  did  not  conscientiously  believe  that  I  could  success- 
fully perform  the  duties  of  Secretary  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commis- 
sion, with  credit  to  myself  and  to  my  State,  and  ultimately,  I  trust,  to  the 
satisfaction  of  this  Commission,  I  would  not  have  been  a  candidate  for 
the  honor. 

Having  had  considerable  practical  experience  as  secretary  and 
general  manager  of  fairs  and  expositions,  I  shall  enter  upon  the  discharge 
of  the  duties  of  this  important  office,  feeling  always  the  responsibility  of 


Minutes  of  ihe  First  Session.  13 

the  position,  and  with  the  assurance  of   your  confidence  and  support, 

I  will  endeavor  to  bring  all  the  fidelity,  intelligence,  zeal,  and  industry  I    ondDay. 

may  possess   toward   the  satisfactory   performance    of  the   varied    and 

exacting  duties  that  belong,  both   directly  and  indirectly,  to  the  office  of 

the  Secretary  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Again  thanking  you  for  the  honor  conferred  upon  me,  I  will  now 
proceed  to  enter  upon  the  discharge  of  the  duties  of  the  office.  [Ap- 
plause.] 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Widener  the  following  resolution  was  adopted  : 
Resolved,  That  a  committee  of  seven  be  appointed  to  communicate  C?™m111t0tte?y 
with  the  local  directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  of  Chicago,    ^f  5$™: 
and   notify  them   that  this  Commission   is  now   permanently   organized    fhey  cdin- 

niission  is 

and  prepared  to  receive  any  communications  they  may  have  to  submit.        orgai.ized. 

Mr.  Goodell,  of  Colorado,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Permanent 
Quarters,  asked  for  further  time  in  which  to  report,  which  was  granted. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Holliday,  of  Kansas,  an  invitation  to  the  Com- 
missioners and  their  alternates  to  attend  a  reception  at  Mr.  Potter 
Palmer's  was  formally  accepted. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Britton,  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  the  thanks 
of  the  Commission  were  extended  to  the  temporary  Chairman  and  the 
temporary  Secretary  for  the  very  able  manner  in  which  they  had  per- 
formed the  duties  devolving  upon  them. 

Mr.  King  moved  that  the  thanks  of  this  Commission  be  tendered  to  Ct0omjfonmi- 
the  States'  Association  and  the  citizens  of  Chicago  for  the  very  elegant  of   thanks 
banquet  given  the    Commission  at  the  Palmer  House.     Mr.  Williams,  of  Delation.8" 
Tennessee,  moved,  as  an   amendment,  that  the  President  of  the  Commis- 
sion appoint  a  committee    of  five  to  formulate  a  vote  of  thanks.     The 
amendment  was  accepted  by  Mr.  King,  and  the  resolution  was  unanimously 
adopted. 

The  President  appointed  the  following  gentlemen  as  a  Committee  on  M§5bcomof 
Banquet  Resolutions:     Messrs.  King,  of  Iowa;  McDonald,  of  California; 
Lindsay,  of  Kentucky;  Exall,  of  Texas;  Bullock,  of  Massachusetts. 

An  invitation  was  received  from  Mr.  Ferd.  W.  Peck  for  the  Commis- 
sioners to  attend  High  School  exercises  at  the  Auditorium,  which  was 
accepted. 

The  President  announced  that  complimentary  tickets  of  admission  to 
the  Board  of  Trade  had  been  received  and  would  be  distributed  to  the 
Commissioners  by  the  Secretary. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  until  10  o'clock  Saturday  morning, 
June  28,  1890. 


14  World?  s  Columbian  Commission. 


First  Session— Third  Day,  Saturday,  June  28,  1890. 

F8iosn-Third          The  Commission  met  at  10  o'clock  A.  M.     President  Palmer  in  the 

Day. 

chair. 

The  roll  was  called,  and  the  following  Commissioners  and   alternates 
were  present: 

Roii-caii.  .  ALABAMA_O.  R.  Hundley,  F.  G.  Bromberg;  W.  S.  Hull  and  G.  L. 

Werth,  alternates. 

ARKANSAS — John    D.    Adams,    Lafayette     Gregg;      T.    H.    Leslie, 
alternate. 

CALIFORNIA- — M.  H.  de  Young,  William  Forsyth. 

COLORADO— F.   J.   V.   Skiff,   R.   E.   Goodell;    O.   C.   French,   H.   B. 
Gillespie,  alternates. 

CONNECTICUT — T.  M.  Waller,  L.  Brainard. 

DELAWARE — W.  H.  Porter,  G.  V.  Massey. 

FLORIDA— R.  Turnbull,  J.  Hirst. 

GEORGIA — L.  McLaws,  C.  H.  Way. 

ILLINOIS — A.  T.  Ewing,  C.  H.  Deere;  L.  Funk,  alternate. 

INDIANA — E.  B.  Martindale,  T.  E.  Garvin;  W.  E.  McLean,  alternate. 

IOWA — W.  F.  King,  W.  I.  Buchanan. 

KANSAS— R  R.  Price,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr. 

KENTUCKY — J.  A.  McKenzie,  J.  Bennett;  D.  N.  Comingore,  alternate. 

LOUISIANA — D.  B.  Perm,  T.  J.  Woodward. 

MAINE — A.  R.  Bixby,  J.  G.  Davis;  C.  S.  Edwards,  alternate. 

MARYLAND — J.  Hodges. 

MASSACHUSETTS — F.  W.  Breed,  T.  E.  Proctor. 

MICHIGAN — M.   H.   Lane,   C.   H.   Richmond;    George   H.   Barbour, 
alternate. 

MINNESOTA — O.  V.  Tousley,  M.  B.  Harrison. 

MISSISSIPPI — R.  L.  Saunders,  J.  M.  Bynum. 

MISSOURI— C.  H.  Jones,  T.  B.  Bullene. 

MONTANA — L.  H.  Hershfield,  A.  H.  Mitchell. 

NEBRASKA — A.  G.  Scott,  Euclid  Martin;  John  Lauterbach,  alternate. 

NEVADA— J.  W.  Haines,  G.  Russell. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE — C.  D.  McDuffie. 

NEW  JERSEY— T.  Smith,  W.  J.  Sewell. 

NEW  YORK — J.  B.  Thacher,  James  H.  Breslin,  alternate. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  15 

NORTH  CAROLINA — A.  B.  Andrews,  T.  B.  Keogh.  First  ses- 

sion—Third 
NORTH    DAKOTA — H.    P.    Rucker,    M.    Ryan;    Chas.    H.    Stanley,  Day- 

alternate. 

OHIO — H.  P.  Platt,  W.  Ritchie. 

OREGON — H.  Klippel,  M.  Wilkins;  J.  L.  Morrow,  alternate. 

PENNSYLVANIA — W.  McClelland;  J.  K.  Hallock,  alternate. 

RHODE  ISLAND — L.  B,  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA — J.  C.  Coit;  E.  L.  Roche,  alternate. 

SOUTH  DAKOTA — W.  Mclntyre,  M.  H.  Day. 

TENNESSEE — L.  T.  Baxter,  T.  L.  Williams,  A.  B.  Hurt,  alternate. 

TEXAS — A.  M.  Cochran,  J.  T.  Dickinson. 

VERMONT — B.  B.  Smalley,  H.  H.  Mclntyre. 

VIRGINIA — J.  T.  Harris;  C.  A.  Heermans,  alternate. 

WASHINGTON — C.  B.  Hopkins,  H.  Drum. 

WEST  VIRGINIA— J.  W.  St.  Clair,  Jas.  D.  Butt. 

WISCONSIN — J.  L.  Mitchell,  P.  Allen,  Jr. 

ARIZONA — G.  F.  Coats,  W.  Zeckendorf ;  H.  H.  Logan,  alternate. 

IDAHO — G.  A.  Manning. 

NEW  MEXICO — R.  M.  White,  T.  C.  Gutierres. 

UTAH — P.  H.  Lannan;  W.  M.  Ferry,  alternate. 

WYOMING— A.  C.  Beckwith,  H.  G.  Hay. 

DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA — A.  A.  Wilson;  Dorsey  Clagett,  E.  K. 
Johnson,  alternates. 

OKLAHOMA — J.  D.  Miles,  O.  Beeson. 

COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE — A.  G.  Bullock,  o'f  Massachusetts;  R.  C. 
Kerens,  of  Missouri;  G.  W.  Allen,  of  New  York;  P.  A.  B.  Widener,  of 
Pennsylvania;  W.  Lindsay,  of  Kentucky;  T.  W.  Palmer,  of  Michigan; 
H.  Exall,  of  Texas;  M.  L.  McDonald,  of  California. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Harris,  of  Virginia,  all  reporters  and  correspond-  Kepresenta. 
ents  for  the  press  were  invited  to  seats  on  the  floor  during  the  sessions  of    the  press 

Invited  to 
the  Commission.  be  present. 

Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  as  Chairman,  submitted  the  following 
additional  report  of  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization: 


To  the  World  s  Columbian  Commission: 

rpotof 


In    accordance    with    the    resolution    of   the    Commission,    that  the  Afn 


Committee  on  Permanent  Organization,  after  a  hearing  and  a  careful 
consideration  of  the  merits  of  the  various  candidates  presented  for  Vice- 
Presidents  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  recommend  to  the 


16  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Commission  five  gentlemen  for  the  offices  of  First,  Second,  Third,  Fourth, 
and  Fifth  Vice-Presidents,  for  its  action,  we,  the  Committee,  would 
respectfully  submit  the  names  of  the  following  Commissioners:  First 

vice-presi-   Vicc-President,  Thomas  M.  Waller,  of  Connecticut;  Second  Vice-Presi- 
dents. 

dent,  M.  H.  de  Young,  of  California;  Third  Vice-President,  Davidson  B. 
Penn,  of  Louisiana;  Fourth  Vice-President,  Gorton  W.  Allen,  of  New 
York;  Fifth  Vice-President,  Alexander  B.  Andrews,  of  North  Carolina. 

Director-  It  has  been  decided  that,  for  the  more  efficient  conduct  and  manage- 

ment of  the  business  of  the  Commission,  the  Executive  Committee  shall 
select  a  suitable  person,  who  shall  be  known  and  recognized  as  Director- 
General,  whose  office  shall  be  at  the  headquarters  of  the  Commission  in 
Chicago,  and  whose  duties,  powers,  and  compensation  shall  be  fixed  by 
said  Committee. 

Duties  of  the  Director-General: 

HIS  powers  He   shall   exercise   such  supervision,   direction,   and   control   of  the 

operation  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  as  will  tend  to  promote 
the  efficiency  of  every  agency  employed;  and  to  this  end,  and  on  questions 
of  general  policy  and  administration,  it  shall  be  his  duty,  when  practicable, 
to  avail  himself  of  the  judgment  of  the  Executive  Committee,  and  be 
subject  to  their  direction;  but  in  the  absence  of  such  Committee,  he  shall 
be  authorized  and  instructed  to  assume  all  such  executive  powers  and 
functions  as  shall  be  necessary  to  secure  promptness,  efficiency,  and  good 
faith  in  every  department  of  the  work.  In  the  selection  of  such  Director- 
General,  the  Executive  Committee  shall  confer  with  the  Directors  of  the 
World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

COMMITTEES. 

stcomnfit-  For  tlle  PurPose  °f  facilitating  the  work  imposed  on    the   World's 

Columbian   Commission,  it  is  respectfully   suggested  that  the  following 

committees  be  appointed  by  the  President,  in  accordance  with  the  spirit 
of  the  act  of  Congress: 

First — AN  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE, 

consisting  of  twenty  (20)  Commissioners. 
Second—  COMMITTEE  ON  RULES,  BY-LAWS,  AND  REGULATIONS, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 
Third — COMMITTEE  ON  TARIFFS  AND  TRANSPORTATION, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 
Fourth — COMMITTEE  ON  FOREIGN  AFFAIRS, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

Fifth — COMMITTEE  ON  LEGISLATION, 

consisting  of  one  Commissioner  from  each 
State  and  Territory  and  the  District  of  Co- 
lumbia. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  17 

Sixth — COMMITTEE  ON  ARTS  AND  SCIENCES,  rim  ses- 

sion—Third 
consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners.  Day- 

Seventh — COMMITTEE  ON  HISTORY,  LITERATURE,  AND  POPULAR 
EDUCATION, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 
Eighth — COMMITTEE  ON  AGRICULTURE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 
Ninth—  COMMITTEE  ON  LIVE  STOCK, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 
Tenth — COMMITTEE  ON  HORTICULTURE  AND  FLORICULTURE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 
Eleventh — COMMITTEE  ON  FINANCE, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

Twelfth — AUDITING  COMMITTEE, 

consisting  of  four  (4)  Commissioners. 
Thirteenth — COMMITTEE  ON  CEREMONIES, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 
Fourteenth — COMMITTEE  ON  CLASSIFICATION, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 

Fifteenth — COMMITTEE  ON  MANUFACTURES, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 

Sixteenth — COMMITTEE  ON  COMMERCE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 

Seventeenth — COMMITTEE  ON  MINES  AND  MINING, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 

Eighteenth — COMMITTEE  ON  FISHERIES  AND  FISH  CULTURE, 
consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

There  shall  be  constituted,  in  pursuance  of  the  Law  of  Congress,  aLadyMana- 
Board  of  Lady  Managers,  consisting  of  one  woman  from  each  State  and 
Territory  and  the   District  of  Columbia,  which  shall  be  known  as  The 

Woman's  Department  of  the  World's  Columbian   Commission;   and  the  HOW  ap- 
pointed. 
President  of  this  Commission  shall  appoint  said  Lady  Managers;  and,  in 

addition  to  the  number  from  each  State  and   Territory,  he  may  appoint 
nine  women  of  the  City  of  Chicago. 

ADLAI  T.  EWING, 

Secretary  of  Committee. 

Mr.  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey,  moved  that  the  report  be  printed  before 
being  adopted. 

Mr.  Exall,  of  Texas,  moved,  as  an  amendment,  that  the  portion  of  the 
report  referring  to  the  election  of  five  Vice- Presidents  be  excepted  from 
the  report. 


18  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

First  ses-  Mr.  Scwell  accepted  the  amendment,  and  the  motion,  as   amended, 

slon— Third 

prevailed. 

vice-presi-  Mr.  Thomas  M.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  was  then  elected  First  Vice- 

dents 

ted-  President;  Mr.  M.  H.  de  Young,  of  California,  Second  Vice-President;  Mr. 
Davidson  B.  Penn,  of  Louisiana,  Third  Vice-President;  Mr.  Gorton  W. 
Allen,  of  New  York,  Fourth  Vice-President;  and  Mr.  Alexander  B. 
Andrews,  of  North  Carolina,  Fifth  Vice-President. 

In  response  to  an  invitation  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition,  the  Commission  decided  to  visit  Jackson  Park  by 
steamer,  and  to  return  by  special  train  in  time  fora  drive  to  the  North  Side 
Parks. 

Notification          On  motion  of  Mr.  McDonald,  of  California,  the  President  and  See- 
to  the 

ofthedu?s.  retary  were  instructed  to  notify  the  President  of  the  United  States  that 
the  World's  Columbian  Commission  was  permanently  organized. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  until  10  o'clock  A.  M.,  Monday, 
June  30,  i8go. 


First  Session—  Fourth  Day,  Monday,  June  30,  1890. 

The  Commission  met  at  10    o'clock  A.  M.,    pursuant    to  acljourn- 

Fourth 

Day.         ment. 

President  Palmer  in  the  chair. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  it  was  decided  that  the 
roll  should  not  be  called  hereafter,  except  by  special  order  of  the  Com- 
mission. 
official  Min-         On   motion  of  Mr.  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey,  it  was  decided  that  the 

urea  to  be 


official  minutes  be  printed  daily  and  distributed  for  the  use  of  Commis- 
sioners at  the  next  meeting. 

Rtheco°m-  Tne  Committee  on  Permanent  Quarters  submitted  a  letter  from  Mr. 

perma-      Ferd.   W.  Peck,  tendering  rooms  in  the  Auditorium  building:  for  use  of 

nent  Quar- 

the  Commission,  and  the  Committee  recommended  the  acceptance  of  the 
rooms  for  the  temporary  use  of  the  Commission,  and  asked  further  time 
for  the  selection  of  permanent  quarters. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Waller,  the  report  was  referred  back  to  the  Com- 
mittee to  be  completed. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  19 

The   Committee  appointed  to  inform  the  Directors  of  the  World's  First  ses- 
sion- 
Columbian  Exposition  that  the  World's  Columbian  Commission  is  organ-    Say.rth 

ized  and  prepared  to  receive  any  communication  they  may  wish  to  sub- 
mit, presented  the  following  report  : 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  June  30,  1890. 
Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commission:  Eeportof 

the  Com- 

SIR:     The  Committee  appointed   to   inform   the    Directors   of  the    S"feyethe 
World's  Columbian  Exposition   that  this  Commission  is  now   organized    Directory 
and  prepared  to  receive  any  communication  they  might  wish  to  submit,    ganization 
beg  leave  to  report  that  they  have  performed  their  duty,  and,  further,    2°™imis' 
that  they  were   informed  by   Mr.  Gage,  and   the   other  Directors  whom 
they  had  the  pleasure  of  meeting,  that  their  Board  would  submit  to  this 
Commission,  at  its  meeting  on   Tuesday  next,  a  communication  stating 
the  site  selected,  also  accompanying  the  same  with  a  statement  of  the 
subscription,  properly  certified,  in  order  that  we  might  take  action  in 
accordance  with  the  law  under  which  we  are  acting. 

P.  A.   B.  WIDENER,  Chairman, 

M.  B.   HARRISON, 

R.  C.  KERENS, 

THOMAS  B.   KEOGH, 

JOHN  BOYD  THACHER, 

B.  B.  SMALLEY. 

There  being  no  objection,  the  report  of  the  Committee  was  adopted. 
Mr,  King,  of  Iowa,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Banquet  Resolu- 
tions, submitted  the  following  report,  and  moved  its  adoption: 

WHEREAS,  The  States'  Association,  in  behalf  of  the  citizens  of  Chi- Report  of 

the  Com- 

cago,  with  characteristic  generosity,  provided  an  elegant  reception  and 
banquet  for  the  United  States  Commissioners  of  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition,  at  the  Palmer  House,  on  Thursday  evening,  June  26, 1890;  and 
WHEREAS,  This  banquet  was  most  elaborate  and  sumptuous,  and 
displayed  exquisite  taste,  not  only  in  respect  to  the  rich  viands  pro- 
vided, but  also  in  all  the  aesthetic  appointments  and  decorations  of  the 
occasion;  and 

WHEREAS,  Excellent  opportunity  was  thus  afforded  the  members 
of  the  Commission  of  forming  the  acquaintance  of  each  other,  and  of 
many  of  the  leading  citizens  of  Chicago;  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  the  Commissioners  hereby  tender  unanimous  and 
hearty  thanks  for  this  generous  hospitality. 

WILLIAM  F.  KING,  Chairman, 
MARK  L.  MCDONALD, 
WILLIAM  LINDSAY, 
HENRY  EXALL, 
A.  G.  BULLOCK. 


20  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

First  jses-  The  report  was  adopted,  and  the  Secretary  was  ordered  to  transmit 

r>ay.rth     a  copy  to  the  proper  officials. 

Mr.  Williams,  of  Tennessee,  offered  the  following  resolution,  and 
moved  that  it  lie  on  the  table  until  to-morrow: 

Resolved,  That  when  this  Commission  finally  adjourn,  it  shall  be  to 
meet  again  on  Thursday,  the  i8th  day  of  September  next. 

Mr.  Bullock,  of  Massachusetts,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  local  corporation  be  requested,  when  propositions 
for  site  or  sites  are  presented  to  this  Commission,  to  appoint  a  committee 
who  shall  be  able  to  give  information  and  answer  questions  that  may  be 
propounded  in  relation  thereto. 

Mr.  Hundley,  of  Alabama,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  no  Commissioner  shall  speak  oftener  than  one  time 
on  any  motion  or  proposition,  and  then  for  not  longer  than  ten  minutes; 
but  the  mover  of  a  motion  or  proposition  shall  have  the  right  to  close  the 
debate,  although  having  once  spoken. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  moved  to  refer  this  resolution  to  the 
Committee  on  Rules.  The  motion  prevailed. 

Mr.  Bromberg,  of  Alabama,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  adopted: 


committee  Resolved*  That  a  committee  of  five,  composed   of  Messrs.   Smalley, 

.  • « 

on  the 
financi 

condition 


to  report 

financial    Kerens,  Thacher,  Widener,  and  Sewell,  be  appointed,  whose  duty  it  shall 


of  the  be  to  ascertain  and  report  to  the  Commission  whether  or  not  the  corpora- 
coium"  tion  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Illinois,  known  as  "  The 
sitionof  World's  Columbian  Exposition,"  has  an  actual  and  bona  fide  and  valid 

Chicago. 

subscription  to  its  capital  stock  which  will  secure  the  payment  of  at  least 
five  millions  of  dollars,  and  whether  or  not  five  hundred  thousand  dollars 
of  such  subscription  has  been  actually  paid  in;  and  whether  or  not  said 
corporation  has  made  provision  for  obtaining  a  further  sum  of  five 
million  dollars,  making  in  all  ten  million  dollars,  and  in  what  such  pro- 
vision for  the  additional  five  millions  of  dollars  consists.  Said  committee 
shall  further  report  the  law  and  the  facts  upon  which  their  conclusions  are 
based. 

Mr.  Exall,  of  Texas,  moved  that  the  name  of  Mr.  Bromberg,  of  Ala- 
bama, be  added.     The  motion  prevailed. 

The  Secretary  read  the  following  communication: 

CHICAGO,  June  30,  1890. 

Intoirwash.    Hon.  THOMAS  W.  PALMER,  President  Columbian  Commission: 
Park  ciub.          The  Washington   Park  Club  desires  to  be  favored  with  the  presence 
of  your  honorable  body,  at  their  club-house,  Tuesday  afternoon,  July  ist. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  21 

A  special  train  will  leave  the  Illinois  Central  depot,  foot   of  Lake  Fim^jjes- 
Street,  at  1.55  o'clock,  stopping  at  Van  Buren  Street  at  1.57;  returning   U°yrtl1 
after  the  races. 

Very  respectfully, 

G.  H.  WHEELER, 

President. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Hundley,  of  Alabama,  the  invitation  was  accepted 
with  thanks. 

The  Secretary  read  the  following  communications: 
Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commission:  ^toinVpect 

With  this  will  be  presented  an  invitation  from  the  Board  of  Com-    p£5.eld 
missioners  of  Garfield  Park  for  your  honorable  body  to  make  a  trip  to 
Garfield  Park,  one  of  the  proposed  sites  for  the  Fair.     It  is  not  a  long 
ride,  and   I  shall  be  very  much  pleased  if  your  Commission  accept  the 
invitation  submitted  to  you. 

Very  respectfully  yours, 

LYMAN  J.  GAGE, 
President  World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

FROM  THE  WEST  PARK  COMMISSIONERS. 

CHICAGO,  June  28,  1890. 

To  the  Honorable,  the  National  Commissioners  of  the    World 's  Columbian 
Exposition: 

GENTLEMEN:  At  a  meeting  of  the  West  Park  Commissioners,  the 
following  resolution  was  unanimously  adopted,  viz.: 

Resolved,  That  we  invite  the  United  States  and  State  Commissioners 
of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  to  visit  and  inspect  the  proposed 
Garfield  Park  site  at  the  close  of  their  meeting,  Monday  morning,  June  30, 
1890. 

In  pursuance  of  the  above  resolution,  we  take  pleasure  in  stating 
that  carriages  will  be  in  readiness  at  the  Grand  Pacific  Hotel,  at  the  close 
of  your  meeting,  for  the  purpose  stated  in  the  above  resolution. 
Very  respectfully, 

Your  obedient  servants, 

C.  K.  G.  BILLINGS. 
H.  L.  THOMPSON. 

WlLLARP  WOODARD. 

The  invitation  was  accepted. 

The  Secretary  read  the  following  report  of  the  Committee  on  Per- 
manent Organization: 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  June  30,  1890. 

Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commission:  A?eporTof 


SIR":  The  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization  would  respectfully 


submit  the  following  amendment  to  the  printed  report  submitted  to  the    nentor- 
Commission  on  Saturday: 


22  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

First  _ses-  Resolved,  That  there  shall  be  constituted  a  Board  of  Lady  Managers, 

Fourth  consisting  of  two  women  and  two  alternates  therefor,  from  each  State  and 
Territory  and  the  District  of  Columbia,  which  shall  be  known  as  the 
Woman's  Department  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  and  the 
Commissioners  from  each  State  and  Territory  shall  nominate  from  their 
respective  States  or  Territories  such  Lady  Managers  and  alternates,  and 
the  President  of  this  Commission  shall  appoint  said  nominees  to  said  Board 
of  Management;  and,  in  addition  to  the  number  from  each  State  and  Ter- 
ritory, the  President  of  the  Commission  may  appoint  nine  women  of  the 
City  of  Chicago;  and  the  eight  Commissioners-at-Large  shall  in  like  manner 
nominate  eight  women  and  eight  alternates  to  act  upon  said  Board  of  Lady 
Managers;  and  that  the  whole  number  of  women  so  nominated  and  ap- 
pointed shall  constitute  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  contemplated  by  the 
act  of  Congress. 

Respectfully, 

ADLAI  T.  EWING, 

Secretary  of  Committee. 

The  report  was  laid  over  under  the  rules. 

Mr.  Hodges,  of  Maryland,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
laid  over  under  the  rules: 

Resolved,  That  there  shall  be  constituted,  in  pursuance  of  the  law  of 
Congress,  a  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  consisting  of  one  woman  and  one 
alternate  from  each  State  and  Territory  and  the  District  of  Columbia, 
which  shall  be  known  as  the  Woman's  Department  of  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Commission;  and  the  President  of  this  Commission  shall  make  said 
appointment  on  the  joint  nominations  of  the  Commissioners  from  each 
State  and  Territory  and  from  the  District  of  Columbia;  and,  in  addition  to 
said  appointments,  the  President  of  this  Commission  may  appoint  nine 
•  women  of  the  City  of  Chicago. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey,  it  was  decided  that  the 
Commission  will  not  entertain  any  proposition  in  relation  to  a  site  unless 
it  comes  from  the  officers  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  in  accord- 
ance with  the  law. 

Ct?ondofrtiie          The  special  order  for  to-day  at  10  o'clock  being  the  remainder  of  the 
the°com-   report  of  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization,  it  was  taken  up  and 

mittee  on 
Perma-        rAQr» 
nent  Or-      reau. 
ganiza- 

Mr.  Williams,  of  Tennessee,  moved  to  consider  the  report  section  by 
section. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  moved  to  defer  the  further  consideration 
of  the  report  until  such  time  as  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Perma- 
nent Organization  be  complete. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session,  23 

Mr. 'de  Young,  of  California,  moved  to  lay  the  motion  of  Mr.  Massey  First  s<««- 

sion— 

on  the  table. 

The  motion  was  carried. 

The  question  recurring  upon  the  motion  of  Mr.  Williams,  it  was 
adopted. 

Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  moved  the  adoption  of  the  section  refer- 
ring to  the  Director-General. 

Mr.  Jones,  of  Missouri,  offered  the  following  as  a  substitute: 

"  For  the  efficient  conduct  and  management  of  the  work  imposed 
upon  the  Commission  by  the  act  of  Congress,  a  Director-General  and 
Commissioner-General  shall  be  chosen  by  the  Commissioners,  whose 
offices  shall  be  at  the  headquarters  of  the  Commission  in  Chicago,  and 
whose  duties,  p.owers,  and  compensations  shall  be  fixed  by  the  Executive 
Committee,  subject  to  confirmation  by  the  Commission. 

"Duties  of  Director-General  and  Commissioner-General:  The 
Director-General  shall  be  responsible  to  the  Executive  Committee  of  the 
World's  Columbian  Exposition.  It  shall  be  his  duty  to  supervise  the 
preparation  of  the  site,  the  erection  of  buildings,  and  the  details  and 
administration  connected  wfth  the  business  conduct  and  control  of  the 
Exposition.  The  Commissioner-General  shall  be  directly  responsible  to 
the  Director-General,  with  the  right  to  appeal  to  the  Executive  Commit- 
tee. It  shall  be  his  duty  to  devise  and  advertise  special  attractions  cal- 
culated to  draw  and  entertain  crowds  by  its  arrangement,  and  special 
days  and  ceremony,  and  to  devise  methods  for  promoting  and  popular- 
izing the  Exposition.  The  Director-General  and  the  Commissioner- 
General  shall  be  of  different  political  parties,  in  pursuance  of  the  spirit 
of  the  act  of  Congress." 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  offered  the  following  amendment  to  the 
substitute  offered  by  Mr.  Jones: 

"  The  Executive  Committee,  after  conference  with  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  of  Chicago,  shall  recommend  to  the  Commission  a 
suitable  person,  who  shall  be  known  and  recognized  as  the  Director- 
General,  whose  office  shall  be  at  the  headquarters  of  the  Commission  in 
Chicago,  and  whose  duties,  powers,  and  compensation  shall  be  fixed  by 
the  Commission." 

After  protracted  debate,  the  amendment  of  Mr.  Waller  was  adopted. 

Mr.  Bromberg,  of  Alabama,  called  for  the  ayes  and  noes  upon  the 
adoption  of  that  portion  of  the  report  creating  the  office  of  Director- 
General,  as  amended  by  the  substitute  offered  by  Mr.  Waller. 

The  President  ruled  that  the  call  was  not  sustained,  whereupon  Mr. 
Bromberg  asked  unanimous  consent  to  have  his  vote  recorded  in  the 
negative,  and  the  consent  was  granted. 


24  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

The  question  recurring  upon  the  adoption  of  Mr.  Waller's  amend- 
ment for  the  first  paragraph  of  the  Committee's  report,  the  amendment 
and  the  section  as  amended  were  adopted. 

Mr.  Widener,  of  Pennsylvania,  then  moved  the  adoption  of  the 
second  section  of  the  Committee's  report. 

The  second  section,  as  amended  by  the  Committee,  was  read,  as 
follows: 

DUTIES    OF    THE    DIRECTOR-GENERAL. 

He  shall  exercise  such  supervision,  direction,  and  control  of  the 
operation  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  as  will  tend  to  promote 
the  efficiency  of  every  agency  employed;  and  to  this  end,  and  on  ques- 
tions of  general  policy  and  administration,  it  shall  be  his  duty  to  avail 
himself  of  the  judgment  of  the  Executive  Committee,  and  be  subject  to 
their  direction.  He  shall  be  authorized  and  instructed  to  assume  all  such 
executive  powers  and  functions  as  shall  be  necessary  to  secure  prompt- 
ness, efficiency,  and  good  faith  in  every  department  of  the  work. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  moved  to  lay  this  amendment  upon  the 
table  to  be  considered  to-morrow.  The  motion  was  seconded. 

Mr.  Jones,  of  Missouri,  offered  the  following  amendment,  to  go  with 
the  Committee's  amendment,  by  inserting  the  following:  "  And  he  shall 
make  report  to  such  committee  at  each  meeting  thereof." 

Mr.  Waller  accepted  this  amendment,  and  his  motion  prevailed. 

The  next  paragraph  of  the  report  of  the  Committee  was  read,  as 
follows: 

For  the  purpose  of  facilitating  the  work  imposed  on  the  World's 
Columbian  Commission,  it  is  respectfully  suggested  that  the  following 
committees  be  appointed  by  the  President,  in  accordance  with  the  spirit 
of  the  act  of  Congress. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  moved  to  amend  that  part  of  the 
report  which  provides  that  the  President  shall  appoint  the  committees, 
and  to  add  that  the  President  and  five  Vice-Presidents  shall  appoint  the 
committees. 

After  some  discussion,  Mr.  St.  Clair  withdrew  his  motion. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Smith,  of  New  Jersey,  the  pending  paragraph  was 
adopted. 

The  next  paragraph  was  then  taken  up  and  read,  as  follows: 

First — An  Executive  Committee  consisting  of  twenty  (20)  Commis- 
sioners. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  25 

Mr.    Massey,  of  Delaware,  moved  that  the  number  be  changed 


twenty-six  (26).  Dayrth 

Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  on  behalf  of  the  Committee,  accepted 
the  amendment  of  Mr.  Massey. 

Mr.  Gregg,  of  Arkansas,  moved  the  number  be  reduced  to  six- 
teen (16). 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Williams,  of  Tennessee,  the  amendment  of  Mr. 
Gregg  was  laid  on  the  table. 

Mr.  Hundley,  of  Alabama,  offered  the  following  amendment: 

First  —  An  Executive  Committee,  consisting  of  one  Commissioner 
from  each  State  and  Territory  and  the  District  of  Columbia.  The  mem- 
bers of  said  committee  present  at  any  meeting  shall  constitute  a  quorum 
for  the  transaction  of  business. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Smalley,  of  Vermont,  the  amendment  of  Mr. 
Hundley  was  laid  upon  the  table. 

Mr.  Hodges,  of  Maryland,  offered  the  following  amendment: 

That  the  President  and  Vice-Presidents  be  included  upon  this  com- 
mittee, making  the  total  number  twenty-six. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Mclntyre,  of  South  Dakota,  this  amendment  was 
laid  upon  the  table. 

Mr.  Mclntyre  moved  that  the  motion  which  increased  the  number 
from  twenty  to  twenty-six  be  reconsidered. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  Mr.  Mclntyre's  motion 
was  laid  upon  the  table. 

The  question  recurring  upon  the  adoption  of  the  pending  section  of 
the  committee's  report,  upon  the  motion  of  Mr.  Cochran,  of  Texas,  the 
section  was  adopted,  making  the  Executive  Committee  consist  of  twenty- 
six  Commissioners. 

The  next  section  was  read  as  follows  : 

Second  —  COMMITTEE  ox   RULES,  BY-LAWS,  AND   REGULATIONS, 
consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Widener,  of  Pennsylvania,  and  seconded  by  Mr. 
Cochran,  this  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 

The  next  section  was  read  as  follows: 

Third  —  COMMITTEE  ON  TARIFFS   AND   TRANSPORTATION, 
consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Widener,  seconded  by  Mr.   Cochran,  this  section,    . 
as  read,  was  adopted. 


26  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

First  ses-  The  next  section  was  read  as  follows: 

sion— 

Dayf*  Fourth COMMITTEE    ON    FOREIGN    AFFAIRS, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Cochran,  seconded  by  Mr.  Smalley,  of  Vermont, 
this  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 

The  next  section  was  read  as  follows: 

Fifth — COMMITTEE  ON  LEGISLATION, 

consisting   of    one   (i)    Commissioner   from   each 
State  and  Territory  and  the  District  of  Columbia.. 
Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  moved  to  insert  two  instead  of  one  Com- 
missioner from  each  State,  etc.    The   motion  prevailed,  and  the  section, 
as  amended,  was  adopted. 

The  next  section  was  read  as  follows: 

Sixth — COMMITTEE  ON  ARTS  AND  SCIENCES, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

On   motion    of   Mr.    Widener,   of    Pennsylvania,    seconded    by    Mr. 
Cochran,  of  Texas,  this  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 
The  next  section  was  read  as  follows: 

Seventh — COMMITTEE    ON    HISTORY,    LITERATURE,    AND    POPULAR 

EDUCATION, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

This  section,  as  read,  was   adopted. 
The  next  section  was  read  as  follows: 

Eighth — COMMITTEE  ON  AGRICULTURE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 
This  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 
The  next  section  was  read  as  follows: 

Ninth — COMMITTEE  ON  LIVE  STOCK, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 
This  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 
The  next  section  was  read  as  follows: 

Tenth — COMMITTEE  "ON  HORTICULTURE  AND  FLORICULTURE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)   Commissioners. 
This  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 
The  next  section  was  read  as  follows: 

Eleventh — COMMITTEE  ON  FINANCE, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

This  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  27 

The  next  section  was  read  as  follows  :  I 

Twelfth — AUDITING  COMMITTEE, 

consisting  of  four  (4)  Commissioners. 

This  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 
The  next  section  was  read  as  follows  : 

Thirteenth — COMMITTEE  ON  CEREMONIES, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

This  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 
The  next  section  was  read  as  follows  : 

•Fourteenth — COMMITTEE  ON  CLASSIFICATION, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 

This  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 
The  next  section  was  read  as  follows  : 

Fifteenth — COMMITTEE  ON  MANUFACTURES, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 

This  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 
The  next  section  was  read  as  follows  : 

Sixteenth — COMMITTEE  ON  COMMERCE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 

This  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 
The  next  section  was  read  as  follows  : 

Seventeenth — COMMITTEE  ON  MINES  AND  MINING, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners. 

This  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 
The  next  section  was  read  as  follows  : 

Eighteenth — COMMITTEE  ON  FISHERIES  AND  FISH  CULTURE, 
consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

This  section,  as  read,  was  adopted. 

The  next  section  of  the  report  was  read  as  follows  : 

There  shall  be  constituted,  in  pursuance  of  the  law  of  Congress, 
a  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  consisting  of  one  woman  from  each  State 
and  Territory  and  the  District  of  Columbia,  which  shall  be  known  as  the 
Woman's  Department  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Mr.  Hodges,  of  Maryland,  was  about  to  offer  a  substitute  for  the 
foregoing  section,  when  Mr.  Kerens,  of  Missouri,  on  behalf  of  the  Com- 
mittee on  Permanent  Organization,  submitted  the  following  substitute: 


28  World's  Columbian   Commission. 

Hon.  THOMAS  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

SIR:  Your  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization  would  respect- 
fully submit  the  following  amendment  to  the  printed  report  submitted  to 
the  Commission  on  Saturday: 

Resolved,  That  there  shall  be  constituted  a  Board  of  Lady  Managers, 
consisting  of  one  woman  and  alternate  therefor  from  each  State  and 
Territory  and  the  District  of  Columbia,  which  shall  be  known  as  the 
Woman's  Department  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  and  the 
Commissioners  from  each  State  and  Territory  and  the  District  of  Colum- 
bia shall  nominate,  from  their  respective  States  and  Territories  and  the 
District  of  Columbia,  such  Lady  Managers,  and  the  President  of  this 
Commission  shall  appoint  said  nominees  to  said  Board  of  Managers,  and 
in  addition  to  the  members  from  each  State  and  Territory  and  the  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia,  the  President  of  the  Commission  may  appoint  nine 
women  of  the  City  of  Chicago.  The  respective  Commissioners-at- 
Large  shall  in  like  manner  nominate  eight  women  and  alternates-at- 
Large  to  act  upon  said-  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  and  that  the  whole 
number  of  women  so  nominated  and  appointed  shall  constitute  the  Board 
of  Lady  Managers  contemplated  by  the  act  of  Congress. 

Mr.  Smith,  of  New  Jersey,  moved  to  strike  out  the  word  "one"  and 
insert  the   word  "two."       The  motion  was  seconded  by  Mr.  Waller,  of 
Connecticut,  and  prevailed,  and  the  substitute,  as  amended,  was  adopted. 
Mr.  Hundley,  of  Alabama,  offered  the  following  amendment: 
Insert  between  fourth  and  fifth  committees  the  following:' 

"Fifth — A  COMMITTEE  ON  BUILDINGS  AND  GROUNDS, 

to  consist  of  sixteen  Commissioners." 

Mr.  Williams,  of  Tennessee,  moved  to  strike  out  "sixteen"  ana 
insert  "twenty,"  which  was  accepted  by  Mr.  Hundley,  and  the  amend- 
ment was  adopted. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Hundley,  the  numerical  order  of  the  committees 
was  changed  so  that  the  amendment,  as  adopted,  would  be  the  fifth  com- 
mittee. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  seconded  by  Mr.  St.  Clair, 
of   West  Virginia,   the  vote  by    which   Mr.    Hundley's  amendment   was 
adopted  was  reconsidered,  and  on  motion  of  Mr.  Widener,  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, it  was  laid  upon  the  table, 
official  DI-  On    motion    of    Mr.    Brainard,    of    Connecticut,    the    Secretary    was 

rectory  of 

m&Son1"   instructed  to  have  a  list  of  the  names  of  Commissioners  and  alternates 

ordered 

thesecre-'  prated  for  the  convenience  and  use  of  the  Commissioners,  and  that  the 
post-office  addresses  of  such  Commissioners  and  alternates  be  given. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  29 

On  motion  of  Mr.   Martindale,   of   Indiana,   the  Secretary  was  in- TO  include 

J  the  act  of 

structed  to  include  in   this  publication  a  copy  of  the  law  of  Congress    ™ief 2 

commlt- 

creating  the  Commission,  and  also  the  rules  and  committees  that  may    tees- 
have  been  formed  up  to  the  time  of  its  printing. 

Mr.  Garvin,  of  Indiana,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted: 

Resolved,  That  all  motions  and  resolutions  looking  to  the  creation  of. 
further  standing   committees  be  referred,  without  debate,  to  the    Com- 
mittee on  Permanent  Organization. 

Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  President  of  this  Commission  appoint  a  committee 
on  rendezvous  in  Hampton  Roads,  in  Virginia,  and  review  of  the  navies 
of  the  world,  in  New  York,  as  provided  by  act  of  Congress. 

Referred  to  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization. 

Mr.  Tousley,  of  Minnesota,  offered  the  following  resolutions: 

Resolved,  That  the  seventh  committee  be  named  Committee  on 
Science,  Literature,  and  History,  consisting  of  eight  Commissioners. 

Resolved,  That  a  new  committee  be  created,  named  Committee 
on  Universities,  Colleges,  and  Public  Schools,  consisting  of  eight  Com- 
missioners. 

Referred  to  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization. 

Mr.  Hodges,  of  Maryland,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization: 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  convention  that  the  alternates 
jointly  appointed  with  the  Commissioners  shall  have  the  right  to  represent 
their  principals  who  may  be  members  of  the  committees,  at  all  meetings 
at  which  the  Commissioners  themselves  may  be  unable  to  attend,  and  to 
execute  all  the  powers  and  functions  which  might  be  performed  by  such 
Commissioners  if  present. 

Mr.  Allen,  of  Wisconsin,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
referred  to  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization: 

Resolved,  That  the  President  appoint  a  standing  committee  of  eight 
(8)  on  Police  Regulations  and  Public  Comfort. 

The  President  stated  that  a  committee  of  citizens  of  Chicago,  repre- 
senting the  West  Side,  were  waiting  to  take  the  Commissioners  upon  a 
tour  of  inspection  of  the  parks  in  that  section  of  the  city. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  until  10  o'clock  A.  M.  tomorrow 
(Tuesday),  July  i,  1890. 


30  World}*,   Columbian  Commission. 


First  Session— Fifth  Day,  Tuesday,  July  i,  1890. 

FSon-?CB"  The  Commission  met,  pursuant  to  adjournment,  at  10  o'clock  A.  M.r 

iy'  President  Palmer  in  the  chair. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey,  the  roll-call  was  dispensed 
with. 

Mr.  Roche,  of  South  Carolina,  asked  that  it  appear  in  the  record 
that  Mr.  Coit  was  absent  on  account  of  urgent  business. 

A  letter  was  read  from  Mr.  Jones,  of  Missouri,  stating  that  he  was 
absent  on  account  of  illness  in  his  family. 

The  Secretary  stated  that,  in  addition  to  the  full  stenographic  report 
of  each  meeting  of  the  Commission,  which  was  being  printed,  the  official 
minutes  of  the  proceedings  of  the  Commission  were  also  being  printed, 
but  would  not  be  ready  for  distribution  until  after  the  meeting  of  the 
Commission  to-day. 

The  reading  of  the  minutes  of  the  meeting  of  yesterday  was  then 
dispensed  with. 

Mr.  Bullene,  of  Missouri,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  resolution  of  yesterday,  requesting  the  Secretary 
to  communicate  by  wire  with  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  for  informa- 
tion as  to  the  method  by  which  the  Commissioners  shall  receive  their 
mileage  and  per  diem,  be  expunged  from  the  records. 

Mr.  Asa  S.  Mercer,  alternate  from  Wyoming,  stated  that  he  was 
present  in  place  of  his  Commissioner,  Mr.  Beckwith,  who  was  not  here 
to-day. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  adopted  : 

WHEREAS,  Questions  have  already  been  suggested,  and  others  are 
likely  to  arise,  touching  the  nature  and  quality  of  the  duties  and  powers 
imposed  on  and  delegated  to  this  body  by  the  act  of  Congress  creating 
it;  and 

WHEREAS,  It  is  obviously  important  that  the  powers  and  jurisdiction 
of  this  Commission  should  be  definitely  ascertained  and  clearly  under- 
stood, to  the  end  that  its  efficiency  may  be  promoted  and  maintained,  and 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  31 

so  as  that  all  controversy  as  to  the  lawful  exercise  of  its  powers  may  be 
avoided,  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  a  special  committee  of  six  be,  and  is  hereby  consti- 
tuted, to  be  appointed  by  the  President  in  accordance  with  the  spirit  of 
the  act  of  Congress,  to  consider  the  question  of  the  rights,  duties,  and 
powers  of  this  body  under  the  said  act ;  and  to  submit  a  report  of  its 
deliberations,  defining  the  quality,  character,  and  extent  thereof,  to  the 
next  adjourned  meeting  of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  Strong,  alternate  from  Tennessee,  offered  the  following  resolu- 
tion : 

Resolved,  That  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  authorized  and  required 
by  Congress,  receive  the  same  pay  for  their  services  as  we,  the  Commis- 
sioners, do  for  ours,  viz.:  six  dollars  per  day  and  actual  expenses  for 
transportation. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey,  the  resolution  of  Commis- 
sioner Strong  was  referred  to  the  Special  Committee  on  the  Powers  of  the 
Commissioners. 

[First  Vice-President  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  in  the  chair.] 

Mr.  Lindsay,  of  Kentucky,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  adopted  : 

Resolved,  That  the  President  of  this  Commission  be,  and  he  is  hereby 

3 
made,  one  of  the  twenty-six  (26)  members  of  the  Executive  Committee, 

and,  ex-officio,  the  Chairman  thereof. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Kerens,  of  Missouri,  the  President  and  Secretary 
were  unanimously  requested  to  send  the  following  telegram  to  Hon. 
Chauncey  M.  Depew,  New  York  City,  one  of  the  members  of  this 
Commission: 

Your  fellow  members  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission  wish  you 
bon  voyage  and  God  speed.  May  seas  be  calm  before  you,  the  skies  clear, 
the  winds  fair.  We  know  you  are  free  from  ordinary  danger.  No  ice- 
berg could  live  within  a  thousand  miles  of  you,  and  Neptune  himself  must 
wear  a  smiling  countenance  while  you  are  on  the  sea.  We  feel  assured  that 
as  you  move  in  the  pomp  of  courts  and  the  hearts  of  the  people  abroad, 
you  will  appropriately  present  the  attractions  and  possibilities  of  the  com- 
ing World's  Fair. 

While  you  tarry  on  the  other  side,  may  you  receive  something  of  that 
pleasure  and  entertainment  you  impart  to  others,  and  when  in  time  you 
return  to  us,  may  you  come  invigorated  in  body,  refreshed  in  mind,  and 
ready  for  any  of  the  duties,  responsibilities,  and  honors  which  may  await 
you  in  your  native  land. 


32  World's  Columbian   Commission. 

Fision-Se8"  Mr.  Porter,  of  Delaware,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Fifth  Day. 

Resolved,  That  this  Commission  shall  adjourn  to-morrow  (July  2d), 
to  meet  again  in  this  city  on  Wednesday,  October  8th  next,  at  12  o'clock 
noon. 

Mr.  Strong,  alternate  from  Tennessee,  moved  as  an  amendment,  that 
when  the  Commission  adjourn,  it  shall  adjourn  to  meet  on  a  certain 
day,  or  upon  call  of  the  President,  if  he  should  desire  to  call  it  earlier. 

The  resolution,  as  amended,  was  laid  upon  the  table. 

Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  all  matters  referred  to  the  committees  be  printed  and 
distributed  among  the  members  of  the  Columbian  Commission  at  least  one 
day  before  final  action  is  had  upon  them. 

Referred. 

Mr.  Ferry,  alternate  from  Utah,  moved  to  reconsider  the  vote  by 
which  the  Commission  yesterday  adopted  the  motion  of  Mr.  Sewell,  of 
New  Jersey,  to-wit:  that  this  Commission  would  not  consider  any  site 
unless  recommended  by  the  Local  Directory. 

Upon  motion  of  Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  the  motion  to  recon- 
sider was  laid  upon  the  table. 

Mr.  Deere,  of  Illinois,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted: 

committee  Resolved,  That  the   members   of    the  Committee   on    Legislation   be 

iation:in-  requested  to  act  through  their  respective  State   and   Territorial  represen- 
to-  tatives,  at  the   first  session  of  the   legislatures  of  their  respective   States 

and  Territories,  and  urge  proper  legislation  relative   to   the   World's  Ex- 
position of  1893. 

First  Vice-President  Waller  being  in  the  chair,  President  Palmer 
offered  the  following  resolution: 

That  the  Vice-Presidents  be  added  to  the  Executive  Committee. 
After  some  discussion,  this  resolution  was  laid  upon  the  table. 

Mr.  de  Young,  of  California,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  adopted: 
commis-  Resolved*  That  this  Commission  issue  to  the  Ladv  Managers  a  hand- 

sionsto  be 

uedto    Some  commission,  signed  by  our  executive  officers. 


Lady  Man 
agers. 


Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  referred  to  the  special  committee  defining  the  duties  of  the  Commis- 
sioners: 


Minutes  of  tlie  First  Session.  33 

Resolved,  That  until  the    report  on  the  status  of  the   alternates  is  First  ses- 
made  by  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization,  an  alternate  is  en-    Fifth  Day. 
titled  to  a  seat  in  the  Commission  with  all  the  powers  of  a  Commissioner, 
in  the  absence  of  the  Commissioner. 

[President  Palmer  in  the  chair.] 

Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Per- 
manent Organization,  submitted  the  following  report,  which  was  adopted, 
with  the  exception  of  the  fourth  paragraph,  relating  to  the  naval  display 
at  Hampton  Roads  and  New  York  Harbor,  whictt  was  withdrawn: 

CHICAGO,  ILL,  July  i,  1890. 

Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission:        pJro 
SIR:     The  Committee  on   Permanent  Organization  would  respect-    Sz 
fully   report    that   it   has   had    under   consideration    sundry   resolutions 
referred  to  it,  and  has  taken  the  following  action: 

The  resolution  asking  for  the  appointment  of  a  committee  on  Indian 
affairs,  consisting  of  six  Commissioners,  was  rejected,  being,  in  the  judg- 
ment of  the  Committee,  covered  by  the  Committee  on  Classification. 

The  resolution  recommending  a  committee  on  grounds  and  buildings 
was  rejected,  the  same  being  covered  by  the  organization  of  the  Local 
Board. 

The  resolution  suggesting  a  committee  on  rendezvous  at  Hampton 
Roads,  in  Virginia,  and  review  of  the  navies  of  the  world,  in  New  York, 
was  rejected,  being  provided  for  in  the  act  of  Congress,  and  such  duties 
of  the  Commission  appertaining  to  this  matter  are  covered  by  the  Com- 
mittee on  Ceremonies. 

The  resolution  that  the  President  appoint  a  standing  committee  of 
eight  (8)  on  police  regulations  and  public  comfort,  was  unanimously 
adopted. 

The  resolution  that  a  timber  committee  be  appointed,  consisting  of 
eight  (8)  Commissioners,  was  rejected,  the  same,  in  the  judgment  of  the 
Committee,  being  covered  by  the  Committee  on  Agriculture. 

The  resolution  that  a  committee  on  electricity  and  electrical  appli- 
ances be  appointed  was  adopted,  the  committee  to  consist  of  eight  (8) 
Commissioners,  and  to  be  empowered  to  call  in  the  assistance  of  such 
expert  aid  as  they  may  deem  necessary. 

The  resolutions  that  the  seventh  committee  be  named  Committee  on 
Science,  Literature,  and  History,  consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners, 
and  that  a  new  committee  be  created  named  Committee  on  University, 
College,  and  Public  School  Education,  consisting  of  eight  (8)  Com- 
missioners, were  laid  upon  the  table  for  future  consideration  and  action 


34  Worlds   Columbian   Commission. 

FSkm-es"  *  am  mstructed  by  the  Committee  to  ask  the  privilege  of  sitting,  dur- 

.  jng  t^e  recess  of  this  Commission,  at  such  points  as  the  Committee  may 
select,  to  consider  all  the  subject-matter  referred  to  the  Committee  for  its 
action;  and  that  we  be  authorized  to  employ  a  stenographer,  and  have 
him  attend  the  sessions  of  the  Committee. 

Respectfully, 

JAMES  A.  MCKENZIE, 

Chairman. 

^-r'  Groner,  of  Virginia,  presented  the  following  resolutions  from  the 
Chamber  of  Commerce  of  Norfolk,  Va.,  in  reference  to  the  naval  review 

April,  1893.  > 

at  Hampton  Roads,  and  moved  their  reference  to  the  proper  committee 
when  appointed: 

THE  WORLD'S  NAVAL  RENDEZVOUS  IN  HAMPTON  ROADS  IN  1893. 

Resolutions  offered  by  Mr.  M.  Umstadter,  in  Chamber  of  Commerce, 
June  16,  and  referred  and  unanimously  passed  by  the  Board  of  Directors 
June  23,  1890: 

WHEREA-,  The  rendezvous  of  the  navies  of  the  world  in  Hampton 
Roads  in  the  spring  of  1893,  as  contemplated  in  the  act  of  Congress 
approved  April  25,  1890  (being  the  original  House  Bill  as  amended  in  the 
Senate  by  the  Hon.  John  W.  Daniel),  requesting  the  "sovereigns  of  all 
nations"  to  unite  in  celebrating  the  landing  of  Columbus  in  Amer- 
ica, and  which  has  been  passed  and  has  become  law,  will  probably  attract 
to  the  waters  adjacent  to  our  harbor  the  largest  number  of  war  ships  ever 
concentrated  near  one  port;  and 

WHEREAS,  A  proper  effort  would  probably  secure  the  adoption  of 
such  a  programme  for  the  evolution  of  the  fleet,  maneuver  of  the  vessels, 
the  exercises  of  the  sailors  and  marines,  together  with  the  entertainment 
of  the  visiting  and  American  officers,  as  \vould  make  this  feature  of  the 
celebration  of  the  great  historical  event  one  memorable  for  its  unique 
character,  and  one  that  would  attract  to  the  Atlantic  States  visitors  from 
all  parts  of  this  and  foreign  countries;  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  is/,  That  the  President  of  the  Chamber  of  Commerce  appoint 
a  committee  of  twenty,  to  be  known  as  the  General  Committee,  of  which 
the  President  of  the  Chamber  shall  be  ex-offido  the  Chairman,  this  Com- 
mittee to  be  subdivided  into  smaller  committees,  whose  duties  it  shall  be 
to  consider  the  practicability  of  forming  a  plan  or  programme  for  the  naval 
rendezvous  in  Hampton  Roads  in  1893,  its  possibilities  and  requirements, 
ana  to  take  all  the  necessary  steps  to  carry  said  plan  into  execution. 

Resolved,  2d,  That,  as  many  of  our  sister  cities  in  Virginia,  the  cities 
of  Washington,  Baltimore,  Philadelphia,  and  New  York  will  be  equally 
interested  in  making  this  feature  of  the  celebration  a  great  success,  the 
General  Committee  shall  have  the  power,  through  its  representatives,  to 
confer  with  the  governments  and  citizens  thereof,  and  invite  their  cooper- 
ation. 


Minutes  of  the  First^  Session.  35 

Resolved^  3^,  That  the  Committee  may  add  to  its  membership  officers  First 
of  the  army  and  navy,  and  that  they  may  otherwise  increase  their  mem-    Fifth  Day. 
bership  as  they  may  see  fit. 

Resolved,  $th,  That  the  Committee  shall  consider  and  advise  as  to  any 
further  legislation,  assistance,  and  cooperation  desired  from  the  City, 
State,  or  United  States. 

Resolved,  ^th,  That  the  acknowledgments  of  this  body  be  tendered  to 
the  Hon.  John  W.  Daniel,  for  his  thoughtful  consideration  of  Virginia  in  his 
amendment  to  the  resolution  above  referred  to,  and  that  he  be,  and 
hereby  is,  elected  an  honorary  member  of  all  committees  of  the  Colum- 
bus Celebration  appointed  under  these  resolutions. 

The  following  resolutions  were  presented  and  referred  to  the  Com- 
mittee on  Permanent  Organization: 

By  Mr.  Heermans,  alternate  from  Virginia  — 

A  Committee  on  Printing,  composed  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

By  Mr.  Mitchell,  of  Wisconsin  — 

A  Committee  on  Ethnology,  Archaeology,  and  Natural  History,  of 
eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

By  Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia— 

A  Committee  on  Forestry,  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

An  invitation  to  attend  Barnum  &  Bailey's  "  Greatest  Show  on 
Earth  "  was  accepted  for  eight  o'clock  this  evening. 

Mr.  Widener,  of  Pennsylvania,  on  behalf  of  the  committee  to  confer 
with  the  Local  Board,  reported  that  a  committee  from  the  Local  Board 
would,  during  the  day's  session,  come  before  the  Commission,  and  a 
recess  was  then  taken  until  12  o'clock  noon,  to  await  the  arrival  of  the 
committee. 

The  Commission  met  at  12  o'clock,  and  took  a  recess  for  twenty 
minutes. 


Upon  reconvening,  at  ten  minutes  to  i  o'clock,  the  committee  to 
confei  with  the  Local  Board  reported  that  representatives  from  said 
Board  were  now  present;  and  the  said  committee,  composed  of  Messrs. 
P.  A.  B.  Widener,  of  Pennsylvania;  R.  C.  Kerens,  of  Missouri;  John  Boyd 
Thacher,  of  New  York;  B.  B.  Smalley,  of  Vermont;  W.  J.  Sewell,  of  New 
Jersey,  and  F.  G.  Bromberg,  of  Alabama,  submitted  the  following  as 
their  report: 


World's  Columbian  Commission. 


RtKom-    EXECUTIVE  DEPARTMENT  OF  THE  WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN 

mittee  ap- 

EXPOSITION. 


to  the 
financial 

oftlletlon  CHICAGO,  July  i,  1890. 

World's 

wan  Expo-  To  the  World's  Columbian  Commission  : 

sition  of 
Chicago. 

GENTLEMEN:  At  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition,  held  this  day,  the  following  resolution  was  unan- 
imously adopted: 

site  for  the  Resolved,  That  this  Board  hereby  adopts  —  subject  to  the  concurrence 

World's  * 

°^  t^ie  authorities  having  jurisdiction  thereof  —  the  Lake  Front  and 
Jackson  Park  as  the  site  for  the  location  of  the  World's  Columbian  Expo- 
sition, it  being  the  intention  of  the  Board  to  make  as  large  a  use  as  may 
be  possible  of  room  now  existing  or  that  may  hereafter  be  gained  on  the 
Lake  Front,  and  use  Jackson  Park  so  far  as  may  be  necessary  to  provide 
adequate  room  and  buildings  for  the  Exposition. 
Very  respectfully, 

J.  H.  KINGWILL, 

Approved:  Acting  Secretary. 

LYMAN  J.  GAGE, 

President. 


To  tfie  World*  s  Columbian  Commission: 

of  the 

coium-8  As  requested  by  your  committee,  we  hereby  submit  to  your  honora- 

eiuon.xpo" ble  body,  on  behalf  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  incorporated 
as  the  World's  Exposition  of  1893,  the  following  financial  exhibits: 

First — A  certificate  from  J.  H.  Kingwill,  Assistant  Secretary,  showing 
the  bona  fide  and  binding  subscriptions  to  the  capital  stock  of  said 
corporation  to  be  $5,000,000. 

Second — Affidavit  of  A.  F.  Seeberger,  Treasure*  of  this  corporation, 
showing  actual  cash  on  hand  in  bank,  subject  to  check,  to  be  $669,139.83. 

Third — A  statement  from  Otto  Young,  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Ways  and  Means,  showing  new  subscriptions  to  the  $5,000,000  in- 
crease of  capital  stock  of  $500,000  or  more. 

In  explanation  of  the  last  item,  we  would  respectfully  state  that  at  a 
meeting  of  the  stockholders  of  this  corporation,  held  June  18,  1890,  the 
capital  stock  was  increased,  in  conformity  with  the  law,  to  $10,000,000. 
Of  this  amount,  more  than  $500,000  has  already  been  subscribed,  and 
the  committee  are  adding  new  subscribers  daily. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  37 


Under  Section  5  of  the  act  of  Congress  creating  your  Commission, 
is  required  that  the  corporation  shall  satisfy  you  that,  in  addition  to  a    Fifth  Day 
valid    capital  of  $5,000,000,   "the  further  sum  of   $5,000,000,   making 
$16,000,000  in  all,  will  be  provided  in  ample  time  for  its  needful  use  during 
the  prosecution  of  the  work  for  the  complete  preparation  for  said  Expo- 
sition." 

This  corporation  is  not  unmindful  of  its  duty  in  this  direction,  and 
expects  to  meet  it  fully  and  completely. 

To  make  provision  therefor,  the  capital  stock,  as  above  shown,  has 
been  increased  to  $10,000,000.  Subscription  to  the  new  stock  is  being 
steadily  pushed  under  the  direction  and  care  of  a  capable  Committee, 
known  as  the  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means. 

It  is  expected  that  we  will  be  able  to  place  a  large  part,  if  not  all,  of 
this  with  our  own  people  and  friends,  during  the  next  six  months.  In  ad- 
dition to  this,  negotiations  have  been  had  with  the  Common  Council  of 
the  City  of  Chicago  for  advances  in  cash  to  this  corporation,  from  time 
to  time  as  it  may  require,  to  the  amount  of  $5,000,000.  Lacking  power 
under  the  law,  the  Common  Council,  by  a  unanimous  vote,  has  made  a 
request  to  the  Governor  of  the  State  for  a  special  meeting  of  the  State 
Legislature,  to  take  action  on  a  bill  which  will  enable  the  city  to  make 
this  advance.  The  Governor  of  the  State  has  issued  his  proclamation, 
convening  the  Legislature  on  July  23d  next.  As  the  proposed  enabling 
act,  if  passed,  will,  under  our  constitution,  have  to  be  submitted  to  a  vote 
of  the  people  at  the  next  general  election  afterwards  held  —  to-wit,  No- 
vember 4th  next  —  we  will  not  be  in  a  position  to  make  a  binding  con- 
tract with  the  city  until  after  that  date.  No  doubt  is  entertained,  how- 
ever (as  both  people  and  press  are  in  hearty  sympathy  with  the  move- 
ment) of  its  favorable  outcome. 

Should  this  resource  fail,  however,  we  feel  perfect  confidence  in  our 
ability,  through  increase  of  stock  subscriptions,  and  by  use  of  our  credit 
in  other  directions,  to  provide  the  full  ten  millions,  as  conditioned  in  Sec- 
tion 5.  In  fact,  our  plans  contemplate,  through  the  joint  effect  of  both 
lines  of  action,  not  ten  millions,  but  a  total  of  twelve  and  a  half  or  fifteen 
millions,  in  ample  time  for  the  use  and  purposes  of  the  Exposition. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

LYMAN  J.  GAGE, 

President. 

CHICAGO,  July  i,  1890. 


38  World"1  s  Columbian  Commission. 

F£on-e8'  THE  WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN  EXPOSITION. 

Fifth  Day. 

Statement  of  Cash  Balance  10  A.  J/.,  June  30,  1890. 

* 

STATIONARY  ACCOUNTS. 

Merchants'  National  Bank $59,000.00 

"    Spl.  acct , 11,984.00 

Commercial  National  Bank 59,500.00 

National  Bank  of  Illinois 59,500.00 

Illinois  Trust  &  Savings  Bank 59,500.00 

Continental  National  Bank 52,500.00 

Corn  Exchange  Bank 52,500.00  - 

Metropolitan  National  Bank 35,000.00 

American  Trust  &  Savings  Bank 35,000.00 

The  Northern  Trust  Company 35,000.00 

Chicago  National  Bank 35,000.00     $494,484.00 

ACTIVE  ACCOUNTS. 

Union  National  Bank $69,473.59 

Merchants'  Loan  &  Trust  Co 96,568.44      $166,042.03 

TEMPORARY  ACCOUNT. 
Chicago  National  Bank 8,663.80 


Total  cash  on  hand $669,189.83 

Correct:     A.   F.   SEEBERGER,    Treasurer. 

I,  Anthony  F.  Seeberger,  Treasurer  of  the  World's  Columbian  Expo- 
sition, hereby  certify  that  the  above  is  a  true  and  correct  statement  of  the 
cash  in  bank,  subject  to  the  checks  of  the  above-named  corporation  at 
this  date. 

(Signed)  ANTHONY  F.   SEEBERGER. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me,  at  Chicago,  111.,  this  3oth 
[SEAL]     day  of  June,  1890. 

JOHN  D.  VANDERCOOK, 
Notary  Public. 
Attest:  FERD.  W.  PECK, 
OTTO  YOUNG, 
JOHN  J.  P.  ODELL, 

Majority  of  Finance  Committee. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  39 


SECRETARY'S    OFFICE    OF    THE   WORLD'S  First  ses- 

si  on— 

COLUMBIAN  EXPOSITION.  FtrthDay. 

CHICAGO,  June  30,  1890. 
LYMAN  J.  GAGE,  Esq.,  President,  City: 

DEAR  SIR:  The  books  of  this  Company  show  the  total  subscription 
to  the  original  capital  stock  of  the  Company  to  be  for  500,000  shares  at 
$10.00  each,  making  the  total  amount  $5,000,000,  subscribed  for  by 
28,308  persons,  firms,  and  corporations. 

The  original  subscription  books  are  filed  in  the  office  of  the  Treas- 
urer, and  have  been  entered  under  my  supervision,  and  all  of  the  sub- 
scriptions are,  to  the  best  of  my  knowledge  and  belief,  bona  fide  and 
binding. 

Yours  truly, 

J.    H.     KlNGWILL, 

Assistant  Secretary. 

The  above  is  hereby  approved  and  respectfully  submitted  to  the 
World's  Columbian  Commission  as  evidence  of  the  fact  that  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition,  formerly  known  as  "  The  World's  Exposition  of 
1892,"  has  an  actual  bona  fide  and  valid  subscription  to  its  capital  stock 
of  $5,000,000,  as  required  under  Section  5  of  the  act  of  Congress  cre- 
ating the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  and  providing  for  an  exhibi- 
tion of  arts,  industries,  manufactures,  etc.,  to  be  inaugurated  in  the  year 
1893  in  the  City  of  Chicago. 

LYMAN  J.  GAGE, 

President. 

After  hearing  the  representatives  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposi- 
tion of  Chicago,  Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  offered  the  following  reso- 
lution: 

Resolved,  That  the  site  proposed  by  the  President  and  the  Directors 
of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  of  Chicago,  for  the  holding  of 
the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  be,  and  the  same  is,  formally  accepted 
by  this  Commission. 

After  some  discussion,  Mr.  de  Young,  of  California,  moved,  and  it  Ctin08idp55t- 
was  voted,  that  the  foregoing  resolution,  together  with  the  reports  and    w'ednes? 

clfty. 

statements  of  the  Committee  of  the  Local  Board,  be  laid  upon  the  table, 
and  be  printed  and  made  the  special  order  for  10  o'clock  to-morrow 
morning,  to  which  hour,  upon  motion,  the  Commission  then  adjourned. 


40  Worlds  Columbian  Commission. 


FLfon-s  First  Session— Sixth  Day,  Wednesday,  July  2,  1890. 

Sixth  Day. 

The  Commission  met  at  10  A.  M.  pursuant  to  adjournment. 
President  Palmer  in  the  chair. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Harris,  of  Virginia,  Governor  Fifer,  of  Illinois,, 
was  invited  to  sit  with  the  Commission' during  its  present  session. 

The  reading  of  the  minutes  of  previous  sessions  was  ordered,  during 
which  the  President  ruled  that  when  a  member  of  the  Commission  was 
not  present  at  roll-call,  but  was  in  his  seat  subsequently  during  the  day, 
his  name  would  be  entered  on  the  roll  as  present. 

Mp?evfousf  T^e  mmutes  of  tne  proceedings  of  the  Commission  for  the  first,, 

corrected',  second,  third,  fourth  and  fifth  days  were  read,  and,  after  certain  correc- 

and  adopt- 

tions,  adopted. 

verbatim  During  the  reading  of  the  minutes  of  the  fifth  day's  proceedings,  on 

dlscon-      motion  of  Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  it  was  decided  that  hereafter  the 

tinued. 

stenographic  reports  of  speeches  be  dispensed  with. 

Interests.  A  communication  was  received  from  the  Illinois  Dairymen's  Associa- 

tion, asking  for  the  appointment  of  a  special  committee  in  charge  of  the 
dairy  interest,  including  dairy  cattle. 

Mr.  Deere,  of  Illinois,  offered  the  following  resolution: 
.Resolved,  That  a  new  committee  be  created,  to  be  named  the  Com- 
mittee on  Dairy  Products,  consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners. 

Referred  to  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization. 

The  following  letter  of  congratulation  was  received  from  the  officers 
of  the  Isabella  Society,  of  Illinois,  and  was  read  and  placed  on  file: 

We,  women  of  the  city  of  Chicago,  assembled  in  the  Palmer  House, 
Tuesday  afternoon,  July  i,  1890,  send  greeting  to  the  World's  Colum- 
bian  Commission: 

You  have  given  us  an  hour  of  rejoicing,  tempered  only  by  the  appre- 
ciation of  the  responsibilities  and  the  magnitude  of  the  undertaking. 

In  making  a  provision  for  nine  women  on  the  "  Board  of  Lady 
Managers,"  from  the  city  of  Chicago,  you  have  shown  an  unexpected  and 
high  appreciation  of  the  extra  labor  which  will  naturally  devolve  upon  us. 

In  providing  for  106  women,  with  alternates,  you  have  made  the. 
grandest  recognition  of  equality  possible. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  41 

In  deciding  that  these  women  should   come   from   every   State   and  FiretjjeB- 
Territory,  and  from  the  District  of  Columbia,  yon  have  nobly  remembered    sixth  Day 
that   woman    shared   with  man  the  dangers  and  hardships  in  the  pioneer 
period  of  this  country,  has  taken  with  him  every'step  in  the  progress  of 
this  nation,  and  is  entitled  to  share  with  him  the  honor  for  what  has  been 
accomplished. 

Thus  you  have  offered  the  grandest  and  most  fitting  opportunity  ever 
afforded  woman  to  demonstrate  her  ability  in  the  economic  world. 

We  respectfully  present  for  the  consideration  of  your  honorable  body 
the  following  resolutions: 

Resolved,  That  the  words  "  The  Woman's  Department "  be  changed 
to  the  name  designated  by  law  in  the  act  of  Congress,  viz.:  "The  Board 
of  Lady  Managers." 

Resolved,  That  the  "  Board  of  Lady  Managers  "  shall  hold  their  first 
meeting,  on  call  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Commission,  at  the  same  time 
and  in  the  same  city  that  the  Commission  shall  hold  its  next  meeting. 

Respectfully  submitted. 

MRS.  HOLBROOK,  DR.  JULIA  HOLMES  SMITH, 

Acting  Secretary.  Chairman. 

Per  F.  D. 


Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Perma-  Additional 

report  of 

nent  Organization,  made   the  following  additional  report  of  that  Commit-    mttteeon 

Perma- 

tee,  and  moved  its  adoption:  ££Szar" 

CHICAGO,  July  2,  1890. 

Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission: 
SIR:     The   Committee   on    Permanent   Organization  would  respect- 
fully suggest  the  amendment  of  the   following  committees  recommended 
in  a  previous  report: 

Amend  the  sixth  committee  to  read:  "Committee  on  Fine  Arts, 
consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners." 

Amend  the  seventh  committee  to  read:  "Committee  on  Science, 
History,  Literature,  and  Education,  consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commis- 
sioners." Respectfully, 

JAMES  A.   MCKENZIE, 

CJiairman. 

No  objection  being  offered,  the  amendments  and  report  were 
adopted. 

Mr.  McKenzie  also  presented  the  following  communication,  and 
moved  its  adoption  as  a  resolution: 


42  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

First   Ses-  CHICAGO,   July  2,   l8oO. 

sion-  '  J      J 

Day  Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission: 
TO  print  SIR:     The  Committee   on   Permanent  Organization  respectfully  ask 

tliere  ort  ^eave  °^  tne  Commission  to  have  printed  1,000  copies  of  the  report  to  be 
commit-  prepared  by  them  in  the  recess  of  the  Commission,  in  order  that  said 
mnn°ennfer  report  may  be  laid  upon  the  desk  for  the  information  of  members  of  the 


-  £ommjssjon  UpOn  the  day  of  their  reassembling. 

Respectfully, 

JAMES  A.    McKENziE, 

Chairman. 

The  motion  was  carried. 

Mr.  Exall,  of  Texas,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  Commission  do  now  proceed  with  the  special 
order  of  business  for  to-day  by  the  adoption  of  the  resolution  offered  by 
Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  to-wit:  that  the  site  proposed  by  the  Presi- 
dent and  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Chicago  Columbian  Exposition  be, 
and  the  same  is  hereby  formally  accepted  by  this  Commission. 

Mr.  Kerens,  of  Missouri,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Request  for  Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  War  be,  and  is  hereby  requested  to 

bi°n''s  s°erv-  detail  Col.   H.  C.   Corbin,  of  the  U.  S.  Army,   now   stationed  in  the  City 

ices.  • 

of  Chicago,  to  report  to  the  President  of  this  Commission,  with  a  view  to 
his  assignment  to  such  duties  as  the  President  of  this  Commission  may 
determine. 

The  resolution  was  adopted. 

Mr.  E.  B.  Fisher,  alternate  for  Michigan,  desired  to  have  it  made  a 
matter  of  record  that  he  was  present  during  the  day's  proceedings. 

Mr.  de  Young,  of  California,  offered  the  following  resolution  as  a 
substitute  for  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Exall,  of  Texas: 

Resolved,  That  the  Commission  reject  the  site  offered  by  the 
Directors  of  the  Columbian  Exposition.  We  request  them  to  submit  a 
site  to  this  Commission  where  the  Exposition  can  be  held  in  one  enclos- 
ure, without  any  side-shows  or  dismemberment  of  the  same. 

After  some  debate  the  resolution  was  withdrawn. 

Mr.  Rucker,  of  North  Dakota,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  when  the  subject  of  sites  for  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition  is  under  discussion,  that  an  opportunity  be  given  each  member 
of  the  Commission  to  express  his  views  regarding  the  same;  that  the  roll 
be  called,  and  each  Commissioner  be  limited  to  ten  minutes  unless 
extended  by  others  waiving  their  right  to  speak. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Bullene,  of  Missouri,  the  resolution  was  laid  upon 
the  table. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  43 

Mr.  Hirst,  of  Florida,  offered  the  following  resolution:  First  ses- 

sion— 

Resolved,  That,  in  the  discussion  of  a  site  for  the  World's  Fair,  no  Rule  of  de- 
member  shall  speak  more  than  once  on  the  subject  until  all  who  wish  to 
speak  have  had  the  opportunity. 

The  resolution  was  adopted. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  offered  the  following  resolution  : 

Resolved,  That  in  the  judgment  of  this  Commission  the  proposal  of 
the  so-called  Lake  Front  and  Jackson  Park  site  for  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Exposition  is  defective  and  unsatisfactory  in  the  following,  among 
other  particulars,  namely  : 

ist.  It  is  indefinite  and  uncertain  in  respect  of  the  lands  supposed 
to  be  tendered  for  occupancy  by  said  Exposition. 

2d.  Said  proposal  is  not  accompanied  by  any  evidence  that  the 
Board  of  Directors  have  any  control  of  or  legal  authority  to  tender  the 
lands  supposed  to  be  offered. 

3d.  Said  proposal  is  not  accompanied  by  any  evidence  that  the 
proposed  site  would  be  adequate  within  the  meaning  of  the  act  of  Con- 
gress in  facilities  of  transportation  and  in  sanitary  conditions. 

4th.  Said  proposal  is  not  accompanied  by  any  responsible  guarantee 
of  the  fulfillment  of  the  various  conditions  suggested  in  connection  with 
said  proposal,  such  as  the  proposed  line  of  free  transportation,  etc. ; 
therefore,  further, 

Resolved,  That  said  proposal  be  respectfully  returned  to  said  Board 
of  Directors  with  the  request  that  said  objections  be  removed  or  that  a 
site  be  presented  free  therefrom. 

The  motion  was  seconded  by  Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico. 

The  President  ruled  that,  as  the  special  order  should  now  come 
before  the  Commission,  the  resolution  of  Mr.  St.  Clair  was  out  of  order. 

Upon  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Exall,  of  Texas,  the  Commission  decided  c°?ondoefthe 
to  proceed  with  the  special  order. 

Mr.  Butt,  of  West  Virginia,  moved  to  strike  out  the  words  in  the 
resolution  of  Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  "  formally  accepted  by  this 
Commission,"  and  to  insert  in  lieu  thereof,  "  formally  rejected  by  this 
Commission." 

Mr.  Exall,  of  Texas,  requested  unanimous  consent  of  the  Commis- 
sion that  the  order  of  business  be  temporarily  suspended,  and  that  the 
gentlemen  connected  with  the  Chicago  Board  of  Directors  present  in  the 
room  be  now  requested  to  state  more  fully  the  position  at  present  arrived 
at,  that  the  Commission  may  thoroughly  understand  the  situation. 


44  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

rirat  scs-  Mr.  McDonald,  of  California,  made  the  same  request. 

Bion- 

f-          Mr-  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  moved  that  the  Commission  do  now  in- 
vite  the  members  of  the  Columbian   Exposition  to  the  privileges  of  the 

privileges 

floo?.e       fl°or  °f  tne  Commission  and  to  take  part  in  the  pending  discussion. 
The  motion  was  carried. 
[Vice-President  Waller  in  the  chair.] 

Mr.  T.  B.  Bryan  thereupon  addressed  the  Commission  at  length  in 
regard  to  the  proffered  site  of  the  Lake  Front  and  Jackson  Park. 

In  the  course  of  his  remarks,  Mr.  Bryan  introduced  the  following: 

STATE  OF    ILLINOIS,          ) 

COUNTY  OF  COOK,  >  ss. 

SOUTH  PARK  COMMISSIONERS.  ) 

I,  H.  W.  Harmon,  Secretary  of  the  Commissioners  aforesaid,  and 
custodian  of  its  records  and  files,  do  certify  that  the  following  is  a  true 
copy  of  the  resolution  adopted  by  the  said  Commissioners,  on  the  second 
day  of  July,  A.  D.  1890. 

WHEREAS,  It  appears  that  the  Directory  of  the  Columbian  Exposi- 
tion is  desirous  of  locating  the  same,  in  whole  or  in  part  in  Jackson  Park, 
be  it,  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  the  South  Park  Commissioners  that 
an  area  of  more  than  500  acres  therein  may  be  rendered  available  for 
such  purpose. 

IN  TESTIMONY  WHEREOF,  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  the  seal 
of  the  said  Commissioners,  this  second  day  of  July,  A.  D.  1890. 

H.  W.  HARMON, 
[SEAL]  Sec'y  of  the  South  Park  Commissioners. 

Also  the  following,  with  regard  to  the  practicability  of  filling  the 
Lake  Front: 

We,  the  undersigned  engineers  and  contractors,  desire  to  express  our 
opinion  that  the  area  called  for  by  the  resolution  adopted  by  the  Board  of 
Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  selecting  the  Lake  Front 
site,  can  be  prepared  in  ample  time  and  in  such  manner  as  to  meet  all  the 
requirements  of  the  Exposition. 

ISHAM   RANDOLPH,  Civil  Engineer, 

Chicago  Dredging  and  Dock  Co,, 

F.  Davis,   Manager. 
O.  B.   GREEN, 
ANDREW    ONDERDONK, 
CHAS.   FITZ  SIMONS, 
SAM'L  G.  ARTINGSTALL, 
WM.   SOOY  SMITH. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  45 

Following  Mr.  Bryan,  Mr.  Ferd.  W.  Peck  addressed  the  Commission  Ffsr,on_?es' 

,   .  Sixth  Day. 

upon  the  same  subject. 

Pending  consideration  of -the  special  order,  viz.:  the  resolution  of 
Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  offered  the  follow- 
ing amendment  : 

"and  that  all  questions  about  title  of  said  site  and  facilities  of  trans- 
portation, etc.,  etc.,  be  referred  to  a  committee  of  ten,  to  be  appointed  by 
the  President  of  the  Commission,  and  said  committee  shall  be  directed  to 
report  at  the  next  meeting  of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  Martindale  accepted  this  amendment  to  his  resolution. 
Mr.  Holliday,  of  Kansas,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  Commission  that  a  divided  site 
for  the  World's  Exposition  will  not  be  conducive  to  the  best  interests  of 
State  exhibits — nor  the  Exposition  as  a  whole. 

Ruled  out  of  order. 

Mr.  Strong,  alternate  from  Tennessee,  offered  the  following  amend- 
ment: 

Resolved,  That  in  our  judgment  a  people  who  have  the  pluck  and 
brains  to  raise  ten  millions  of  dollars  for  a  fair,  have  sense  enough  to 
know  the  best  location  for  the  same. 

The  resolution  was   read,  but  ruled  out  of  order. 

The  call  of  the  roll  was  then  demanded  upon  the  resolution  as 
amended.  Pending  the  call,  the  amendment  of  Mr.  Butt,  of  West  Vir- 
ginia, to  strike  out  the  words  "  formally  accepted,"  and  insert  the  words 
"  formally  rejected,"  was  voted  upon  and  was  lost. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Price,  of  Kansas,  the  Commission  then  proceeded 
to  the  call  of  the  roll  by  States  upon  the  special  order,  viz.:  The  resolu- 
tion of  Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  as  follows: 

Resolved,    That  the  site  proposed  by  the  President  and  the  Directors  committee 
of  the  Chicago  Columbian   Exposition    for   the    holding  of  the  World's    lacnmes 
Columbian    Exposition  be,  and  the   same  is,   formally  accepted    by  this 
Commission,  and  that  all  questions  about   the   title  of  said  site  and  facili- 
ties of  transportation,    etc.,    be    referred    to    a    committee  of  ten,  to  be 
appointed  by  the  President  of  the  Commission,  and  said  committee  shall 
be  directed  to  report  at  the  next  meeting  of  the  Commission. 

The  roll  was  called,  and  the  resolution  was  adopted  by  the  following 
vote: 

AYES. — Bullock,    Palmer,  Kerens,  Allen,  Widener,  Exall,    McDonald,  v°j£e°^ .the 
Hundley,  Bromberg,  de  Young,  Forsyth,  Skiff,  Goodell,  Waller,  Brainard,    thesite. 
Turnbull,     Hirst,     McLaws,    Way,    Ewing,    Deere,    Martindale,    Garvin, 


46  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Flrion-es"  Km&>  Buchanan,  Price,  Holliday,  McKenzie,  Bennett,  Penn,  Woodward, 
Day"  Breed,  Proctor,  Lane,  Richmond,  Tousley;  Harrison,  Saunders,  Bynum, 
Bullene,  Hershfield,  Mitchell,  Scott,  Martin,  Haines,  Russell,  Van  Dyke, 
Smith,  Thacher,  Breslin,  Keogh,  Rucker,  Ryan,  Platt,  Ritchie,  Hallock, 
Sims,  Roche,  Coit,  Mclntyre  of  South  Dakota,  Strong,  Williams,  Hurt, 
Cochran,  Dickinson,  Mclntyre  of  Vermont,  Smalley,  Harris,  Groner, 
Hopkins,  Drum,  Mitchell,  Allen,  Coats,  Zeckendorf,  Stearns,  Gutierres, 
Lannan,  Beckwith,  Hay,  Miles — 81. 

NOES. — Porter,  Massey,  Klippel,  Wilkins,  Day,  St.  Clair,  Butt,  Man- 
ning, White,  Ferry,  and  Beeson — u. 

Absent  or  not  voting:  Lindsay,  Adams,  Bixby,  Davis,  Hodges, 
Lowndes,  Jones,  McDuffie,  Aiken,  McClelland,  Goff,  Britton,  and  Wil- 
son— 13. 

Excused  from  voting:     Gregg — i. 

Mr.  McDonald,  of  California,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

WHEREAS,  The  Commission  has,  under  the  act  of  Congress,  pro- 
vided for  the  establishment  of  a  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  and  no  com- 
pensation has  been  arranged  for  said  Lady  Managers,  therefore  be  it 

JZesolved,  That  a  committee  of  five  be  appointed  by  the  President 
immediately  to  wait  upon  Congress  and  arrange  for  an  appropriation  for 
the  ladies  appointed  on  this  Board  of  Lady  Managers. 

Referred  to  the  Judiciary  Committee. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  the  Commission  adjourned 
until  ten  o'clock  to-morrow  morning,  July  3,  1890. 


First  Session— Seventh  Day,  Thursday,  July  3,  1890. 

First ses-  The  Commission  met  at   10   o'clock  A.  M.,  pursuant  to   adjournment. 

slon— 

!fayenth     President  Palmer  in  the  Chair. 

The  President  directed  the  members  of  the  Commission  to  fill  out 
and  make  oath  to  their  vouchers  for  services  and  expenses,  and  to  hand 
them  to  the  Secretary,  in  order  that  they  might  be  certified  by  the  President 
and  forwarded  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  for  payment. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  moved  that  the  President  have  the  power 
to  call  together  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization  at  such  time 
as  he  sees  fit  before  the  next  meeting  of  the  Commission.  The  motion 
was  seconded  by  Mr.  Cochran,  of  Texas,  and  was  carried. 

The  Secretary  read  the  minutes  of  the  sixth  day's  proceedings,  and, 
on  motion  of  Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  they  were  approved. 

The  following  communication  was  read  by  the  Secretary: 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  47 

CHICAGO,  July  3,  1890. 
ISABELLA  TO  COLUMBUS. 

A  cordial  invitation  is  hereby  extended  to  the  members  of  the 
World's  Columbian  Commission  to  call  at  any  time  at  the  headquarters  of 
the  Queen  Isabella  Association,  Room  209,  70  State  Street,  that  each 
Commissioner  shall  be  able  to  take  back  to  the  women  of  his  State  a  per- 
sonal knowledge  of  the  objects  and  methods  of  the  work  of  the  Queen 
Isabella  Association,  incorporated  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Illinois, 
August  17,  1889,  for  the  expressed  purpose  of  advancing  the  interests  of 
women  at  the  World's  Fair. 

By  order  of  the  Directors, 

DR.  FRANCES  DICKINSON, 

Secretary. 
On  motion  of  Mr.  Price,  of  Kansas,  the  invitation  was  accepted. 

Mr.  Skiff,  of  Colorado  (by  request),  presented  the  following  com- 
munication: 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  July  3,  1890. 
To  the  World*  s  Columbian  Commission: 

I  have  made  a  proposition  to  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition 
Directors,  and  which  they  favorably  consider,  to  place  an  underground 
mineral  display  of  great  size  and  magnificence  at  the  World's  Fair. 

A  shaft,  fifty  feet  by  twelve,  five  hundred  feet  in  depth,  the  finest 
ever  constructed.  A  corridor,  seven  hundred  feet  by  forty,  circling  around 
from  one  side  the  shaft  to  the  other,  that  in  magnificence  would  be  a 
dream  of  beauty.  Outside  of  this  corridor  a  succession  of  drifts,  show- 
ing the  gold,  silver,  copper,  iron,  lead,  coal,  and  salt  mines  of  our  country 
"in  place,"  so  that  the  observer  could  not  only  see  the  various  kinds  of 
ore,  but  the  position  in  which  it  is  found  in  nature.  The  proposition  con- 
templates a  vast  expenditure  of  money  and  an  enormous  amount  of 
labor.  It  should  have  over  two  years  time  for  the  proper  construction.  It 
needs  but  two  hundred  by  one  hundred  and  twenty-five  feet  of  surface 
ground. 

If  the  management  desire,  it  shall  cost  nothing  to  the  Association, 
in  case  a  charge  for  admission  is  allowed,  and  I  feel  that  no  other  single 
attraction  would  bring  as  many  people  to  the  Fair  as  this. 

Will  this  Commission  kindly  designate  a  committee  to  confer  with 
myself  and  the  local  committees,  with  a  view  of  granting  a  permission,  or 
giving  me  such  assurances  as  to  enable  me  to  proceed  with  the  organi- 
zation? A  delay  until  late  in  the  fall  means  a  loss  of  valuable  time  and 
great  expense,  If  any  great  buildings  or  engineering  feat  is  to  be  a 
feature  at  the  Fair,  no  time  is  to  be  lost.  The  local  Committees  do  not 
feel  like  acting  without  consulting  with  the  (Commission.  I  would  give 
further  details,  but  fear  of  occupying  valuable  time  restrains  me. 

ED.  F.  BROWNE, 

Mining  Engineer. 


48  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

First^es-  Mr.  Goodell,  of  Colorado,  offered  the  following  resolution  on  the 

Mvyenth     same  subject: 

Resolved,  That  the  President  of  the  Commission  appoint  a  special 
committee  to  consult  with  the  local  committees  and  perfect  such  plan  of 
details  as  to  the  manner  in  which  such  an  exhibition  as  proposed  by  Col. 
Ed.  F.  Browne  should  be  regulated  and  controlled,  and  report  at  the  next 
meeting  of  this  Commission  ;  such  committee  to  consist  of  three  Com- 
missioners. 

select  com-          The  resolution  was  adopted,  and  Mr.  Deere,  of  Illinois,  Mr.  Rich- 

mittee  on 

filhibft.  rnond,  of  Michigan,  and  Mr.  Phillip  Allen,  Jr.,  of  Wisconsin,  were 
appointed  as  a  special  committee  to  consider  this  matter. 

The  following  communication  was  read  by  the  Secretary  : 

Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

SIR:  I  have  the  honor  to  inform  you  that  I  shall  be  unable  to  attend 
the  Commission  on  July  3,  1890,  and  have  so  advised  my  alternate,  Mr. 
E.  B.  Fisher,  of  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.  I  am,  sir, 

M.  HENRY  LANE, 

Commissioner  from  Michigan. 

The  President  stated  that,  in  the  absence  of  instructions,  Mr.  Fisher 
would  act  in  the  place  and  be  entitled  to  all  the  privileges  of  Mr.  Lane. 
There  being  no  objection,  it  was  so  ordered. 

Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Per- 
manent Organization,  submitted  the  following  report  : 

Additional  The  Sub-Committee  of  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization 

thepcom-    will  meet  at  the  Continental  Hotel,  Philadelphia,  on  the  third  Tuesday 

nemfor     *n  ^s  month,  and  they  respectfully  ask  authority  to  cable  for  a  full  set 

tkm!za~      of  the  reports  of  the  Paris  Exposition,  and  to  obtain  the  benefit  of  such 

expert  testimony  as  in  their  judgment  maybe  necessary;  and  the  expense 

attending  this  investigation,  including  the  necessary  expense  of  traveling 

incurred  by  the  Committee,  shall  be  defrayed  out  of  the  appropriation  of 

Congress. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  McKenzie,  seconded  by  Mr.  Mclntyre,  of  South 
Dakota,  the  report  was  adopted. 

Slmi?teeof  The  f°ll°wmg  Commissioners  were  announced  as  the  Sub-Committee: 

mtttee'on  Mr.  Widener,  of  Pennsylvania;  Mr.  Breslin,  of  New  York;   Mr.   Kerens, 

Perma- 

ganUi-"  of  Missouri;  Mr.  Harrison,  of  Minnesota;  Mr.  Ewing,  of  Illinois,  and,  by 
resolution  of  the  full  Committee,  the  Chairman,  Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Ken- 
tucky, was  added  to  this  Sub-Committee. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  49 

Mr.  Brainard,  of  Connecticut,  offered  the  following  resolution:  First  ses- 

sion— 

Resolved,  That  this  Commission  is  satisfied  that  the  World's  Colum-    Day!nth 
bian    Exposition    of    Chicago    has    an    actual,    bona    fide,    and    valid 
subscription  to  its  capital  stock  which  will  secure  the  payment  of  at  least  Endorse- 
five  million  dollars,  of  which  not  less  than  five  hundred  thousand  dollars    c?aeifistatus 
has  been  paid  in,  and  that  the  further  sum  of  five  million  dollars,  making 
in  all  ten  million  dollars,  will  be  provided  by  said  corporation  in  ample 


time  for  its  needful  use  during  the  prosecution  of  the  work  for  the  com- 
plete preparation  of  said   Exposition. 

The  resolution  was  adopted. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  alternate  members  of  the  Commission  shall  have  Alternates 
all  the  rights  and  privileges  of  Commissioners  except  the  right  to  vote    anddutles- 
when  their  principals  are  present. 

The  resolution  was  adopted. 

Mr.  McDonald,  of  California,  called  up  a  resolution  which  he  had 
offered  immediately  before  adjournment  yesterday,  viz.: 

WHEREAS,  The  Commission  has,  under  the  Act  of  Congress,  pro- 
vided for  the  establishment  of  a  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  and  no 
compensation  has  been  arranged  for  said  Lady  Managers,  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  a  committee  of  five  be  appointed  by  the  President  im- 
mediately to  wait  upon  Congress  and  arrange  for  an  appropriation  for  the 
ladies  appointed  on  this  Board  of  Lady  Managers. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  the  resolution  was  referred 
to  the  Special  Committee  appointed  to  report  upon  the  powers  of  the 
Commission. 

Mr.  Cochran,  of  Texas,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  be,  and  they  are  hereby 
declared  and  constituted  officers  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission, 
and  as  such  shall  receive  the  compensation  of  six  dollars  per  diem  and 
traveling  expenses. 

Referred  to  the  Committee  on  Judiciary. 

Mr.  Ritchie,  of  Ohio,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  a  committee,  to  be  known  as  the  Committee  on  Ma- 
chinery and  Motive  Power,  be  added  to  the  standing  committees,  to  consist 
of  eight  Commissioners. 

Referred  to  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization. 

Mr.  Holliday,  of  Kansas,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  in  consideration  of  the  efficient  services  rendered  this 
Commission  by  Mr.  E.  M.  Smith,  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission  be 
authorized  to  pay  to  Mr.  E.  M.  Smith  $200  for  such  services  from  the 
funds  appropriated  for  the  expense  of  this  Commission. 


50  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

es-  After  some  discussion,  this  resolution  was  referred  to  the   Auditing 

r>avy?nth    Committee. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Recess.       .         Resolved,  That  when  this  Commission  take  a  recess  to-day,   it  shall 
take  a  recess  until  Wednesday,  the  8th  day  of  October,  at  noon,  1890, 
unless  sooner  convened  on  call  by  the  President. 
The  resolution  was  adopted. 


The  President  appointed  the  following  committees: 
Members  of          Committee  on   Titles,   Local   Facilities,   etc.:     Mr.  Groner,  of  Vir- 

Committee 

;les-  ginia;  Mr.  Ewing,  of  Illinois;  Mr.  Butt,  of  West  Virginia;  Mr.  Garvin, 
of  Indiana;  Mr.  Skiff,  of  Colorado;  Mr.  Williams,  of  Tennessee;  Mr. 
Ferry,  of  Utah;  Mr.  Hundley,  of  Alabama;  Mr.  Brainard,  of  Connecticut; 
Mr.  Ryan,  of  North  Dakota. 

Mr.  Skiff  obtained  permission  for  his  alternate,  Mr.  O.  C.  French,  to 
attend  the  meetings  of  this  Committee  in  his  absence. 
Members  of          The   Judiciary  Committee:  Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware;  Mr.   Lindsav 

Judiciary  J  J  Ji 

tee-of  Kentucky;  Mr.  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey;  Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia; 
Mr.  Smalley,  of  Vermont;   Mr.  Gregg,  of  Arkansas. 

At  the  request  of  Mr.  Massey,  which  was  unanimously  agreed  to, 
the  name  of  Mr.  Lindsay,  of  Kentucky,  was  placed  first  on  the  Com- 
mittee. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  Special  Committee  appointed  to  consider  and 
report  on  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  Commission  be,  and  they  are 
hereby  authorized  and  empowered  to  sit  during  the  recess  of  the  Com- 
mission, at  such  times  and  places  as  they  may  designate,  for  a  perform- 
ance of  their  duty,  and  shall  also  have  the  power  to  employ  a  stenog- 
rapher. 

Resolved,  further,  That  the  Special  Committee  shall  cause  1,000  copies 
of  its  report  to  be  printed  in  convenient  form,  and  have  the  same  ready 
for  distribution  among  the  Commissioners  on  the  first  day  of  the  next 
meeting  of  the  Commission. 

•The  resolution  was  adopted. 

Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Co^IFotrest-  WHEREAS,  The  forestry  interests  of  our  country,  including  therein  the 
practical  branches  of  the  timber  and  lumber  production,  are  among  the 
most  important  of  our  domestic  industries,  the  lumber  product  ranking 
third  in  financial  value,  and  only  exceeded  by  agriculture  and  manu- 
factures, and 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  51 

WHEREAS,  These  interests  are  separate  from  any  others,  are  capable  First  _ses 
of  making  a  large,  attractive,  and  instructive  display  at  the  Exposition,  |ea%yenth 
and  ought  to  have  independent  representation,  therefore 

Resolved,  That  a  committee  of  eight  Commissioners  be  appointed  by 
the  Chairman,  to  be  known  as  the  Committee  on  Forestry  and  Lumber 
Exhibit,  to  have  charge  of  such  department. 

The  President  stated  that,  under  the  rules,  this  resolution  would 
have  to  be  referred  without  debate  to  the  Committee  on  Permanent 
Organization. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  moved  the  suspension  of  the  rules 
and  the  adoption  of  the  resolution. 

The  rules  were  suspended,  and  the  resolution  was  adopted. 
Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  Committee  on  Titles  and  Local  Facilities  be 
allowed  to  sit  during  the  recess  of  the  Commission,  and  to  employ  a 
stenographer. 

The  resolution  was  adopted. 

Mr.  Strong,  of  Tennessee,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  President  appoint  a  committee  of  six  to  fix  the 
salaries  of  the  officers  and  others  in  the  employ  of  this  Commission,  and 
report  to  this  body  their  action  for  ratification  or  rejection  after  the  recess 
which  this  Commission  is  now  about  to  take. 

After  discussion,  the  resolution  was  referred  to  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Hundley,  of  Alabama,  seconded  by  Mr.  Cochran, 
of  Texas,  the  vote  by  which  the  claim  of  Mr.  Edwin  M.  Smith,  for  $200, 
was  referred  to  the  Auditing  Committee  was  reconsidered,  and  the  Sec- 
retary was  directed  to  pay  the  claim,  which  was  for  preliminary  work 
done  by  Mr.  Smith  in  preparing  temporary  headquarters  for  the  Com- 
mission. 

The  President  requested,  for  his  benefit  and  information,  that  each 
member  of  the  Commission  furnish  him,  through  the  Secretary,  a  concise 
biographical  sketch,  embodying  the  date  and  place  of  birth,  where  and 
how  educated,  in  what  business  or  profession  the  members  have  engaged, 
what  public  positions  they  have  held,  and  on  what  committees  each 
Commissioner  prefers  to  serve. 

Mr.  Goodell,  of  Colorado,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Permanent 
Headquarters,  submitted  the  following  report: 


52  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

First  ses-    Hon.  THOMAS  W.  PALMER,  President  of  the  World's  Columbian  Com- 

sion  — 

seveuth  mission: 


Rth°rcom-  ^ne  Committee  appointed  to  procure  suitable  and  permanent  head- 

Pe^manent  Quarters  f°r  tne  World's  Columbian   Commission,  and  to  report   their 
quarters,    action  to  the  Commission,  do  respectfully  recommend: 

First  —  That  the  offices  of  the  President,  Secretary,  and  Executive 
Committee  be  located  in  the  Pullman  Building,  which,  in  their  judgment, 
is  central,  well  ventilated,  and  fitted  with  every  convenience  and  modern 
improvement.  The  prices  charged  for  these  three  offices  are  the  same 
demanded  of  any  other  corporation  or  private  individual.  There  is  a 
portion  of  this  building  now  under  rent  to  the  War  Department,  and  it  is, 
in  their  judgment,  a  suitable  location  for  the  permanent  offices. 

Second  —  Should  the  Commission  require  further  accommodations  for 
its  various  committees,  rooms  adjoining,  and  suitable  to  the  work  of  the 
committees,  will  be  provided  at  the  fixed  schedule  of  prices. 

Third  —  In  view  of  the  fact  that  the  entire  Commission  will  not,  in  all 
probability,  be  summoned  to  Chicago  very  frequently  during  the  next 
year,  the  Committee  recommend  that  no  hall  be  rented  at  present,  but 
that  the  Secretary  be  empowered,  upon  consultation  with  the  President, 
to  procure  and  provide  such  a  hall  whenever  the  Commission  is  called 
together. 

Fourth,  The  Committee,  however,  is  empowered  by  the  Second  Vice- 
President  of  the  Chicago  Board  (Mr.  Potter  Palmer)  to  offer  to  the  Com- 
mission for  its  temporary  or  permanent  meetings  the  club-room  of  the 
Palmer  House,  with  a  seating  capacity  of  from  200  to  275.  This  is  a 
very  commodious  and  central  location,  and  the  only  objection  to  it  is  that 
the  public-spirited  Vice-President,  Mr.  Potter  Palmer,  refuses  any  com- 
pensation for  its  use. 

Having  completed  its  duties,  which  were  simply  to  recommend  suit- 
able quarters,  your  Committee  asks  that  the  President  and  Secretary  be 
empowered  to  complete  the  negotiations  during  the  adjournment  of  the 
Commission,  and  that  they  may  be  discharged  from  the  further  considera- 
tion of  the  subject. 

R.  E.  GOODELL,  Chairman, 
CHARLTON  H.  WAY, 
C.  H.  DEERE. 

Mr.  Goodell  also  stated  for  the  Committee  that  Messrs.  Drake,  Parker 
&  Co.,  proprietors  of  the  Grand  Pacific  Hotel,  offered,  free  of  charge  to 
the  Commission,  the  same  facilities  for  meeting  which  the  Commission 
has  enjoyed  during  the  present  session. 

The  written  and  verbal  report  of  the  Committee  was  unanimously 
adopted. 


Minutes  of  the  First  Session.  53 

Mr.  McDonald,  of  California,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  First  ses- 

slon— 

was  unanimously  adopted:  Dayenth 

Resolved,  That  the  sincere  thanks  of  the  World's  Columbian  Com- 
mission are  hereby  tendered  to  Messrs.  Drake,  Parker  &  Co.,  the  propri- 
etors of  the  Grand  Pacific  Hotel,  Chicago,  for  the  free  use  of  the  rooms 
so  generously  tendered  to  this  Commission  for  its  meetings  and  business 
purposes,  and  that  this  resolution  be  entered  upon  the  official  minutes 
of  the  proceedings  of  this  Commission. 

Mr.  Kerens,  of  Missouri,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,    That  the  thanks  of  this  Commission  be  and  are  hereby  Thanks  to 

Officers. 

tendered  to  the  President,  Secretary,  and  other  officers  of  the  Commis- 
sion, for  the  impartial  and  uniform  consideration  shown  to  all  the 
members  of  the  Commission. 

The  resolution  was  unanimously  adopted. 
Mr.  Strong,  of  Tennessee,  offered  the  following  resolution: 
Resolved,  That  our  thanks  are  due  and  are  hereby  given  to  the  soci- 
eties, clubs,  and   the  citizens  of  Chicago  in  general,  who  have  so  hand- 
somely entertained  us  during  our  stay  in  this  city,  and  that  we  especially 
thank  the  members  of  the  press  for  their  aid  and  kindness  to  this  Com- 
mission. 

The  resolution  was  unanimously  adopted. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  moved  that  the  Committee  on  By- 
Laws,  when  appointed,  shall  have  authority  to  sit  during  the  recess  of  the 
Commission,  and  be  given  power  to  employ  a  stenographer. 

The  motion  was  carried. 

In  accordance  with  the  resolution  previously  adopted  at  this  session,  FigI£)tnSes- 
on  motion  of  Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  the  Commission  took  a  recess    adjou 
until  12  o'clock  noon,  October  8,  1890,  unless  sooner  called  together  by 
.the  President. 


OFFICIAL    MINUTES 

OF      THE 

World's  Columbian  Commission 


Second  Session— First  Day,  Monday,  Sept.  15,  1890. 

The  Commission  met  at   12  noon,  September  i5th,  in  the  Andrews secon^ 
Hall,  215  Wabash  Avenue,  in  accordance  with  the  following  call  of  the    ay' 
President,  which  was  mailed  to  each  of  the  Commissioners  on  August  8, 
1890: 

I  am  directed  by  President  Palmer  to  notify  you  that  he  has  decided  c*Jefe<gng 
to   reconvene  the   World's  Columbian  Commission,  in   this  city,   at   12 
o'clock  noon,  Monday,  September  15,   1890,  and  this  is  to  notify  you  to 
be  present  at  said  meeting. 

Very  truly  yours, 

JOHN  T.  DICKINSON, 

Secretary. 

At  the  invitation  of  the  President,  Rev.  David  Swing,  D.  D.,  offered 
prayer. 

The  roll  was  called,  and  the  following  Commissioners  and  Alter- 
nates were  present : 

COMMISSIONERS- AT-LARGE. — California,  M.  L.  McDonald;  Kentucky,  Roii-caiL 
W.  Lindsay;  Massachusetts,  A.  G.  Bullock;  Michigan,  T.  W.  Palmer;  Mis- 
souri,  R.  C.  Kerens;  New  York,    G.  W.  Allen;  Pennsylvania,  P.  A.  B. 
Widener;  Texas,  H.  Exall. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  STATES. — Alabama,  F.  G.  Bromberg,  O.  R. 
Hundley;  Arkansas,  J.  D.  Adams,  L.  Gregg;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F. 
J.  V.  Skiff;  Connecticut,  Leverett  Brainard,  T.  M.  Waller;  Delaware, 
G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H.  Porter;  Florida,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turnbull;  Georgia,  L. 
McLaws,  C.  H.  Way;  Idaho,  G.  A.  Manning;  Illinois,  A.  T.  Ewing; 
Indiana,  T.  E.  Garvin,  E.  B.  Martindale;  Iowa,  W.  I.  Buchanan,  W.  F, 

55 


56  World}  s  Columbian  Commission. 


Sese°ssfon-  ^ing;  Kansas,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  F.  W.  Lanyon,  alternate;  Kentucky, 
Km  Day.  j  Bennettj  j  A  McKcnzie;  Louisiana,  D.  B.  Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon, 
alternate;  Maine,  A.  R.  Bixby,  C.  S.  Edwards,  alternate;  Maryland,  G. 
M.  Upshur,  alternate;  Massachusetts,  F.  W.  Breed;  Michigan,  M.  H. 
Lane;  Minnesota,  M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V,  Tousley;  Mississippi,  J.  M. 
Bynum,  R.  L.  Saunders;  Missouri,  T.  B.  Bullene;  Montana,  L.  H. 
Hershfield;  Nebraska,  Euclid  Martin,  A.  G.  Scott;  Nevada,  J.  W.  Haines, 
G.  Russell;  New  Hampshire,  F.  E.  Kaley,  alternate;  New  Jersey,  W.  J. 
Sewell,  T.  Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H.  Breslin,  alternate; 
North  Carolina,  A.  B.  Andrews,  T.  B.  Keogh;  North  Dakota,  H.  P. 
Rucker,  M.  Ryan;  Ohio,  W.  Ritchie,  L.  C.  Cron,  alternate;  Oregon 
M.  Wilkins;  Pennsylvania,  W.  McClelland,  J.  W.  Woodside;  Rhode 
Island,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina,  E.  L.  Roche,  alternate;  South 
/  Dakota,  M.  H.  Day;  Tennessee,  R.  Strong,  A.  B.  Hurt,  alternates; 
Texas,  A.  M.  Cochran,  J.  T.  Dickinson;  Vermont,  H.  H.  Mclntyre, 

B.  B.    Smalley;    Virginia,    V.    D.    Groner,    J.    T.    Harris;    Washington, 

C.  B.  Bagley,  alternate;  West  Virginia,  J.  D.  Butt,  J.  W.  St.  Clair;  Wis- 
consin, P.  Allen,  Jr.;  Wyoming,  H.  G.  Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate;  Ari- 
zona, G.  F.  Coats;  New  Mexico,  T.  C.  Gutierres,  R.  M.  White;  Oklahoma, 
O.  Beeson,  J.   D.   Miles;  Utah,   P.   H.  Lannan,  W.   M.    Ferry,   alternate; 
District  of  Columbia,  A.  A.  Wilson,  E.  K.  Johnson,  alternate.  —  Total,  85. 

Mr.  Way,  of  Georgia,  moved  that  the  Commissioners  proceed  to  draw 
seats  by  lot. 

Mr.  Cochran,  of  Texas,  moved  to  amend  the  motion  so  that  the 
drawing  would  be  by  States. 

Mr.  McDonald,  of  California,  suggested  that  the  amendment  provide 
for  giving  precedence  to  the  Commissioners-at-Large,  as  representing 
the  United  States,  which  was  accepted.  The  amendment  prevailed,  and 
the  original  motion  as  amended  was  adopted. 

By  direction  of  the  President  the  drawing  proceeded,  after  reserving 
the  first  eight  numbers  for  the  Commissioners-at-Large. 

The  minutes  of  the  last  meeting,  Thursday,  July  3d,  were  approved 
and  adopted. 

Secretary  Dickinson  submitted  the  following  report: 

Reportof  OFFICE    OF    THE    SECRETARY    OF    THE    WORLD'S    COLUMBIAN 

tteysecre"  COMMISSION. 

CHICAGO,  September  15,  1890. 
To  the   World's  Columbian  Commission: 

GENTLEMEN:    In  compliance  with  resolution  of  the  Commission  at  its 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  57 

last  meeting,  that  the  offices  of  the  President  and  Secretary  and  Execu-  second 
tive  Committee  be  located  in  the  Pullman  Building,  the  Secretary  imme-    First  Day. 
diately  after  the  adjournment  of  the  Commission  engaged  suite  No.  905, 
in  said  building,  which   he  occupied  until  September  ist.     On  that  date 
the  suite  Nos.  603   604,  and  605  was  engaged  for  the  use  of  the  Secre- 
tary's office  and   for  the  several  committees  called  to  meet  before  the 
assembling  of  the  Commission,  and  suite  No.  905   was  prepared  for  the 
use  of  the  President,  which  he  now  occupies. 

In  further  compliance  with  the  resolution  above  referred  to,  after 
consultation  with  the  President  and  examination  of  the  various  halls  near 
the  leading  hotels,  I  accepted  a  proposition  of  A.  H.  Andrews  &  Co.  to 
furnish  this  hall  with  desks,  build  a  rostrum  and  otherwise  arrange  for 
this  meeting,  for  ten  dollars  per  day,  giving  the  Commission  exclusive 
use  of  the  hall  day  and  night  for  this  sum.  The  hall  has  been  decorated 
free  of  charge  by  the  Chicago  Costume  and  Decorating  Company. 

I  have  the  honor  to  submit  herewith  communication  from  Mr.  J.  H. 
Kingwill,  Assistant  Secretary  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  Asso- 
ciation, of  Chicago,  transmitting  copy  of  resolution  adopted  by  the  Local 
Directory,  September  9,  1890,  desiring  to  add  to  the  site  tendered  and 
accepted  July  ist  last  an  area  of  about  ninety  acres  of  the  north  or 
improved  portion  of  Jackson  Park,  and  also  the  area  known  as  Midway 
Plaisance,  adjoining  said  park,  containing  about  seventy  acres. 

In  compliance  with  resolution  of  the  Commission  at  its  last  meeting, 
I  have  had  prepared  a  handsome  commission  to  be  issued  to  the  Lady 
Managers  and  alternates  as  soon  as  all  the  Commissioners  have  handed 
in  their  nominations  and  the  President  announces  the  appointments. 

At  the  request  of  the  President  of  this  Commission,  the  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury  has  decided  that  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission  shall 
certify  to  all  the  accounts  of  the  Commission  for  payment  by  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury. 

For  the  information  of  the  Commission,  I  submit  herewith  the  accom- 
panying communications  from  the  Treasury  Department: 

No.  i.  Declining  to  pay  the  voucher  of  E.  M.  Smith  for  two  hundred 
dollars,  approved  by  the  resolution  of  the  Commission  at  its  last  meeting. 

No.  2.  Decision  of  the  Honorable  First  Comptroller  of  the  Treasury 
relative  to  the  payment  of  subsistence  and  traveling  expenses  to  alternate 
Commissioners  whose  principals  were  in  attendance  upon  a  portion  of 
the  same  session  during  which  their  accounts  accrued. 

No.  3.  Decision  rendered  to  Commissioner  Groner,  of  Virginia,  in 
reference  to  allowing  alternates  mileage  and  per  diem  where  their  Com- 
missioners attend  the  same  meeting  of  the  Commission. 


58  World? s  Columbian  Commission. 

SeseBsfon-  ^°'  4'     Telegram   from  tne    Honorable   First   Comptroller   of    the 

First  Day.  Treasury  deciding  that  Commissioners  can  elect  officers  from  their  own 
number. 

The  foregoing  are  about  the  most  important  matters  in  the  Secre- 
tary's office  for  immediate  consideration  by  the  Commission. 

As  the  Commission  at  its  last  meeting  took  no  action  in  reference  to 
the  expenses  of  the  Secretary's  office,  I  have  personally  paid  these 
expenses,  taking  receipts  therefor,  preferring  not  to  send  any  of  these 
vouchers  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  for  payment  until  the  Com- 
mission had  taken  some  official  action  authorizing  me  to  do  so. 

During  the  recess  of  the  Commission,  my  correspondence  with  the 
Commissioners  and  public  generally  has  been  somewhat  voluminous,  and 
I  desire  to  return  my  thanks  to  the  Commissioners  for  the  kind  and  court 
ecus  manner  with  which  they  have  treated  me.     I  have  the  honor  to  be, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

JOHN  T.  DICKINSON, 

Secretary. 


(Accompanying  the  Secretary's  Report.) 

FROM    THE    WORLD'S    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION. 

CHICAGO,  September  n,  1890. 

Hon.   JOHN    T.   DICKINSON,   Secretary  World's  Columbian  Commission, 
Chicago  : 

DEAR  SIR:  Will  you  kindly  communicate  to  your  Commission  at  its 
next  session  the  following  resolution,  unanimously  adopted  at  a  meeting  of 
the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  held  on 
Tuesday,  September  9,  1890: 

WHEREAS,  Uncertainty  seems  to  exist  throughout  the  community 
and  also  outside  of  Chicago  in  regard  to  the  site  for  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Exposition;  and, 

WHEREAS,  No  official  action  has  been  taken  by  this  Board  upon  the 
matter  of  site  inconsistent  with  the  proceedings  of  July  ist  last;  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  having  fully  considered  the  recent  reports  of  the  Com- 
mittee on  Buildings  and  Grounds  respecting  the  site  heretofore  selected, 
and  the  other  sites  which  have  been  offered,  the  Board  of  Directors  finds 
no  sufficient  reason  for  changing  its  position  evidenced  by  the  resolution 
unanimously  adopted  upon  said  July  ist  last,  the  terms  of  which  were 
concurred  in  and  accepted  on  the  following  day  by  the  National  Commission. 

Further  Resolved,  That  the  National  Commission  be  officially  informed 
that  this  Board  desires  to  add  to  the  site  tendered  and  accepted  July  ist 
last,  an  area  of  about  ninety  acres  of  the  north  or  improved  portion  of 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  59 

Jackson  Park,  and  also  the  area  known  as  Midway  Plaisance,  adjoining  Se^e°g°f6n__ 
said  park,  containing  about  seventy  acres.  rirst  Da* 

Respectfully  yours, 

J.  H.  KINGWILL, 

A  p  p  ro  ve  d :  Assistant  Secretary. 

LYMAN  J.  GAGE,  President. 


ACCOUNT  OF  E.  M.  SMITH. 

TREASURY  DEPARTMENT, 
OFFICE  OF  THE  SECRETARY, 
WASHINGTON,  D.  C.,  July  30,  1890. 

Mr.   JOHN    T.    DICKINSON,    Secretary    World's    Columbian  Commission, 
Chicago,  111.: 

SIR:  I  am  in  receipt  of  your  letter  of  the  26th  instant,  transmitting 
the  voucher  of  Mr.  E.  M.  Smith,  which  reads  as  follows:  "  For  services 
rendered  in  fitting  up  with  furniture,  etc.,  and  caring  for  the  room  occu- 
pied by  the  World's  Columbian  Commission  from  June  26  to  July  3, 
1890,  as  per  attached  approved  resolution  dated  July  3,  1890,  $200." 

I  must  decline  to  approve  the  account  without  a  more  specific  state- 
ment as  to  the  exact  service  performed  and  articles  furnished,  because, 
as  the  voucher  now  reads,  it  must  be  regarded  as  a  charge  for  personal 
services,  and  would,  for  the  period  mentioned,  amount  to  $25  per  day. 
This  is  regarded  as  an  exorbitant  charge. 

If  Mr.  Smith  provided  the  furniture  at  his  own  expense,  and  placed 
it  in  the  room  for  the  use  of  the  Commissign,  the  voucher  should  so  state. 
If,  however,  this  furniture  was  provided  by  the  proprietor  of  the  Grand 
Pacific  Hotel,  and  Mr.  Smith  merely  superintended  the  fitting  up  of  the 
room,  this  department  would  not  be  warranted  in  approving  the  account. 

The  resolution,  as  passed  by  the  Commission,  refers  to  services 
rendered.  It  is  questionable*  whether  any  services  rendered  prior  to 
June  26,  1890,  before  the  organization  of  the  Commission,  can  properly 
be  paid  for  under  the  resolution. 

Since  the  account  was  received  at  this  office,  a  protest  has  been 
filed  against  its  payment.  Accompanying  the  letter  of  protest  is  a  printed 
slip,  from  which  it  appears  that  as  early  as  May  26,  1890,  Mr.  Smith 
issued  a  circular,  which  reads  as  follows: 

THE  WORLD'S  EXPOSITION, 
HEADQUARTERS  OF  THE  NATIONAL  COMMISSION, 

Grand  Pacific  Hotel, 
EDMUND  M.  SMITH,  Acting  Sergcant-at-Arms. 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  May  26,  1890. 

DEAR  SIR:  The  proprietors  of  the  Grand  Pacific  Hotel  of  this  city, 
Messrs.  Drake,  Parker  &  Co.,  having  tendered  a  suitable  room  at  their 


60  World  s  Columbian  Commission  v 


8se2?on-  h°tel  f°r  use  as  an  °ffice>  and  f°r  meeting  purposes  of  the  World's 
Day.  Exposition  National  Commission,  as  also  for  use  as  headquarters  of  the 
Commission  until  such  time  as  the  organization  of  the  Commission  may 
be  perfected  and  arrangements  made  for  permanent  headquarters  for  the 
use  of  the  Commission  and  its  officers,  I  respectfully  notify  you  that 
you  will  receive  due  notice  of  the  first  meeting  of  the  National  Commis- 
sion at  these  headquarters.  Kindly  advise  me  a  reasonable  time  in 
advance  of  your  arrival  at  Chicago,  in  order  that  suitable  apartments 
may  be  reserved  and  ready  for  you  upon  your  arrival.  Please  acknowl- 
edge receipt. 

Yours  very  truly, 

EDMUND  M.  SMITH, 

Acting  Sergeant-at-Arms. 

If  it  be  true  that  such  a  circular  was  issued  by  Mr.  Smith,  he  was 
of  course  acting  without  authority,  and  although  his  services  may  have 
been  of  value  to  individual  members  of  the  Commission,  I  must  hold,  in 
view  of  the  information  now  in  my  possession,  that  no  payment  can  be 
made  to  Mr.  Smith  for  services  rendered  prior  to  June  26,  1890;  neither 
can  I  approve  the  payment  to  Mr.  Smith,  for  personal  services  alone,  of 
a  sum  representing  a  compensation  of  $25  per  diem. 

Respectfully  yours, 

W.    WlNDOM, 

Secretary. 


DECISION  OF  THE  FIRST  COMPTROLLER. 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C.,  August  5,  1890. 

Hon.  JOHN  T.  DICKINSON,    Secretary   World's   Columbian    Commission,. 
Chicago,  111. 

SIR:  For  your  information,  I  enclose  herewith  a  copy  of  the  decision 
of  the  Honorable  First  Comptroller,  rendered  July  21,  1890,  relative  to 
the  payment  of  subsistence  and  traveling  expenses  to  alternate  Commis- 
sioners whose  principals  were  in  attendance  upon  a  portion  of  the  same 
session  during  which  their  accounts  accrued. 

Respectfully  yours, 

FRED.  BRACKETT, 

Chief  Clerk. 


TREASURY  DEPARTMENT, 
FIRST  COMPTROLLER'S  OFFICE, 
WASHINGTON,  D.  C.,  July  21,  1890. 
Hon.  WILLIAM  WINDOM,  Secretary  of  the  Treasury: 

SIR:  In  reply  to  your  letter  of  the  i8th  inst.,  asking  my  opinion 
whether  a  Commissioner  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  and  his 
alternate  Commissioner  may  attend  the  same  meeting,  but  on  different 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  61 

days,  and  be  allowed  their  expenses,  the  following  is  respectfully  sub-  second 


First  Day. 

In  Section  3  of  the  act  of  April  25,  1890,  are  these  words:  "And  in 
the  same  manner  and  within  the  same  time  there  shall  be  appointed  two 
alternate  Commissioners  from  each  State  and  Territory  of  the  United 
States  and  the  District  of  Columbia,  who  shall  assume  and  perform  the 
duties  of  such  Commissioner  or  Commissioners  as  may  be  unable  to 
attend  the  meetings  of  said  Commissioners." 

It  is  my  opinion  that  these  words  provide  for  the  attendance  of  an 
alternate  when  the  Commissioner  of  the  same  political  party  and  from 
the  same  State  or  Territory  is  unable  to  attend  a  meeting  of  the  Com- 
missioners, but  they  do  not  provide  for  the  attendance  of  an  alternate  in 
the  absence  of  a  Commissioner  from  a  daily  session.  The  word 
"  meeting  "  in  this  connection  must  be  taken  to  include  the  whole  time 
from  the  assembling  of  the  Commissioners  in  Chicago  (or  the  place  of 
meeting)  until  final  adjournment,  and  not  as  applicable  to  daily  sessions. 

Perhaps  this  rule  should  not  be  applied  when  a  meeting  lasts 
for  —  say  —  several  weeks  and  a  Commissioner  after  attending  a  part  of 
the  meeting  is  compelled  to  be  absent  for  the  remaining  portion  of  the 
meeting  and  notifies  his  alternate  to  attend  and  thereupon  the  alternate 
appears  and  attends  for  a  considerable  portion  of  the  meeting.  Under 
such  circumstances  it  would  seem  a  hardship  not  to  allow  the  expenses 
of  the  alternate. 

It  has  been  suggested  that  this  rule  is  not  consistent  with  Section 
19  of  the  law.  That  section  provides  — 

"That  the  Commissioners  and  Alternate  Commissioners  appointed 
under  this  act  shall  not  be  entitled  to  any  compensation  for  their 
services  out  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States,  except  their  actual 
expenses  for  transportation  and  the  sum  of  six  dollars  per  day  for  sub- 
sistence for  each  day  they  are  necessarily  absent  from  their  homes  on 
the  business  of  said  Commission." 

An  alternate  is  not  "  necessarily  absent  from  his  home  on  the 
business  of  the  said  Commission,"  only  when  notified  that  his  presence 
is  required  by  his  principal.  If  he  should  be  otherwise  present  and 
render  service  at  the  sessions  of  the  Commission,  he  would  not  be  entitled 
to  pay,  under  the  law.  He  can  only  attend  the  meetings,  with  pay,  when 
his  principal  is  unable  to  attend. 

I  fully  concur  with  the  view  of  the  law  taken  by  you.  I  suggest, 
however,  the  propriety  of  the  payment  of  the  claims  of  Messrs.  Mercer 
and  Fischer,  in  view  of  the  fact  that  their  accounts  accrued  at  the  first 
meeting  of  the  Commission,  when  no  rule  had  been  announced  on  the 
subject,  and  when  the  law  was  not  fully  understood. 

Very  respectfully, 

A.  C.  MATTHEWS, 

Comptroller. 


62  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Second  LETTER   TO    COMMISSIONER    GRONER. 

First  Day. 

TREASURY  DEPARTMENT, 
FIRST  COMPTROLLER'S  OFFICE, 
WASHINGTON,  D.  C.,  September  4,  1890. 
General  V.  D.  GRONER,  Norfolk,  Virginia: 

Sir:  Your  letter  is  before  me,  and  in  reply  thereto  I  have  the  honor  to 
say  that  there  is  much  good  judgment  expressed  in  your  view  of  the 
question. 

The  regulations  provide  that  "no  expense  incurred  for  transportation 
or  subsistence  of  alternate  Commissioners  will  be  allowed  except  for  the 
period  during  which  they  assume  and  perform  the  duties  of  the  Com- 
missioner whom  they  represent,  and  when  the  principal  is  unable  to  attend 
the  called  meeting  in  connection  with  which  the  expense  is  incurred." 

In  your  case  you  notified  your  alternate  that  you  would  be  unable 
to  attend  the  meeting  of  the  Commission  on  the  26th  of  June,  and 
requested  him  to  attend,  which  he  did.  Your  request  was  his  authority 
to  attend,  and  authorizes  the  payment  of  his  attendance  and  expenses  to 
Chicago  and  return.  He  was  paid  from  June  23d  to  July  2d,  both  days 
inclusive,  at  $6  per  day.  He  was  entitled  to  this  sum  for  each  day  he  was 
necessarily  absent  from  his  home  on  the  business  of  the  Commission. 
This  would  include  his  reasonably  necessary  time  in  going  and  returning. 

On  the  26th  of  June  your  business  affairs  were  such  that  you  were 
unable  to  go  to  Chicago  in  person.  You  assumed  the  duties  of  the  office 
June  3oth,  and  remained  until  adjournment,  when  you  returned  to  Nor- 
folk, July  5th. 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  this  was  the  first  meeting  of  the  Commis- 
sion, I  think  your  course  was  warranted  by  the  circumstances,  and  your 
bill  will  be  paid  as  presented.  I  deem  it  expedient,  however,  to  state  that, 
hereafter,  when  an  Alternate  has  been  requested  prior  to  the  meeting  to 
attend,  as  a  Commissioner,  and  does  attend,  that  the  principal  will 
neither  be  allowed  transportation  or  per  diem  during  the  time  he  so 
attends,  and  for  such  time  as  the  Alternate  is  necessarily  absent  from 
his  home,  in  going  and  returning,  on  the  business  of  the  Commission. 
The  appropriation  will  not  warrant  double  expense  accounts.  The 
attendance  of  either  the  principal  or  the  Alternate  will  meet  the  require- 
ments of  the  law,  but  both  can  not  be  allowed  to  attend  at  the  expense 
of  the  Government  at  the  same  time. 

This  rule  can  work  no  embarrassment  or  confusion.  The  principal 
will  have  the  management  in  his  own  hands.  The  Alternate  will  not 
assume  to  attend  at  public  expense,  unless  directed  by  his  principal, 
and  the  principal  should  not  attend  himself  until  the  return  of  his 
Alternate.  This  will  prevent  all  clashing  by  putting  the  matter  in  the 
hands  of  the  parties  themselves. 

I  am,  sir,  very  respectfully,  Your  obedient  servant, 

A.  C.   MATTHEWS,  Comptroller. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session..  63 

[Telegram.]  second 

L  Session- 

First  Day. 

WASHINGTON,  D.  C.,  September  n,  1890. 

Hon.   JAS.  A.   McKENZiE,  Chairman  World's  Fair  Committee,  Pullman 
Building: 

No  such  decision  has  been  rendered;  on  the  contrary,  it  is  held  that 
the  Commissioners  may  elect  officers  from  among  their  own  members  who 
may  receive  such  compensation  as  the  Commission  may  fix  and  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury  approve.  The  question  of  whether  they  can 
receive  double  compensation  has  not  been  decided. 

A.  C.  MATTHEWS, 

Comptroller. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  it  was  voted  that'the  report 
of  the  Secretary,  with  the  accompanying  documents,  should  lie  upon 
the  table  and  be  printed  for  the  information  of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Permanent  Organization,  submitted  the  following  report : 

REP  OR  T  of  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization  through  its  Chair-  Report  of 

the  <Jom- 

man,  Hon.  Jas.  A.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  containing  an  Account  of 
the  Proceedings  of  said  Committee.  Submitted  to  the  Commission 
September  15,  1890. 

CHICAGO,  September  15,  1890. 

Hon.    THOMAS    W.    PALMER,    President    World's    Columbian    Commis- 
sion: 

SIR  :  The  Sub-Committee  of  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organi- 
zation, consisting  of  J.  A.  McKenzie,  Chairman,  P.  A.  B.  Widener,  R.  C. 
Kerens,  M.  B.  Harrison,  A.  T.  Ewing,  and  J.  H.  Breslin,  under  authority 
of  a  resolution  adopted  by  the  National  Commission  at  its  session  July  3, 
1890,  authorizing  the  Sub-Committee  to  meet  at  such  place  or  places,  and 
obtain  the  benefit  of  such  expert  testimony  as  in  their  judgment  might 
be  necessary  to  formulate  a  plan  of  organization  for  the  proper  conduct 
of  the  affairs  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  coupled  with  the 
authority  to  employ  a  stenographer  and  to  provide  for  the  expense  of  con- 
ducting such  investigation,  including  the  expense  of  such  traveling  as 
might  be  necessary  by  the  Committee,  etc.,  beg  leave  respectfully  to  report 
to  the  full  Committee  the  result  of  their  labors  : 

During  the  recess  of  the  National  Commission,  your  Sub-Committee 
have  held  a  series  of  meetings,  first  at  Philadelphia  on  the  3d  Tuesday 
of  July  last,  and  following  that  by  meetings  at  New  York,  Washington, 
Cincinnati,  and  Chicago,  looking  to  the  formulation  of  a  plan  of  organi- 
zation of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission  and  the  definition  of  the 
powers  and  duties  of  the  officers  and  various  committees  of  that  body. 
Deeply  impressed  with  the  responsibilities  of  the  delicate  and  difficult 


64  World?  s  Columbian  Commission. 

second  task  confided  to  us,  and  feeling  that  our  experience  had  not  specially 
First  Day.  trained  us  for  such  a  task,  we  deemed  it  wisest  to  seek  the  advice  of 
gentlemen  who  have  had  experience  in  the  management  of  enterprises 
similar  in  scope  and  design  to  the  one  in  which  we  are  engaged.  Fol- 
lowing this  idea,  we  naturally  went  to  Philadelphia  for  the  purpose  of 
consultation  with  the  surviving  members  of  the  Centennial  Commission 
of  1876,  who  inaugurated  and  conducted  the  most  successful  exhibition 
of  American  products,  and  the  progress  of  American  civilization,  ever 
held  on  this  continent.  We  asked  a  conference  with  the  surviving  mem- 
bers of  the  Centennial  Board  of  Finance  and  such  surviving  Com- 
missioners of  States  as  took  active  part  in  the  organization  and  conduct 
of  that  great  Exhibition,  as  could  be  brought  together  in  that  city. 
Through  the  courtesy  of  Mayor  Fitler,  of  Philadelphia,  a  meeting  was 
held  in  his  office  at  which  there  were  present:  Hon.  Thomas  Cochran, 
late  President  of  the  Centennial  Board  of  Finance;  Hon.  John  Baird, 
Hon.  \V.  V.  McKean,  Hon.  Amos  R.  Little,  Hon.  Frederick  Fraley,  Hon. 
Wm.  S.  Stokeley,  Hon.  Thomas  Donaldson,  Hon.  Mr.  Peyton,  and  Hon. 
Thomas  Dolan. 

These  gentlemen  were  interrogated  as  to  the  organization  of  the 
Centennial  Exposition,  the  difficulties  encountered  therein,  the  powers, 
duties,  and  limitations  of  the  several  officers  and  committees  connected 
with  the  organization  of  that  Exposition,  information  concerning  which 
they  gave  with  such  fullness  and  circumstantiality  of  detail  that  we  have 
deemed  it  best  to  give  their  statements  in  full  in  the  form  of  an  appen- 
dix to  this  report,  for  your  consideration  and  with  the  view  to  lay  them 
before  the  National  Commission.  These  statements,  stenographically 
reported,  will  be  found  in  a  series  of  appendices  herewith  submitted. 

Proceeding  to  New  York,  we  had  an  interview  with  General  Alfred 
T.  Goshorn,  late  Director-General  of  the  Centennial  Exposition  of 
1876,  and  Gov.  Richard  C.  McCormick,  late  Commissioner-General  of 
the  American  Department  of  the  Paris  Exposition  of  1878,  all  of  which 
will  be  found  in  an  appendix  herewith  submitted,  and  which  your 
Sub-Committee  deem  so  valuable  and  so  full  of  wise  and  pertinent 
suggestions  that  they  have  deemed  it  best  to  publish  in  full,  rather  than 
to  attempt  a  summarization  in  this  report. 

President  Thos.  W.  Palmer,  of  the  National  Commission,  and  Hon. 
John  T.  Dickinson,  Secretary  of  that  body,  did  your  Sub-Committee  the 
honor  to  join  them  at  Philadelphia  and  New  York,  and  participate  in 
these  interviews  and  discussions. 

Proceeding  to  Washington,  we  called  on  the  President  of  the  United 
States,  and  the  Heads  of  Departments,  and  asked  their  cooperation  in 
the  effort  to  make  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  a  success,  of  which 
cooperation  we  were  cordially  assured.  While  there  we  called  upon  Dr. 
G.  Brown  Goode,  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  a  gentleman  whose 
training  pre-eminently  fits  him  for  preparing  a  general  system  of  classi- 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  65 

fication  for  so  extensive  an  undertaking  as  the  World's  Fair,  and  Sesce°g°fon 
requested  him  to  prepare  a  system  of  groupings  and  classifications,  rirst  D 
embracing,  specifically,  Science,  Art,  History,  and  Popular  Education,  to 
be  grouped  with  the  general  exhibits  of  Agriculture,  Horticulture,  and 
the  Live  Stock  classification,  which  latter,  through  the  courtesy  and 
supervision  of  the  Hon.  J.  M.  Rusk,  Secretary  of  the  Department  of 
Agriculture,  had  already  been  prepared  by  Mr.  G.  E.  Gordon,  under  the 
direction  of  the  Department  of  Agriculture,  most  of  which  classifications 
are  promised  us  by  the  time  of  the  assembling  of  the  National  Com- 
mission, and  which  we  hope  to  lay  before  that  body  at  that  time.  We 
also  had  an  interview  with  Hon.  Robert  P.  Porter,  Superintendent  of  the 
Eleventh  Census,  and  he  very  kindly  consented  to  act  conjointly  with 
Dr.  Goode  in  the  preparation  of  a  general  classification,  which  we  trust 
will  be  received  in  time  to  be  presented  as  an  appendix  to  our  report. 

In  this  connection  it  is  proper  to  say  that  General  Thomas  Donaldson, 
a  gentleman  who  was  for  four  years  connected  with  the  Philadelphia 
Centennial,  and  whose  ability  eminently  fits  him  for  such  work,  prepared 
at  our  request  a  general  outline  plan  for  the  organization  of  all  the  details 
of  the  Columbian  Exposition,  which  is  printed  in  the  appendix,  and  to 
which  we  respectfully  refer. 

We  also  take  pleasure  in  saying  that,,  at  our  request,  Mr.  William  E. 
Curtis,  of  the  State  Department  at  Washington,  prepared  and  submitted 
to  us  a  general  outline  plan  of  matters  pertaining  to  exhibits  from  Latin 
America,  which  is  respectfully  referred  for  your  consideration  and  that  of 
the  National  Commission.  This  very  able  and  interesting  paper  is  pre- 
sented as  one  of  the  appendices  to  this  report. 

Proceeding  to  Cincinnati,  we  had  the  pleasure  of  an  interview  with 
the  Hon.  James  Allison,  late  President  of  the  Centennial  Exposition  of 
the  Ohio  Valley  and  Central  States,  which,  largely  through  his  executive 
ability,  was  made  a  great  success,  obtaining  his  views  as  to  what  should 
be  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  Director-General  and  the  various  com- 
mittees of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition.  This  interview,  which  was 
stenographically  reported,  we  greatly  regret  to  say  has,  up  to  this  time, 
failed  to  reach  us,  but  we  trust  to  be  able  to  lay  the  valuable  information 
obtained  from  him  before  the  National  Commission  during  its  present 
session,  as  one  of  the  appendices  to  our  report. 

We  deem  it  proper  to  say,  while  it  has  no  direct  bearing  upon  the 
general  subject-matter  which  our  Sub-Committee  was  appointed  especially 
to  consider,  that  two  distinguished  and  public-spirited  citizens  in  the  East, 
Hon.  George  W.  Childs,  of  the  Public  Ledger^  and  Hon.  John  Hoey,  Presi- 
dent of  the  Adams  Express  Company,  tendered  to  us  for  exhibition  at 
the  World's  Fair  many  articles  of  rare  historic  and  artistic  interest.  These 
exhibits,  which  we  are  authorized  by  the  above  gentlemen  to  tender  to  the 
National  Commission,  are  a  series  of  articles  which  will  excite  universal 


66  World?  s  Columbian  Commission. 

second       interest,   and  a  catalogue  of  them  will  be   furnished   to   the   National 

oGssion — 

First  Day.  Commission. 

Your  Sub-Committee  desire  further  to  state,  that  during  their  stay  in 
Philadelphia  they  were  the  recipients  of  an  entertainment  tendered  them 
by  His  Honor,  Mayor  Fitler,  of  that  city,  at  which  they  had  the  pleasure 
of  meeting  the  following  gentlemen:  Hon.  Anthony  J.  Drexel,  George  W. 
Childs,  T.  Pratt  McKean,  Daniel  Dougherty,  Jesse  Seligman,  Dr.  Andrews, 
Alfred  Baker,  Wm.  L.  Elkins,  and  Ex-Mayor  Stokeley,  with  others,  nearly 
all  of  whom  were  largely  identified  with  the  management  of  the  Philadel- 
phia Centennial  Exposition.  A  full,  free,  and  informal  talk  on  the  general 
subject-matter  in  which  your  Sub-Committee  are  engaged  was  indulged  in 
at  the  social  board  of  His  Honor.  No  special  report,  however,  was  made 
of  that  conference,  but  your  Sub-Committee  are  grateful  to  these  gentlemen 
for  their  very  valuable  suggestions  and  information  imparted  on  that 
occasion. 

In  order  to  facilitate  the  work  of  the  National  Commission,  we 
authorized  the  purchase  of  106  full  sets,  of  nine  volumes  each,  of  the 
Centennial  Reports  of  1876,  one  set  of  which  has  been,  or  will  be, 
delivered  by  the  Secretary  of  the  National  Commission  to  each  individual 
Commissioner. 

Your  Sub-Committee  have  been  profoundly  impressed  in  the  investi- 
gation they  have  made  of  the  public  records  of  Fairs,  National  and 
International,  from  the  World's  Fair  in  London  of  1851,  down  to  the 
Paris  Exposition  of  1889,  and  from  the  consensus  of  opinion  of  gentlemen 
to  whom  we  have  alluded  in  this  report,  and  whose  statements  are 
embodied  in  full  in  our  appendix,  your  Committee  are  led  to  conclude 
that  the  central  and  dominant  idea  in  the  success  of  any  great  Fair  is 
concentration  of  authority  and  giving  to  the  Director-General,  or  that 
official  having  chief  control,  a  power  only  limited  by  the  superior  authority 
of  the  Executive  Committee. 

After  the  arrival  of  your  Sub-Committee  in  the  City  of  Chicago,  on 
the  9th  September,  the  following  additional  proceedings  were  had  by  the 
Committee  on  Permanent  Organization: 

Professor  Putnam,  of  Harvard  University,  presented  to  the  Com- 
mittee a  plan  for  an  archaeological  collection  showing  the  remains  of 
primitive  man  on  this  continent,  also  the  prehistoric  civilizations  of  the 
South  American  races  generally.  His  plan,  which  is  one  of  large 
research  and  labor,  and  which  your  Committee  cordially  commend  to  the 
consideration  of  the  Commission,  is  herewith  submitted  as  one  of  the 
appendices  to  this  report. 

Mr.  McDonald,  of  California,  laid  before  the  Committee  a  plan 
for  a  comprehensive  and  thorough  exhibit  of  the  mines  and  mining 
resources  of  the  world,  especially  of  the  Great  West,  and  on  motion  of 
Commissioner  Widener,  Commissioners  McDonald  and  Goodell  were 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  67 

appointed   a   Sub-Committee   to  prepare  data  in  documentary  form  for  Sesce°8^fon_ 
submission  to  the  National  Commission,  which  paper  will  appear  as  an    First  Day. 
appendix  to  this  report. 

The  question  involving  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  Board  of  Lady 
Managers  has  been  made  the  subject  of  a  separate  report,  which  will  be 
hereafter  submitted  to  this  Commission. 

The  outline  plan  of  the  general  organization  of  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Commission,  and  the  definition  of  the  powers  and  duties  of  the 
officers  and  committees  of  the  same,  submitted  by  the  Sub-Committee 
to  the  full  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization,  and  by  them  consid- 
ered at  their  several  meetings  lately  held  in  the  City  of  Chicago,  and 
having  been  carefully  discussed  line  by  line  and  section  by  section,  and 
having  been  thoroughly  revised  and  amended,  and  unanimously  agreed 
to,  as  is  evidenced  by  the  signatures  of  all  the  members  of  the  Com- 
mittee on  Permanent  Organization  thereto,  they  beg  leave  respectfully 
to  submit  to  the  National  Commission  the  following  reports,  the  result 
of  their  labors. 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

J.  A.  MCKENZIE, 

Chairman. 

REPORT  of  the  Committee  on  Permanent   Organization  on  Officers  and  officers  and 

Standing 

Committees  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  September  15,  1890.    fe°e™mit' 

CHICAGO,  September  15,  1890. 
Hon.  THOS.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

SIR:  At  the  first  meeting  of  this  Commission,  on  June  26,  1890, 
the  following  resolution  was  adopted  : 

"Resolved,  That  a  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization,  consisting 
of  twelve,  be  appointed  by  the  Chair  in  the  spirit  of  the  Act  of  Con- 
gress, to  recommend  a  list  of  permanent  offices  necessary  to  the  proper 
conduct  of  this  Commission,  and  to  define  the  duties  pertaining  to  the 
same  ;  and  they  shall  further  report  what  standing  committees  should 
be  appointed,  and  the  duties  and  powers  of  each." 

In  accordance  with  this  resolution  we  have  the  honor  to  submit  the 
following,  as  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  permanent  officers  and 
standing  committees  of  this  Commission  : 

DUTIES     OF    THE     PRESIDENT. 

The  President  shall  preside  over  all  the  meetings  of  the  Commission, 
and  shall  appoint  all  committees,  unless  otherwise  directed  by  the 
Commission,  and  he  shall  have  all  the  powers  and  authority  incident  to 
the  office  of  President.  The  President  may,  at  his  own  motion,  or  at 
the  written  request  of  a  majority  of  the  Executive  Committee  or  of 
one-third  of  the  members  of  the  Commission  shall,  call  a  meeting  of 
the  Commission,  by  giving  each  membej^j-ess^ajbje  notice  of  the  time 

and  place  of  such  meeting. 

OF   THK 


68  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Second  DUTIES    OF    THE    VICE-PRESIDENTS. 

Session— 

In  the  absence  of  the  President,  Vice-Presidents,  in  their  numerical 
order,  shall  perform  the  duties  of  the  President.  In  the  absence  of  the 
Vice-Presidents,  the  Commission  shall  appoint  a  Chairman/^  tern. 

DUTIES    OF    THE    SECRETARY. 

The  Secretary  shall  conduct  the  correspondence  of  the  Commission 
and  shall  be  the  custodian  of  all  documents  and  records  relating  to  the 
business  of  the  Commission.  He  shall  keep  a  full  and  accurate  record  of 
the  proceedings  of  the  Commission  and  of  the  Executive  Committee,  and 
make  report  of  same  from  time  to  time,  as  may  be  required.  He  shall 
have  power  to  appoint  his  assistant  secretaries  and  to  select  his  clerical 
force,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Executive  Committee.  He  shall  keep 
all  accounts  of  the  Commission  and  certify  the  same  to  the  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury  for  payment.  The  papers,  accounts,  and  records  of  the  Sec- 
retary shall,  at  all  times,  be  open  to  the  inspection  of  any  member  of 
the  Commission. 

DIRECTOR-GENERAL. 
Duties. 

He  shall  exercise  such  supervision,  direction,  and  control  of  the 
operation  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  as  will  tend  to  promote 
the  efficiency  of  every  agency  employed;  and  to  this  end,  and  on  ques- 
tions of  general  policy  and  administration,  it  shall  be  his  duty  to  avail 
himself  of  the  judgment  of  the  Executive  Committee,  and  be  subject  to 
their  direction.  He  shall  be  authorized  and  instructed  to  assume  all  such 
executive  powers  and  functions  as  shall  be  necessary  to  secure  prompt- 
ness, efficiency,  and  good  faith  in  every  department  of  the  work. 

i.  EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE. 
Duties. 

The  Executive  Committee  shall  have  all  the  powers  of  the  National 
Commission  when  that  body  is  not  in  session,  excepting  cases  in  which 
the  Act  of  Congress  in  express  terms  requires  the  action  of  the  Commis- 
sioners, or  a  majority  of  the  Commissioners. 

2.  COMMITTEE  ON  RULES,  BY-LAWS,  AND  REGULATIONS. 

Duties. 

They  shall  formulate  rules,  by-laws,  and  regulations  for  submission 
to  the  Commission. 

3.  COMMITTEE  ON  TARIFFS  AND  TRANSPORTATION, 
Duties. 

They  shall  have  consideration  of  all  matters  relating  to  tariffs,  bonding 
and  releasing  of  goods,  and  the  transportation  of  goods,  that  may  be 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  69 

referred  to  them  by  the  National  Commission,  in  conjunction  with  such  second 

J  J  Session  - 

officers  of  the  Treasury  as  may  be  appointed.  Flrst  Dfty- 

4.  COMMITTEE  ON  FOREIGN  AFFAIRS. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  foreign  exhibits 
of  the  Exposition  that  may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  National  Commis- 
sion or  the  Executive  Committee. 

5.  COMMITTEE  ON  LEGISLATION. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  consideration  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  National, 
State,  Territorial,  or  Municipal  legislation  affecting  this  Exposition. 

6.  COMMITTEE  ON  FINE  ARTS. 
Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  Fine  Arts  which 
may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 

7.  COMMITTEE  ON  SCIENCE,  HISTORY,  LITERATURE,  AND  EDUCATION. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  subjects 
that  may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 

8.  COMMITTEE  ON  AGRICULTURE. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  Agriculture. 
9.  COMMITTEE  ON  LIVE  STOCK. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  Live  Stock,  includ- 
ing Domestic  Animals,  Poultry,  and  Birds  of  all  varieties 

10.  COMMITTEE    ON  HORTICULTURE  AND  FLORICULTURE. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  sub- 
jects. 

ii.  COMMITTEE  ON  FINANCE. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  expendi- 
tures of  this  Commission  under  the  Act  of  Congress,  or  such  other  mat- 
ters of  finance  as  may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 

12.  COMMITTEE  ON  AUDITING. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  examining  and  auditing  all  bills  and 
accounts  of  the  Commissioners. 

6 


70  World}  s  Columbian  Commission. 

Second  13.    COMMITTEE 'ON  CEREMONIES. 

Session— 

Flr" Day-  Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  inauguration 
of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  and  all  ceremonies  connected  from 
time  to  time  therewith. 

14    COMMITTEE  ON  CLASSIFICATION. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  subjects  pertaining  to  the  classification 
of  exhibits,  and  the  limitation  of  space  therefor,  as  may  be  referred  to 
them  by  the  Commission. 

15.  COMMITTEE  ON  MANUFACTURES. 
Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  this  subject,  or 
that  may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 

16.  COMMITTEE  ON  COMMERCE. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  Commerce  that 
may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 

17.  COMMITTEE  ON  MINES  AND  MINING. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  metallurgy, 
mines  and  mining  processes,  or  such  as  may  be  referred  to  them  by  the 
Commission. 

18.  COMMITTEE  ON  FISHERIES  AND  FISH  CULTURE. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  sub- 
jects. 

19.  COMMITTEE  ON  ELECTRICITY  AND  ELECTRICAL  APPLIANCES. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  sub- 
jects. 

20.  COMMITTEE  ON  FORESTRY  AND  LUMBER. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  sub- 
jects. 

21.  COMMITTEE  ON  MACHINERY. 

Duties. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  machinery,  or  that 
may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  71 

22.  COMMITTEE  ON  WORLD'S  CONGRESSES.  second 

Session— 
Duties.  First  Day. 

They  shall  act  in  connection  with  the  Local  Directory  in  arranging 
for  the  exhibits  or  meetings  of  any  World's  Congress  that  may  desire  ,to 
assemble  here  during  the  Exposition. 

The  duties  of  officers  and  committees  herein  defined  shall  take  the 
place  of  same.as  heretofore  defined  by  the  Commission. 

Your  Committee  having  to  the  best  of  their  ability  discharged  the 
duties  imposed  upon  them  by  the  resolution  of  your  honorable  body,  and 
believing  that  upon  the  adoption  of  this  report  their  labors  are  concluded, 
beg  leave  respectfully  to  submit  the  above  as  the  result  of  their  labors 
and  respectfully  ask  to  be  discharged  from  the  further  consideration  of 
the  subject-matters  therein  contained. 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

J.  A.  MCKENZIE,  Chairman, 
PETER  A.  B.  WIDENER, 

A.  M.   COCHRAN, 

M.  B.  HARRISON, 
J.  H.  BRESLIN, 
MARK  L.  MCDONALD, 

B.  B.  SMALLEY, 
THOMAS  B.  KEOGH, 
R.  E.  GOODELL, 
ADLAI  T.  EWING, 
E.  B.  MARTIXDALE, 
R.  C.  KERENS. 


On  motion  of  Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  the  report  was  ordered 
to  lie  upon  the  table  and  be  printed. 

The  President  announced  that  he  had  appointed  Mr.  O.  R.  Hundley, 
of  Alabama,  and  Mr.  Philip  Allen,  Jr.,  of  Wisconsin,  to  act  with  the  six 
members  of  the  Judiciary  Committee,  heretofore  appointed,  and  the  eight 
to  constitute  the  Committee  on  Rules,  By-Laws,  and  Regulations. 

Mr.   Lindsay,   of  Kentucky,    as    Chairman    of    the    Judiciary    Com- 
mittee, presented  the  following  report,  which  was  read  by  Mr.  Massey, 
of  Delaware: 
REPORT  of  the  Judiciary  Committee,  Defining  the  Rights,  Duties,  and  Report  of 

the  Judi- 

Powers  of  the    World's  Columbian  Commission.  mittyee°m' 

SEPTEMBER  15,  1890. 

Your  Committee,  acting  in  obedience  to  the  preamble  and  resolu- 
tion adopted  by  this  Commission  on  the  first  day  of  July,  1890,  as 
follows,  to-wit : 


72  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

Sesce°ssidon-  "WHEREAS,  It  is  obviously  important  that  the  powers  and  jurisdiction 

'of  this  Commission  should  be  definitely  ascertained  and  clearly  under- 
stood, to  the  end  that  its  efficiency  may  be  promoted  and  maintained,  and 
so  as  that  all  controversy  as  to  the  lawful  exercise  of  its  power  may  be 
avoided,  therefore 

"Resolved,  That  a  special  committee  of  six  be,  and  is  hereby  consti- 
tuted, to  be  appointed  by  the  President  in  accordance  with  the  spirit  of 
the  Act  of  Congress,  to  consider  the  question  of  the  rights,  duties,  and 
powers  of  this  body  under  the  said  act ;  and  to  submit  a  report  of  its 
deliberations,  defining  the  quality,  character,  and  extent  thereof  to  the 
next  adjourned  meeting  of  the  Commission," 

beg  leave  to  report  that  they  have  given  to  the  question  of  the  rights, 
duties,  and  powers  of  this  body,  under  the  Act  of  Congress,  due  con- 
sideration., and  submit  the  following  as  their  conclusions  : 

The  Act  of  Congress  declares  that  the  proposed  Exhibition  of  the 
resources  of  the  United  States  of  America,  of  their  development,  and 
of  the  progress  of  the  New  World,  shall  be  of  a  National  and  Interna- 
tional character,  and  in  express  terms  inaugurates  an  exhibition  of  arts, 
industries,  and  products  of  the  soil,  mine,  and  sea,  in  the  City  of  Chicago, 
in  the  year  1892,  as  thereinafter  provided. 

This  Commission  is  one  of  the  instrumentalities  by  and  through 
which  the  will  of  Congress  in  relation  to  the  proposed  Exhibition  is  to 
be  carried  into  effect,  and  in  the  determination  of  the  powers,  rights,  and 
duties  of  this  body,  the  facts  are  to  be  kept  in  view,  that  the  Exhibition 
is  to  be  of  a  National  and  International  character,  and  that  for  its  success 
the  Government  of  the  United  States  will  be  regarded  as  the  responsible 
agent. 

The  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  a  corporation  created  under 
and  in  virtue  of  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Illinois,  is  another  of  the  agencies 
or  instrumentalities  through  which  the  will  of  Congress  is,  in  important 
respects,  to  be  carried  out.  That  corporation  has  voluntarily  undertaken 
to  exercise  the  powers  and  discharge  the  duties  conferred  and  imposed 
upon  it  by  the  Act  of  Congress. 

The  relative  rights,  powers,  and  duties  of  the  Illinois  corporation  and 
of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission  constitute  the  principal  subjects 
of  inquiry  to  which  your  Committee  have  directed  their  attention. 

PtSercom-  The  Powers  °f  tnis  Commission  are    in    some  respects    original  and 

mission,    exclusive,  in  others  supervisory  and  collateral. 

Among  the  original  and  exclusive  powers  of  the  Commission  may  be 
named  the  power  to  allot  space  for  exhibitors;  to  prepare  a  classification 
of  exhibits;  to  determine  the  plan  and  scope  of  the  Exposition;  to 
appoint  all  judges  and  examiners  for  the  Exposition;  to  award  all 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  78 

premiums,    and   generally    to    have  charge   of   all   intercourse  with  the  Sesce°g^on__ 
exhibitors,  and  with  the  representatives  of  foreign  nations.  First  Day. 

This  Commission  has  power  and  authority  to  appoint  necessary 
officers  and  committees,  and  to  fix  the  pay  of  such  officers,  subject  to 
the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury. 

Within  the  domain  of  its  own  authority,  the  Commission  may  confer 
upon  its  chief  ministerial  officer  or  officers,  and  his  or  their  subordinates, 
such  executive  and  ministerial  powers,  and  impose  such  duties,  as  will 
tend  to  promote  the  efficiency  of  every  agency  employed.  Those  officers, 
when  appointed,  will  be  the  officers  of  the  Commission,  and  will  be  paid 
out  of  the  funds  appropriated  by  Congress  in  aid  of  the  Exposition. 

In  this  connection  it  is  suggested  that  the  Commission  may  so 
regulate  and  define  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  members  of  the  Board 
of  Lady  Managers  as  to  constitute  them  officers,  and  in  such  event 
(subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury)  their  compen- 
sation may  be  fixed  and  provision  made  for  their  payment. 

This  Commission  is  not  charged  with  any  duty  in  regard  to  the 
selection  of  the  site  or  grounds  for  the  Exposition,  or  to  devising  or 
preparing  the  plans  and  specifications  for  the  buildings  to  be  erected 
thereon,  other  than  the  power  and  duty  to  reject  or  to  accept  and 
approve  the  same. 

It  is  the  duty  of  this  Commission  to  notify  the  President  of  the 
United  States  when  provision  shall  have  been  made  for  the  buildings 
contemplated  by  the  Act  of  Congress,  and,  when  such  buildings  shall 
have  been  erected,  to  provide  for  their  dedication  with  appropriate 
ceremonies. 

The  Commission  is  also  to  report  to  the  President  from  time  to  time 
the  progress  of  the  work,  including  such  regulations  as  it  may  adopt,  and 
in  the  final  report  present  a  full  exhibit  of  the  results  of  the  Exposition. 

Your  Committee  submit  further,  that  the  action  of  the  Commission 
in  the  approval  of  the  site,  or  in  the  approval  of  plans  and  specifications 
for  the  buildings,  does  not  necessarily  exhaust  or  extinguish  its  power 
over  these  subjects.  Such  action  may  be  reconsidered,  but  of  course 
the  reconsideration  must  be  had  within  reasonable  time  and  upon  good 
and  sufficient  grounds. 

The  Illinois  corporation  is  charged  with  the  duty  of  furnishing:  the  Duties  of  the 

3  World's 


necessary    grounds   and    buildings  for  the  Exposition,  this    duty   to    be 
exercised,  as  has  already  been  seen,  subject  to  the  power  of  this  Commis-    corpora-* 
sion  to  approve  or  disapprove  either  the   site  or  the  plans  and  specifica-    static?16 

.          u  -11-  Illinois. 

tions  for  the  buildings. 

When  the  site  shall  have  been  finally  selected  and  accepted,  and  the 
plans  and  specifications  for  the  buildings  finally  approved,  the  preparation 


74  World?  s  Columbian  Commission. 

Sescon?on-  of  the  grounds  and  the  erection  of  the  buildings  will  fall  within  the  scope 
rirstDay.  of  the  powers  conferred  upon  the   Illinois  corporation,  and  this  Commis- 
sion and  the  public  must  rely  upon  the  zeal,  energy,   and    good   faith  of 
that  corporation  and    its  managing  officers   for  the  due  performance  of 
these  most  important  duties. 

Whilst  the  Illinois  corporation,  "  The  World's  Columbian  Exposition," 
has  power  to  prescribe  rules  and  regulations  governing  rates  for  entrance 
and  admittance  fees,  and  otherwise  affecting  the  rights,  privileges,  and 
interests  of  exhibitors  and  the  public,  and  for  the  general  conduct  of 
the  financial  affairs  and  the  orderly  management  and  control  of  the 
exhibition  during  the  time  it  may  continue,  that  power  is  to  be  exercised 
subject  to  the  right  ot  the  majority  of  this  Commission  to  modify  such 
rules  and  regulations,  and  subject  to  the  exclusive  power  of  this  Commis- 
sion to  allot  space  to  exhibitors,  to  classify  exhibits,  to  determine  the  plan 
and  scope  of  the  exhibition,  to  appoint  judges  and  examiners,  to  award 
premiums,  and  generally  to  have  charge  of  the  intercourse  with  exhibitors 
and  with  the  representatives  of  foreign  nations. 

The  Illinois  corporation  is  to  supply  the  necessary  funds,  and  fur- 
nish the  grounds  and  buildings,  and  generally  to  have  direct  control  of 
the  administrative  details  in  the  management  of  the  Exposition  during  the 
time  it  shall  be  open  to  the  public,  and  for  these  purposes  will  act  through 
its  own  officers,  agents,  and  employes. 

The  power  of  general  supervision  and  control,  and  as  to  the  matters 
hereinbefore  specifically  named,  of  exclusive  control,  rests  in  and  must 
be  exercised  by  this  Commission,  to  the  end  that  there  shall  be  given  to 
the  Exposition  that  National  and  International  character  contemplated  b^ 
the  Congress  of  the  United  States. 

All  of  which  we  respectfully  submit. 

WILLIAM  LINDSAY, 
GEO.   V.  MASSEY, 
J.  W.  ST.  CLAIR, 
L.  GREGG, 
B.  B.  SMALLEY, 
WM.  J.  SEWELL. 


The  consideration  of  the  report  was  made  the  special  order  for 
Tuesday,  September  i6th,  at  12  noon. 

Mr.  McDonald,  for  a  Sub-Committee  on  Permanent  Organization, 
submitted  the  following,  report  of  the  Sub-Committee  on  the  powers 
and  duties  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  which  was  ordered  to  lie 
upon  the  table  and  be  printed: 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  75 


REPORT  of  a    Sub-Committee  on   Permanent   Organization   to   the 

Committee,  Defining  the  Powers   and  Duties  of  the  Board  of  Lady   First  Day> 
Managers. 

CHICAGO,  September  12,  1890. 

To  the  Committee  on   Permanent   Organization,    World's    Columbian  Com-  Report  on 

the  pow- 

mission :  j-gj^ 

GENTLEMEN  :  Your  Sub-Gommittee,  appointed  at  the  meeting  of  Of6i5dyr(i 
September  n,  for  the  purpose  of  defining  the  duties  and  powers  of  the 
Board  of  Lady  Managers  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  held  a 
meeting  at  the  Grand  Pacific  Hotel,  this  city,  on  the  evening  of  the 
nth  September,  and  beg  leave  respectfully  to  submit  to  the  full 
Committee  the  following  report : 

That  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  to  be  appointed  by  the  President 
of  this  Commission,  in  accordance  with  the  resolution  adopted  June  30, 
1890,  be  and  they  are  hereby  appointed  officers  of  said  Commission,  and 
shall  be  called  together  by  the  President  of  this  Commission  at  such 
time  and  place  as  he  may  deem  proper,  and  they  shall  organize  at  the 
first  meeting  of  the  said  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  by  the  election  of 
such  officers  and  appointment  of  such  committees  as  may  be  necessary 
for  the  furtherance  of  their  work. 

They  shall  have  charge  of  the  Woman's  Department  of  the  World's 
Columbian  Commission,  to  which  all  branches  of  woman's  work  shall 
be  referred. 

They  shall  have  control  of,  and  prepare,  in  a  building  set  apart 
for  that  purpose,  an  industrial  exhibit,  and  in  every  way  arrange  for  the 
comfort  and  convenience  of  women  and  children  in  said  building. 

They  shall  have  power  to  appoint  one  or  more  members  of  all  com- 
mittees authorized  to  award  prizes  for  exhibits  which  may  be  produced  in 
whole  or  in  part  by  female  labor. 

The  Lady-Alternate  Managers  shall  assume  and  perform  the  duties  of 
such  Lady  Manager  or  Managers  as  may  be  unable  to  attend  the  meet- 
ings of  the  said  Board  of  Lady  Managers. 

Whenever  such  Lady  Manager  is  unable  to  attend  any  meeting  or 
meetings  of  said  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  then  and  in  such  case  it  shall 
be  her  duty  to  notify  her  Alternate. 

The  Lady  Managers,  as  officers  of  this  Commission,  shall  receive 
their  actual  expenses  for  transportation  and  the  sum  of  six  dollars  per 
day,  for  each  day  they  are  necessarily  engaged  on  the  business  of  said 
Board  of  Managers. 

The  Officers  of  said  Board  of  Lady  Managers  shall  receive  such 
compensation  as  may  be  fixed  by  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  World's 


76  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

second        Columbian  Commission,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  the 

Session—  *  ^r  J 

First  Day.  Treasury,  which  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  sums  appropriated  by  Congress 
in  aid  of  such  Exposition. 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

MARK  L.  MCDONALD, 
E.  B.  MARTINDALE, 
A.  M.  COCHRAN. 

Sub-  Committee. 


Mr.  McDonald  also  presented  the  following  report  of  the  Sub-Com- 
mittee in  regard  to  an  Exhibit  on  Mines  'and  Mining,  which  was  ordered 
to  lie  upon  the  table  and  be  printed: 

Report  on  &  REP  OR  T  of  a   Sub- Committee   on   Permanent   Organization   to   the   full 

propostd  J 

ExSbft.  Committee  in  reference  to  the   Exhibit  of  Mines  and  Mining  at  the 

World's    Columbian   Exposition.     Submitted  September  n,  1890. 

CHICAGO,  September  n,  1890. 
To  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization: 

GENTLEMEN:  The  Sub-Committee  on  Mines  and  Mining  have  the 
honor  to  report: 

Recognizing  the  fact  that  the  mineral  deposits  of  the  country  are  one 
of  the  greatest  sources  of  its  wealth,  and  their  development  one  of  the 
most  extensive  and  important  of  industries,  your  Committee  earnestly 
recommends  the  establishment  of  a  separate  Department,  in  a  separate 
building,  to  be  called  the  Department  of  Mines  and  Mining.  Also,  that 
in  extending  to  foreign  governments  an  invitation  to  participate  in  the 
Exposition,  they  be  especially  requested  to  furnish  a  complete  display  of 
their  mineral  resources,  together  with  the  methods  and  machinery  used 
in  their  mines.  This  exhibition  should  include  a  collection  of  all  known 
minerals,  and  precious  stones,  and  all  forms  of  stone  used  for  building  or 
ornamental  purposes,  all  the  productions  of  the  quarries  of  the  world  as 
well  as  the  mines.  Near  the  building  devoted  to  this  purpose  could  be 
arranged  models  of  some  of  the  more  famous  mines  of  this  and  other 
countries,  which  would  furnish  the  public  an  illustration  of  the  method 
of  their  operation.  A  miniature  mountain  might  be  erected  to  show  the 
geological  formation  of  mineral  lands,  and  the  several  processes  of 
reducing  ores  to  metal  could  be  shown  by  introducing  miniature  smelters 
on  the  ground.  Other  suggestions  of  a  similar  character  might  be  made, 
for  the  field  offers  an  almost  infinite  opportunity  for  the  display  of  taste 
and  ingenuity  on  the  part  of  the  persons  who  may  have  charge  of  the 
department. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  77 

Associated  with  the  collection  of  ores  should  be  an  exhibition   of  second 

session- 

mining  implements  and  machinery;  not  only  those  used  and  manufactured    First  Dfly 
in  the  United  States,   but  it  is  especially  important  to  secure  a  complete 
collection  from   abroad  in  order  that  our  people  may  study  the  methods 
and  machinery  used  in  foreign  countries,  in  irrunediate  contrast  with  those 
in  vogue  at  home.     In  no  branch  of  human  industry  has  greater  progress 
been  made  than  in  mining,  and  additional  interest  might  be  attracted 
by  a  display  showing  its  development  from  the  awkward  methods  of  the 
ancients  to  the  complete  processes  that  modern  genius,  has  devised. 
Respectfully  submitted. 

MARK  L.  MCDONALD, 


E.  B.  MARTINDALE. 


Mr.  McKenzie  also  submitted  a  letter  of  Professor  G.  Brown 
Goode,  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution,  transmitting  a  draft  of  a 
proposed  system  of  classification,  prepared  by  him  at  the  request  of  the 
Committee,  and  some  suggestions  regarding  classification,  installation,  and 
catalogue  by  Prof.  Thomas  Wilson,  and  the  President  submitted  a  letter 
from  Hon.  Robert  P.  Porter,  Superintendent  of  the  Eleventh  Census, 
transmitting  a  proposed  plan  for  a  system  of  awards,  all  of  which  were 
referred  to  the  Committee  on  Classification  hereafter  to  be  appointed. 

Mr.  Groner,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Titles  and  Local 
Facilities,  asked  for  an  extension  of  time  to  prepare  the  report  of  that 
Committee,  which  \vas  granted. 

Mr.  Widener,  of  Pennsylvania,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  when    the    Commission   adjourns  this    day  it    shall  Hours  for 

J  J  daily  ses- 

be    until    to-morrow    morning  at    10.30  o'clock,  and  that  hereafter  there    slons- 
shall  be  two  sessions  of  the  Commission  each  day,  the   first  beginning  at 
10.30   A.  M.,  and    closing   at  12.30  p.  M. ,  and  the    second  beginning  at 
2.30  p.  M.,  and  closing  at  5.30  p.  M. 

Mr.  Hundley,  of  Alabama,  offered  the  following  resolution-,  which 
was  adopted  : 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  be  and  he  is  hereby  instructed  to  engage  verbatim 
stenographers  to  take  and  transcribe  the  proceedings  of  this  Commission,    ordered. 

Mr.  Harrison,  of  Minnesota,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  adopted: 


78  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

second  Resolved,  That   the   officers   and    Directors   of  the   World's  Colum- 

Session— 

First  Day.  bian   Exposition   Association  of  Chicago  be  and  they  are  hereby  invited 
to  seats  within  the  bar  of  this  Commission  whenever  it  is  in  session. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which, 
after  some  discussion,  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  President  of  the  Commission  be  requested  to 
report  his  appointment  of  members  of  the  Executive  Committee  Wednes- 
day morning. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  until  Tuesday  morning  at  10.30. 


Second  Session — Second  Day,  Tuesday,  Sept.  16,  1890. 

second  ses-          The  Commission  met  at  10.30  A.  M.,  in  the  Andrews  Hall. 

sion— Sec-  ° 

ond  Day. 

ROLL  CALL. 

Roii-caii.  COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE. — California,  M.  L.  McDonald;  Kentucky, 

W.  Lindsay;  Massachusetts,  A.  G.  Bullock;  Michigan,  T.  W.  Palmer;  Mis- 
souri, R.  C.  Kerens;  New  York,  G.  W.  Allen;  Pennsylvania,  P.  A.  B. 
Widener;  Texas,  H.  Exall. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  STATES. — Alabama,  F.  G.  Bromberg,  O.  R.  Hund- 
ley; Arkansas,  J.  D.  Adams,  L.  Gregg;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J. 
V.  Skiff;  Connecticut,  T.  M.  Waller;  Delaware,  G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H. 
Porter;  Florida,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turnbull;  Georgia,  L.  McLaws,  C.  H.  Way; 
Idaho,  G.  A.  Manning,  J.  E.  Stearns;  Illinois,  C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T.  Ewing; 
Indiana,  T.  E.  Garvm,  E.  B.  Martindale;  Iowa,  W.  I.  Buchanan,}.  Hayes, 
alternate;  Kansas,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  F.  W.  Lanyon,  alternate;  Kentucky,  J. 
Bennett,  J.  A.  McKenzie;  Louisiana,  D.  B.  Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate; 
Maine,  A.  R.  Bixby,  C.  S.  Edwards,  alternate;  Maryland,  G.  M.  Upshur, 
alternate;  Massachusetts,  F.  W.  Breed;  Michigan,  M.  H.  Lane,  C.  H.  Rich- 
mond; Minnesota,  M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V.  Tousley;  Mississippi,  J.  M. 
Bynum,  R.  L.  Saunders;  Missouri,  T.  B.  Bullene;  Montana,  L.  H.  Hersh- 
field,  A.  H.  Mitchell;  Nebraska,  Euclid  Martin,  A.  G.  Scott;  Nevada,  J. 
W.  Haines,  G.  Russell;  New  Hampshire,  F.  E.  Kaley,  alternate;  New  Jer- 
sey, W.  J.  Sewell,  T.  Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H.  Breslin, 
alternate;  North  Carolina,  A..  B.  Andrews,  T.  B.  Keogh;  North  Dakota, 
H.  P.  Rucker,  M.  Ryan;  Ohio,  W.  Ritchie,  L.  C.  Cron,  alternate;  Oregon, 
M.  Wilkins,  J.  L.  Morrow,  alternate;  Pennsylvania,  W.  McClelland,  J.  W. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  79 

Woodside;  Rhode  Island,  L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina, 
J.  R.  Cochran,  E.  L.  Roche,  alternate;  South  Dakota,  M.  H.  Day,  ondl)ay- 
Tennessee,  R.  Strong,  A.  B.  Hurt,  alternates;  Texas,  A.  M.  Cochran, 
J.  T.  Dickinson;  Vermont,  H.  H.  Mclntyre,  B.  B.  Smalley;  Virginia, 
V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T.  Harris;  Washington,  W.  Bingham,  C.  B.  Bagley,  alter- 
nates; West  Virginia,  J.  D.  Butt,  J.  W.  St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,  P.  Allen,  Jr.; 
Wyoming,  H.  G.  Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate;  Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats;  New 
Mexico,  T.  C.  Gutierres,  R.  M.  White;  Oklahoma,  O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles; 
Utah,  P.  H.  Lannan,  W.  M.  Ferry,  alternate;  District  of  Columbia,  A.  A. 
Wilson,  E.  K.  Johnson,  alternate. 

Mr.  Tousley,  of  Minnesota,  moved,  and  it  was  so  voted,  that  matter 
in  the  minutes  already  read  in  yesterday's  proceedings  be  omitted. 

The  minutes  of  the  first  day's  meeting  were  read  and  adopted. 

Mr.  Lindsay,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Rules,  By-Laws,  and 
Regulations,  submitted  the  following  report,  and  moved  that  it  lie  on  the 
table  and  be  printed: 

REP  OR  T  of  the  Committee  on  Rules,  By-Laws,  and  Regulations,  September  Report  on 

,.  Rules  of 

1 6,   1890.  Order. 

RULES  OF  ORDER  AND  PROCEDURE. 
TOUCHING  THE  DUTIES  OF  THE  PRESIDENT. 

1.  He  shall  take  the  Chair  every  day,  precisely  at  the  hour  to  which 
the   Commission  shall    stand    adjourned,  and    on    the    appearance   of   a 
quorum  shall  cause  the  Journal  of  the  preceding  day  to  be  read. 

2.  He    shall    preserve    decorum   and    order;    may  speak    to  points 
of    order    in  preference  to   Commissioners  on  the  floor,  rising  from  his 
chair  for  that  purpose.     He  shall  decide  questions  of  order,  subject  to 
an  appeal  to  the  Commission  on  request  of  any  two  Commissioners. 

3.  He  may  state  a  question  sitting,  but   shall  rise  to  put  a  question 
to  the  vote  of  the  Commission. 

4.  Questions  shall  be  distinctly  put  in  this  form,  viz.:   "All  you  who 
are  of  opinion  that   (as  the   question   may  be),  say  'Aye/     You  of  the 
contrary  opinion,  say  *  No.'  "     If  the  presiding  officer  doubt,  or  a  division 
be  called  for,  the  Commission  shall  divide;  those  in  the  affirmative  shall 
first  rise  from  their  seats,  and  afterward  these  in  the  negative.     If  the 
presiding  officer  still  doubt,  or  a  count  be  required,  the  presiding  officer 
shall  name  two   Commissioners,  one   from   each  side,  to  tell  those  in  the 
affirmative  and  the  negative;  and  the  result  being  reported,  he  shall  rise 
and  state  the  decision  to  the  Commission.     And  on  every  vote  there  shall 
be  a  call  of  the  ayes  and  noes  when  demanded  by  five  Commissioners. 


80  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

second ses-          e      The    presiding   officer    may   examine   and   correct   the   Journal 

sion-Sec-  J  J 

ondDay.   before  it  is  read. 

6.  In  case  of  any  disturbance  or  disorderly  conduct  in  the  galleries 
or  lobbies,  the  presiding  officer  shall  have  oower  to  order  the  same  to  be 
cleared. 

ORDER  OF  BUSINESS. 

7.  As  soon  as  the  Journal  is  read  and  approved,  the  presiding  officer 
shall  call   for  communications  and  memorials.     The  same   having  been 
presented  and  disposed  of,  reports,  first   from   the    standing    and    then 
from  select  committees,  shall  be  called  for;    next,  motions  and  resolu- 
tions;   and  if   on  any  day  the  whole  of   the  committees  have  not  been 
called,  or,  being  called,  shall    not   have   finished'  their   reports,   or  any 
report  shall  not  have  been  disposed  of,  the  presiding  officer,  on  the  next 
day,,  shall  commence  where  he  left  off  on  the  preceding  day,  and  so  on 
until  all  are  called. 

DECORUM   AND   ORDER. 

8.  When  a  Commissioner  is  about  to  speak  in  debate  or  deliver 
any  matter  to  the  Commission,  he  shall  rise  from  his  seat  and  respectfully 
address  himself  to    "  Mr.  President,"  and,  being  recognized  by  the  pre- 
siding officer,  may  proceed,   but  shall    confine    himself    to    the   question 
under  debate,  and  avoid  personalities. 

9.  If  any  Commissioner,  in  speaking,  or  otherwise,  transgress  the 
rules  of  the  Commission,  the  presiding  officer  shall,  or  any  member  may, 
call  him  to  order;   in  which   case  the  member  so  called  to  order  shall 
immediately  sit  down,  unless  permitted  to  explain;  and  the  Commission, 
if  appealed  to,  shall  decide  on  the  case;  if  there  be  no  appeal,  the  decision 
of  the  presiding  officer   shall  be   submitted   to.      If   the  decision    be    in 
favor  of    the    Commissioner  called    to    order,   he  shall  be  at    liberty   to 
proceed;   if  otherwise,  he  shall  not  be  at  liberty  to  proceed  without  leave 
of  the  Commission;  and  if  the  case  require  it,  he  shall  be  liable  to  the 
censure  of  the  Commission. 

10.  If   a  Commissioner   be  called  to  order  by  another  for  words 
spoken  in  debate,  the  exceptional  words  shall  be  immediately  taken  down 
in  writing  by  the  Secretary,  that  the  presiding  officer  may  be  better  able 
to  judge  of  the  matter. 

IT.  When  two  or  more  Commissioners  rise  at  once,  the  presiding 
officer  shall  name  the  Commissioner  who  first  addressed  the  Chair  as  the 
one  entitled  to  the  floor. 

12.  No  Commissioner  shall  speak  more  than  twice  to  the  same  ques- 
tion without  leave  of  the  Commission,  nor  more  than  once  until  every 
Commissioner  choosing  to  speak  shall  have  spoken.  But  the  Chairman 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  81 

of  a  committee   reporting,  or  the  mover  of    the   pending   resolution  or  second  ses- 

gjon — Sec- 

proposition,  shall  have  the  right  to  conclude  the  debate. 

13.  While  the  presiding  officer  is  putting  any  question  or  addressing 
the  Commission,  none  shall   walk  out  or  across  the  chamber;  nor  when 
a  Commissioner  is  speaking  shall  any  other  entertain  private  discourse, 
or  pass  between  him  and  the  Chair. 

14.  No    Commissioner  shall  vote  on  any  question  in  the  event  of 
which  he  is  immediately  or  particularly  interested,  or  in  any  case   where 
he  was  not  present  when  the  question  was  put,  unless  by  the  unanimous 
consent  of  the  Commission. 

15.  Every  Commissioner  who  shall  be   present  when  the  question 
is  put  shall   give  his  vote,  unless  the  Commission,  for  special   reasons, 
or  the  presiding  officer,  upon  being  satisfied  that  the  motion  or  request  is 
made  for  dilatory  purposes,  shall  excuse  him. 

16.  When  a  motion  is  made  and  seconded,  it  shall  be  stated  by  the 
presiding  officer,  or,  being  in  writing,  shall  be  handed   to  the  Chair,  and 
read  aloud  by  the  Clerk,  before  debated. 

17.  Every  motion  shall  be  reduced  to  writing,  if  the  presiding  offi- 
cer or  any  Commissioner  desire  it. 

1 8.  After  a  motion  is  stated  by  the  presiding  officer,  or  read  by  the 
Clerk,  it  shall  be  deemed  to  be  in  the  possession  of  the  Commission,  but 
may  be  withdrawn  if  there  be  no  objection  at  any  time  before  a  decision 
or  amendment. 

DIGNITY  AND    PRIVILEGE  OF  QUESTIONS. 

19.  When  a  question  is  under  debate,  no  motion  shall  be  received 
but  to  fix  the  time  to  which  the   Commission  shall  adjourn,  to  adjourn, 
to  lie  on  the  table,  for  the  previous  question,  to  postpone  to  a  day  certain, 
to  commit,  or  to  postpone  indefinitely,  which  several  motions  shall  have 
precedence  in  the  order  in  which  they  are  arranged. 

20.  When  a  motion  is  made  to  refer  any  subject,  and  different  com- 
mittees are  named,  the  question  shall  be  taken  in  the  following  order: 
i.  To  a  committee  of  the  whole.     2.  A  standing  committee.     3.  A  select 
committee. 

21.  A  motion  to  adjourn  shall  always  be  in  order;    that,  and  the 
motion  to  lie  on  the  table,  to  suspend  the  rules,  and  for  the  previous 
question,  shall  be  decided  without  debate. 

22.  The  previous  question  being  moved  and  seconded  by  not  less 
than  ten  Commissioners,  the  question  from  the  Chair  shall  be,  "  Shall  the 
main  question  be  now  put?"  and  if  the  nays  prevail,  the  main  question 
shall  not  then  be  put.     But  a  refusal  to  order  the  previous  question  shall 
not  bar  the  Commission  from  forthwith  proceeding  to  the  consideration 


82  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

secondjes-  of  the  subject.  The  effects  of  the  previous  question  shall  be  to  put  an 
end  to  a\\  debate  (except  that  the  chairman  of  the  committee  reporting, 
or  the  mover  of  the  pending  resolution  or  motion,  may  occupy  not  more 
than  twenty  (20)  minutes  in  concluding  the  debate  after  such  order)  and 
bring  the  Commission  to  a  direct  vote  upon  amendments  offered,  or  read 
for  information,  before  ordering  the  previous  question,  and  then  upon  the 
main  question.  After  the  previous  question  has  been  ordered,  and  until 
it  shall  have  been  exhausted,  no  motion  shall  be  allowed  by  the  presiding 
officer,  except  one  motion  to  adjourn,  and  to  fix  the  time  to  which  the 
Commission  shall  adjourn.  A  second  motion  for  the  previous  question 
shall  not  be  in  order  on  the  same  day,  upon  the  same  question,  at  the 
same  stage  thereof. 

23.  When  a  question  is  postponed  indefinitely,  the  same  shall  not 
be  acted  on  again  during  the  session. 

24.  Any   Commissioner  may  call  for   a    division    of  the    question, 
which  shall  be  divided,  if  it  comprehends  questions  so  distinct  that,  one 
being  taken  away,  the  rest  may  stand  entire  for  the  decision  of  the  Com- 
mission;   a  motion   to  strike  out  and    insert  shall   be  deemed   divisible. 
But  a  motion  to  strike  out  being  lost,  shall  preclude  neither  amendment 
nor  a  motion  to  strike  out  and  insert.     Nor  shall  a  motion  to  strike  out 
and  insert  one  thing,  being  lost,  preclude  a  motion  to  strike  out  and  in- 
sert a  different  thing. 

25.  Motions   and   reports   on  any  subject  may  be  committed  at  the 
pleasure  of  the  Commission. 

26.  A  motion  to  postpone,  or  commit  an  amendment,  thereby  to  sep- 
arate it  from  the  main  question,  shall  not  be  in  order. 

27.  No  motion  to  reconsider  any  vote  given   shall  be  made  unless 
within  two   days  (Sundays  excepted)  after  such  vote  was  given,  unless  a 
majority  of   three-fourths    present    concur   therein;    and    the    motion  to 
reconsider  shall  be  a  privileged  motion,  and  must  be  made  by  a  Commis- 
sioner who  voted  with  the  prevailing  side. 

28.  No  motion  or  proposition  different  from  that  under  considera- 
tion shall  be  admitted  under  color  of  amendment. 

29.  When  a  paper  is  first  presented  to  the  Commission,  it  shall  be 
a  matter  of  right   in   any  Commissioner  to  have  it  read  before  the  Com- 
mission shall  vote  upon  it.    If  the  paper  has  been  once  read,  or  the  read- 
ing dispensed  with,  arid  the  reading  be  again  required  and  objected  to, 
it  shall  be  determined  by  a  vote  of  the  Commission. 

30.  The  unfinished  business  in  which  the  Commission  was  engaged 
at  the  last  preceding  adjournment  shall  have  the  preference  in  that  class 
of  business  to  which   it  appropriately  belongs;    and  no   motion,  or  any 
other  business,  unless  a  privileged  one,  shall  be  received,  without  special 
leave  of  the  Commission,  until  the  former  is  disposed  of. 


Minutes  of  the   Second  Session.  83 

31.  The  standing  rules  of  the  Commission  and  the  regular  order  of 
0 

business  shall  not  be  suspended  or  interrupted,  unless  by  a  vote  of  two- 
thirds  of  the  Commissioners  present. 

32.  Communications,  memorials,  and  other  papers,  addressed  to  the 
Commission,  shall  be  presented  by  the  presiding  officer,  or  by  a  member 
in  his  place;  a  brief   statement  of  the  contents  thereof  shall  be  verbally 
made  by  the  introducer  before  received  or  disposed  of. 

33.  Upon  call  of  the  Commission  to  take  the  yeas  and  nays  on  any 
question,  the  names  of  the  Commissioners  at  Large  shall  first  be  called  in 
alphabetical  order,  then  the  Commissioners  of  the  States  in  the  alphabet- 
ical order  of  the  States;  then  the  Commissioners  of  the  Territories  in  the 
alphabetical  order  of  the  Territories;   and  then  the  Commissioners  of  the 
District  of  Columbia.     The  ayes  and  noes  shall  not  be   ordered  unless 
upon  the  demand  of  five  (5)  Commissioners. 

34.  No  committee  shall  sit  during  the   sitting  of  the  Commission 
without  special  leave. 

35.  All   questions   of   order  shall   be  noted  by  the  Clerk  upon  the 
Journal,  with  a  decision  thereon  when  an  appeal  shall  be  taken. 

36.  All  questions  relating  to  the  order  of  business  to  be  acted  upon 
shall  be  decided  without  debate. 

37.  Every  motion   to  alter,  change,  or  add  to  the  standing  rules  of 
the  Commission,  shall  be  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Rules,  By-Laws, 
and  Regulations.     And  all  resolutions  presented  shall  be  disposed  of  by 
the  Commission,  unless  postponed,  referred,  or  committed  to  a  committee. 

38.  An  order  to  lay  on  the  table  an  amendment,  or  substitute,  shall 
not  carry  with  it  the  original  proposition  or  motion. 

QUORUM. 

39.  A  quorum  shall  consist  of  not  less  than  a  majority  of  the  Com- 
missioners, but  the  Alternates  representing  absent  Commissioners  shall  be 
counted  as  Commissioners. 


Mr.  Mercer,  of  Wyoming,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  be,  and  he  is  hereby  directed  to  pro- 
cure another  hall  for  the  meetings  of  this  body  and  have  the  same  ready 
for  occupancy  to-morrow  morning  at  10  o'clock;  and  in  the  selection  of  a 
room,  the  matter  of  acoustics  is  to  be  considered,  as  also  some  accommo- 
dations in  the  way  of  retiring  and  toilet  rooms. 

Mr.  Butt,  of  West  Virginia,  moved  the  following  amendment 

That  a  committee  of  five  be  appointed  by  the  President  to  act  with 
the  Secretary  in  selecting  another  hall. 


84  World?  s   Columbian  Commission. 

second  ses-          The  Secretary  had  the  clerk  read  the  resolution  by  which  he  was 

sion— Sec- 
ond Day.    instructecj  to  secure  a  hall  for  the  use  of  the  Commission,  and  stated  that 

after  careful  examination  of  a  number  of  halls,  the  one  finally  selected  was 
found  to  be  the  most  convenient,  centrally  located,  and  generally  eligible. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  moved  to  lay  the  matter  on  the  table. 
A  division  was  called  for  and  the  motion  was  lost:  Ayes,  34;  noes,  45. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Upshur,  alternate  from  Maryland,  it  was  voted 
that  no  other  hall  be  accepted  unless  provided  with  individual  desks. 

The  amendment  of  Mr.  Butt  was  adopted,  and  the  original  resolu- 
tion as  amended  was  unanimously  carried. 

The  President  appointed,  as  the  Select  Committee  to  act  with  the 
Secretary  and  procure  another  hall,  Messrs.  Mercer,  Butt,  Kerens,  Har- 
rison, and  Adams. 

Mr.  Way,  of  Georgia,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  Report  of  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organiza- 
tion be  accepted  and  adopted,  and  that  they  be  discharged  from  further 
service,  with  the  thanks  of  the  Commission  for  the  faithful  performance  of 
the  duties  intrusted  to  them. 

Mr.  McKenzie  offered  the  following  as  a  substitute  for  the  resolution 
of  Mr.  Way: 

I  move  the  adoption  of  the  Report  of  the  Committee  on  Permanent 
Organization,  made  yesterday  by  its  Chairman,  and  that  the  two  subse- 
quent reports  made  from  the  same  Committee  lie  on  the  table  for  future 
consideration,  and  that  the  Committee  be  discharged. 

After  protracted  debate  the  substitute  was  adopted,  and  a  motion  of 
Mr.  McKenzie  to  reconsider  the  vote  and  to  lay  that  motion  on  the  table 
was  carried. 

At  12  o'clock  noon  the  report  of  the  Judiciary  Committee,  being  the 
special  order,  was  called  up  by  Mr.  Lindsay,  of  Kentucky,  Chairman  of 
the  Committee,  who  moved  the  adoption  of  the  report. 

Recess.  Mr.  Bromberg,  of  Alabama,  moved  that  the  report  be  recommitted 

with  instructions,  and  pending  debate,  the  Commission  adjourned  at  12.30. 


The  Commission  reassembled  at  2.30  p.  M.,  and  Mr.  Mercer,  as  Chair- 
man of  the  Select  Committee  to  act  with  the  Secretary  in  securing  another 
hall,  presented  the  following  report: 
Hon.  THOS.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

SIR:  Your  Committee  appointed  in  conjunction  with  Secretary  Dick- 
inson to  secure  another  hall  for  the  meetings  of  the  Commission,  beg 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  85 

leave  to  report  that  they  have  examined  several  places,  and  at  the  sug-  second  ses- 

3  &       sion— Sec- 

gestion  of  Mr.  W.  R.  Kerr,  a  member  of  the  City  Council,  and  through  ondDay. 
the  courtesy  of  Hon.  Wm.  J.  Onahan,  City  Comptroller  and  Acting  Mayor, 
they  have  secured,  free  of  charge,  the  use  of  the  Council  Chamber,  which 
in  all  its  appointments  is  equal  to  the  United  States  Senate  Chamber;  and 
we  recommend,  therefore,  that  when  the  Commission  adjourns  they  ad- 
journ to  meet  in  the  Council  Chamber  of  the  City  of  Chicago.  All  of 
which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

ASA  S.  MERCER, 

Chairman. 

Mr.  Goodell,  of  Colorado,  moved  that  the  report  be  adopted,  and 
that  the  Commission  adjourn  at  once  to  the  Council  Chamber,  which  was 
carried  on  a  division.  Ayes,  24;  noes,  21. 

Mr.  McClelland,  of  Pennsylvania,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  in  removing  from  this  hall  the  members  of  this  Com- 
mission desire  to  return  their  thanks  to  Messrs.  A.  H.  Andrews  &  Co., 
the  proprietors  of  this  building,  for  the  very  moderate  rental  charged  for 
the  use  of  the  hall  and  the  gratuitous  work  done  in  furnishing  and  arrang- 
ing the  same. 

The  Commission  then    adjourned,  and  reassembled  at  3  o'clock,  in  Recess, 
the  Council  Chamber.     President  Palmer  in  the  chair. 

Mr.  McKenzie,  moved,  and  it  was  voted,  that  Commissioners  take 
seats  temporarily  as  they  come  into  the  hall,  and  that  the  Secretary 
arrange  the  permanent  seats  in  accordance  with  the  plan  adopted  at  the 
last  place  of  meeting. 

Mr.  Bromberg  reduced  his  pending  resolution  to  writing  as  follows: 

Resolved,  That  the  report  of  the  Judiciary  Committee,  defining  the 
rights,  duties,  and  powers  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  be 
referred  back  to  said  Committee,  with  instructions  to  confer  with  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  and  with  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition,  for  the  purpose  of  ascertaining  what  are  the  rela- 
tive rights,  duties,  and  powers  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission, 
and  of  the  corporation  of  Illinois  known  as  the  World's  Columbian  Expo- 
sition; and  to  report  upon  and  define  the  rights,  duties,  and  powers  of 
this  Commission  and  of  said  corporation. 

[Vice-President  Waller  in  the  chair.] 

After  considerable  debate  the  resolution  was  lost,  and  the  motion 
of  Mr.  Lindsay  to  adopt  the  report  and  discharge  the  Committee  was 
adopted,  and  the  motion  of  Mr.  Way  to  reconsider  and  to  lay  that  motion 
on  the  table  was  carried. 


86  Worlds   Columbian,   Commission. 

second Ses-  Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  offered  the  following1  resolution: 

sion— Sec- 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  highest  duty  of  this  Commission,  in  the  dis- 
charge of  the  trusts,  reposed  in  it  by  the  act  of  Congress,  to  perform  such 
of  its  functions  as  have  a  special  relation  to  the  general  scope  of  the 
Exposition,  in  such  manner  as  will  emphasize  and  maintain  the  National 
and  International  character  thereof;  and  that  among  these  functions  none 
is  more  significant  in  this  behalf  than  that  of  the  selection  of  the  Director- 
General,  who,  as  the  general  ministerial  officer  of  the  Commission,  will  be 
peculiarly  representative  of  the  character  of  the  Exposition;  and,  to  this 
end, 

Resolved,  That  this  Commission  hereby  reconsiders  the  action  here- 
tofore taken  determining  the  mode  of  selecting  a  Director-General;  and 
that  such  officer  shall  be  chosen  by  the  Commission,  without  the  recom- 
mendatory action  of  any  committee,  on  Wednesday  next,  at  i  \  30  o'clock 
A.  M. 

Mr.  Bullene,  of  Missouri,  demanded  the  regular  order,  but  the  Vice- 
President  ruled  that  Mr.  Groner's  resolution  was  in  order.  After  some 
debate  the  resolution  was  put  to  vote,  and  lost. 

Mr.  McDonald  called  up  the  Report  of  the  Sub-Committee  to  the 
Committee  on  Permanent  Organization  in  regard  to  Mines  and  Mining. 

After  some  debate,  on  motion  of  Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  the 
report  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Mines  and  Mining  when  ap- 
pointed. 

Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  called  up  the  Report  of  the  Sub-Com- 
mittee of  the  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization,  on  the  powers  and 
duties  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers. 

Mr.  Mclntyre,  of  Vermont,  moved  that  the  report  be  referred  to  the 
Executive  Committee  when  appointed. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  moved   to  amend  and  refer  the  report  to 

the  Committee  on  Rules,  By-Laws,  and  Regulations,  and  after  considerable 

debate  Mr.  Mclntyre  accepted  the  amendment  and  the  motion  prevailed, 

the  Committee  being  directed  to  report  Thursday  morning. 

one  Daily  ]yjr   gewell,  of  New   Jersey,  moved   to   reconsider  the  vote   by  which 

o68S10U. 

two  daily  sessions  were  ordered,  and  to  fix  one  daily  session,  beginning  at 
10  o'clock  and  ending  at  2  p.  M.  After  some  debate  the  motion  was  unan- 
imously carried. 

Mr.  Holliday,  of  Kansas,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted: 
Corpus-  l\c~olreii    That  the   thanks   of    the   World's   Columbian   Commission 

tion  and 

c£car8o°f  are  herebv  tendered  to  Comptroller  Onahan,  of  Chicago,  and  to  Alderman 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  87 

Kerr,  and  to  the  City  of  Chicago,  for  the  use  of  the  Council  Chamber  of  second  ses- 
sion—see- 
the City  of  Chicago  during  the  sessions  of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  Hundley,  of  Alabama,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  be  requested  to  furnish  this  Commission, 
as  near  as  practicable,  before  its  adjournment  at  the  present  session,  with 
a  statement  of  the  amount  of  the  appropriation  of  funds  which  have  been 
consumed,  and  the  amount  of  outstanding  obligations  of  the  Commission 
to  date. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Goodell,  of  Colorado,  the  resolution  was  referred 
to  the  Committee  on  Finance  when  appointed. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Martindale,  the  Committee  on  Rules,  By-Laws,  and 
Regulations  was  instructed  to  report  rules  fixing  salaries  for  such  officers 
as  the  Commission  has  already  appointed. 

The  report  of  the  Committee  on  Rules,  By-Laws,  and  Regulations 
was  taken  up,  and  after  some  debate  was  unanimously  adopted. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  until  10  o'clock  Wednesday  morning. 


Second  Session— Third  Day,  Wednesday,  Sept.  17,  1890. 

The  Commission  met  at  10  A.  M.     President  Palmer  in  the   chair,  second  ses- 
sion— 

Third  Day. 

ROLL  CALL. 

COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE. — California,  M.  L.  McDonald;  Kentucky, Roii-eaii. 
W.  Lindsay;    Massachusetts,  A.  G.    Bullock;    Michigan,  T.  W.    Palmer; 
Missouri,   R.  C.  Kerens;  New  York,  G.  W.  Allen;  Pennsylvania,  P.  A.  B. 
Widener;  Texas,  H.  Exall. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  STATES. — Alabama,  F.  G.  Bromberg,  O.  R.  Hund- 
ley; Arkansas,  J.  D.  Adams,  L.  Gregg;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J.  V. 
Skiff;  Connecticut,  T.  M.  Waller;  Delaware,  G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H.  Porter; 
Florida,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turnbull;  Georgia,  L.  McLaws,  C.  H.  Way;  Idaho, 
G.  A.  Manning;  Illinois,  C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T.  Ewing;  Indiana,  T.  E.  Gar- 
vin,  E.  B.  Martindale;  Iowa,  W.  I.  Buchanan,  J.  Hayes,  alternate;  Kansas, 
C  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  F.  W.  Lanyon,  alternate;  Kentucky,  J.  Bennett,  J.  A.. 
McKenzie;  Louisiana,  D.  B.  Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate;  Maine,  A. 
R.  Bixby,  C  S  Edwards,  alternate;  Maryland,  L.  Lowndes,  G.  M.  Upshur, 
alternate;  Massachusetts,  F.  W.  Breed;  Michigan,  M.  H.  Lane,  C.  H. 
Richmond;  Minnesota,  M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V.  Tousley;  Mississippi,  J.  M. 


88  World's    Columbian    Commission. 

second ses-  Bvnum,  R.  L.  Saundcrs;   Missouri,  T.  B.  Bnllene:   Montana,  L.  H.  Hersh- 

sion-Tbird      J 

field;  Nebraska,  Euclid  Martin,  A.  G.  Scott;  Nevada,  J.  W.  Haines,  G. 
Russell;  New  Hampshire,  F.  E.  Kaley,  alternate;  New  Jersey,  W.  J.  Sew- 
ell,  T.  Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H.  Breslin,  alternate;  North 
Carolina,  T.  B.  Keogh;  North  Dakota,  H.  P.  Rucker,  M.  Ryan;  Ohio,  W. 
Ritchie,  L.  C.  Cron,  alternate;  Oregon,  M.  Wilkins,  J.  L.  Morrow,  alter- 
nate; Pennsylvania,  W.  McClelland,  J.  W.  Woodside;  Rhode  Island,  L. 
B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina,  J.  R.  Cochran,  E.  L.  Roche,  alternate; 
South  Dakota,  M.  H.  Day,  L.  S.  Bullard,  alternate;  Tennessee,  R.  Strong, 
alternate;  A.  B.  Hurt,  alternate;  Texas,  A.  M.  Cochran,  J.  T.  Dickinson; 
Vermont,  H.  H.  Mclntyre,  B.  B.  Smalley;  Virginia,  V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T. 
Harris;  Washington,  W.  Bingham,  alternate,  C.  B.  Bagley,  alternate;  West 
Virginia,  J.  D.  Butt,  J.  W.  St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,  P.  Allen,  Jr.;  Wyoming, 
H.  G.  Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate;  Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats;  New  Mexico, 
T.  C.  Gutierres,  R.  M.  White;  Oklahoma,  O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah, 
P.  H.  Lannan,  W.  M.  Ferry,  alternate;  District  of  Columbia,  A.  A.  Wil- 
son, E.  K.  Johnson,  alternate. 

Mr.  Smalley,  of  Vermont,  moved  that  the  reading  of  the  minutes  be 
dispensed  with,  and  that  the  minutes  for  previous  sessions  be  approved  as 
printed.  A  division  was  called  for  and  the  motion  prevailed;  ayes,  36; 
noes,  2. 

The  President  announced  the  appointment  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee as  follows: 

EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE. 
Members  of          M.  L.  McDonald,  Commissioner-at-Large;  R.  C.  Kerens,  Commis- 

theExecu- 

mlttee0m"  sioner-at-Large;  Henry  Exall,  Commissioner-at-Large;  P.  A.  B.  Widener, 
Commissioner-at-Large;  Jno.  T.  Harris,  Virginia;  Wm.  J.  Sewell,  New 
Jersey;  B.  B.  Smalley,  Vermont;  E.  B.  Martindale,  Indiana;  Jno.  Boyd 
Thacher,  New  York;  Francis  W.  Breed,  Massachusetts;  Euclid  Martin, 
Nebraska;  Reese  R.  Price,  Kansas;  M.  B.  Harrison,  Minnesota;  Jas.  D. 
Butt,  West  Virginia;  Adlai  T.  Ewing,  Illinois;  Wm.  F.  King,  Iowa;  H. 
P.  Platt,  Ohio;'  L.  McLaws,  Georgia;  T.  L.  Williams,  Tennessee;  Joseph 
Hirst,  Florida;  R.  L.  Saunders,  Mississippi;  L.  H.  Hershfield,  Montana; 
R.  E.  Goodell,  Colorado;  A.  T.  Britton,  District  of  Columbia;  Jas.  A. 
McKenzie,  Kentucky;  the  President,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  by 
resolution  of  the  Commission  adopted  July  ist,  1890. 


Minutes   of  the   Second   Session.  89 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  for  the  Committee  on  Rules,  By-Laws,  second  ses- 

J  '   sion— Third 

and  Regulations,  submitted  the  following  report  : 

REPORT  of  the  Committee  on  Rules,  By-Laws,  and  Regulations  of  the  By-  B^0°£. 
Laws  for  the  Government  of  the  Commission.  RuieTaiS 

By-Laws. 

BY-LAWS  OF  THE  WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN  COMMISSION. 

ARTICLE  FIRST. 

Official  Title. 

This  body  shall  be  known  by  the  title  of  the  "  World's  Columbian  Commission," 
as  designated  by  the  act  of  Congress,  approved  April  25,  1890;  and  the  celebration 
with  reference  to  which  the  Commission  is  created  shall  be  known  as  the  "World's 
Columbian  Exposition." 

ARTICLE  SECOND 

Quorum. 

A  quorum  for  the  transaction  of  business  shall  consist  of  not  less  than  a  majority 
of  the  Commissioners,  but  the  Alternates  representing  absent  Commissioners  shall 
be  counted  as  Commissioners. 

ARTICLE  THIRD. 

Powers  of  Alternate  Commissioner. 

An  Altern-ite  Commissioner  shall  assume  and  perform  the  duties  of  the  Commis- 
sioner whose  Alternate  he  is  only  when  his  principal  may  be  unable  to  attend  the 
meetings  of  the  Commission.  Service  upon  standing  or  special  committees  shall 
not  devolve  upon  an  Alternate  Commissioner  whose  principal  is  a  member  thereof, 
unless  in  the  absence  of  such  principal  service  upon  such  committee  shall  be  specially 
assigned  to  the  Alternate  by  the  Commission. 

ARTICLE  FOURTH. 
Officers  of  the  Commission. 

The  officers  of  this  Commission  shall  consist  of  a  President,  whose  official 
title  shall  be  President  of  the  "World's  Columbia!)  Commission;"  five  Vice-Presi- 
dents, who  shall  be  denominated,  First,  Second,  Third,  Fourth,  and  Fifth  Vice- 
President;  the  First  Vice-President  shall  be  of  opposite  politics  to  the  President, 
and  the  other  four  shall  be  divided  equally  in  politics;  a  Secretary;  a  Director- 
General;  all  of  whom  shall  hold  their  offices  at  the  pleasure  of  the  Commission, 
and  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  authorized  by  Section  6  of  the  act  of  Congress, 
of  the  number  hereinafter  specified,  and  as  heretofore  fixed  by  the  Commission. 

ARTICLE  FIFTH. 
Executive  Committee. 

There  shall  be  an  Executive  Committee,  consisting  of  twenty-six  members,  of 
whom  the  President  shall  be  one,  and  ex-officio  Chairman,  and  the  remaining  twenty- 
five  shall  be  by  him  appointed  in  accordance  with  the  spirit  of  the  act  of  Congress. 
The  said  Committee,  when  the  Commission  is  not  in  session,  shall  have  all  the 
powers  of  the  National  Commission,  except  in  cases  in  which  the  act  of  Con- 
gress requires  the  action  of  the  Commission  or  a  majority  of  the  Commissioners. 
A  majority  of  its  members  shall  constitute  a  quorum,  and  the  Committee  may  make 
such  regulations  for  its  own  government  and  the  exercise  of  its  functions  through  the 
medium  of  such  Sub-Committees  as  it  may  consider  expedient.  This  Committee 


90  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Second  Ses-  shall  select  such  employes  and  agents  as  may  be  necessary,  sharll  define  their  duties 
Day7     r   and  fix  their  compensation.     They  shall  report  fully  all  their  transactions  to  the 
Commission  at  its  stated  and  special   meetings.     In  case  of  any  vacancy  in  the 
Committee,  the  same  shall  be  filled  fey  appointment  by  the  President. 

ARTICLE  SIXTH. 
Duties  of  tJie  President. 

The  President  shall  preside  over  all  the  meetings  of  the  Commission,  and  shall 
appoint  all  committees,  unless  otherwise  directed  by  the  Commission,  and  he  shall 
have  all  the  powers  and  authority  incident  to  the  office  of  President.  The  Preside  nt 
may,  and,  at  the  written  request  of  a  majority  of  the  Executive  Committee  or  of 
one-third  of  the  members  of  the  Commission  shall,  call  a  meeting  of  the  Commission, 
by  giving  each  member  reasonable  notice  of  the  time  and  place  of  such  meeting. 

ARTICLE   SEVENTH. 
Duties  of  the    Vice-President*. 

The  Vice-Presidents  shall,  in  the  absence  of  the  President,  perform  his  duties, 
each  taking  precedence  in  numerical  order,  and,  if  all  the  Vice-Presidents  be  absent, 
the  Commission  shall  elect  a  temporary  presiding  officer. 

ARTICLE  EIGHTH. 
Duties  of  the  Secretary. 

The  Secretary  shall  conduct  the  correspondence  of  the  Commission  and  be  the 
custodian  of  all  documents  and  records  relating  to  its  business.  He  shall  keep  a  full 
and  accurate  record  of  its  proceedings  and  of  those  of  the  Executive  Committee,  and 
shall  make  report  of  same,  from  time  to  time,  as  he  may  be  required.  He  shall  have 
power  to  appoint  such  assistant  secretaries,  and  select  such  clerical  force,  as  shall  be; 
necessary  properly  to  conduct  the  business  of  the  Commission,  subject  to  the  approval 
of  the  Executive  Committee.  He  shall  keep  all  the  accounts  of  the  Commission  and 
certify  the  same  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  for  payment  All  papers,  accounts, 
and  records  in  his  custody  shall  at  all  times  be  open  to  inspection  on  the  demand  of 
any  Commissioner. 

ARTICLE  NINTH. 

Duties  of  the  Director- General, 

He  shall  exercise  such  supervision,  direction,  and  control  of  the  operation  of  the 
"  World's  Columbian  Exposition,"  within  the  domain  of  the  powers  possessed  by  the 
Commission,  as  will  tend  to  promote  the  efficiency  of  every  agency  employed.  He 
shall  be  authorized  and  instructed  to  assume  and  exercise  all  such  executive  powers 
and  functions  as  shall  be  necessary  to  secure  promptness,  efficiency,  and  good  faith 
in  every  department  of  the  work  within  the  purview  of  the  authority  of  this  Com- 
mission, and  shall  make  report  of  his  proceedings  to  the  Executive  Committee  at  such 
times  and  in  such  manner  as  shall  be  required  by  said  Committee,  and  shall  in  all 
matters  be  subject  to  the  direction  and  control  of  the  Executive  Committee. 

ARTICLE  TENTH. 
Standing    Committees. 
COMMITTEE  ON  JUDICIARY,  RULES,  AND  BY-LAWS, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Whose  duties  shall  be  to  formulate  rules  and  by-laws  for  submission  to  the  Com- 
mission, and  to  consider  and  report  on  such  matters  as  may  be  referred  to  them  by 
the  Commission. 


Minutes  of  the   Second   Session.  91 

COMMITTEE  ON  TARIFFS  AND  TRANSPORTATION,  Second  ses- 

sion— Third 
consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners,  Day- 

Which  shall  have  consideration  of  all  matters  relating  to  tariffs,  bonding  and 
releasing  of  goods,  and  the  transportation  of  goods  that  may  be  referred  to  them  by 
the  National  Commission,  in  conjunction  with  such  officers  of  the  Treasury  as  may 
be  appointed. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FOREIGN  AFFAIRS, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  foreign  exhibits  of  the 
Exposition  that  may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  National  Commission  or  the  Exec- 
utive Committee. 

COMMITTEE  ON  LEGISLATION, 

consisting  of  two  Commissioners  from  each  State  and  Territory, 
Which  shall  have  consideration  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  National,  State,  Ter- 
ritorial, or  Municipal  legislation  affecting  this  Exposition. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FINE  ARTS, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  Fine  Arts  wrhich  may  be 
referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 

COMMITTEE  ON  SCIENCE,  HISTORY,  LITERATURE,  AND  EDUCATION, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

'Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  subjects  that  may  be 
referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 

COMMITTEE  ON  AGRICULTURE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  Agriculture. 
COMMITTEE  ON  LIVE  STOCK, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  Live  Stock,  including  Do- 
mestic Animals,  Poultry,  and  Birds  of  all  varieties. 

COMMITTEE  ON  HORTICULTURE  AND  FLORICULTURE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  subjects. 
COMMITTEE  ON  FINANCE, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  expenditures  of  this 
Commission  under  the  act  of "  Congress,  or  such  other  matters  of  finance  as  maybe 
referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 
COMMITTEE  ON  AUDITING, 

consisting  of  four  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  examining  and  auditing  all  bills  and  accounts  of  the 
Commission. 

COMMITTEE  ON  CEREMONIES, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  inauguration  of  the 
World's  Columbian  Exposition,  and  all  ceremonies  connected1  from  time  to  time 
therewith. 


slon— Third 


92  World's   Columbian    Commission. 

SecondSes-  COMMITTEE   ON   CLASSIFICATION, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  subjects  pertaining  to  the  classification  of  exhibits, 
and  the  limitation  of  space  therefor,  as  may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MANUFACTURES, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  this  subject,  or  that  may 
be  referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 

COMMITTEE  ON  COMMERCE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  Commerce  that  may  be 
referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MINES  AND  MINING, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  metallurgy,  mines,  and 
mining  processes,  or  such  as  may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 
COMMITTEE  ON  FISHERIES  AND  FISH  CULTURE, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  subjects. 
COMMITTEE  ON  ELECTRICITY  AND  ELECTRICAL  APPLIANCES, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  subjects. 
COMMITTEE  ON  FORESTRY  AND  LUMBER, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 
Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  subjects. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MACHINERY, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  machinery,  or  that  may  be 
referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 

•     COMMITTEE  ON  WORLD'S  CONGRESSES, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Who  shall  act  in  connection  with  the  Local  Directory  in  arranging  for  the 
exhibits  or  meetings  of  any  World's  Congress  that  may  desire  to  assemble  here 
during  the  Exposition. 

ARTICLE  ELEVENTH. 

Board  of  Lady  Managers. 

The  Board  of  Lady  Managers  shall  consist  of  two  women  from  each  State  and 
Territory  and  the  District  of  Columbia,  to  be  nominated  by  the  Commissioners  from 
the  several  States  and  Territories  and  the  District  of  Columbia,  and  of  one  woman 
to  be  nominated  by  each  of  the  Commissioners  at-Large,  and  to  be  appointed  by  the 
President;  and,  also,  nin  women  of  the  City  of  Chicago,  to  be  appointed  by  the 
President,  as  has  been  expressly  determined  by  the  resolution  of  the  Commission; 
and  a  like  number  of  alternates,  to  be  appointed  in  the  same  manner  as  the  principals 
and  to  assume  the  duties  and  functions  of  such  principals  only  when  the  principals 
are  unable  to  attend.  Principals  and  alternates  shall  be  duly  commissioned  in  accord- 
ance with  the  direction  of  the  Commission.  The  Board  of  Lady  Managers  shall  be 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  93 

convened  by  the  President  of  this  Commission  at  such  times  and  places  as  lie  may  second  Ses- 
deem  proper,  and  at  the  first  meeting  organized  by  the  election  of  a  Chairman  and  Day7 
Secretary.  The  Chairman  and  Secretary  shall  not  be  entitled  to  any  compensation 
other  than  that  fixed  in  this  article  for  each  member  of  the  Board.  The  members  of 
this  Board  shall  be  officers  of  the  Commission  and  shall  perform  such  duties  in  con- 
nection with  the  Woman's  Department  of  the  Exposition  as  may  be  prescribed  by 
the  Executive  Committee  of  this  Commission.  Each  member  of  the  Board  shall  be 
entitled  to  receive  $6.00  per  day  for  each  day  necessarily  absent  from  home  engaged 
in  the  work  of  the  Commission,  and  also  the  expenses  for  transportation  actually 
incurred  by  her  on  that  account.  The  alternates  shall  receive  no  compensation 
nor  expenses  of  transportation  except  in  cases  where  their  principals  are  unable  to 
attend  to  the  duties  assigned  to  them;  provided,  however,  that  no  Lady  Manager 
or  alternate  shall  receive  compensation  for  more  than  ten  days  during  the  fiscal  year 
ending  June  30,  1891,  or  for  more  than  twenty  days  during  the  fiscal  year  ending 
June  30,  1892,  nor  for  more  than  twenty  days  during  the  time  intervening  between 
June  30,  1892,  and  May  1,  1893;  and  from  and  after  the  last  mentioned  date  they 
shall  be  allowed  for  so  many  days'  service  as  shall  be  performed  by  them  under 
the  order  and  direction  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  this  Commission,  and  no 
such  member  or  alternate  shall  receive  expenses  for  transportation  except  the  travel 
be  authorized  by  the  President  of  the  Commission,  or  by  the  Executive  Committee 
thereof,  and  certified  accordingly. 

ARTICLE  TWELFTH. 

Stated  Meetings. 

There  shall  be  two  stated  meetings  of  the  Commission  in  each  year  during  the 
existence  of  the  Commission,  to  be  held  on  the  first  Wednesday  of  April  and  on  the 
first  Wednesday  in  September  in  each  year,  respectively,  commencing  with  the  first 
Wednesday  of  April,  1891. 

ARTICLE  THIRTEENTH. 

Special  Meetings. 

Special  meetings  shall  be  held  upon  the  call  of  the  President,  and  such  call 
therefor  may  be  made  on  his  own  motion,  and  shall  be  made  at  the  \vritten  request 
of  the  Executive  Committee,  or  of  one-third  of  the  members  of  the  Commission,  and 
reasonable  notice  and  the  time  and  place  of  such  meeting  shall  be  given  to  each 
Commissioner. 

ARTICLE  FOURTEENTH. 
Reports  of  Disbursements. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission,  and  of  any  and  all  other 
officers  thereof  authorized  or  empowered  to  certify  any  account  or  voucher  for 
expenses  incurred  in  the  work  of  this  Commission,  to  report  the  same  in  detail  at  least 
once  each  month,  and  before  the  tenth  day  thereof,  to  the  Executive  Committee,  and 
to  make  detailed  reports  of  the  same  to  this  Commission  at  each  of  its  stated  or 
special  meetings,  and  not  later  than  the  third  day  of  each  meeting. 

ARTICLE  FIFTEENTH. 

Salaries  of  Officers. 

Annual  salaries  shall  be  paid  to  the  President,  Secretary,  and  Director-General 
as  follows: 

To  the  President,  a  salary  of  $12,000. 
To  the  Secretary,  a  salary  of  $10,000. 
To  the  Director-General,  a  salary  of  $15,000. 


94  World's    Columbian   Commission. 

Second  Ses-          And  such  salaries  shall  commence  to  accrue  from  the  date  each  has  assumed, 

gon-Thlrd  Qr  ghall  assume>  the  duties  Of  his  office> 


ARTICLE  SIXTEENTH. 

Amendments. 

Amendments  shall  only  be  made  by  a  two-thirds  vote  of  the  Commissioners 
present;  and  all  propositions  to  alter  or  amend  shall  be  referred  to  the  Committee 
on  Rules,  By-Laws,  and  Regulations,  and  be  by  it  considered  before  any  final  action 
thereon  by  the  Commission. 

WILLIAM  LINDSAY,  Chairman* 

GEORGE  V.  MASSEY, 

L.  GREGG, 

PHILIP  ALLEN,  JR., 

J.  W.  ST.  GLAIR, 

B.  B.  SMALLEY, 

OSCAR  R.  HUNDLEY, 

W.  J.  SEWELL. 


Mr.  Cochran,  of  Texas,  moved  that  the  report  be  adopted,  as  a  whole. 
[Vice-President  Waller  in  the  chair.] 

Mr.  McKenzie  offered  the  following  amendment  to  that  section 
of  the  report  constituting  the  Committee  on  Legislation: 

That  the  Alternate  Commissioners  from  each  of  the  States,  Terri- 
tories, and  the  District  of  Columbia,  be  added  to  the  Committee  on 
Legislation. 

Mr.  Massey  raised  the  point  of  order  that  the  amendment  required 
the  previous  reconsideration  of  a  portion  of  the  proceedings  of  the  first 
session  of  the  Commission. 

The  Vice-President  ruled  that  the  point  of  order  was  not  well  taken. 

After  protracted  debate,  and  the  submission  and  rejection  of  several 
amendments,  the  amendment  of  Mr.  McKenzie  was  adopted. 

Several  amendments  to  Article  Eleventh  of  the  By-Laws  were  pro- 
posed, which  were  rejected  or  withdrawn,  and  one  by  Mr.  Groner,  of 
Virginia,  was  adopted,  and  on  a  further  motion  to  amend  by  Mr.  Groner, 
Article  Eleventh  was  ordered  recommitted  as  a  whole,  with  instructions 
to  the  Committee  to  report  amendments  in  the  line  indicated  by  the 
result  of  the  several  votes  taken  during  the  progress  of  the  debate. 

The  Vice-President  then  took  up  the  report  of  the  Committee  seriatim, 
and,  reading  the  title  to  each  Article,  called  for  amendments,  announcing 
that,  unless  amendment  or  objection  were  made,  the  Articles  would  be 
declared  adopted. 


Minutes  of  the   Second   Session.  95 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Sewell.  of  New  Jersey,  there  was  inserted  after  the  second  ses- 
sion-Third 

title,  "  Committee  on  Forestry,"  in  Article  Ten,  the  following: 

COMMITTEE  ON  PRINTING,  committee 

on  Print- 
consisting  of  six  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  this  subject 
that  may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  Commission. 

Mr.  Gregg,  of  Arkansas,  offered  the  following  substitute  for  Article 
Fifteenth: 

The  President  of  this  Columbian  Commission  shall  receive  the  same 
salary  as  a  Senator  in  the  United  States  Congress. 

The  Secretary  of  this  Commission  shall  receive  the  same  salary  as  a 
Member  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  Congress. 

The  Director-General  of  this  Commission  shall  receive  the  same 
salary  as  the  Chief- Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States. 

Each  officer  to  be  paid  from. date  of  entering  upon  the  duties  of  such 
office. 

Mr.  Hundley,  of  Alabama,  moved  to  lay  the  substitute  on  the  table, 
but  when  informed  that  such  motion  would  cut  off  debate,  withdrew  it  in 
order  to  give  Mr.  Gregg  an  opportunity  to  address  the  Commission.  After 
some  debate  the  substitute  was  unanimously  rejected. 

Mr.  Holliday,  of  Kansas,  offered  the  following  amendment  to  Article 
Fifteenth: 

The  salary  of  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission  shall  be  $12,000  per 
annum. 

Mr.  Smith,  of  New  Jersey,  asked  what  salary  was  paid  the  Secretary 
of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  Association,  of  Chicago,  and  the 
Vice-President  was  authorized  by  Mr.  T.  B.  Bryan,  who  had  been  invited 
to  a  seat  beside  the  Chair,  to  report  that  Mr.  Butterworth's  salary  is 
$10,000  per  year. 

Mr.  Holli day's  amendment  was  rejected  and  the  section  was  unani- 
mously adopted. 

Mr.  Hundley,  of  Alabama,  offered  the  following  resolution  which  was 
adopted  : 

Resolved,  That  rule  37  be  amended  as  follows:  Strike  out  the  words 
"Rules,  By-Laws,  and  Regulations/'  and  insert  in  lieu  thereof  the  words 
"  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws." 

The  question  was  then  put  on  the  adoption  of  the  report  of  the 
Committee  on  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws  as  a  whole,  with  the 
exception  of  the  article  recommitted,  and  it  was  adopted. 


96  World's   Columbian    Commission. 

second  ses-          Mr.  Way,  of  Georgia,  offered   the  following:  resolution,  which  was 

aion— Third 

Day-          adopted: 
Election  of  Resolved,  That  as  soon  as  the  Executive  Committee  shall  have  reported 

Director- 
General,    to  this  Commission  their  choice  for  Director-General,  it  shall  be  in  order 

for  any  member  of   this  Commission  to  nominate  a  candidate  for  that 
position. 

After  all  such  nominations  have  been  made,  the  election  of  Director 
General  shall  proceed  by  written  ballot,  and  the  nominee  receiving  a»ma- 
jority  of  the  votes  of  this  Commission  shall  be  declared  Director-General 
of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

Mr.  Garvin,  of  Indiana,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  report  of  the  Secretary,  presented  to  this  Commis- 
sion, be  approved,  and  that  the  portion  of  said  report  relating  to  the  ex- 
penses incurred  and  advanced  by  the  Secretary  in  connection  with  his 
office  be  referred  to  the  Auditing  Committee  for  action,  when  said  Com- 
mittee shall  have  been  created  and  organized. 

Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  adopted: 

Mordered  Resolved,     That  the  Secretary  is  hereby  instructed  to  have  printed  in 

printed  pamphlet  form,  for  the  use  of  this  Commission,  the  law  of  Congress  cre- 
ating this  Commission;  the  names  of  the  Commissioners,  and  their  alter- 
nates; the  several  Committees,  including  the  duties  required  of  them,  and 
the  names  of  Commissioners  appointed  on  such  Committees,  and  the  by- 
laws, rules,  and  regulations  adopted  by  the  Commissioners. 

Mr.  Groner,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Titles  and  Local 
Facilities,  presented  the  following  report: 

CHICAGO,  Sept.  lyth,  1890. 

To  the  Hon.  Thomas  IV.  Palmer,  President  World's  Columbian  Commission: 
RtEercom-  Your  Committee  on  Titles  and  Local  Facilities  beg  to  submit  the  fol- 

mittee  on    ,        •  i  •      • 

Titles,  etc.  lowing  preliminary  report: 

Since  the  loth  inst.,  the  first  day  after  the  Directors  of  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  took  final  action  on  the  location  of  the  site,  your 
Committee  has  diligently  prosecuted  its  investigations  and  collected  a 
large  amount  of  information  on  the  questions  referred  to  it;  but,  before 
reaching  a  conclusion  of  their  labors,  the  concurrence  of  several  cor- 
porations must  be  had.  Among  others,  the  concurrence  of  the  South 
Park  Commissioners  and  that  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad  Co.  must 
be  secured,  and  this  work  of  these  bodies  your  Committee  can  not1  in  any 
way  expedite;  yet,  until  their  work  is  concluded  and  the  result  presented 
to  us,  we  can  not  report  finally  upon  the  question  of  title  submitted  to  this 
Committee. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  97 

This  Committee  is  assured  by  the  Directory,  and  believe,  that  the  second  ses- 
concurrence  of  these  bodies  will   be  granted,  and    that   the   necessary  i>ay. 
papers  indicating  the  same  are  now  in  course  of  preparation  and  will  be 
ready  to  be  presented  to  this  Committee  within  the  additional  time  herein 
asked  for  by  this  Committee. 

We  ask  until  Saturday  next  to  make  a  further  and  final  report. 

V.   D.  GRONER,  Chairman. 
MARTIN  RYAN, 
JOHN  E.  GARVIN, 
OSCAR  R.  HUNDLEY, 
JAMES  D.  BUTT, 
F.  J.  V.  SKIFF, 
A.  B.  HURT, 
WILLIAM   M.  FERRY, 
ADLAI  T.  EWING, 
L.  BRAINARD. 

The  report  was  accepted  and  the  extension  of  time  allowed. 

Mr.  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  in  all  cases  where  Commissioners  who  are  members  Alternates 
of  the  Executive  Committee  are  absent,  their  alternates  be  directed  to    to  serve 

on  the 

represent  them  on  that  Committee. 

The  Commission  took  a  recess  of  thirty  minutes,  and,  on  again  being 
called  to  order,  Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  presented  the  following  report 
from  the  Committee  on  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws. 

The  Committee  on  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws,  to  whom  was 
committed  so  much  of  their  original  report  on  By-Laws  as  is  contained  in 
Article  Eleventh  thereof,  for  revision  in  accordance  with  the  sentiment 
expressed  by  the  Commission,  beg  leave  to  submit  the  following  as  their 
report  thereon,  to-wit:  That  Article  Eleventh  of  the  By-Laws  shall  be 
as  follows: 

ARTICLE   ELEVENTH. 
"  Board  of  Lady  Managers."" 

The  Board  of  Lady  Managers  shall  consist  of  two  women  from  each 
State  and  Territory  and  the  District  of  Columbia,  to  be  nominated  by 
Commissioners  from  the  several  States  and  Territories  and  the  District  of 
Columbia,  and  of  one  woman  to  be  nominated  by  each  of  the  Com- 
missioners at  Large,  and  to  be  appointed  by  the  President;  and  also  nine 
women  of  the  City  of  Chicago,  to  be  appointed  by  the  President,  as 
has  been  expressly  determined  by  the  order  of  the  Commission;  and  a 
like  number  of  alternates,  to  be  appointed  in  the  same  manner  as  the 
principals,  and  to  assume  the  duties  and  functions  of  such  principals  only 


98 


World's    Columbian    Commission. 


Day. 


when  the  principals  are  unable  to  attend.  Principals  and  alternates  shall 
be  duly  commissioned  in  accordance  with  the  direction  of  the  Commission. 
The  Board  of  Lady  Managers  shall  be  convened  by  the  order  of  the 
Executive  Committee  of  the  Commission,  at  such  time  and  place  as  it 
may  deem  proper,  and,  when  so  convened,  shall  organize  by  the  election 
of  a  Chairman  and  Secretary.  The  duration  of  such  first  meeting,  as  well 
as  the  number  and  duration  of  each  subsequent  meeting,  shall  be  wholly 
under  the  control  and  be  determined  by  said  Executive  Committee. 
The  members  of  this  Board  shall  be  officers  of  the  Commission,  and  shall 
perform  such  duties  in  connection  with  the  Woman's  Department  of  the 
Exposition  as  said  Executive  Committee  shall  prescribe.  Each  member 
of  the  Board  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  six  dollars  per  day  for  each 
day  necessarily  absent  from  home  engaged  in  the  work  of  the  Commission, 
and  also  the  expenses  for  transportation  actually  incurred  by  her  on 
that  account.  The  alternates  shall  receive  no  compensation  nor  expenses 
for  transportation,  except  in  cases  where  their  principals  are  unable  to 
attend  'to  the  duties  assigned  to  them.  No  expenses  for  transportation 
shall  be  allowed  except  the  travel  be  authorized  by  the  said  Executive 
Committee  and  certified  accordingly. 

The    report    was  unanimously  adopted,  and  the  Commission,   at  2 
o'clock,  adjourned. 


Second  Seg- 
siou— 
Fourth 
Day. 


Roll  Call. 


Second  Session— Fourth  Day,  Thursday,  Sept.  18,  1890. 

The  Commission  met  at  10  o'clock  A.  M.  President  Palmer  in  the 
chair. 

ROLL  CALL. 

COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE. — California,  M.  L.  McDonald;  Kentucky, 
W.  Lindsay;  Massachusetts,  A.  G.  Bullock;  Michigan,  T.  W.  Palmer; 
Missouri,  R.  C.  Kerens;  New  York,  G.  W.  Allen;  Pennsylvania,  P.  A.  B. 
Widener;  Texas,  H.  Exall. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  STATES. — Alabama,  F.  G.  Bromberg,  O.  R.  Hund- 
ley; Arkansas,  J.  D.  Adams,  L.  Gregg;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J. 
V.  Skiff;  Connecticut,  T.  M.  Waller;  Delaware,  G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H. 
Porter;  Florida,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turnbull;  Georgia,  L.  McLaws,  C.  H.  Way; 
Idaho,  G.  A.  Manning;  Illinois,  C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T.  Ewing;  Indiana,  T. 


Minutes   of  the   Second  Session.  99 

E.  Garvin,  E.  B.  Martiiidale;  Iowa,  W.  I.  Buchanan,  J.  Hayes,  alternate;  Ses^!Se 
Kansas,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  R.  R.  Price;  Kentucky,  J.  Bennett,  J.  A.  r>aju.rth 
McKenzie;  Louisiana,  D.  B.  Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate;  Maine, 
A.  R.  Bixby,  C.  S.  Edwards,  alternate;  Maryland,  L.  Lowndes,  G.  M. 
Upshur,  alternate;  Massachusetts,  F.  W.  Breed;  Michigan,  M.  H.  Lane, 
C.  H.  Richmond;  Minnesota,  M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V.  Tousley;  Mississippi, 
J.  M.  Bynum,  R.  L.  Saunders;  Missouri,  T.  B.  Bullene;  Montana,  L.  H. 
Hershfield,  A.  H.  Mitchell;  Nebraska,  Euclid  Martin,  A.  G.  Scott;  Ne- 
vada, J.  W.  Haines,  G.  Russell;  New  Hampshire,  F.  E.  Kaley,  alternate; 
New  Jersey,  W.  J.  Sewell,  T.  Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H. 
Breslin,  alternate;  North  Carolina,  A.  B.  Andrews,  T.  B.  Keogh;  North 
Dakota,  H.  P.  Rucker,  M.  Ryan;  Ohio,  W.  Ritchie,  L.  C.  Cron,  alternate; 
Oregon,  M.  Wilkins,  J.  L.  Morrow,  alternate;  Pennsylvania,  W.  McClel- 
land, J.  W.  Woodside;  Rhode  Island,  L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Caro 
lina,  J.  R.  Cochran,  E.  L.  Roche,  alternate;  South  Dakota,  M.  H.  Day, 
L.  S.  Bullard,  alternate;  Tennessee,  R.  Strong,  A.  B.  Hurt,  alternates; 
Texas,  A.  M.  Cochran,  J.  T.  Dickinson;  Vermont,  H.  H.  Mclntyre,  B.  B. 
Smalley;  Virginia,  V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T.  Harris;  Washington,  W.  Bing- 
ham,  C.  B.  Baglev,  alternates;  West  Virginia,  J.  D.  Butt,  J.  W.  St.  Clair; 
Wisconsin,  P.  Allen,  Jr.;  Wyoming,  H.  G.  Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate; 
Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats;  New  Mexico,  T.  C.  Gutierres,  R.  M.  White;  Okla- 
homa, O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah,  P.  H.  Lannan,  W.  M.  Ferry,  alter- 
nate; District  of  Columbia,  A.  A.  Wilson,  E.  K.  Johnson,  alternate. 

Mr.  Smalley  moved  that  the  minutes  be  approved  as  printed  and 
the  reading  dispensed  with. 

The  Secretary  submitted  the  following  report  in  the  matter  of  seats: 
REPORT  OF  SECRETARY  DICKINSON. 

GENTLEMEN:  In  reference  to  the  location  of  seats  for  the  Commis- 
sioners in  this  chamber,  I  beg  to  state  that  the  problem  I  had  to  solve 
was  to  place  106  men  on  a  floor  arranged  to  accommodate  68.  In  order 
to  follow,  so  far  as  possible,  the  expressed  desire  of  this  Commission,  I 
have  kept  strictly  to  the  ballot  allotment  formerly  made  so  far  as  the  68 
seats  were  concerned,  gaining  four  seats  near  the  center  door,  and  have 
taken  every  available  space  in  the  chamber.  Beginning  first  on  the  left 
in  the  corner,  where  there  is  space  for  eight,  then  following  down  the  left 
I  get  eight  more.  In  order  to  seat  the  eighteen  remaining  gentlemen  I 
have  been  obliged  to  arrange  the  Press  on  the  left  (where,  1  trust,  they 
will  be  equally  comfortable),  and  have  placed  six  numbers  next  in  order 


100  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

secondses-  in  the  balcony  on  the  right,  and  finally  the  other  twelve  in  the  only  space 
Fourth  left,  in  the  corner.  It  may  appear  to  some  that  single  desks  might  have 
been  placed  here  and  there,  but  it  must  be  borne  in  mind  that  odd  desks 
would  not  only  break  the  order  of  the  States,  but  separate  the  Associate 
Commissioners.  I  have  studied  the  position  in  every  aspect,  and  have 
made  the  best  possible  disposition  of  it,  so  far  as  desks  and  chairs  are 
concerned.  I  beg  to  say,  also,  that  it  has  been  impossible  to  obtain  im- 
mediately a  sufficient  number  of  single  desks,  so  that  I  am  obliged  to  ask 
indulgence  where  I  have  placed  two  Commissioners  at  a  double  desk. 

Should  this  arrangement  not  meet  with  the  approval  of  the  Commis- 
sion, and  they  desire  a  new  ballot,  I  have  the  tickets  prepared  for  that 
purpose. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

JOHN  T.  DICKINSON, 

Secretary. 

Mr.  Way,  of  Georgia,  moved  that  a  new  drawing  of  seats  be  made. 
A  division  was  called  for,  and  the  motion  was  lost:  Ayes,  28;  noes,  38. 

Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  moved,  and  it  was  voted,  that  Commis- 
sioners who  are  not  seated  satisfactorily  be  authorized  to  occupy  the  seats 
of  any  Commissioners  who  are  absent. 

Mr.  Widener,  of  Pennsylvania,  presented  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  immediately  after  the  conclusion  of  the  regular  order 
of  business  to-morrow  (Friday)  morning,  this  Commission  shall  proceed 
to  elect  a  Director-General. 

Mr.  Thacher,  of  New  York,  offered  the  following  resolution: 
Resolved,  That  the  President  of  the  Commission,  or  the  Acting 
Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee,  shall  have  the  power  to  especially 
assign  an  alternate  Commissioner  to  the  services  of  any  of  the  standing 
committees  when  his  principal  on  that  committee  shall  signify  his  inability 
to  be  present  at  any  meeting,  or  to  perform  continuous  services  on  such 
committee. 

After  protracted  debate  the  motion  was  made  by  Mr.  Waller  to  recon- 
sider the  vote  by  which  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Judiciary,  Rules, 
and  By-Laws  yesterday  was  adopted,  and  to  commit  the  resolution  of 
Mr.  Thacher  to  that  Committee. 

Mr.  Thacher  asked  leave  to  present  the  following  substitute,  and 
moved  its  adoption: 

Resolved,  That  Mr.  James  H.  Breslin,  alternate  Commissioner  for  Mr. 
C.  M.  Depew,  from  New  York,  shall  be  specially  assigned  for  duty  and 
service  upon  standing  committees  in  absence  of  Mr.  Depew. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  101 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  offered  the  following  amendment:  secondsea- 

Provided,  That  this  privilege  shall  only  be  exercised  by  such  alter-    Da?rth 

nate  at  meetings  of  committees  during  the  sessions  of -this  Commission, 

and  in  the  absence  of  Mr.  C.  M.  Depew. 

The  amendment  was  accepted  by  Mr.  Thacher,  and  Mr.  Waller 
moved  that  the  whole  subject  be  tabled.  A  division  was  called  for,  and 
the  matter  was  tabled:  Ayes,  55;  noes,  29. 

[Vice-President  Waller  in  the  Chair.]  . 

Mr.  Mercer,   alternate  from  Wyoming,  offered  the  following  resolu- Resolution ^ 
tion  and  moved  its  adoption:  .  •        tion<Sea 

site. 

WHEREAS,  The  act  of  Congress  creating  the  World's  Columbian 
Commission  and  in  other  ways  providing  for  the  holding  of  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  in  the  city  of  Chicago  during  the  year  1893  pro- 
vides for  the  tender  of  an  adequate  site  by  the  Chicago  Board  of 
Directors;  and, 

WHEREAS,  The  resolution  adopted  by  this  body  at  its  first  session 
impliedly  adopts  two  sites;  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  the  former  action  taken  in  this  matter  be,  and  the 
same  is  hereby  reconsidered,  and  the  Chicago  Board  of  Directors  called 
upon  for  the  tender  of  a  site  adequate  and  in  one  compact  body. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  moved  that  consideration  of  the 
resolution  be  postponed  until  Saturday,  after  the  report  of  the  Committee 
on  Titles  and  Local  .Facilities.  After  protracted  debate  the  motion  to 
postpone  was  withdrawn  by  Mr.  St.  Clair  and  renewed  by  Mr.  Smalley 
of  Vermont. 

Mr.  Lindsay,  of  Kentucky,  offered  the  following  amendment: 

Strike  out  all  after  the  word  "reconsidered,"  and  insert:  "And  that 
the  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  be  requested  to 
report  to  this  Commission,  on  the  i9th  instant,  whether  they  have  secured 
the  concurrence  of  the  authorities  having  jurisdiction  thereof  to  the 
proposed  use  of  the  Lake  Front  and  Jackson  Park,  and  also  to  report 
to  what  extent  and  for  what  purposes  they  propose  to  make  use  of  the 
Lake  Front  as  a  site  for  a  portion  of  the  Exposition,  and  what  they 
estimate  will  be  the  cost  of  preparing  the  Lake  Front  and  Jackson  Park 
as  sites  for  the  Exposition;  and  that  a  copy  of  this  resolution  be  at  once 
furnished  to  the  President  of  the  Illinois  corporation." 

Mr.  Massey  asked  that  when  the  mail*  question  came  to  be  put,  the 
vote  be  by  ayes  and  noes,  and  the  call  was  sustained. 

Mr.  Smalley  called  for  the  ayes  and  noes  on  his  motion  to  postpone, 
and  the  call  was  sustained.  The  motion  was  adopted. 


102  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

second_ses-  AYES. — M.  L.  McDonald,  W.  Lindsay,  A.  G.  Bullock,  R.  C.  Kerens, 
!i|rth  G.  W.  Allen,  H.  Exall,  F.  G.  Bromberg,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J.  V.  Skiff, 
T.  M.  Waller,  G.  V.  Massey,  J.  Hirst,  C.  H.  Way,  A.  T.  Ewing,  T.  E. 
Garvin,  E.  B.  Martindale,  J.  Hayes,  alternate,  R.  R.  Price,  J.  Bennett, 
J.  A.  McKenzie,  P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate,  A.  R.  Bixby,  C.  S.  Edwards, 
alternate,  L.  Lowndes,  G.  M.  Upshur,  alternate,  F.  W.  Breed,  M.  H.  Lane, 
C.  H.  Richmond,  M.  B.  Harrison,  J.  M.  Bynum,  R.  L.  Saunders,  L.  H. 
Hershfield,  A.  H.  MJtchell,  E.  Martin,  A.  G.  Scott,  G.  Russell,  W.  J. 
Sewell,  T.  Smith,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H.  Breslin,  alternate,  A.  B.  Andrews, 
T..B.  Keogh,  H.  P.  Rucker,  M.  Ryan,  W:  Ritchie,  L.  C.  Cron,  alternate, 
W.  McClelland,  J.  W.  Woodside,  L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims,  J.  R.  Cochran, 
E.  L.  Roche,  alternate,  M.  H.  Day,  L.  S.  Bullard,  alternate,  R.  Strong, 
alternate,  A.  .B.  Hurt,  alternate,  A.  M.  Cochran,  H.  H.  Mclntyre,  B.  B. 
Smalley,  V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T.  Harris,  J.  W.  St.  Clair,  P.  Allen,  Jr.,  H.  G. 
Hay,  G.  F.  Coats,  T.  C.  Gutierres,  P.  H.  Lannan,  W.  M.  Ferry,  alternate, 
A.  A.  Wilson,  E.  K.  Johnson,  alternate — 70. 

NOES.— J.  D.  Adams,  L.  Gregg,  W.  H.  Porter,  R.  Turnbull,  L. 
McLaws;  G.  A.  Manning,  W.  I.  Buchanan,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  J.  W. 
Haynes,  M.  Wilkins,  J.  L.  Morrow,  alternate,  W.  Bingham,  alternate, 
A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate,  R.  M.  White,  O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles — 16. 

It  was  ordered  that  the  Committee  on  Titles  and  Local  Facilities 
have  leave  to  sit  during  the  daily  meetings  of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  Lindsay  then  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  unani- 
mously adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition 
be  requested  to  report  on  Friday  morning  next,  to  this  Commission's 
Committee  on  Titles,  to  what  extent  the  consent  of  the  authorities  having 
jurisdiction  thereof  to  the  use  of  Lake  Front  and  Jackson  Park  as  sites 
for  the  Exposition  has  been  obtained;  also  for  what  purpose  and  to 
what  extent  they  propose  to  use  the  Lake  Front,  and  what  sum  they 
estimate  it  will  cost  to  prepare  the  Lake  Front,  and  also  what  sum  it  will 
cost  to  prepare  Jackson  Park  for  the  uses  of  the  Exposition,  and 
whether  they  propose  to  meet  the  cost  of  such  preparation  out  of  the 
ten  millions  of  dollars  guaranteed  to  insure  the  success  of  the  Exposition; 
and  that  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission  be  instructed  to  deliver  at 
once  a  copy  of  this  resolution  to  the  President  of  the  said  World's  Colum- 
bian Exposition;  also, 

Resolved,  That  the  Committee  on  Sites  be  instructed  to  embrace 
in  their  report  all  the  matters  treated  of  by  this  resolution. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned.    • 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  103 


Second  Session — Fifth  Day,  Friday,  Sept.  19,  1890. 

•   The  Commission  met  at  10  A.  M.,  President  Palmer  in  the  Chair. 

Fifth  Day. 

ROLL  CALL. 

COMMISSIONERS- AT-LARGE. — California,  M.  L.  McDonald;  Kentucky, Ro11  Cal1- 
W.  Lindsay;    Massachusetts,  A.  G.  Bullock;    Michigan,  T.  W.  Palmer; 
Missouri,  R.  C.  Kerens;  New  York,  G.  W.  Allen;    Pennsylvania,  P.  A.  B. 
Widener;  Texas,  H.  Exall. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  STATES. — Alabama,  F.  G.  Bromberg;  Arkansas, 
J.  D.  Adams,  L.  Gregg;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J.  V.  Skiff;  Con- 
necticut, T.  M.  Waller;  Delaware,  G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H.  Porter;  Florida,. 
J.  Hirst,  R.  Turnbull;  Georgia,  L.  McLaws,  C.  H.  Way;  Idaho,  G.  A. 
Manning;  Illinois,  C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T.  Ewing;  Indiana,  T.  E.  Garvin, 
E.  B.  Martindale;  Iowa,  W.  I.  Buchanan,  J.  Hayes,  alternate;  Kansas, 
C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  R.  R.  Price;  Kentucky,  J.  Bennett,  J.  A.  McKenzie; 
Louisiana,  D.  B.  Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate;  Maine,  A.  R.  Bixby, 
C.  S.  Edwards,  alternate;  Maryland,  L.  Lowndes,  G.  M.  Upshur,  alter- 
nate; Massachusetts,  F.  W.  Breed;  Michigan,  M.  H.  Lane,  C.  H.  Rich- 
mond; Minnesota,  M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V.  Tousley;  Mississippi,  J.  M. 
Bynum,  R.  L.  Saunders;  Montana,  L.  H.  Hershneld,  A.  H.  Mitchell; 
Nebraska,  Euclid  Martin,  A.  G.  Scott;  Nevada,  J.  W.  Haines,  G.  Russell; 
New  Hampshire,  F.  E.  Kaley,  alternate;  New  Jersey,  W.  J.  Sewell,  T. 
Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H.  Breslin,  alternate;  North  Caro- 
lina, A.  B.  Andrews,  T.  B.  Keogh;  North  Dakota,  H.  P.  Rucker,  M.  Ryan; 
Ohio,  W.  Ritchie,  L.  C.  Cron,  alternate;  Oregon,  M.  Wilkins,  J.  L.  Mor- 
row, alternate;  Pennsylvania,  W.  McClelland,  J.  W.  Woodside;  Rhode 
Island,  L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina,  J.  R.  Cochran,  E.  L.  Roche, 
alternate;  South  Dakota,  M.  H.  Day,  L.  S.  Bullarc^  alternate;  Tennessee, 
R.  Strong,  A.  B.  Hurt,  alternates;  Texas,  A.  M.  Cochran,  J.  T.  Dickin- 
son; Vermont,  H.  H.  Mclntyre;  Virginia,  V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T.  Harris; 
Washington,  W.  Bingham,  C.  B.  Bagley,  alternates;  West  Virginia,  J.  D. 
Butt,  J.  W.  St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,  P.  Allen,  Jr.;  Wyoming,  H.  G.  Hay, 
A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate;  Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats;  New  Mexico,  T.  C. 
Gutierres,  R.  M.  White;  Oklahoma,  O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah,  P.  H. 
Lannan,  W.  M.  Ferry,  alternate;  District  of  Columbia,  A.  A.  Wilson, 
E.  K.  Johnson,  alternate. 


104  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

second  ses-          It  was  voted  that  the  reading  of  the   minutes   be   dispensed   with, 

slon — 

ifthDay.and  that  they  be  acj0pted  as  printed. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  adopted: 

Alternate's  Resolved,  That  in  all  cases  where  a  Commissioner  who  is  a  member  of 

tees1™11"    a  Committee  be  absent,  his  alternate  be  authorized  to  represent  him  on 
such  Committee. 

President  Palmer,  as  Chairman  of  the   Executive  Committee,   pre- 
sented the  following  report  from  that  Committee: 

SEPTEMBER  19,  1890. 

RtheEx°efcu-  The  World's  Columbian  Commission: 
mitteeon  By  direction  of  the  Executive  Committee,  I  have  the  honor  to  report 

the  Elec- 

rSector    ^^  at  a  meetm§  neld  this  morning  the  accompanying  communication 

General.    from  fte  president  and  Secretary  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition 

Association,  of  Chicago,  was  received  and  considered,  and  the  Executive 

Committee  decided  to  recommend  to  this  Commission  the  election  of  Col. 

George  R.  Davis  as  Director-General. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

T.  W.  PALMER, 
Chairman  of  Executive  Committee. 


CHICAGO,  September  18,  1890. 
ectorV01"  Hon.  THOS.  W.  PALMER,  Chairman  Executive  Committee,  World's  Colum- 

recom- 
mend bian  Commission: 

Col.  Geo. 

DEAR  SIR:  Acting  under  the  courteous  invitation  extended  by  your 
Committee  to  this  Board  to  express  its  preference  in  favor  of  one  of  the 
several  candidates  whose  names  are  before  you  for  appointment  as 
Director-General  of  your  Commission,  the  subject-matter  of  your  invita- 
tion was  submitted  to  our  Board  of  Directors  at  a  meeting  held  this 
evening. 

After  some  discussjon  a  vote  was  taken,  resulting  in  a  majority  of  the 
Board  in  favor  of  Col.  George  R.  Davis. 

This  may  therefore  be  received  as  an  expression  of  the  preference  of 
this  Board  upon  the  question. 

Thanking  you   and  your  Committee  for  their  courtesy  in  this  matter, 
I  am,  very  respectfully  yours, 

LYMAN  J.  GAGE, 

President  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition. 
BENJ.  BUTTERWORTH, 

Secretary. 

The  report  was  laid  upon  the  table  to  await  the  regular  order. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  105 

Mr.  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey,  presented  the  following  report  from  a  second  sea- 

si  on — 

minority  of  the  Executive  Committee: 

The  undersigned  members  of  the  Executive  Committee  respectfully  Minority 
dissent  from  the  report,  and  present  for  the  position  of  Director-General 
the  name  of  General  Daniel  H.  Hastings,  of  Pennsylvania.  We  believe 
that  he  possesses  every  qualification  for  this  responsible  position,  and 
most  earnestly  urge  that  his  selection  will  meet  the  best  thought  of  the 
land,  that  the  Columbian  Exposition  is  in  no  sense  local  and  in  every 
sense  National. 

W.  J.  SEWELL, 

E.  KURTZ  JOHNSON, 
A.  T.  EWING, 

L.  H.  HERSHFIELD, 

F.  W.  BREED. 
The  report  was  laid  upon  the  table  to  await  the  regular  order. 

The  President  announced  the  following  standing  Committees  of  the  Appoint- 
ment of 

World's  Columbian  Commission:  JJ|  fgg* 

mittees. 

EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE. 
President  T.  W.  Palmer,  Chairman. 
M.  L.  McDonald,  Commissioner-at-Large. 
R.  C.  Kerens,  Commissioner-at-Large. 
Henry  Exall,  Commissioner-at-Large. 
P.  A.  B.  Widener,  Commissioner-at-Large. 
John  T.  Harris,  Virginia. 
William  J.  Sewell,  New  Jersey. 
B.  B.  Smalley,  Vermont. 
E.  B.  Martindale,  Indiana. 
John  Boyd  Thacher,  New  York. 
Francis  W.  Breed,  Massachusetts 
Euclid  Martin,  Nebraska. 
Reese  R.  Price,  Kansas. 
M.  B.  Harrison,  Minnesota. 
James  D.  Butt,  West  Virginia. 
Adlai  T.  Ewing,  Illinois. 
William  F.  King,  Iowa. 
H.  P.  Platt,  Ohio. 
L.  McLaws,  Georgia. 
T.  L.  Williams,  Tennessee. 
Joseph  Hirst,  Florida. 
R.  L.  Saunders,  Mississippi. 


106  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

L.  H.  Hershfield,  Montana. 
R.  E.  Goodell,  Colorado. 

A.  T.  Britton,  District  of  Columbia. 
James  A.  McKenzie,  Kentucky. 

COMMITTEE   ON  JUDICIARY,  RULES,  AND   BY-LAWS. 

William  Lindsay,  Commissioner-at-Large,  Chairman. 

G.  V.  Massey,  Delaware. 

J.  W.  St.  Clair,  West  Virginia. 

William  J.  Sewell,  New  Jersey. 

B.  B.  Smalley,  Vermont. 
L.  Gregg,  Arkansas. 

O.  R.  Hundley,  Alabama. 
P.  Allen,  Jr.,  Wisconsin. 

COMMITTEE  ON  TARIFFS  AND  TRANSPORTATION. 

V.  D!  Groner,  Virginia,  Chairman. 
W.  Aiken,  New  Hampshire. 

C.  M.  Depew,  New  York. 

W.  McClelland,  Pennsylvania. 
M.  H.  Lane,  Michigan. 
J.  D.  Adams,  Arkansas. 
L.  Brainard,  Connecticut. 
A.  B.  Andrews,  North  Carolina. 
L.  Lowndes,  Maryland. 
O.  R.  Hundley,  Alabama. 
J.  W.  Haines,  Nevada. 
G.  C.  Sims,  Rhode  Island. 
H.  H.  Mclntyre,  Vermont. 
T.  C.  Gutierres,  New  Mexico. 
H.  P.  Rucker,  North  Dakota. 
E.  Martin,  Nebraska. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FOREIGN  AFFAIRS. 

C.  M.  Depew,  New  York,  Chairman. 
Thomas  M.  Waller,  Connecticut. 
G.  V.  Massey,  Delaware. 
A.  A.  Wilson,  District  of  Columbia. 
R.  C.  Kerens,  Commissioner-at-Large. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  107 

C.  H.  Way,  Georgia.  second  ses- 

slon— 

M.  H.  Lane,  Michigan.  Fifth  Day. 

D.  B.  Penn,  Louisiana. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FINE   ARTS. 

A.  G.  Bullock,  Commissioner-at-Large,  Chairman. 

C.  M.  Depew,  New  York. 

A.  A.  Wilson,  District  of  Columbia. 

O.  V.  Tousley,  Minnesota. 

W.  I.  Buchanan,  Iowa. 

M.  H.  de  Young,  California. 

James  Hodges,  Maryland. 

T.  J.  Woodward,  Louisiana. 

COMMITTEE  ON  SCIENCE,  HISTORY,  LITERATURE,  AND  EDUCATION. 

O.  V.  Tousley,  Minnesota,  Chairman. 
A.  C.  Beckwith,  Wyoming. 
F.  G.  Bromberg,  Alabama. 

C.  H.  Jones,  Missouri. 

T.  J.  Woodward,  Louisiana. 

A.  G.  Bullock,  Commissioner-at-Large. 

W.  F.  King,  Iowa. 

J.  A.  McKenzie,  Kentucky. 

COMMITTEE  ON  AGRICULTURE. 

W.  I.  Buchanan,  Iowa,  Chairman. 

L.  T.  Baxter,  Tennessee 

R.  Turnbull,  Florida. 

A.  M.  Cochran,  Texas. 

J.  L.  Mitchell,  Wisconsin. 

J.  W.  Haines,  Nevada. 

D.  B.  Penn,  Louisiana. 

J.  M.  Bynum,   Mississippi. 

A.  P.  Butler,  South  Carolina. 

A.  G.  Scott,  Nebraska. 

O.  Beeson,  Oklahoma. 

H.  H.  Mclntyre,  Vermont. 

J.  D.  Adams,  Arkansas. 

M.  Wilkins,  Oregon. 


108  World's  Columbian  Commission. 


second  ses-          William  Forsyth,  California. 

slon— 

Fifth  Day.         F   T  y  gkiff  Coioracio. 

J 


COMMITTEE  ON  LIVE  STOCK. 

J.  L.  Mitchell,  Wisconsin,  Chairman. 

John  Bennett,  Kentucky. 

T.  E.  Proctor,  Massachusetts. 

G.  A.  Manning,  Idaho. 

G.  Russell,  Nevada. 

E.  B.  Martindale,  Indiana. 

H.  Drum.  Washington. 

J.  D.  Miles,  Oklahoma. 

T.  C.  Gutierres,  New  Mexico. 

H.  P.  Rucker,  North  Dakota. 

H.  Exall,  Commissioner-at-Large. 

L.  T.  Baxter,  Tennessee. 

A.  H.  Mitchell,  Montana. 

W.  Mclntyre,  South  Dakota. 

A.  T.  Ewing,  Illinois. 

H.  G.  Hay,  Wyoming. 

COMMITTEE  ON  HORTICULTURE  AND  FLORICULTURE. 

W.  Forsyth,  California,  Chairman. 

G.  A.  Manning,  Idaho. 

W.  H.  Porter,  Delaware. 

C.  D.  McDuffie,  New  Hampshire. 

T.  E.  Garvin,  Indiana. 

F.  J.  V.  Skiff,  Colorado. 

W.  Zeckendorf,  Arizona. 

A.  R.  Bixby,  Maine. 

R.  Turnbull,  Florida. 

J.  W.  Woodside,  Pennsylvania. 

C.  H.  Richmond,  Michigan. 

J.  R.  Cochran,  South  Carolina. 

J.  Hodges,  Maryland. 

C.  H.  Deere,  Illinois. 

F.  J.  Kiesel,  Utah. 

P.  Allen,  Jr.,  Wisconsin. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  109 

COMMITTEE  ON  FINANCE. 


F 

Charles  H.  Jones,  Missouri,  Chairman. 

L.  H.  Hershfield,  Montana. 

James  Hodges,  Maryland. 

H.  H.  Mclntyre,  Vermont. 

A.  B.  Andrews,  North  Carolina. 

A.  R.  Bixby,  Maine. 

J.  T.  Harris,  Virginia. 

P.  H.  Lannan,  Utah. 

COMMITTEE  ON  AUDITING. 

T.  E.  Garvin,  Indiana,  Chairman. 
P.  Allen,  Jr.,  Wisconsin. 
C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  Kansas. 
J.  D.  Butt,  West  Virginia. 

COMMITTEE  ON  CEREMONIES. 

J.  D.  Adams,  Arkansas,  Chairman. 

P.  A.  B.  Widener,  Commissioner-at-Large. 

William  Lindsay,  Commissioner-at-Large. 

V.  D.  Groner,  Virginia. 

C.  H.  Richmond,  Michigan. 

G.  W.  Allen,  Commissioner-at-Large. 

M.  B.  Harrison,  Minnesota. 

R.  C.  Kerens,  Commissioner-at-Large. 

COMMITTEE  ON  CLASSIFICATION. 

C.  H.  Deere,  Illinois,  Chairman. 

W.  McClelland,  Pennsylvania. 

L.  B.  Goff,  Rhode  Island. 

M.  Ryan,  North  Dakota. 

M.  H.  de  Young,  California. 

T.  L.  Williams,  Tennessee. 

A.  M.  Cochran,  Texas. 

T.  Smith,  New  Jersey. 

T.  B.  Keogh,  North  Carolina. 

C.  H.  Way,  Georgia. 

J.  D.  Miles,  Oklahoma. 

H.  P.  Platt,  Ohio, 


8  ?fth  Day 


110  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

G.  F.  Coats,  Arizona. 

A.  C.  Beckwith,  Wyoming. 

J.  Hirst,  Florida. 

T.  E.  Garvin,  Indiana. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MANUFACTURES. 
L.  Brainard,  Connecticut,  Chairman. 
T.  E.  Proctor,  Massachusetts. 
T.  B.  Bullene,  Missouri. 
W.  McClelland,  Pennsylvania. 
R.  M.  White,  New  Mexico. 
W.  H.  Porter,  Delaware. 
C.  H.  Deere,  Illinois. 
T.  Smith,  New  Jersey 
W.  Ritchie,  Ohio. 
G.  C.  Sims,  Rhode  Island. 
L.  McLaws,  Georgia. 
W.  Aiken,  New  Hampshire. 
J.  M.  Bynum,  Mississippi. 
F.  J.  Kiesel,  Utah. 
William  Mclntyre,  South  Dakota. 
W.  Zeckendorf,  Arizona. 

COMMITTEE  ON  COMMERCE. 
L.  Lowndes,  Maryland,  Chairman. 
J.  B.  Thacher,  New  York. 
J.  M.  Bynum,  Mississippi. 
T.  M.  Waller,  Connecticut. 
L.  B.  Goff,  Rhode  Island. 
T.  E.  Proctor,  Massachusetts. 
M.  Wilkins,  Oregon. 
R.  Turnbull,  Florida. 
George  V.  Massey,  Delaware. 
H.  Exall,  Commissioner-at-Large. 
J.  R.  Cochran,  South  Carolina. 
H.  P.  Platt,  Ohio. 
T.  J.  Woodward,  Louisiana. 
H.  Drum,  Washington. 
C.  D.  McDuffie,  New  Hampshire. 
C.  H.  Way,  Georgia. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  Ill 

COMMITTEE  ON  MINES  AND  MINING.  second  ses- 

sion— 

Fifth  Day. 

F.  J.  V.  Skiff,  Colorado,  Chairman. 
M.  H.  Day,  South  Dakota. 

L.  T.  Baxter,  Tennessee. 
J.  W.  St.  Clair,  West  Virginia. 
J.  W.  Woodside,  Pennsylvania. 
A.  H.  Mitchell,  Montana. 
L.  Lowndes,  Maryland. 

G.  Russell,  Nevada. 

F.  G.  Bromberg,  Alabama. 
J.  E.  Stearns,  Idaho. 

G.  F.  Coats,  Arizona. 

C.  H.  Richmond,  Michigan. 

P.  H.  Lannan,  Utah. 

H.  Drum,  Washington. 

R.  M.  White,  New  Mexico. 

M.  L.  McDonald,  Commissioner-at-Large. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FISHERIES  AND  FISH  CULTURE. 

A.  R.  Bixby,  Maine,  Chairman. 
A.  P.  Butler,  South  Carolina. 
W.  J.  Sewell,  New  Jersey. 
R.  E.  Goodell,  Colorado. 
C.  B.  Hopkins,  Washington. 
R.  L.  Saunders,  Mississippi. 
M.  H.  Lane,  Michigan. 
H.  Klippel,  Oregon. 

COMMITTEE  ON  ELECTRICITY  AND  ELECTRICAL  APPLIANCES. 

G.  C.  Sims,  Rhode  Island,  Chairman. 

C.  B.  Hopkins,  Washington. 

M.  Ryan,  North  Dakota. 

G.  W.  Allen,  Commissioner-at-Large. 

W.  G.  Davis,  Maine. 

F.  W.  Breed,  Massachusetts. 

O.  R.  Hundley,  Alabama. 

R.  R.  Price,  Kansas. 


112  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FORESTRY  AND  LUMBER. 

J.  W.  St.  Clair,  West  Virginia,  Chairman. 

R.  M.  White,  New  Mexico. 

W.  G.  Davis,  Maine. 

A.  G.  Scott,  Nebraska. 

H.  Klippel,  Oregon. 

L.  Gregg,  Arkansas. 

R.  L.  Saunders,  Mississippi. 

H.  G.  Hay,  Wyoming. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MACHINERY. 

William  Ritchie,  Ohio,  Chairman. 

W.  H.  Porter,  Delaware. 

John  Bennett,  Kentucky. 

W.  Forsyth,  California. 

L.  B.  Goff,  Rhode  Island. 

M.  H.  Day,  South  Dakota. 

T.  B.  Bullene,  Missouri. 

O.  Beeson,  Oklahoma. 

COMMITTEE  ON  WORLD'S  CONGRESSES. 

J.  W.  Woodside,  Pennsylvania,  Chairman. 
C.  H.  Jones,  Missouri. 
John  Bennett,  Kentucky. 

A.  A.  Wilson,  District  of  Columbia. 
F.  G.  Bromberg,  Alabama. 

J.  B.  Thacher,  New  York. 
O.  V.  Tousley,  Minnesota. 

B.  B.  Smalley,  Vermont. 

COMMITTEE  ON  PRINTING. 

C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  Kansas,  Chairman. 
T.  B.  Keogh,  North  Carolina. 

J.  T.  Harris,  Virginia. 
P.  H.  Lannan,  Utah. 
J.  E.  Stearns,  Idaho. 
T.  B.  Bullene,  Missouri. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  113 

The    report   of    the    Executive   Committee    upon    nomination    for  second  ses- 
sion— 

Director-General  was  again  taken  up  and  Mr.  Ewing,  of  Illinois,  arose  to  I 
a  question  of  privilege,  and  stated  that  his  dissent  from  the  report  of  the 
majority  of  the  Executive  Committee  was  intended  by  him  to  go  only  so 
far  as  to  withhold  his  endorsement  of  the  choice  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee, and  not  so  far  as  to  endorse  General  Hastings  or  any  other 
candidate  for  the  position  of  Director-General. 

Mr.  Hershfield,  of  Montana,  arose  to  a  question  of  privilege  and 
stated  that  his  position  in  regard  to  the  report  of  the  minority  of  the 
Executive  Committee  was  precisely  the  same  as  that  of  Mr.  Ewing.  It 
was  ordered  that  a  record  be  made  of  the  statements  of  the  Commis- 
sioners. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  various  standing  committees  of  this  Commission  M!tJ|Jf[J  of 
be  and  are  hereby  authorized  to  establish  their  headquarters  and  hold    teeslmit~ 
their  meetings  wherever  they  may  find  it  for  the  convenience  of  the  public 
and  themselves. 

The  President  announced  that  he  had  received  the  following  com- 
munication from  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  which  he  directed 
the  Clerk  to  read: 

CHICAGO,  September  10,  1800.      Report  of 

Chicago 

Hon.  THOMAS  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian    Commission:    J5Jj!JJ0{J. 

DEAR  SIR:  I  have  the  honor  herewith  to  transmit,  for  the  informa- 
tion  of  the  Commission,  a  copy  of  a  resolution  adopted  by  the  Board  of 
Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  September  18,  1890. 

Very  respectfully, 

BENJ.  BUTTERWORTH, 

Secretary. 

SECRETARY'S  OFFICE  OF  THE 
WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN  EXPOSITION. 

CHICAGO,  September  19,  1890. 

I  hereby  certify  that  at  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition,  held  on  the  evening  of  the  18th  of  September,  A.  D.  1890, 
the  resolution  hereto  attached  was  adopted  by  a  unan;mous  vote  of  said  Board. 

Witness  my  hand  and  the  seal  of  this  corporation,  this  nineteenth  (19th)  day 
of  September,  1890. 

[SEAL]  BENJ.  BUTTERWORTH, 

Secretary. 
RESOLUTION  OF  THE  DIRECTORS. 

CHICAGO,  September  18,  1890. 
Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

DEAR  SIR:  In  answer  to  the  resolution  adopted  by  the  Commission  September 
18th,  calling  upon  this  Board  to  submit  to  the  Commission's  Committee  on  Titles, 


114  World's  Columbian   Commission. 

second  ses-  information  relating  to  Jackson  Park  and  the  Lake  Front;  also  for  the  declaration 
Fifth~Day.  from  this  Board  as  to  the  purposes  and  the  extent  to  which  it  is  proposed  by  us  to 
use  the  Lake  Front,  and  what  sum  we  estimate  it  will  cost  to  prepare  the  Lake 
Front,  and  what  sum  it  will  cost  to  prepare  Jackson  Park  for  the  uses  of  the  Expo- 
sition, and  whether  we  propose  to  meet  the  cost  of  such  preparation  out  of  the  ten 
millions  of  dollars  pledged  by  this  corporation  for  the  purposes  of  the  Fair,  the  fol- 
lowing is  respectfully  submitted  by  this  Directory: 

Resolved,  1.  That  our  counsel,  Mr.  John  P.  Wilson,  be,  and  is  hereby  directed 
to  wait  upon  the  Committee  on  Titles  with  whatever  documents  he  may  have 
relating  to  title,  whatever  evidences  of  title  he  may  have,  and  such  statements  and 
explanations  concerning  generally  the  subject-matter  of  title,  as  may  be  desired  by 
said  Committee,  both  as  to  Jackson  Park  and  the  Lake  Front,  and  that  Director 
Charles  L.  Hutchinson  be  appointed  a  committee  of  one  to  accompany  Mr.  Wilson 
on  this  business. 

2.  As  to  the  purposes  and  extent  to  which  we  propose  to  use  the  Lake  Front, 
we  respectfully  submit  herewith  a  communication  addressed  to  the  Honorable 
Speaker  of  the  House  of  Kepresentatives  of  the  State  of  Illinois,  adopted  by  this 
Board  at  a  meeting  held  July  26lh,  directly  bearing  upon  this  subject. 

3.  In  answer  to  the  inquiry  as  to  the  cost  of  preparing  the  Lake  Front  and 
Jackson  Park  for  the  uses  of  the  Exposition,  we  respectfully  submit  herewith,  as 
the  best  estimates  we  can  furnish  at  the  present  time,  a  copy  of  the  report  made  by 
the  Committee  on  Grounds  and  Buildings,  under  date  of  September  16th,  which 
report  has  been  submitted  to,  and  is  approved  by,  this  Board. 

4  We  desire  to  say  that  it  is  not  the  intention  of  the  Directory  to  encroach 
upon  the  ten  million  dollar  fund  for  filling  Jackson  Park,  and  filling  and  piling 
the  Lake  Front,  it  being  the  intention  of  this  Board  to  use  the  ten  million  dollars 
pledged  for  the  creation  of  the  Exposition  proper. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

LYMAN  J,  GAGE, 

President. 

RESOLUTION  OF  THE  GROUNDS  AND  BUILDINGS  COMMITTEE 

CHICAGO,  September  16, 1890. 
To  the  President  and  Directors  World's  Columbian  Exposition  ; 

The  following  resolution  was  adopted  by  the  Committee  on  Grounds  and  Build- 
ings at  their  meeting  of  even  date  herewith : 

Resolved,  That  the  representative  of  this  Committee,  at  the  meeting  of  the 
Executive  Committee  on  the  17th  inst.,  be  instructed  to  submit  the  following 
figures  as  the  approximate  cost  of  the  works  with  which  this  Committee  will  be 
charged : 

1.  LAKE  FRONT. 

Piling,  and  filling,  and  preparation  of,  say  fifty  to  sixty  acres  east  of 
railroad,  and  also  of  present  park,  ready  for  use  by  the  public; 
buildings  not  included .._$  1,500,000 

2.  JACKSON  PARK. 

Preparation  of  grounds,  sewerage,  water  supply,  ornamentation,  etc.,  etc..    1,750,000 

3.  BUILDINGS. 

Minimum  of  100  acres  under  roof  .  .  10,000,000 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  115 

The  Committee  desire  that  its  representative  shall  explain  to  the  Executive  second  sea- 
Committee  that  the  foregoing  figures  are  an  approximate  estimate  only,  and  that 
ample  time  will  be  necessary  to  prepare  reliable  figures. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

E.  T.  JEFFERY, 
Chairman,  pro  tern.,  Committee  on  Grounds  and  Buildings. 


THE  WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN  EXPOSITION. 

To  the  Honorable  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives  of  the  State  of  Illinois: 

The  Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  desiring  to 
respond  in  a  frank  and  proper  spirit  to  the  resolution  adopted  by  your  honorable 
body,  submit  in  answer  thereto  the  following: 

They  have  not  at  hand,  nor  is  it  attainable  at  once,  the  knowledge  and  experience 
needful  in  the  classification  and  management,  to  determine  in  advance  the  details 
involved  in  exhibiting  the  "arts,  industries,  manufactures,  and  products  of  the  soil, 
mine,  and  sea,"  which  will  be  represented  by  40,000  or  50,000  exhibitors. 

That  the  work  is  colossal  in  character  all  will  admit;  that  as  it  develops  it  must 
be  comprehended,  mastered,  and  wisely  managed  is  beyond  question. 

For  the  fuller  information  of  the  Legislature  it  is  deemed  appropriate  to  submit 
a  brief  statement  of  the  situation.  Tbis  would  seem  to  be  proper  in  order  to  set 
fortli  clearly  the  relation  the  State  of  Illinois,  the  City  of  Chicago,  and  this  Board 
of  Directors  sustain  to  the  "World's  Columbian  Exposition." 

By  the  Act  of  Congress  approved  April  29,  1890,  provision  was  made  for  fitly 
commemorating  the  400th  anniversary  of  tbe  discovery  of  America  by  an  Exposition 
"of  tbe  resources  of  the  United  States,  their  development,  and  the  progress  of  the 
civilization  of  the  world."  The  act  declares  that  "such  Exhibition  should  be  of 
National  and  International  character." 

Provision  was  made  in  the  act  for  the  appointment  by  the  President  of  Commis- 
sioners from  the  several  States  and  Territories,  upon  the  nomination  of  the  Govern- 
ors thereof,  and,  in  addition,  eight  Commissioners-at-Large,  said  appointees  to  con- 
stitute the  "World's  Columbian  Commission." 

That  Commission  has  been  duly  appointed,  and  is  by  the  Act  of  Congress  clothed 
with  certain  powers  and  charged  with  certain  duties  with  reference  to  the  inaugura- 
tion and  conduct  of  the  Exposition. 

The  question  of  locating  the  Exposition  devolved  upon  Congress.  It  was  an 
honor  for  which  several  States  and  the  Nation's  Capital  contested.  Illinois  petitioned 
to  have  the  Exhibition  located  in  Chicago.  Certain  conditions  were  to  be  com- 
plied with  and  obligations  assumed,  in  order  to  secure  the  favorable  consideration  of 
Congress.  As  a  condition  precedent  to  having  the  Fair  located  in  Chicago,  the 
city  and  her  citizens  had  to  provide  a  fund  of  ten  millions  of  dollars  in  aid  of  the 
enterprise  and  produce  satisfactory  evidence  that  sites  eligible  and  suitable  were 
obtainable  for  the  use  of  the  Fair.  Needed  assurances  had  also  to  be  given  that  the 
State  of  Illinois,  and  Chicago  as  the  local  site,  would  carry  out  and  into  effect  the 
letter  and  spirit  of  the  Act  of  Congress.  The  faith  of  tbe  State,  and  of  Chicago  as 
the  local  site,  was,  by  their  accredited  representatives,  pledged  before  the  world  to 
this,  and  thereupon  Congress  conferred  upon  our  State  the  exceptional  honor  of 
locating  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  within  its  borders  and  in  its  chief  city, 
thus  committing  to  the  citizens  of  Illinois  the  duty  and  obligation  of  providing  for  and 
conducting  the  enterprise  in  a  manner  suitable  to  the  occasion  and  worthy  of  the 
Nation. 


116  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

second  ses-          The  citizens  of  Chicago  promptly  provided  by  subscription  for  $5,000,000.   They 
Fi°fth~Day.  also,  by  every  act  that  can  bind  the  conscience  and  conduct  of  a  people,  pledged  the 
city  to  raise  $5,000,000  more,  making  the  $10,000,000  required.     This  was  done,  and 
had  to  be  doue,  before  Congress  would  take  final  action  in  locating  the  Exposition. 

In  order  to  carry  out  and  into  effect  the  Act  of  Congress,  the  Columbian  Expo- 
sition was  incorporated,  with  a  Board  of  Directors  numbering  forty-five.  The  mem- 
bers of  that  Board  represent  subscriptions  in  aid  of  the  Exposition  to  an  amount 
above  $5,000,000.  Legislation  by  the  State  and  by  the  City  of  Chicago  was  indis- 
pensable, in  order  to  comply  with  the  terms  upon  which  the  Exposition  was  located 
in  Illinois.  The  essential  legislation  is  embodied  in  the  pending  joint  resolution  and 
bill. 

In  the  matter  of  selecting  sites  for  the  Exhibition,  attention  is  called  to  the  Act 
of  Congress  (Section  5)  which  provides  that  "the  National  Commission  be  empow- 
ered in  its  discretion  to  accept  for  the  purposes  of  the  'World's  Columbian  Ex- 
position '  such  site  as  may  be  selected  and  offered,  and  such  plans  and  specifications 
of  buildings  1o  be  erected  for  such  purpose,  at  the  expense  of  and  tendered  by  the 
organization  under  the  laws  of  Illinois,  known  as  the  World's  Exposition."  * 

The  action  taken  under  said  section  is  disclosed  in  the  proceedings  of  the  Direct- 
ors, which,  with  the  subsequent  action  of  the  National  Commission,  is  herewith 
submitted : 

CHICAGO,  July  1,  1890. 
To  the  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

GENTLEMEN  :  At  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Exposition,  held  this  day,  the  following  resolution  was  unanimously  adopted  : 

Resolved,  That  this  Board  hereby  adopts  —  subject  to  the  concur] ence  of  the 
authorities  having  jurisdiction  thereof — the  Lake  Front  and  Jackson  Park  as  the  site 
for  the  location  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  it  being  the  intention  of  the 
Board  to  make  as  large  a  use  as  may  be  possible  of  the  room  now  existing  or  that 
may  hereafter  bega'ned  on  the  Lake  Front,  and  use  Jackson  Park  so  far  as  may  be 
necessary  to  provide  adequate  room  and  buildings  for  the  Exposition. 

Adopted  July  1,  1890. 

Very  respectfully, 

J.  II.  KING  WILL, 

Approved:  Acting  Secretary. 

LYMAN  J.  GAGE, 

President. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Price,  of  Kansas,  the  Commission  then  proceeded  to  the  call 
of  the  roll  by  States,  upon  the  order,  viz. :  The  resolution  of  Mr.  Martindale,  of 
Indiana,  as  follows: 

Resolved,  That  the  site  proposed  by  the  President  and  the  Directors  of  the  Chi- 
cago Columbian  Exposition  for  the  holding  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  be, 
and  the  same  is,  formally  accepted  by  this  Commission,  and  that  all  questions  about 
the  title  of  said  site  and  facilities  of  transportation,  etc.,  etc.,  be  referred  to  a  com- 
mittee of  ten,  to  be  appointed  by  the  President  of  the  Commission,  and  said  com- 
mittee shall  be  directed  to  report  at  the  next  meeting  of  the  Commission. 

The  roll  was  called,  and  the  resolution  was  adopted  by  vote  of  81  to  11. 

Said  Act  of  Congress  provides  (Section  6):  "  That  the  said  Commissioners  shall 
allot  space  for  exhibitors,  prepare  a  classification  of  exhibits,  determine  the  plan  and 
scope  of  the  Exposition." 

Touching  the  location  of  the  exhibits  inquired  of  by  your  honorable  body, 
the  Directory  call  attention  to  the  citation  above. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session  117 

It  will  be  observed  that  ibe  National  Commission  is  clothed  with  certain  super-  Second  Sea- 
visory  power,  and  is  also  charged  with  certain  specific  duties  by  the  section  quoted.  Fifth  Day. 
Attention  is  called  to  this  matter  as  bearing  on  the  authority  of  the  Local  Board 
with  reference  to  determining  definitely  and  finally  where  exhibits  shall  be  placed. 
The  Directory  is  informed  that  an  impression  has  been  created,  as  they  believe  by 
persons  unfriendly  to  the  Exposition,  that  in  the  disposition  of  the  exhibits  some 
injustice  is  contemplated  or  may  be  done  the  agricultural  interests  of  the  country 
by  divorcing  that  display  from  the  main  exhibit.  The  allegation  or  suggestion  is 
unfounded  and  unjust  to  the  Directory.  The  fact  is  fully  recognized  that  agri- 
culture is  one  of  the  chief  sources  of  our  Nation's  prosperity  and  greatness,  and  is 
entitled  to  and  must  receive  conspicuous  prominence  in  the  Exposition.  It  must 
not  be  forgotten  that  the  Fair  will  be  an  entirety  notwithstanding  a  dual  site. 
I1  will  be  obvious  to  all,  on  a  moment's  reflection,  that  the  knowledge  and  experience 
acquired  in  the  past  in  allotting  space  and  apportioning  exhibits  would  not  at  this 
early  date  qualify  the  Directors  to  state  with  even  approximate  accuracy  and  detail 
the  precise  location  of  buildings  and  exhibits,  but  the  Board  can,  and  does,  indi- 
cate its  plan  and  purpose  to  so  provide  that  there  shall  be  no  just  ground  on  the  part 
of  any  interest  for  even  captious  criticisms. 

The  Directory  is  in  conference  with  the  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  and  has 
solicited  their  active  aid  and  cooperation,  and  the  plan  of  the  Directory  with 
refer*  nee  to  exhibits,  so  far  as  it  is  pjssible  in  advance  to  form  one,  has  been 
presented  to  the  Committee  of  that  Board.  It  is  inevitable  that  the  statements 
presented  must  be  general  in  terms.  In  common,  with  their  fellow-citizens,  the 
members  of  this  Board  are  deeply  sensible  of  the  importance  of  doing  the  fullest 
justice  and  affording  ample  opportunity  to  every  industry  and  interest  in  the  country; 
that  in  no  other  way  can  success  be  deserved  or  achieved.  They  feel,  and  each  cf 
them  feels,  that  in  no  small  measure  the  dignity  and  honor  of  the  Nation,  in  the 
matter  of  making  the  proposed  Exposiiion  fit  and  worthy,  are  committed  to  the 
State  and  citizens  of  Illinois,  and  the  Directory  have  no  ambition  or  wish  but  to 
so  discharge  their  duties  as  to  reflect  honor  on  the  State  and  city  in  redeeming  their 
pledges  to  the  Nation  and  the  world.  The  subjoined  resolution  and  statement 
thereto  appended/  adopted  by  a  unanimous  vote  of  the  Board,  is  an  expression  of 
their  desire  and  intention  touching  the  exhibits: 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  intention  and  purpose  of  this  Board,  in  so  far  as  it  may 
be  able  to  do  so,  to  locate  the  Agricultural  and  Stock  exhibits  of  the  World's  Co- 
lumbian Exposition  in  the  same  mclosure  with  the  Machinery,  State,  and  such  other 
exhibits  as  will  render  that  portion  of  the  Exposition  at  least  equal  in  general 
interest  and  attractiveness  to  any  other  portion  of  the  World's  Fair,  and  to  consist 
(with  others)  of  such  exhibits  as  the  following  : 

1st.     The  agricultural  display  in  all  its  divisions  and  ramifications,  including 
the  varied  products  of  the  soil,  live  stock,  and  food  products. 

2d.     Agricultural  implements  and  machinery  of  every  character  and  description. 

3d.     Machinery  and  power  hall,  with  all  its  various  groups  and  extensive  rami- 
fications. 

4th.     Forestry,  including  the  varieties  of  wood  and  wood-working  machinery 
not  placed  in  the  preceding  item. 

5th.    Railroad  display.      Railroad  equipments,  including  all  fixed  plants  and 
rolling-stock  used  in  the  construction  and  operation  of  a  ra'lroad. 

6th.  Hydraulics  and  pneumatics,  including  all  hydraulic  imd  pneumatic  machin- 
ery and  motors  and  things  pertaining  to  those  arts. 


118  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Second^ses-  7th.     Street  railroads  and  tramways  and  electric  and  other  motive-power  for 

Fifth  Day.  operating  the  same. 

8th.     An  electric  plant  with  power  and  appurtenances. 

9th.     Mills  and  milling  machinery  and  devices  pertaining  to  the  art. 

10th.  Printing  in  all  its  branches  and  ramifications;  power  presses,  type 
machines,  automatic  type-setting  machines,  etc.,  etc. 

llth.     Weaving;  power  and  hand  looms  and  kindred  devices  and  machines. 

12th.     Glassware  and  glass-making,  with  the  tools,  implements,  machinery,  etc. 

13th.     Minerals  and  ores  of  all  nations. 

14th.    Pottery  exhibits,  with  the  machinery  and  appliances  for  manufacture. 

15th.     Departments  of  telegraphy,  telephony,  phonographs,  graphophones,  etc. 

16th.    Builders'  hardware,  tools,  cutlery,  etc. 

17th.     Military  and  sporting  arms,  weapons,  explosives,  and  enginery  of  war. 

18th.     Machine  tools — wood,  metal,  and  stone. 

19th.  Apparatus  and  implements  used  in  sewing  and  making  clothing,  laces, 
and  ornamental  articles. 

20th.  Machinery  for  the  manufacture  of  silk,  including  the  removal  of  the  fibre 
from  the  cocoon,  etc. 

21st.     Architecture,  engineering,  and  things  appertaining  thereto. 

22d.     Cotton  and  woolen  mills  and  fabrics  thereof. 

23d.    Marine  display. 

We  may  add  one  of  the  cogent  reasons  for  the  use  of  the  Lake  Front.  We  have 
with  us  a  permanent  population  of  more  than  one  million  people.  During  the  six 
months  of  the  Fair,  the  great  proportion  of  our  business  men,  clerks,  industrial 
classes,  railroad  operatives,  and  other  employes,  will  find  their  time  more  severely 
taxed  (in  the  care  and  entertainment  of  our  visitors)  than  at  any  other  period.  Their 
opportunities  for  visiting  that  part  of  the  Exposition  lying  more  remote  from  the 
center  of  the  city  will  not  be  at  all  what  we  could  desire.  It  is  also  impracticable  to 
keep  open  in  the  evening  buildings  much  removed  from  the  center.  The  Lake 
Front  can  be  thus  utilized  in  the  evening.  It  should  be  made  attractive  and  educa- 
tional. To  this  point  our  own  people  and  visiting  strangers  could  and  would  come 
by  the  thousands,  to  crown  by  a  delightful  evening  the  labors  of  the  day. 

Concerning  the  exhibits  upon  the  Lake  Front,  the  Board  contemplate  placing 
there  the  art  building,  which  is  designed  to  be  a  large  structure,  beautiful  in  archi- 
tectural design  and  finish.  There  will  be  exhibited  in  this  building  fine  arts,  oil- 
paintings,  water-colors,  engravings,  statuary,  etc. 

2d.  Decorative  art  building,  suitable  for  an  elaborate  display  of  decorative  art ; 
jewelry  display,  such  as  diamonds,  watches,  gold  and  silver  ornaments,  clocks, 
bronzes,  decorative  embroideries,  and  high  art  goods  of  all  kinds. 

3d.     An  electrical  plant,  with  electrical  devices,  illuminated  fountains,  etc. 

4th.     Turkish,  Indian,  and  Egyptian  villages,  etc. 

5th.  Government  departmental  exhibits,  which  would  include  exhibits  from  the 
State  Department,  Treasury  Department,  War  Department,  Navy  Department, 
Interior  Department,  Post  Office  Department,  Department  of  Justice,  Smithsonian 
Institution,  and  National  Museum,  and  Fish  and  Fisheries  Department,  as  stated 
above. 

These  are  indicative  of  the  line  of  exhibits  intended  for  the  Lake  Front,  but  of 
course  they  do  not  and  could  not,  in  the  nature  of  things,  include  any  considerable 
part  of  the  catalogue. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  119 

It  is  impossible  to  convey  to  the  mind  an  adequate  idea  of  the  vastness,  variety,  second  Ses- 
number,  and  extent  of  the  exhibits  at  each  place.  The  fact  that  there  will  be  not  Fifth  Day. 
less  than  40,000  or  50,000  exhibitors  (there  were  50,000  at  the  Paris  Exposition)  will 
present  a  more  just  conception  of  what  may  be  seen  at  the  Exposition.  The  few  arts 
mentioned  in  this  reply  will  be  further  classified  into  divisions  and  subdivisions, 
as  will  be  the  hundreds  of  arts  not  enumerated  herein.  The  Directory  could  only 
hope,  in  replying  to  the  resolution  of  inquiry,  to  make  it  clear  that  under  the  plan 
they  adopt  no  injustice  can  be  done  to  any  interest,  and  to  challenge  attention  to  the 
fact  that  their  action  in  that  behalf  is,  and  will  be,  under  the  supervision  of  the 
National  Board,  It  would  seem  to  be  obvious  that  any  departure  from  a  broad 
policy,  which  shall  do  equal  justice  to  all  industries  and  interests,  would  entail 
disaster  upon  the  Exposition,  and  reflect  discredit  alike  upon  the  Directory  and  the 
'National  Commission,  and  place  the  State  of  Illinois  in  a  humiliating  attitude  before 
the  world.  Can  higher  or  safer  guarantees  than  these  be  given  for  the  faithful  dis- 
charge of  the  duties  devolving  upon  all  who  are  charged  with  the  task  of  making 
the  Exposition  a  success?  We  think  not. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

LYMAN  J.  GAGE, 

President. 

THOMAS  B.  BRYAN, 

BENJ.  BUTTER  WORTH,  Vice- President. 

Secretary. 


The  President  said  that  unless  there  were  objections  he  would  order  Referred  to 

a  Select 

the  communication  referred   to  a  select   committee,    consisting  of  three    tee™mit~ 
members  of  the  Committee  on    Titles  and    Local  Facilities,  three  mem- 
bers of  the  Judiciary  Committee,  and  three  members    of  the  Committee 
on  Classification,  and  it  was  so  ordered. 

In   accordance  with  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Widener,  of  Pennsylvania,  Election  of 

Dlrectoi- 

making  the  election  of  the  Director-General  the  special  order  after  the    ( 
morning  hour,  that  subject  was  called  up. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  moved  that  the  first  ballot  for  Director- 
General  shall  be  an  informal  ballot,  and  after  considerable  discussion 
withdrew  his  motion;  but  the  motion  was  renewed  by  Mr.  White,  of  New 
Mexico,  and  after  further  debate  was  adopted. 


Mr.  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey,  nominated  General  D.  H.  Hastings, 
Pennsylvania,  for  Director-General,  and  Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  nom- 
inated Colonel  George  R.  Davis,  of  Chicago.  The  two  nominations  were 
seconded  by  numerous  Commissioners. 

The  President  appointed  Mr.  Bullock,   of    Massachusetts,  and  Mr. 
Cochran,  of  Texas,  as  tellers  to  receive  the  votes,  and  directed  that  the 


120  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

second  sea-  roll  of  the  Commission  be  called,  which  was  done.     The  Commissioners 

sion— 

Day'  deposited  their  ballots,  and  the  tellers  reported  the  following  result: 

Total  number  of  votes  cast,  92,  of  which 
Result  of  George  R.  Davis  received          -  -  so 

informal 

ballot.                   D   H   Hastings  "  -     32 

J.  A.  McKenzie  "  6 

A.  E.  Stevenson  "  3 

R.  R.  Price  "  i 


Total,        -  92 

Mr.  McClelland,  of  Pennsylvania,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That,  as  the  informal  ballot  showed  a  majority  for  Colonel 
George  R.  Davis,  the  next  ballot  be  regarded  as  formal  and  conclusive, 
and  that  the  election  be  made  unanimous  by  the  President  casting  the 
ballot  of  the  Commission  in  favor  of  Colonel  Davis. 

The  resolution  was  unanimously  carried. 
The  choice  President  Palmer  then  cast  the  vote  of  the  Commission  and  announced 

made 

mous.  that  Colonel  George  R.  Davis  was  unanimously  elected  to  the  office  of 
Director-General  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

committee  j\jr.  Hirst,  of  Florida,  moved  that  a  committee  of  six  be  appointed  by 

to  notify 

tor-Gene?"  the  President  to  notify  Colonel  Davis  of  his  election  as  Director-General, 

ral. 

and  to  bring  him  before  the  Commission.  The  motion  was  carried,  and 
President  Palmer  appointed  Messrs.  Hirst,  of  Florida;  McClelland,  of 
Pennsylvania;  Groner,  of  Virginia;  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia;  Sewell,. 
of  New  Jersey,  and  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  as  members  of  that  Com- 
mittee. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  this  Commission  shall  adjourn  sine  die  on  Saturday, 
September  2oth. 

After  some  debate,  the  resolution  was  put  to  a  vote  and  lost, 
coi.  Davis  The  Committee  appointed  to  wait  on  Colonel  Davis  and  notify  him 

accepts 

ofDirec?   °f  m's  election  as  Director-General' appeared  at  the  bar  of  the  Commission. 

erai. eu  The  Chairman,  Mr.  Hirst,  escorted  Colonel  Davis,  and  presented  him  to 
the  President  of  the  Commission.  The  Director-General  was  invited  to 
a  seat  beside  the  President,  and  after  being  introduced  to  the  Commis- 
sion, made  the  following  remarks: 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  121 

MR.  PRESIDENT  AND  GENTLEMEN  OF  THE  NATIONAL  COMMISSION  :  Director- 
General's 
Your  Committee  has  just  notified  me  of  the  distinguished  honor  that  you    address. 

have  conferred  upon  me  this  morning.  The  selection  made  from  Illinois 
and  Chicago  is  complimentary  to  the  city  and  State,  and  for  the  Local 
Board  of  Directors,  for  my  city,  my  State,  and  myself  I  sincerely  thank 
you.  The  selection  of  the  Director-General  from  untried  men  —  men 
who  have  not  had  great  experience  —  was  a  task  for  you  to  perform  in 
which  I  most  heartily  sympathize  with  you.  It  is  necessary  in  selecting 
a  man  for  this  position  that  you  take  much  for  granted,  for  exhibitions 
of  an  anniversary  that  comes  only  once  in  a  hundred  years  leaves  you  but 
few  men  to  select  from  who  have  had  great  experience.  [Laughter.] 

In  the  discharge  of  the  duties  of  this  great  office  I  will  bring  to  it  all 
the  physical  and  mental  forces  that  I  command.  The  conduct  of  the 
office  shall  be  of  high  grade,  and  it  will  be  my  duty  to  conform  strictly  and 
in  every  detail  to  the  wish  of  this  distinguished  body.  Politics  have  been 
referred  to,  and  as  I  understand  the  position  I  desire  to  say  one  word  in 
regard  to  that,  and  that  is  that  I  recognize  that  the  constituency  that 
elects  me  hereto-day  consists  of  one-half  Republicans  and  one-half  Dem- 
ocrats. It  will  be  the  duty  of  an  honorable  man  to  so  conduct  his  office 
in  his  intercourse  with  all  who  come  in  connection  with  him  —  in  the 
appointments  that  he  has  to  make  —  to  recognize  that  fact,  and  from  the 
fact  that  it  was  a  suggestion  of  my  own,  formulated  by  myself,  and  favored 
by  myself  when  it  was  put  in  the  act  of  Congress,  recognized  as  "the 
spirit  of  the  act  of  Congress,"  I  will  not,  as  your  Director-General,  in  any 
way  fail  to  observe  it  in  every  particular.  [Applause.] 

The  office  will  be  conducted  strictly  upon  business  principles.  I 
recognize  that  you  require  in  all  such  officers  as  may  be  placed  under  my 
command  the  highest  talent,  the  best  ability,  and  the  greatest  capacity 
that  we  can  command;  that  this  is  a  National  Exposition  and  an  Inter- 
national Exposition  and  not  a  local  Exposition;  that  we  will  draw  our 
forces  from  the  country,  draw  our  forces  from  wheresoever  they  may 
come,  provided  they  are  equal  to  the  emergency. 

The  administration  of  my  office  will  be  an  example,  so  far  as  it  is 
possible  for  me  to  make  it  such,  of  the  application  of  legal  principles  to 
business  methods  with  military  discipline. 

I  thank  you,  gentlemen,  for  the  compliment  and  am  prepared  to  enter 
upon  the  duty.  [Long  and  continued  applause.] 

The  President  announced  that  he  had  received  the  following  com- 
munication, which  the  Clerk  was  ordered  to  read: 

CHICAGO,  September  19,  1890. 
To  tJie   World's  Columbian  Commission: 

GENTLEMEN:  The  Auditorium  Association  respectfully  invites  the 
members  of  your  honorable  body  and  their  families  to  attend  the  per- 
formance to  be  presented  this  evening  at  the  Auditorium.  Tickets  for 
twenty-eight  boxes,  seating  140  people,  are  herein  enclosed,  and  will  be 


World's  Columbian  Commission. 

second  ses-  delivered  to  your  Secretary.      Hoping  you   may   find  it  convenient  to 
Fifth  Day  accept  this  invitation,  I  am, 

Respectfully, 

FERD.  W.  PECK, 
President  Chicago  Auditorium  Association. 

Mr.  Johnson,  alternate  from  the  District  of  Columbia,  moved  that 
the  invitation  be  accepted,  with  the  thanks  of  the  Commission,  and  it  was 
so  voted. 

Notice  was  given  of  the  meeting  of  the  Executive  Committee  in  the 
Council  Chamber  immediately  upon  the  adjournment  of  the  Commission. 

Notice  was  given  of  the  meeting  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Affairs  in  the  Council  Chamber  immediately  upon  the  adjournment  of 
the  Commission. 

Notice  was  given  of  the  meeting  of  the  Committee  on  Ceremonies 
at  the  small  parlor  of  the  Auditorium  Hotel  at  4  p.  M. 

Notice  was  given  of  the  meeting  of  the  Committee  on  Agriculture 
in  the  parlor  of  the  Grand  Pacific  at  3  p.  M. 

Notice  was  given  of  the  meeting  of  the  Committee  on  Machinery 
in  room  502,  Palmer  House,  at  4.30  p.  M. 

Notice  was  given  of  the  meeting  of  the  Judiciary  Committee  at  the 
Pullman  Building  at  4.30  p.  M. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned. 


Second  Session— Sixth  Day,  Saturday,  Sept.  20,  1890. 

Ses^on-Ses"          The  Commission  met  at  10  o'clock  A.  M.     President  Palmer  in  the 

Sixth  Day.     ,      • 

chair. 

ROLL   CALL. 

Roii-caii.  COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE. — California,  M.  L.  McDonald;  Kentucky, 

W.  Lindsay;  Massachusetts,  A.  G.  Bullock;  Michigan,  T.  W.  Palmer; 
Missouri,  R.  C.  Kerens;  New  York,  G.  W.  Allen;  Pennsylvania,  P.  A.  B. 
Widener;  Texas,  H.  Exall. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  STATES. — Alabama,  F.  G.  Bromberg;  Arkansas, 
J.  D.  Adams,  L.  Gregg;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J.  V.  Skiff;  Connect- 
icut, T.  M.  Waller;  Delaware,  G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H.  Porter;  Florida,  J. 
Hirst,  R.  Turnbull;  Georgia,  L.  McLaws,  C.  H.  Way;  Idaho,  G.  A.  Man- 
ning; Illinois,  C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T.  Ewing;  Indiana,  T.  E.  Garvin,  E.  B. 
Martindale;  Iowa,  W.  I.  Buchanan,  J.  Hayes,  alternate;  Kansas,  C.  K. 
Holliday,  Jr.,  R.  R.  Price;  Kentucky,  J.  Bennett,  J.  A.  McKenzie;  Louisi- 


Minutes  of4  the  Second  Session.  123 

\ 

ana,  D.  B.  Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate;  Maine,  A.  R.  Bixby,  C.  E.  secomi  sea- 
Edwards,  alternate;  Maryland,  L.  Lowndes,  G.  M.  .Upshur,  alternate;  * 
Massachusetts,  F.  W.  Breed;  Michigan,  M.  H.  Lane,  C.  H.  Richmond; 
Minnesota,  M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V.  Tousley;  Mississippi,  J.  M.  Bynum, 
R,  L.  Saunders;  Montana,  L.  H.  Hershfield,  A.  H.  Mitchell;  Nebraska, 
Euclid  Martin,  A.  G.  Scott;  Nevada,  J.  W.  Haines,  G.  Russell;  New 
Hampshire,  F.  E.  Kaley,  alternate;  New  Jersey,  W.  J.  Sewell,  T.  Smith; 
New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H.  Breslin,  alternate;  North  Carolina,  T.  B. 
Keogh,  E.  Carr,  alternate;  North  Dakota,  H.  P.  Rucker,  M.  Ryan;  Ohio, 
W.  Ritchie,  L.  C.  Cron,  alternate;  Oregon,  M.  Wilkins,  J.  L.  Morrow,  alter- 
nate; Pennsylvania,  W.  McClelland,  J.  W.  Woodside;  Rhode  Island,  L. 
B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina,  J.  R.  Cochran,  E.  L.  Roche,  alter- 
nate; South  Dakota,  M.  H.  Day,  L.  S.  Bullard,  alternate;  Tennessee, 
R.  Strong,  A.  B.  Hurt,  alternates;  Texas,  A.  M.  Cochran,  J.  T.  Dickin- 
son; Vermont,  H.  H.  Mclntyre;  Virginia,  V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T.  Harris; 
Washington,  W.  Bingham,  C.  B.  Bagley,  alternates;  West  Virginia,  J.  D. 
Butt,  J.  W.  St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,  P.  Allen,  Jr.,  J.  L.  Mitchell;  Wyoming, 
H.  G.  Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate;  Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats;  New  Mexico, 
T.  C.  Gutierres,  R.  M.  White;  Oklahoma,  O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah, 
P.  H.  Larman,  W.  M.  Ferry,  alternate;  District  of  Columbia,  A.  A.  Wilson, 
E.  K.  Johnson,  alternate. 

Mr.  Bullock,  of  Massachusetts,  moved  that  the  minutes  be  approved 
nd  the  reading  dispensed  with,  and  it  was  so  voted. 

The  President  ordered  that  hereafter  a  copy  of  the  minutes  should 
be  delivered  to  each  member  of  the  Commission  at  or  before  7  o'clock, 
in  order  that  they  may  be  read  before  the  assembling  of  the  Commission. 

The  President  announced  the  names  of  the  Lady  Managers  anc. 
alternates,  so  far  as  they  had,  up  to  this  time,  been  determined  upon. 

The  President  announced,  and  had  read  by  the  Clerk,  the  following 
communication  from  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  of  Chicago, 
which  was  ordered  filed: 

SECRETARY'S  OFFICE  OF  THE  WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN  EXPOSITION. 

CHICAGO,   September   19,  1890. 

Hon.  JOHN  T.   DICKINSON,   Secretary    World's    Columbian    Commission, 
Chicago: 

DEAR  SIR:  Will  you  kindly  convey  to  your  Commission,  at  its  next  Chicago  DI, 
meeting,  the  following  resolution  adopted  at  a  meeting  of  the   Board  of     voteof 
Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian   Exposition,  held  this  afternoon: 

Resolved,  That  the  thanks  of  this   Board  are  hereby  tendered  to  the 


124  World?  s  Columbian  Commission. 

second  ses-  World's  Columbian  Commission  for  the  election  to  the  highest  office  in 
sixth  Day.  jts  gfa  Q£  a  member  of  this  body. 

Respectfully  yours, 

J.  H.  KTNGWILL, 

Assistant  Secretary. 

The  Secretary  made  the  following  announcement: 
If  the  Commissioners  to-day  will  hand  to  me,  as  soon  as  convenient, 
an  itemized  statement  of  the  expenses  they  are  entitled  to  up  to  date,  I 
will  have  these  memoranda  copied  on  blank  vouchers  prepared  for  that 
purpose.  The  Commissioners  can  then  take  these  vouchers  home  with 
them,  fill  out  the  balance  of  the  items,  have  them  notarially  acknowledged, 
and  return  them  to  me  to  be  sent  to  Washington  for  payment. 

The  Secretary  read  the  following  communication  from  Potter  Palmer, 
Esq.,  of  Chicago: 

The  members  of  the  Commission  are  invited  by  Mr.  Potter  Palmer 
to  dine  with  the  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  at  the 
Palmer  House,  at  7.30  o'clock  this  evening.  Invitations  have  been  sent 
to  the  guests,  but  lest  any  of  them  may  not  have  reached  those  to  whom 
they  are  addressed,  this  invitation  is  extended  to  them. 

It  was  voted  that  the  invitation  of  Mr.  Palmer  be  accepted,  with 
the  thanks  of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  Groner,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Titles  and  Local 
Facilities,  presented  the  following  repor  ,  and  moved  its  adoption: 

REPORT  of  the  Committee  on   Titles  and  Local  Facilities. 

CHICAGO,  September  20,  1890. 

^Se'coi-  Your  Committee  on  Titles  and  Local  Facilities,  appointed  by  a  reso- 

Tit"'s°a°nnd  lution  of  the  Commission  adopted  on  the  second  day  of  July,  1890,  to 
report  on  all  questions  relating  to  the  title  of  the  site  accepted  by  the 
Commission,  and  facilities  of  transportation,  etc.,  would  state  that  they 
have  given  the  matters  involved  in  the  questions  assigned  to  them  careful 
and  continuous  attention  since  the  loth  instant,  being  the  day  it  was 
-called  to  convene  in  Chicago,  and  beg  leave  to  report  as  follows: 

That  so  far  as  the  title  to  Jackson  Park  and  the  Midway  Plaisance 
(embracing  633  acres)  is  concerned,  they  believe  it  is  vested  in  the 
World's  Columbian  Exposition,  by  the  Act  of  the  General  Assembly  of 
the  State  of  Illinois  passed  at  its  recent  session,  and  by  ordinance  of  the 
South  Park  Commissioners,  and  is  such  a  title  as  confers  the  right  to  use 
these  parks  as  a  site  for  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  during  the 
period  required. 

And,  further,  that  while  this  Committee  has  not,  in  a  full  sense, 
such  evidence  of  title  on  the  part  of  the  Chicago  Directory  in  and  to  the 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  125 

Lake  Front  part  of  the  site,  so  called,  as  justifies  an  absolute  approval  second ses- 
of  title,  that,  nevertheless,  the  Committee  is  so  far  assured  that  posses-    Sixth  Da?- 
sion  for  the  purposes  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  will  be  ample 
and  undisturbed  during  the  period  required  for  holding  such  Exposition, 
that  it  becomes  both  the  privilege  and  the  duty  of  this  Committee  to  so 
report  to  the  Commission. 

We  return  herewith  a  plat  of  Jackson  Park  and  Midway  Plaisance, 
showing  the  number  of  acres  contained  therein,  with  a  description  of  the 
improved  and  unimproved  ground  tendered  by  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition  of  Chicago  to  your  Commission,  and  marked  "  Exhibit  A." 

Also  an  authenticated  copy  of  the  recent  statute  of  the  State  of  Illi- 
nois authorizing  the  South  Park  Commissioners  to  give  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  the  right  to  use  and  occupy  said  lands,  and  marked 
"Exhibit  B." 

Also  a  duly  certified  copy  of  the  ordinance  passed  by  the  said  Park 
Commissioners  allowing  the  use  of  Jackson  Park  and  Midway  Plaisance 
for  the  purposes  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  and  marked  "Ex- 
hibit C."  • 

Also  a  certified  copy  of  the  acceptance  of  said  ordinance  by-the 
World's  Columbian  Exposition,  and  marked  "  Exhibit  C  C." 

Also  a  plat  of  the  part  of  the  site  known  as  the  Lake  Front  Park, 
right  of  way  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  and  the  harbor  between 
Monroe  Street  on  the  north  and  Park  Row  on  the  south,  furnished  your 
Committee  by  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  showing  31.9  acres  of 
made  ground,  and  from  fifty  to  sixty  acres  in  the  harbor  east  of  the 
right  of  way  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  purposed  to  be  filled  and 
utilized,  marked  "  Exhibit  D." 

Also  a  certified  copy  of  a  recent  ordinance  of  the  City  of  Chicago 
giving  the  right  to  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  to  use  said  Lake 
Park  and  Water  Front  for  the  purposes  of  the  Exposition,  under  authority 
of  the  Act  of  the  State  Legislature,  as  shown  in  "Exhibit  B,"  and  marked 
"Exhibit  E." 

Also  a  copy  of  the  decision  rendered  by  Justice  Harlan  in  the  Circuit 
Court,  of  the  United  States,  in  the  case  of  the  people  of  the  State  of 
Illinois,  the  City  of  Chicago,  and  the  United  States  versus  the  Illinois 
Central  Railroad  Company,  determining  the  ownership  of  the  City  of 
Chicago  to  the  Lake  Park,  and  marked  "Exhibit  F." 

In   this   relation  your   Committee  further  refers  to  the  copy  of  the 
State  law,  marked  "  Exhibit  B,"  providing  legal  proceedings  to  determine 
the  damages,  if  any,  to  the  abutting  property-owners  on  Lake  Park. 
TRANSPORTATION  FACILITIES. 

In  regard  to  the  transportation  facilities  between  Lake  Park  and 
vicinity  and  Jackson  Park,  your  Committee  herewith  return  an  estimate 
of  the  capacity  of  the  Chicago  City  Railway,  the  Rapid  Transit  Elevated 
Railroad,  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  and  the  steamer  lines  at  130,000 


126  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

per  hour  each  way,. at  the  estimated  fare  of  five  cents  each  way,  excepting 
sixth  Day.  ^Q  steamers,  upon  which  no  estimate  of  cost  was  obtained.  The  Illinois 
Central  Railroad  makes  the  reservation  in  regard  to  a  five-cent  fare  con- 
ditional in  the  event  "  that  this  reduced  rate  can  be  lawfully  made  with- 
out disturbing  the  regular  rates  established  for  ordinary  suburban  serv- 
ice." Its  President,  however,  expresses  himself  as  favoring  a  five-cent 
rate,  as  may  be  noted  by  exhibits  returned  and  marked  "  G,"  "  H,"  and 
"  I,"  respectively. 

There  are  other  railroads  and  a  number  of  streets  and  avenues  lead- 
ing from  the  vicinity  of  Lake  Park  to  Jackson  Park,  by  which  large  num- 
bers could  also  be  conveyed,  and  your  Committee  consider  the  transpor- 
tation facilities  ample. 

Your  Committee  also  returns  herewith,  marked  "  Exhibit  J,"  a  reply 
from  Lyman  J.  Gage,  President  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  to 
the  resolution  recently  passed  by  your  Commission,  and  a  letter  accom- 
panying the  same  from  the  Chairman  of  your  Committee  in  relation  to 
the  area  of  ground  east  of  the  tracks  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad,  pur- 
posed to  be  used  as  part  of  the  site,  and  also  as  to  whether  it  is  the  inten- 
tion of  the  Directory  to  encroach  upon  the  ten  millton  dollar  fund  for  the 
purpose  of  filling  Jackson  Park,  and  filling  and  piling  the  Lake  Front.  This 
reply  states  that  the  area  purposed  to  be  used  east  of  the  railroad  tracks 
will  be  between  fifty  and  sixty  acres;  that  it  is  not  contemplated  to  go 
beyond  the  present  harbor  line,  and,  further,  that  it  is  the  intention  of  the 
Board  to  use  the  ten  million  dollars  pledged  for  the  erection  of  the  Ex- 
position proper. 

Your  Committee  further  returns  herewith  letters  marked  Exhibits 
numbered  from  one  to  eight,  inclusive,  being  correspondence  between  your 
Committee  and  the  officials  of  the  Chicago  Directory,  in  relation  to  the 
questions  under  investigation. 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

V.  D.  GRONER,  Chairman, 
THOS.  E.  GARVIN, 
WM.  M.  FERRY, 
ADLAI  T.  EWING, 
A.  B.  HURT, 
F.  J.  V.  SKIFF, 
JAS.  D.  BUTT, 
MARTIN  RYAN. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Allen,  Commissioner-at-Large,  a  recess  of  ten 
minutes  was  taken  to  enable  the  Commissioners  to  inspect  the  plans  and 
drawings  of  the  buildings  which  the  Chicago  Directory  propose  to  locate 
upon  the  Lake  Front. 

Mr.  Lindsay,  of  Kentucky,  as  Chairman  of  the  select  Committee  of 
nine  appointed  .on  Friday  to  consider  the  communication  of  the  Chicago 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  127 

World's  Columbian  Exposition  Directory,  and  the  accompanying  docu-  second  ses- 
ments,  reported  that  the  answer  of  the  Directory  had  been  received  and    suthl)ay- 
duly  considered  by  the   Committee,  and   that  their  responses  to  every 
inquiry  made  by  the  Committee  were  satisfactory. 

Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  moved  that  the  report  of  the  Committee  Report 

adopted. 

on  Titles  and  Local  Facilities  be  received  and  adopted,  and  the  report 

itself  made  a  part  of  the  printed  record,  and  the  exhibits  which  it  covers 

simply  filed  for  future  reference,  and  it  was  so  voted. 

Mr.  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That,  permission  having  been  granted  to  Colonel  H.  C.  Cor-  Accepting 

bin  by  the  War  Department  to  accept  such  service  as  might  be  assigned    ices  of 

Col.  H.  C* 

by  this  Commission,  in  accordance  with  a  resolution  requesting  the  same,    u°rsbiA 
the   President   is   directed  to  utilize  the  services  of  Colonel  Corbin  by 
assigning  him,  when  opportunity  offers,  to  such  duty  as  may  be  suited  to 
his  experience  and  ability. 

The  resolution  was  adopted. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  offered  the  following  resolution: 
WHEREAS,  When  this  Commission  was  first  convened  with  its  repre-  officers  of  ^ 
sentatives  from  every  State  in  the  Union,  we  found  here  fully  organize d    Aesocia- 

/  .  ,J  t'on  invit- 

and  working  in  the  interest  of  the  great  Exposition  for  which  we  came    j^to 
to  legislate,  "THE  STATES' ASSOCIATION,"  composed  of  our  former  neigh- 
bors and  friends,  but  now  citizens  of  Chicago,  who  gave  us  a  most  hearty 
welcome,  and  the  pleasure  of  a  magnificent  banquet.     Therefore,  as  an 
expression  of  our  appreciation  of  this  courtesy,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  officers  of  the  "STATES'  ASSOCIATION"  are  wel- 
come to  seats  on  the  floor  of  this  Commission  during  this  and  future 
meetings. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,   That  the  several  standing  committees  of  the  Commission  standing 
be,  and  each  thereof   respectively  is,   hereby  expressly   authorized    and    teerpw- 
empowered  to  sit  at  such  time  or  times,  when  the  Commission  is  not  in    duties, 
session,  as  they  may  severally  determine  to  be  necessary  and  advisable 
for  the  proper  performance  of  their  respective  duties. 

Resolved,  further:  All  such  expenditures  of  moneys  as  may  be  Expendi- 
ordered  by  each  of  said  Committees  in  the  legitimate  prosecution  of  the 
duties  and  functions  of  each,  are  hereby  expressly  authorized,  and  shall 
be  paid  out  of  any  appropriation  which  has  been  or  which  may  hereafter 
be  made  by  Congress  in  aid  or  on  account  of  the  World's  Columbian 
Commission,  or  the  Exposition  with  reference  to  which  it  was  created. 
Provided,  however,  that  no  payment  shall  be  made  in  any  case  without 
the  sanction  and  approval  of  the  Executive  Committee. 

Mr.  Sewell  suggested  that  Mr.  Massey's  resolution  be  referred  to  the  Referred. 


1-28  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

second  ses   Committee  on  Judiciary.      Mr.  Massey  accepted  the  suggestion,  tin '.I  it 

sion  - 

sixth  Day.  was  so  ordered. 

Mr.  Hay,  of  Wyoming,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission  be  instructed  to 
have  printed,  in  suitable  form,  the  several  resolutions  passed  by  the  Com- 
mission in  reference  to  the  appointment  of  a  Board  of  Lady  Managers, 
their  powers,  privileges,  duties,  etc.,  together  with  a  list  of  said  Board  of 
Lady  Managers,  for  distribution  among  said  Board. 

Mr.  Garvin,  of  Indiana,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  thanks  of  this  Commission  be  returned  to  the 
Chicago  Decorating  Company  for  their  gratuitous  decoration  of  the  hall 
recently  occupied  by  the  Commission,  and  for  the  correct  taste  and  skill 
exhibited  in  such  decoration. 

Mr.  Lindsay,  Commissioner-at-Large  from  Kentucky,  offered  the  fol- 
lowing resolution,  which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission  be,  and  he  is  hereby 
instructed  to  furnish  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  certified  copies  of 
the  By-Laws  numbers  eleven  (n)  and  fifteen  (15),  with  request  that  he 
approve  the  said  By-Laws,  and  each  of  them. 

On  behalf  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs,  Mr.  Massey,  of  Dela- 
ware, offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was,  by  his  consent,  laid 
upon  the  table: 

Resolved,  That  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs  be  increased  so  as 
to  consist  of  ten  Commissioners. 

Cuonof'u~ie          Mr.   Mercer,   alternate  from  Wyoming,  called   up   his  resolution   of 
filmed.11     Thursday  as  part  of  the  unfinished  business  of  the  Commission,  and  pro- 
ceeded to  address  the  Commission.     At  the  conclusion  of  his  remarks 
Mr.    Martindale,   of  Indiana,  offered  the  following  resolution  as  a  sub- 
stitute for  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Mercer: 

Resol'red,  That  in  the  opinion  of  this  Commission  one  single  site  for 
the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  is  especially  desirable;  it  is  also  espe- 
cially desirable  that  a  part  of  such  site  should  border  upon  the  lake;  that 
in  the  opinion  of  this  Commission  the  Directors  of  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Exposition  may  procure  and  present  to  this  Commission  the  most 
desirable  site  by  adopting  Washington  Park,  the  Midway  Plaisance,  and 
that  part  of  Jackson  Park  lying  south  of  the  north  line  of  the  Midway 
Plaisance,  extended  through  to  the  lake,  together  with  the  Washington 
Park  Club  for  live  stock  and  speed  exhibits;  that,  while  we  do  not  at  this 
time  reconsider  our  action  accepting  Jackson  Park  and  the  Lake  Front, 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  129 

we  respectfully  but  earnestly  request  the  Directors  of  the  World's  Colum- second 
bian  Exposition  to  procure  and   present  to  this  Commission  the  single    sixth  Day. 
site  above  outlined;  that  the  special  Committee  yesterday  appointed,  to 
whom  was  referred  the  communication  in  reference  to  site  from  the  Direct- 
ors, is  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to  confer  with  said  Directors,  and 
report  to  this  Commission  whether  such  single  site  above  indicated  can 
be  procured  and  presented  to  this  Commission  for  its  acceptance. 

Mr.  Way,  of  Georgia,  offered  the  folio  wing  substitute  to  the  substitute: 

WHEREAS,  The  Illinois  Directory  of  the  World's  Columbian  Expo- 
sition has  been  unable  to  select  and  present  to  the  National  Commission 
an  acceptable  site  for  the  Fair;  and, 

WHEREAS,  It  is  feared  by  many  members  of  the  National  Commis- 
sion that  it  is  practically  impossible  for  the  Local  Board  to  agree  upon  a 
suitable  site,  owing  to  circumstances  beyond  their  control;  now,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  Illinois  Directory  be  requested  to  submit  to  a 
committee  of  fifteen  members  of  the  National  Commission,  appointed  by 
its  President,  any  and  all  such  sites  as  may  have  been  tendered  them, 
and  any  and  all  such  sites  as  may  be  obtained  by  them,  with  all  papers 
and  documents  referring  to  said  sites,  to  the  end  that  this  National  Com- 
mission may  aid  them  in  the  solution  of  this  problem  so  long  delayed,  and 
so  injurious  to  the  interests  of  the  great  undertaking. 

After  protracted  debate,  Mr.  Way  withdrew  his  substitute  temporarily. 
Mr.   Exall,  of  Texas,   offered   the  following  resolution,  which  was 
seconded  by  Mr.  Way: 

Resolved,  That  this  Commission  does  hereby  ratify  and  confirm  its 
action  taken  in  July  last  in  accepting  the  site  then  offered  by  the  Local 
Board,  and  does  further  accept  the  addition  thereto  of  the  strip  of  land 
known  as  the  Midway  Plaisance,  and  does  hereby  confirm  the  location 
thus  provided  for  the  World's  Fair,  or  Columbian  Exposition. 

After  further  discussion,  Mr.  Exall  offered  the  following  proviso  as 
an  amendment  to  his  resolution,  and  then  temporarily  withdrew  the  reso- 
lution as  amended: 

Provided,  That  the  Executive  Committee,  in  conference  with  the 
Local  Board,  may  accept  in  addition  thereto  such  portions  of  Washington 
Park  as  they  may  be  enabled  to  tender  them;  and  this  Commission  hereby 
declares  that  it  desires  that  said  Washington  Park  be  added  to  the  tender 
already  made,  if  practicable,  to  the  end  that  the  main  Exhibition  may  be 
held  in  Jackson  and  Washington  Parks. 

Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  announced  that  he  would  renew  the  motion 
for  the  adoption  of  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Exall  as  amended. 


130  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

second  ses-          Mr.  Mercer  accepted  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Martindale  as  an  amend- 

slon— 

sixth  Day.  ment  to  njs  own  resolution. 

Mr.  Johnson,  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  moved,  as  an  amendment 
to  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Martindale,  that  the  select  Committee  be  re- 
quested to  report  not  later  than  12  o'clock  on  Monday,  which  was 
adopted. 

At  this  point,  by  unanimous  request  of  the  Commission,  Mr.  Thomas 
B.  Bryan,  Vice-President  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  was  in- 
vited to  address  the  Commission.  Upon  the  conclusion  of  Mr.  Bryan's 
address,  the  question  was  put  on  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Martindale,  Mr 
Day,  of  South  Dakota,  demanding  the  ayes  and  noes,  the  call  for  which 
was  duly  seconded.  The  roll  was  called,  with  the  following  result: 


Vmad°en8ite 


AYES.—  Commissioners  Mark  L.  McDonald,  W.  Lindsay,  T.  W. 
Palmer>  G-  W-  Allen»  F-  G-  Bromberg,  J.  D.  Adams,  L.  Gregg,  R.  E. 
Goodell,  F.  J.  V.  Skiff,  G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H.  Porter,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turn- 
bull,  L.  McLaws,  C.  H.  Deere,  T.  E.  Garvin,  E.  B.  Martindale,  W.  I.  Bu- 
chanan, J.  Hayes,  alternate,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  R.  R.  Price,  D.  B.  Penn, 
P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate,  A.  R.  Bixby,  C.  S.  Edwards,  alternate,  F.  W. 
Breed,  M.  H.  Lane,  C.  H.  Richmond,  M.  B.  Harrison,  J.  M.  Bynum,  R.  L. 
Saunders,  L.  H.  Hershfield,  A.  H.  Mitchell,  E.  Martin,  A.  G.  Scott,  J.  W. 
Raines,  G.  Russell,  F.  E.  Kaley,  alternate,  T.  Smith,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H. 
Breslin,  alternate,  T.  B.  Keogh,  H.  P.  Rucker,  M.  Ryan,  W.  Ritchie,  L. 
C.  Cron,  alternate,  M.  Wilkins,  J.  L.  Morrow,  alternate,  W.  McClelland, 
J.  W.  Woodside,  L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims,  J.  R.  Cochran,  E.  L.  Roche, 
alternate,  M.  H.  Day,  L.  S.  Bullard,  alternate,  R.  Strong,  A.  B.  Hurt, 
alternates,  J.  T.  Dickinson,  H.  H.  Mclntyre,  V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T.  Harris, 
W.  Bingham,  C.  B.  Bagley,  alternates,  J.  D.  Butt,  J.  W.  St.  Clair,  P.  Allen, 
Jr.,  J.  L.  Mitchell,  H.  G.  Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate,  G.  F.  Coats,  T.  C. 
Gutierres,  R.  M.  White,  O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles,  W.  M.  Ferry,  alternate, 
A.  A.  Wilson,  E.  K.  Johnson,  alternate  —  78. 

NOES.—  A.  G.  Bullock,  H.  Exall,  T.  M.  Waller,  G.  A.  Manning,  A.  T. 
Ewing,  J.  Bennett,  G.  M.  Upshur,  alternate,  A.  M.  Cochran  —  8. 

So  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Martindale  was  adopted. 

Mr.  Cochran,  of  Texas,  moved  to  add  to  the  select  Committee  of 
nine,  appointed  on  Friday,  Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  and  it  was  so  voted. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  moved  to  add  to  the  select  Com- 
mittee of  nine  the  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Machinery,  Mr.  Ritchie, 
of  Ohio,  and  it  was  so  voted. 


Minutes  of  tlie  Second  Session.  131 

Mr.  Ryan,  of  North  Dakota,  moved  to  add  to  the  select  Committee  second  sea- 

J  sion— 

of  nine  the  Chairmen  of  the  Committee  on  Agriculture  and  the   Com-    Sixth  Day- 
mittee  on  Live  Stock,  Messrs.  Buchanan,  of  Iowa,  and  Mitchell,  of  Wis- 
consin, respectively,  and  it  was  so  voted. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  moved  to  add  to  the  select  Committee 
of  nine  Mr.  Exall,  Commissioner-at-Large  from  Texas,  and  it  was  so  voted. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  until  10  o'clock  Monday  morning. 


Second  Session — Seventh  Day,  Monday,  Sept.  22,  1890. 

The   Commission   met  at  TI.O^  A.  M.     President  Palmer  in  the  chair,  second ses- 

3  sion— 

Seventh 

ROLL  CALL. 

COMMISSIONERS- AT-LARGE. — California,.  M.  L.  McDonald;  Kentucky,  Roii-caii. 
W.  Lindsay;  Michigan,  T.  W.  Palmer;  New  York,  G.  W.  Allen;  Texas, 
H.  Exall. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  STATES. — Alabama,  F.  G.  Bromberg;  Arkansas, 
L  Gregg;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J.  V.  Skiff;  Delaware,  G.  V.  Mas- 
sey,  W.  H.  Porter;  Florida,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turnbull;  Georgia,  L.  McLaws, 
C.  H.  Way;  Idaho,  G.  A.  Manning;  Illinois,  C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T.  Ewing; 
Indiana,  T.  E.  Garvin,  E.  B.  Martindale;  Iowa,  W.  I.  Buchanan,  J.  Hayes, 
alternate;  Kansas,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  R.  R.  Price;  Kentucky,  J.  A.  Mc- 
Kenzie;  Louisiana,  D.  B.  Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate;  Maine,  A. 
R.  Bixby,  C.  S.  Edwards,  alternate;  Massachusetts,  F.  W.  Breed;  Michi- 
gan, M.  H.  Lane,  C.  H.  Richmond;  Minnesota,  M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V. 
Tousley;  Mississippi,  J.  M.  Bynum,  R.  L.  Saunders;  Montana,  L.  H. 
Hershfield,  A.  H.  Mitchell;  Nebraska,  Euclid  Martin,  A.  G.  Scott;  Nevada, 
J.  W.  Haines;  G.  Russell;  New  Jersey,  T.  Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher; 
North  Carolina,  T.  B.  Keogh,  E.  Carr,  alternate;  North  Dakota,  H.  P. 
Rucker,  M.  Ryan;  Ohio,  W.  Ritchie,  L.  C.  Cron,  alternate;  Oregon,  M. 
Wilkins,  J.  L.  Morrow,  alternate;  Pennsylvania,  W.  McClelland,  J.  W. 
Woodside;  Rhode  Island,  L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina,  J.  R. 
Cochran,  E.  L.  Roche,  alternate;  South  Dakota,  M.  H.  Day,  L.  S.  Bui- 
lard,  alternate;  Tennessee,  R.  Strong,  A.  B.  Hurt,  alternates;  Texas, 
A.  M.  Cochran,  J.  T.  Dickinson;  Vermont,  H.  H.  Mclntyre;  Virginia, 
V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T.  Harris;  Washington,  W.  Bingham,  C.  B.  Bagley, 
alternates;  West  Virginia,  J.  D.  Butt,  J.  W.  St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,  P.  Allen, 
Jr.,  J.  L.  Mitchell;  Wyoming,  H.  G.  Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate; 
Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats;  New  Mexico,  T.  C.  Gutierres,  R.  M.  White;  Okla- 


132  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Ses1on-Ses"  noma>  O-  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah,   P.  H.  Lannan,  W.   M.  Ferry,  alter- 


na^e.   District  of  Columbia,  E.  K.  Johnson,  alternate. 

The  President  announced  that  the  minutes  would  be  adopted  and 
held  open  for  revision  and  correction  for  forty-eight  hours  after  being 
presented  to  the  Commission,  but  after  that  time  corrections  can  only 
be  made  by  unanimous  consent. 

Mr.  Haines,  of  Nevada,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

ou°thelon  WHEREAS,   The  messenger  from  the  beyond  has  sent  for  and  taken 

Governor  to  the  other  shore  our  distinguished  friend  and   fellow-citizen,  C.  C.  Ste- 

Stevenson,  ^  r    -\T  i 

of  Nevada,  venson,  Governor  of  Nevada;  and, 

WHEREAS,  He  has  always  been  a  worker  in  the  ranks  of  the  pro- 
gressive men  of  this  Nation,  especially  promoting  the  interests  of  the  great 
Centennial  Exhibition  at  Philadelphia,  in  1876,  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  the  Columbian  Commission  hereby  expresses  its  pro- 
found regret  at  the  loss  of  our  co-laborer,  and  extends  the  fullest  sympathy 
to  the  bereaved;  and  that  the  Secretary  be  instructed  to  send  a  copy  of 
this  to  the  wife  of  deceased,  who  is  one  of  the  Lady  Managers  of  this 
Commission. 

The  resolution  was  seconded  by  Commissioner-at-Large  McDonald, 
of  California;  Mr.  Scott,  of  Nebraska,  and  Mr.  Woodside,  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  was  adopted  by  a  rising  vote. 

Mr.  Bromberg  offered  a  communication,  proposing  the  exhibition 
of  a  "Pine  Palace,"  which  was  ordered  printed  and  referred  to  the 
Committee  on  Forestry  and  Lumber. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  offered  a  communication  from  the  Com- 
mittee on  Judiciary,  and  moved  that  it  lie  on  the  table  for  further  con- 
sideration, and  after  some  discussion  withdrew  his  resolution  of  Saturday 
relative  to  the  addition  of  members  to  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs. 

Commissioner-at-Large  McDonald   offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  when  this  Commission  adjourns  to-day  the  members 
thereof  shall  visit  and  inspect  the  site  or  sites  upon  which  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  is  to  be  held. 

Resolved,  further,  That  the  Officers  and  Directors   of  the  Columbian 
Exposition  Association,  of  Chicago,  be  invited  to  accompany  the  Com 
missioners  in  this  inspection;   and,  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  be  instructed  to  engage  a  sufficient  num- 
ber of  carriages  for  this  purpose  and  have  them  at  the  Palmer  House 
within  one  hour  after  adjournment  to-day. 

Mr.  Ryan,  of  North  Dakota,  moved  to  amend  by  requesting  the  Chi- 
cago Directory  to  take  with  them  their  Consulting  Engineer.  At  the 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  133 

suggestion  of  Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  the  resolution  and  amendment  second  see- 
were  laid  on  the  table  temporarily,  with  the  consent  of  the  mover.  ;Dayenth 

Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  members  of  the  Committee  on  Legislation  be,  and 
hereby  are,  empowered  and  directed  to  sit  during  the  sessions  of  their 
respective  Legislatures  in  their  respective  States  and  Territories. 

Mr.  Lindsay,  of  Kentucky,  moved  that  the  resolution  be  referred  to 
the  Executive  Committee.  Mr.  Price,  of  Kansas,  moved,  and  it  was 
voted,  to  lay  the  resolution  on  the  table. 

Mr.  Sims,  of  Rhode  Island,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Elec- 
tricity, offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  referred  to  the  Com- 
mittee on  By-Laws: 

Resolved,  That  the  title  of  this  Committee  be  so  changed  as  to  read, 
Committee  on  Electricity,  Electrical  and  Pneumatical  Appliances. 

Mr.  Woodside,  of  Pennsylvania,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  Commission,  that  during  the 
recess  of  this  Commission,  or  until  the  Commission  meets  again  by  the 
call  of  the  President,  no  member  of  this  Commission  shall  be  elected  or 
appointed  to  any  salaried  position,  under  this  Commission  or  any  of  its 
Committees;  nor  shall  any  payment  be  made  to  any  Commissioner  from 
the  appropriation  for  the  expenses  of  this  Commission,  except  the  sala- 
ries now  authorized  by  Section  Fifteen  of  the  By-Laws,  and  the  per  diem 
and  traveling  expenses  provided  by  the  Act  of  Congress  constituting  this 
Commission. 

Mr.  Lindsay,  of  Kentucky,  offered  the  following  amendment,  with 
an  extract  from  the  report  of  the  minutes  of  the  last  meeting  of  the 
Executive  Committee: 

Provided,  That  it  is  further  resolved  that  the  action  of  the  Execu- 
tive Committee  in  the  selection  of  James  A.  McKenzie  as  its  Vice- 
Chairman,  and  in  fixing  his  salary  at  $8,000  per  annum,  be,  and  the  same 
is,  hereby  ratified  and  confirmed,  and  the  said  office  of  Vice-Chairman 
of  the  Executive  Committee  is  created,  with  the  salary  as  above  set  out. 

Extract  from  the  minutes  of  the  meeting  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee, September  20,  1890: 

"Mr.  Widener,  of  Pennsylvania,  moved  that  Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Ken- 
tucky, be  elected  10  the  office  of  Vice-Chairman  of  the  Executive  Commit- 
tee. Several  members  seconded  the  motion,  and  it  was  imanimouslv 
adopted. 

•'Mr.  Johnson,  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  moved  that  the  salary 
of  the  Vice-Chairman  be  fixed  at  §6,000  per  annum.  Mr.  Harris,  of 
Virginia,  moved  as  an  amendment  that  the  salary  be  fixed  at  $8.000  per 
annum. 

"  The  amendment  was  accepted,  and  the  motion  as  amended  was 
unanimously  adopted." 

*  lo   *         *         *         *         *         *         *         *         * 


134  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

second  Ses-          I  certify  that  the  above   is  a  correct   copy  of  an  extract  from    the 
seventh     minutes  of  the  Executive   Committee  of  the   National  Commission,  at  a 

Day. 

meeting  September  20,  1890. 

JOHN  T.  DICKINSON, 

Secretary^ 

After  protracted  debate,  Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  made  the  point 
of  order  that  the  resolution  and  amendment  were  in  conflict  with  Article 
Sixteen  of  the  By-Laws.  The  point  of  order  was  sustained  by  the 
President. 

Mr.  Thacher,  of  New  York,  moved  to  refer  Mr.  Woodside's  resolu- 
tion, with  Judge  Lindsay's  amendment,  to  the  Committee  on  Judiciary, 
directing  them  to  report  immediately,  which  was  carried. 

Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  introduced  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Judiciary: 

Resolved,  That  the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation  be 
authorized  to  sit  at  such  time  and  place,  when  the  Commission  i:,  not  in 
session,  as  it  may  deem  best  for  the  interest  of  the  Exposition,  and  that  it 
be  authorized  to  employ  such  clerical  force  as  may  be  needed  in  the  trans- 
action of  its  business. 

Mr.  McClelland,  of  Pennsylvania,  offered  the  following-  resolution, 
which  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Judiciary: 

Resolred,  That  the  Commissioners-at-Large  and  their  alternates  be 
added  to  the  Committee  on  Legislation. 

Mr.  Deere,  of  Illinois,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
referred  to  the  Committee  on  Judiciary: 

Resolved,  That  the  Committee  on  Classification  be  authorized  to  sit 
at  such  time  and  place,  when  the  Commission  is  not  in  session,  as  it  may 
deem  best  for  the  interest  of  the  Exposition,  and  that  it  be  authorized 
to  employ  such  clerical  force  as  may  be  needed  in  the  transaction  of  its 
business 

Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which 
was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Judiciary: 

Resolved,  That  a  Committee  on  Buildings  and  Grounds  be  appointed, 
consisting  of  eight  Commissioners. 

The  President  made  the  statement  that  after  the  conference  with  the 
Chicago  Directory  it  had  been  announced  that  they  would  shortly  be  able 
to  report  their  conclusions  regarding  the  use  of  Washington  Park,  and  it 
was  voted  to  take  a  recess  until  2.30  p.  M.,  to  await  the  report  of  that  Com- 
mittee. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  135 

The  Commission  was  ag'ain  called  to  order  at  2.-?o  p.  M.,  when  the  fol-  considera- 
tion of  the 

lowing  communication  from  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  was  read    t!nued?n" 
by  the  Secreiary: 

SECRETARY'S  OFFICE  OF  THE  WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN  EXPOSITION. 

CHICAGO,  September  22,  1890. 

Hon.   JOHN  T.   DICKINSON,    Secretary  World's    Columbian   Commission, 
Chicago: 

DEAR  SIR:  I  have  the  honor  to  transmit  herewith  certified  copy  of 
resolutions  passed  at  a  meeting  of  our  Board  of  Directors  just  adjourned, 
together  with  copy  of  resolutions  adopted  this  day  by  the  Board  of  South 
Park  Commissioners,  bearing  on  the  same  subject. 

Respectfully  yours, 

BENJ.  BUTTERWORTH, 

Secretary. 

STATE  OF  ILLINOIS,  County  of  Cook,         ) 

SOUTH  PARK  COMMISSIONERS,    f  ss> 

I,  H.  W.  Harmon,  Secretary  of  the  Commissioners  aforesaid,  and 
custodian  of  its  records  and  files,  do  certify  that  at  a  meeting  of  the  said 
Commissioners,  on  the  22d  day  of  September,  A.  D.  1890,  at  which  all 
the  Commissioners  were  present,  the  following,  among  other  proceedings, 
were  had,  viz.: 

The  South  Park  Commissioners  have  received  from  an  authorized 
committee  of  the  Columbian  Exposition  Directors  the  information  that 
the  National  Commission  has  expressed,  by  a  substantially  unanimous 
vote,  their  desire  that  these  Directors  shall  "  procure  and  present  to  this 
body  (the  National  Commission)  the  most  desirable  site  by  adopting  Wash- 
ington Park,  the  Midway  Plaisance,  and  that  part  of  Jackson  Park  lying 
south  of  the  north  line  of  the  Midway  Plaisance  extended  through  to 
the  lake/'  This  information  is  communicated  by  the  Committee  of  the 
Local  Directory,  with  a  request  that  the  Park  Commissioners  enable  them 
to  meet  the  suggestion  of  the  National  Commission. 

A  request  thus  made,  and  communication,  is  tantamount,  in  the  opinion 
of  the  Park  Commissioners,  to  a  notice  from  the  highest  National  author- 
ity that  the  site  indicated  is  the  best  that  Chicago  can  present  for  the 
purpose  of  the  Columbian  Exposition,  and  in  substance  is  a  reasonable 
demand  that  Chicago  shall  make  good  its  promise  to  the  National  Legis- 
lature to  provide  satisfactorily  for  the  location  of  the  Fair.  The  Park 
Commissioners  are  desirous  of  meeting  the  situation  fully  and  frankly. 
The  tender  of  Jackson  Park,  586  acres,  and  Midway  Plaisance,  60  acres, 
may  be  taken  as  in  part,  at  least,  evidence  of  this  desire. 

The  debate  proceedings,  the  passage  of  the  resolution  upon  which 
the  request  in  question  is  based,  indicate  misapprehension  of  certain 
facts. 


136  World? s   Columbian   Commission, 

1.  The    material    c?    sub-grades  of   both    Washington    and  Jacksor> 
Park  is  substantially  the  same  as  to  solidity.     There   is  no  underlying 
clay  in  either  park,  the  sub-material  in  both   being  sand.     Foundations 
may  be  laid,  therefore,  as  safely  and  economically  in  one  park  as  in  the 
other. 

2.  To  inclose  Washington  Park  would  be  materially  to  detract  from 
the  beauty  of  the  approaches  to  the  site  already  accepted,  which  has  its 
western    connection   with  Washington   Park   at  Sixtieth  Street,  through 
which  the  movement  of  carriages  may  be  continued  for  a  mile  to  Jackson 
Park.     The  Commissioners  have  considered  that  Washington  Park  and  the 
boulevards  are  in  fact,  though  not  in  formal   tender,  an  integral  part  of 
the  southern  site  as  offered,  and  as  such  will  be  maintained  in  1893  with 
more  than  ordinary  care,  at  the  expense,  not  of  the  Exposition,  but,  as 
usual,  of  the   Park   District.     Next  year  the  improvement  of  Michigan 
Avenue   Boulevard  will  be  carried  to  Fifty-fifth  Street  or  Garfield  Boule- 
vard, through  which  there  is  a  desirable  entrance  to  Washington  Park;  if 
maintained    open    and    unobstructed,   Washington    Park    receiving  their 
incessant  drive  from  the  boulevards,  not  repelling  it,  will  be  of  itself  a 
delightful    doorway  for  the  Exposition — the  pleasure  as   the  dignity  of 
which  would  be  lost  by  fencing  it  against  use  by  vehicles. 

3.  The   meadow  in   Washington   Park,   some    100   acres,    will   be   in 
demand  in  1893  for  successive  encampments  of  organized  bodies,  military 
and  other,  which  would  be  denied  this  desirable  camping  site — the  only 
place  eligible  in  close  contiguity  with   the   Fair — if    the  meadow    were 
covered  by  substantial   construction.     For   the  purpose  of  obtaining    a 
better  turn  for  such  use  of  the  meadow  the  Commissioners  have  under 
contemplation  a  plan  for  plowing,  tile-draining,  harrowing,  seeding,  and 
rolling  this  space  during  the  pleasant  season. 

4.  If,  after  considering  this  explanation,   the   National   Commission 
and  the   Chicago    Directory  shall  still   insist  that  the  honor  of   Chicago 
demands  and  the  space  needed  for  the  Exposition  requires  that  Wash- 
ington Park  be  more  closely  identified  with  the  Exposition,  and  that  to 
other  site  area  there  shall  be  added  the  area  of  this,  the  South  Park  Com- 
missioners, upon  the  receipt  of  notice  to  such  effect,  will  immediately 
cause  to  be  prepared,  and  will  pass  the  ordinances  necessary  to  comply 
with  the  request  now  under  consideration. 

In  testimony  whereof,  I  have  hereunto  set  my  hand   and  the  seal  of 
the  said  Commissioners,  this  22d  day  of  September,  A.  D.  1890. 
[CORPORATE  SEAL]  (Signed,)   H.  W.  HARMON, 

Secretary  of  the  South  Park  Commissioners. 

I  hereby  certify  that  the  paper  hereto  attached  is  a  correct  copy  of 
the  preamble  and  resolution  passed  by  the  Directory  of  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition,  held  this  day,  September  22,  1890;  and  I  further 
certify  that  there  is  attached  to  said  preamble  and  resolution  a  correct 


Mtnutts  of  the  Second  Session.  137 

copy  of  the  communication  received  by  the  said  Board  of  Directors  from  second  see- 
the Board  of  South  Park  Commissioners.  r>eayenth 

Witness  my  hand  and  the  seal  of  the  Corporation,  this  226.  Septem- 
.ber,  1890. 

[SEAL]  BENJ.   BUTTERWORTH, 

Secretary. 
RESOLUTION  OF  MR.  JEFFERY. 

SEPTEMBER  22,  1890. 

WHEREAS,  The  Commissioners  of  the  Columbian  Exposition  have 
requested  this  Board  to  obtain,  if  possible,  from  the  South  Park  Board  a 
tender  of  Washington  Park  for  Exposition  purposes;  and, 

WHEREAS,  This  Board  concurs  with  the  honorable  Commissioners  in 
the  belief  that  the  use  of  Washington  Park  is  essential  to  the  full  and 
complete  presentment  of  the  Exposition  in  a  manner  convenient  to  the 
public;  and, 

WHEREAS,  This  Board  has,  by  its  Committee  appointed  for  the 
purpose,  again  presented  to  the  South  Park  Commissioners  the  necessity 
for  a  tender  of  Washington  Park  in  addition  to  the  area  already  tendered 
by  them,  which  necessity  the  Commissioners  have  recognized  by  resolu- 
tions duly  adopted;  therefore, 

Resolved,  That,  in  the  opinion  of  this  Board,  the  honor  of  Chicago  and 
the  necessities  of  the  Exposition  alike  req. lire  the  adoption  of  Washington 
Park  as  an  important  part  of  the  site  for  the  Columbian  Exposition. 

Resolved,  That  a  copy  of  this  be  sent  to  the  South  Park  Board,  and  to 
the  Columbian  Exposition  Commissioners,  as  a  declaration  of  the  views 
of  this  Directory  upon  this  subject. 

Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  on  behalf  of  the  Conference  Committee, 
read  the  following  report,  and  moved  its  adoption: 

WHEREAS,  The  South  Park  Commissioners,  at  their  meeting  on  the  Report  of 

the    Select 

22cl  of  September,  1890,  after  having  fully  considered  the  applications  of   Committee 
the   Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian   Exposition,   made   to   them   in    onSite- 
pursuance  of  the  resolution  of  this  Commission,  adopted  on  the  2oth  day 
of  September,  after  having  recited  certain  facts  in  reference  to  the  use  of 
Washington  Park, 

Resolved,  That,  if  after  considering  their  explanation  the  National 
Commission  and  the  Chicago  Directory  shall  still  insist  that  the  honor  of 
Chicago  demands,  and  the  space  needed  for  the  Exposition  requires  that 
Washington  Park  be  more  closely  identified  with  the  Exposition,  and  that 
to  other  site  area  there  be  added  the  area  of  this,  the  South  Park  Com- 
missioners will,  on  notice  to  such  effect,  immediately  cause  to  be  prepared, 
.and  will  pass  the  ordinance  necessary  to  comply  with  the  request  now 
under  consideration. 

Now,  therefore,  in  pursuance  of  the  foregoing  invitation  to  further 
express  the  opinion  of  the  National  Commission  in  reference  to  this 
question,  it  is  hereby 


138  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

SeB°on-Ses"  Resolved,  Ey  the  National  Commission,  that   this  Commission  does 

Dayenth  st'^  insist  that  the  space  needed  for  the  Exposition  and  to  make  the 
same  adequate  and  satisfactory  to  this  Commission  requires  that  WTash- 
ington  Park  be  added  to  the  several  plats  of  ground  heretofore  tendered 
to  this  Commission  as  a  site  for  the  Exposition,  and  that  the  addition  of 
Washington  Park  may  be  made  by  the  Chicago  Directory  and  will  l,e 
accepted  by  this  Commission  with  the  understanding  that  only  so  much 
of  the  said  several  plats  as  may  be  required  for  Exposition  purposes  will 
be  used;  and  that  the  presentation  of  said  park  and  its  acceptance,  with 
the  acceptance  of  the  Midway  Plaisance,  shall  be  a  final  settlement  of  all 
questions  relating  to  the  site  for  said  Exposition. 

R8ipt°runani.          The  resolution  was  seconded  by  Mr.  M.  L.  McDonald,  of  California. 

mously 

adopted  After  protracted  debate  Mr.  Hay,  of  Wyoming,  moved  that  the  question 
be  decided  by  a  rising  vote,  which  was  adopted,  and,  on  putting  the  ques- 
tion, the  report  of  the  Conference  Committee  was  unanimously  adopted. 

Mr.  Strong,  of  Tennessee,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Rapprovi°ng  WHEREAS,   Many  false  impressions  having  gone   to   the   country  in 

oi'th^c'w-  regard  to  the  Local  Directory  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition;  and, 

toTy.Dl1  WHEREAS,  Since  our  return  to  this  city,  we  realize  that  said  Directory 

has  had  more  and  greater  difficulties  to  overcome  than  those  at  a  distance 

could  in  any  way  possibly  comprehend;  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That,  in  the  judgment  of  this  Commission,  the  Local 
Directors  are  doing  all  within  their  power  to  make  a  grand  success  of  the 
coming  Exposition,  and  that  the  huge  difficulties  at  the  starting-point 
having  now  been  removed,  the  country  may  from  this  time  forward 
expect  more  rapid  and  satisfactory  progress;  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That,  knowing  the  Chicago  Directory  to  be  composed  of 
leading  and  successful  business  men  of  the  city,  in  whom  we  have  great 
confidence,  we  do  not  believe  that  they,  or  the  people  of  Chicago,  will 
spare  either  pains,  time,  or  money  to  aid  and  cooperate  with  us  in  making 
the  Fair  a  success  of  which  the  Nation  will  be  proud;  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  when  we  return  to  our  homes  we  will  labor  to  correct 
the  wrong  impressions  that  the  country  may  have  received  in  regard  to 
the  work  of  the  Local  Directory,  and  that  each  and  every  one  of  us 
pledge  ourselves  to  faithful  aid  in  making  the  World's  Columbian  Expo- 
sition the  grandest  exhibit  ever  held  on  the  globe. 

The  resolution  was  seconded  by  Mr.  Mercer,  of  Wyoming,  and  was 
unanimously  adopted. 

Kth° rj?u?if-  ^r-  Massey,  from  the  Committee  on  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws, 

mittee.  offered  a  report  in  regard  to  the  resolution  presented  by  Mr.  Woodside 
and  referred  to  that  Committee,  for  which  the  Committee  proposed  the 
following  substitute; 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  139 

Touching  the  matter  referred  to  in  the  resolution  propounded  by  Mr.  on  offices 
Woodside,  we  beg  to  submit  that,  in  the  opinion  of  the  Committee,  it    ries- 
would  be  advisable  to  adopt  the  following  as  a  substitute  for  Mr.  Wood- 
side's  resolution,  which  fully  expresses  the  views  of  this  Committee,  viz.: 

Resolved,  That  it  is  not  within  the  power  of  any  of  the  Committees 
of  this  Commission  to  create  an  office,  or  fix  the  salary  thereof,  but  that 
such  power  can  only  be  exercised  by  the  Commission.  The  Executive 
Committee  may,  however,  select  such  employes  and  agents  as  may  be 
necessary,  define  their  duties  and  fix  their  compensation,  as  provided  by 
Article  "  Fifth"  of  the  By-Laws. 

After  considerable  debate  the  Committee's  substitute  was  adopted 
and  the  resolution  passed. 

Mr.  Massey,  on  behalf  of  the  same  Committee,  reported  an  additional  on  vice- 
chairman 

article  for  the  By-Laws,  which  after  some  debate  was  adopted,  as  follows:   ecuUveEx" 

Commit- 

The   Committee   on  By- Laws,  to  which  was  referred  the   resolution   tee- 
introduced  by  Commis'sioner-at-Large   Lindsay,  beg  leave   to   make   the 
following  report,  to- wit: 

In  view  of  the  express  recommendation  in  that  behalf  of  the  Exec- 
utive Committee,  the  following  amendment  is  proposed  to  the  By-Laws, 
to-wit: 

ARTICLE  SIXTEENTH. 

"There  shall  be  also  an  officer  of  the  Commission,  designated  ^  Vice- 
Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee,'  who  shall  perform  such  duties  as 
may  be  assigned  to  him  by  the  Commission  or  its  Executive  Committee, 
and  who  shall,  receive  an  annual  salary  of  eight  thousand  dollars,  which 
shall  commence  to  accrue  from  the  date  of  assuming  the  duties  of  his 
office." 

Make  present  Article  "Sixteenth"  the  "Seventeenth." 

Mr.    Massey,  from  the  same  Committee,  made  the  following  report  on  meetings 

and  expen- 

relative  to  the  resolutions  introduced  by  Mr.  Groner  and  Mr.  Deere,  and    {Jftt2eB?m~ 
the  report  of  the  Committee  was  adopted: 

In  the  matter  of  the  subjects  embodied  in  the  resolutions  propounded, 
respectively,  by  Commissioners  Groner  and  Deere,  the  Committee  on 
By-Laws  beg  leave  to  report  that  these  subjects  are  fully  covered  by  the 
resolution  now  pending  before  the  Commission,  which  has  been  considered 
and  favorably  reported  from,  this  Committee;  and  that  the  adoption  of  the 
last-named  resolution,  if  it  be  the  pleasure  of  the  Commission  to  adopt 
the  same,  will  accomplish,  as  to  all  the  standing  Committees,  what  the 
several  resolutions  contemplate  for  the  two  Committees  referred  to;  and 
that,  in  the  judgment  of  this  Committee,  the  powers  sought  to  be  con- 
ferred ought  to  be  delegated  to  all  the  standing  Committees,  or  be  with- 
held from  all. 

Mr.  Massey,  from  the  same  Committee,  made  the  following  report 
relative  to  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Sim's,  of  Rhode  Island,  and  the  report 
was  adopted: 


140  Worlds   Columbian   Commission. 

on  changing          The    Committee    on    By-Laws    report  the   following  amendment  to 
committee  Article  "Tenth"  of  the  By-Laws:  Make  the  title  of  the  "Committee  on 

on  Elec- 

tricity.      Electricity  and  Electrical  Appliances''1  to  read  as  follows:     "  Committee  on 
Electricity,  Electrical  and  Pneumatical  Appliances,"  and  recommend  its 
adoption. 
coi.  .  LA.  Mr.  Massey  yielded  the  floor   to   Mr.   Martindale,  of  Indiana,  who 

McKenzie 

vicCeted      moved  that  the  Commission  elect  Mr.   McKenzie,  of    Kentucky,  Vice- 
Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee.     The  nomination  was  seconded 
by  Mr.  Cochran,  of   Texas,  and  Mr.  McKenzie  was  unanimously  elected. 
Reports  of  Mr.  Massey  resumed  his  report  in  behalf  of  the  Committee  on   Tudi- 

the  Judi-  J  J 

mfttee°m~  ciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws,  and  reported  his  own  resolution,  introduced 

continued. 

Saturday,  with  an  amendment,  as  follows: 

Amend  the  resolution  by  adding  the  following  at  the  end  thereof,  viz.: 
Limiting  "  Nor   shall  this  resolution  be  construed  as  authorizing  anv  payment 

payments 

missioners  to  an^  Commissioner  other  than  the  traveling  expenses  and    per    diem 
allowance  for  subsistence  authorized  by  the  Act  of  Congress." 

Mr.  Thacher,  of  New  York,  offered  the  following  as  an  amendment 
to  the  resolution  as  amended  by  the  Committee: 

andExpen  But  no  standing  Committee,  except  the  Executive  Committee,  shall 

commit-    create  expenses  the  total  amount  of  which  shall  be  more  than  £2,000  until 

tees.  L 

on  or  after  June  30,  1891. 

After  considerable  debate,  Mr.   Massey  offered  another  amendment 
as  a  substitute  for  Mr.  Thacher's  amendment,  as  follows: 
Entire  mat-  Provided,  further,  That  the  aggregate  expenditure  prior  to  June  30, 


I>  under  this  resolution  shall  not  exceed  $50,000. 
mittee.om  After  further  debate,  Mr.  Martindale  moved  to  recommit  the  entire 

<  Not  again 

reported    matter  jo    ^e   Committee    on  Judiciary,  with  instructions  to  report  on 

second 

session.)    Tuesday,  after  the  morning  hour,  and  it  was  so  voted. 

(No  further  action  on  the  subject  of  expenses  of  committees  was 
taken  during  the  second  session.) 

The  Commission  then  adjourned. 


Second  Session— Eighth  Day,  Tuesday,  Sept.  23,  1890. 

The    Commissi< 
ggrhth     Palmer  in  the  chair. 


second  The    Commission   was   called   to   order   at    n    o'clock.      President 

Session— 


ROLL  CALL. 

Roii-caii.  COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE. — California,  M.  L.  McDonald;  Kentucky. 

W.  Lindsay;   Michigan,  T.  W.  Palmer;  Texas,  H.  Exall. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  141 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  STATES. — Alabama,  F.  G.  Bromberg;  Arkansas,  SeBc1°5lSes- 
L.  Gregg;  California,  M.  H.  de  Young;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J.  V.  Day!th 
Skiff;  Delaware,  G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H.  Porter;  Florida,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turn- 
bull;  Georgia,  L.  McLaws,  C.  H.  Way;  Idaho,  G.  A.  Manning;  Illinois, 
C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T.  Ewing;  Indiana,  T.  E.  Garvin,  E.  B.  Martindale; 
Iowa,  J.  Hayes,  alternate;  Kansas,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.;  Kentucky,  J.  A. 
McKenzie;  Louisiana,  D.  B.  Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate;  Maine, 
A.  R.  Rixby,  C.  S.  Edwards,  alternate;  Massachusetts,  F.  W.  Breed; 
Michigan,  M.  H.  Lane,  C.  H.  Richmond;  Minnesota,  M.  B.  Harrison; 
Mississippi,  J.  M.  Bynum,  R.  L.  Saunders;  Montana,  L.  H.  Hershfield,  A. 
H  Mitchell;  Nebraska,  Euclid  Martin,  A.  G.  Scott;  Nevada,  J.  W.  Haines, 
G.  Russell;  New  Jersey,  T.  Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher;  North 
Carolina,  T.  B.  Keogh;  North  Dakota,  H.  P.  Rucker,  M.  Ryan;  Ohio, 
W.  Ritchie,  L.  C.  Cron,  alternate;  Oregon,  M.  Wilkins,  J.  L.  Morrow, 
alternate;  Pennsylvania,  W.  McClelland,  J.  W.  Woodside;  Rhode  Island, 
L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina,  J.  R.  Cochran,  E.  L.  Roche, 
alternate;  South  Dakota,  M.  H.  Day;  Tennessee,  R.  Strong,  A.  B.  Hurt, 
alternates;  Texas,  A.  M.  Cochran,  J.  T.  Dickinson;  Vermont,  H.  H. 
Mclntyre;  Virginia,  J.  T.  Harris;  Washington,  W.  Bingham,  C.  B.  Bagley, 
alternates;  West  Virginia,  J.  D.  Butt,  J.  W.  St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,  P.  Allen, 
Jr.;  Wyoming,  H.  G.  Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate;  Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats; 
New  Mexico,  T.  C.  Gutierres,  R.  M.  White;  Oklahoma,  O.  Beeson,  J.  D. 
Miles;  Utah,  P.  H.  Lannan,  W.  M.  Ferry,  alternate. 

The  minutes  of  Monday's  session  were  approved  as  printed,  and  the 
reading  was  dispensed  with. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  a  recess  was  taken 
until  i  o'clock  p.  M. 


On  reassembling  at  i  o'clock,  the  Judiciary  Committee  having  a 
number  of  resolutions  under  consideration,  it  was  voted  to  take  a  further 
recess  until  1.35  p.  M. 

On  reassembling  at  1.35,  Mr.  Martin,  of  Nebraska,  offered  the 
following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  By-Laws  shall  be  so  changed  that  nine  members 
shall  constitute  a  quorum  of  the  Executive  Committee,  and  that  the  said 
Committee  shall  be  in  continuous  session  after  such  date  as  shall  be 
deemed  expedient  by  the  President  and  Vice-Chairman  of  this  Committee. 


142  World? s  Columbian   Commission. 

segcond_ses-          Resolved,  further,  That  this  resolution  be  referred  to  the  Judiciary 
Eighth      Committee  for  consideration,  and  report  to  the  National  Commission. 

Mr.  Holliday,  of  Kansas,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  Commission  that  any  further 
election  or  appointment  of  members  of  this  Commission  to  offices  with 
salaries  attached  be  hereby  expressly  prohibited,  except  by  unanimous 
consent  of  the  Commission. 

Both  of  the  foregoing  resolutions  were  referred  to  the  Judiciary 
Committee. 

Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  arose  to  a  question  of  privilege,  and  read 
an  erroneous  newspaper  statement  in  regard  to  certain  proceedings  of 
the  Commission  in  which  he  had  taken  part,  and  desired  to  have  spread 
upon  the  record  the  fact  that  he  requested  that  a  proper  correction  be 
made  and  that  care  be  taken  in  the  future  to  avoid  such  misrepresenta- 
tions. 

Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

WHEREAS,  The  Act  of  Congress  establishing  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Exposition  requires  that  this  Commission  shall  approve  of  the  build- 
ings to  be  erected  in  which  to  hold  such  Exposition,  and 

WHEREAS,  Such  approval  is  required  to  be  made  before  the  President, 
of  the  United  States  can  make  proclamation  to  the  world,  setting  forth 
to  the  world  the  time  at  which  the  Exposition  shall  open  and  close  and 
the  place  in  which  it  will  be  held;  therefore 

Resohed,  That  a  committee  of  five  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Presi- 
dent of  the  Columbian  Commission,  whose  duty  it  shall  be  to  consult 
with  the  Chicago  Directory,  with  the  President  and  Vice-President  of 
the  Executive  Committee,  and  with  the  Director-General  of  this  Com- 
mission, and  join  with  them  in  recommending  to  this  Commission  suitable 
buildings,  suitably  located,  in  which  to  hold  the  several  departments  of 
said  Exposition,  and  that  such  report  with  plans  of  buildings  made  by 
the  Chicago  Directory,  and  approved  by  said  Committee  and  the  Presi- 
'dent,  Vice-President,  and  Director-General,  shall  be  reported  to  this 
Commission  for  acceptance  on  the  i8th  day  of  November,  1890,  to  which 
date  this  Commission,  when  it  adjourns,  shall  adjourn. 

The  resolution  was  debated  at  some  length,  and  was  objected  to  by 
Mr.  Butt,  of  West  Virginia,  as  out  of  order,  in  that  it  infringed  upon 
the  powers  already  conferred  on  the  Executive  Committee. 

The  President  ruled  the  point  of  order  not  well  taken. 

Mr.  Goodell,  of  Colorado,  offered  the  following  resolution  as  a  sub- 
stitute for  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Martindale: 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  143 

Resolved,  That    when   the   Local    Directory  are  ready  to  submit  the  second  ses- 

plans  for  the  buildings  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  the  Chair-  fj'a|hth 
man  and  Vice-Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee  shall  select  a  sub- 
committee of  four  from  the  Executive  Committee,  to  be  known  as  a 
Committee  on  Buildings,  to  pass  upon, said  plans  and  report  at  the  next 
meeting  of  this  Commission,  and  that  when  this  Commission  adjourns, 
it  shall  adjourn  to  November  18,  1890. 

Mr.  Butt  again  raised  the  point  of  order  that  the  resolution  was  <n 
conflict  with  the  By-Laws  of  the  Commission,  but  the  President  ruled 
adversely. 

Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  called  attention  to  the  fact  that  he  had 
at  Monday's  session  introduced  a  resolution  similar  in  purport  to  that 
of  Mr.  Martindale,  providing  for  the  appointment  of  a  Committee  on 
Buildings  and  Grounds,  to  consist  of  eight  Commissioners,  which  was 
now  in  the  hands  of  the  Judiciary  Committee.  Mr.  White  suggested  that 
if  .Mr.  Martindale's  resolution  were  so  altered  as  to  make  the  number  of 
the  committee  eight,  he  would  cheerfully  support  it. 

Mr.  Martindale  accepted  the  amendment,  and  after  further  discus- 
sion the  presiding  officer  ruled  that  both  resolutions  should  be  referred  to 
the  Committee  on  By-Laws. 

The  following  communication  was  received  from  the  States'  Asso- 
ciation of  Chicago: 

STATES'   ASSOCIATION, 

CHICAGO,  September  23,  1890. 
Hon.  THOMAS  W.  PALMER,  President: 
Hon.  JOHN  T.  DICKINSON,  Secretary: 

GENTLEMEN:  The  States'  Association  is  in  receipt  of  the  resolution 
adopted  by  the  National  Commission,  extending  the  privileges  of  the 
floor  during  its  session  to  the  officers  of  the  States'  Association.  For 
this  expression  and  such  high  consideration  we  beg,  on  behalf  of  the 
States'  Association,  to  acknowledge  its  most  grateful  appreciation. 

L.   D.   THOMAN, 
HENRY  SHELDON,  Secretary.  President. 

Mr.    Massey,    from    the    Judiciarv   Committee,  made   the    following  Reports  of 

tlu'.Judlci- 

The  Judiciary  Committee,  having  considered  the  matters  embraced 


ary  Com- 
ttee. 


in   the    resolution  referred  to  it  touching  the  constitution  of  a  quorum     quorum  of 

.  theExecu- 

of   the   Executive  Committee    less  in  number  than    a    majority  thereof,     Jivfteeom" 
who  shall    have    and  exercise  the  powers  of  the   Executive    Committee, 
when  it  is  not  in  session,  beg  leave  to  submit  the  following  report,  viz.: 

That,  in  the  judgment  of  the  Committee,   it  is  essentially  necessary 
that   due   deliberation    should    be  afforded    in  considering  a    matter   so 


144  Worlds   Columbian   Commission. 

important,  and  an  incorrect  or  injudicious  solution  whereof  would  nec- 
Eighth  essarily  be  attended  with  the  most  serious  consequences,  in  the  way 
of  embarrassment  and  possible  legal  difficulties  and  complications;  and. 
that  as  additional  time  is  imperatively  needed  by  the  Committee  for 
further  investigation  and  consideration,  to  the  end  that  a  proper  and 
legal  scheme  may  be  devised  and  formulated  in  this  behalf,  your  Com- 
mittee would  respectfully  recommend  the  adoption  of  the  following 
resolution  as  expressive  of  its  unanimous  conclusion  of  the  proper  course 
to  be  pursued  in  the  premises,  to- wit: 
Eecom-  Resolved,  That  the  Judiciary  Committee  be,  and  it  is  hereby  author- 

mitted.  J  J 

ized,  empowered,  and  directed  to  further  consider  the  subject  covered  by 
the  references  aforesaid,  and,  after  conference  with  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury,  to  devise  a  legitimate  scheme  which  will  rightfully  accomplish 
the  desired  result,  if  it  can  be  lawfully  done,  and  make  a  full  report  to 
the  Commission,  at  its  next  meeting,  in  the  form  of  an  additional  By-Law. 

The  motion  for  the  adoption  of  the  report  was  seconded  by  Mr. 
Thacher,  of  New  York,  and  was  carried. 

Mr.  Massey,  from  the  same  Committee,  offered  the  following  report 
and  moved  its  adoption: 

That  "  Article  Ninth "  of  the  By-Laws,  regarding  the  Director- 
General,  be  amended  as  follows: 

Add  at  the  end  of  said  article  the  following  words: 
on  duties  of          "It  shall  also  be  his  duty  and  privilege  to  attend   the  meetings  of 

the  Direc- 
tor-Gen-    any  of  the  standing  Committees  for  the  purpose   ot   suggestion  and  con- 
ference, and  to  the  end  that  all  the  agencies  of    the   Commission   may 
be  rendered  more  efficient." 

The  motion  for  the  adoption  of  this  report  was  seconded  by  Mr. 
Mark  L.  McDonald,  of  California,  and  was  carried. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  from  the  Judiciary  Committee,  offered 
the  following  report  on  the  proposed  amendment  to  the  By-Laws  moved 
by  Mr.  McClelland,  of  Pennsylvania,  on  Monday: 

°tionoftthe  Amend  that  paragraph  of  "Article  Tenth  "  of  the  By-Laws  relating 
feeonL^g-to  t*ie  Committee  on  Legislation  by  adding  immediately  after  the  word 
isiation.  "  Territory,"  in  the  second  line  of  said  paragraph,  the  following  words, 

to-wit:  "and  also  the  Commissioners-at-Large  and  their  alternates." 
Adopted.  The  report  of  the  Committee  was  adopted. 

Mr.  Strong,  of  Tennessee,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolution  WHEREAS,  Being  National   Commissioners,  and   representing  as  we 

the  Expo-  do   a   Sabbath-keeping    Nation,  and  being  desirous  of  following   in   the 

sition  on 

Sunday,     channel  of  all  great  American  Expositions   which   have   brought   us  such 
glory  in  the  past,  therefore,  be  it 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  145 

Resolved,  That  we  are  opposed  to    opening,   or   keeping  open,  the  second  ses- 
World's  Columbian  Exposition  on  Sunday.  Daylth 

Mr.  Rucker,  of  South  Dakota,  moved  that  the  resolution  be  referred 
to  the  Committee  on  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws. 

Mr.  Holliday,  of  Kansas,  moved  to  amend  by  referring  the  resolution  Rff|ecutive 
to  the  Executive  Committee,  and  it  was  so  referred  by  unanimous  consent.    te°emm 

Mr.  Bromberg,  of  Alabama,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  President  of  the  Commission  be  and  is  hereby 
authorized  to  notify  the  President  of  the  United  States  that  provision 
has  been  made  for  grounds  and  buildings  for  the  uses  provided  for  in 
the  Act  of  Congress  constituting  the  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  objected  that  the  resolution  was  in  conflict 
with  the  By-Laws,  and  therefore  out  of  order. 

The  presiding  officer  ruled  that  the  point  of  order  was  not  well  taken. 

Mr.  Holliday  moved  that  the  resolution  be  laid  upon  the  table,  and 
it  was  so  voted. 

Mr.  de  Young,  of  California,  offered  the  following  resolution,  and 
asked  that  it  be  referred  to  the  Judiciary  Committee: 

Resolved,  That  an  amendment  be  made  to  the  By-Laws  changing 
Article  Thirteenth  as  follows: 

ARTICLE  THIRTEENTH. 
Special  Meetings. 

Special  meetings  shall  be  held  upon  the  call  of  the  President,  and 
such  call  therefor  may  be  made  on  his  own  motion,  and  shall  be  made 
at  the  written  request  of  the  Executive  Committee,  or  of  ten  of  the 
members  of  the  Commission,  and  reasonable  notice  and  the  time  and 
place  of  such  meeting  shall  be  given  to  each  Commissioner. 

Also  changing  Article  Sixth  as  follows: 

ARTICLE  SIXTH. 
Duties  of  the  President. 

The  President  shall  preside  over  all  the  meetings  of  the  Commis- 
sion, and  shall  appoint  all  committees,  unless  otherwise  directed  by  the 
Commission,  and  he  shall  have  all  the  powers  and  authority  incident  to 
the  office  of  President.  The  President  may,  and,  at  the  written  request 
of  a  majority  of  the  Executive  Committee  or  of  ten  of  the  members  of 
the  Commission,  shall,  call  a  meeting  of  the  Commission,  by  giving  each 
member  reasonable  notice  of  the  time  and  place  of  such  meeting. 

In  order  to  give  the  Judiciary  Committee  an  opportunity  to  act 
upon  these  various  resolutions,  the  Commission  took  a  recess  for  thirty 
minutes. 


146  World? s   Columbian   Commission. 

s-  On  reassembling  at  3.35,  Mr.  Massey,  from  the  Judiciary  Committee, 

Day!1'11      submitted  the  following  report: 

Eju(dichifr  'T\\Q  Judiciary  Committee,  to  whom  were  referred  resolutions  pro- 

Pee^con-  pounded  respectively  by  Commissioners  White  and  Martindale,  beg  leave 
to  report  that  the  intention  of  both  said  resolutions  will  be  better  sub- 
served by  the  following  amendment  to  the  By-Laws,  viz.: 

constitut-  ,          Add  at  the  end  of  Article  "Tenth,"   "  Committee   on  Grounds  and 

ing  the 

teeon"'"    Buildings,  consisting  of  six  Commissioners,  which  shall  have  charge  and 
undUBund  supervision   of   the  grounds  and  buildings  in  so  far  as  the  Commission 
may  lawfully  exercise  authority  over  the  same;  and  shall  also  examine 
and  report  to  the  Commission   as  to  the  provision  made  by  the  World's 
Columbian   Exposition  for  such  buildings." 

Adopted.  The  report  of  the  Committee  was  unanimously  adopted. 

Mr.  Massey,  from  the  Committee  on  Judiciary,  reported  adversely 
the  resolution  offered  by  Mr.  de  Young,  of  California,  and  the  report  of 
the  Committee  was  adopted. 

Mr.  Lindsay,  Commissioner-at-Large  from  Kentucky,  offered  the 
following  resolution: 

Resolution  Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  Commission  that  there  should  be 

confer-      full  and  free  conference   between  its  Standing  Committees  and  those  of 

once  bi- 

staendin»e  t^e  World's  Columbian  Exposition  acting  upon  cognate  subjects,  to  the 
end  that  the  Committees  of  each  body  may  be  the  better  enabled  to  keep 
within  the  scope  of  their  respective  powers  and  authority,  conflict  of 

the chu-a- action  avoided,  and  harmonv  and  mutual  confidence  the  more  certainly 

fro  Direct-  J 

secured. 

The  resolution  was  adopted. 

RtReiect         ^r>  Lindsay,  as  Chairman  of  the  Select  Conference  Committee  on  Site, 
ence  com- offered  the  following1  report,  which  was  adopted  bv  a  rising1  vote: 

mittee  on 

WHEREAS,  On  the  2d  day  of  July,  1890,  a  resolution  was  adopted  by 
Umousiy  the  Commission  formally  accepting  the  site  for  the  Fair  proposed  and 
tendered  by  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  and  by  the  same  resolu- 
tion a  committee  of  ten  Commissioners  was  authorized  to  consider  all 
questions  about  the  title  of  said  site,  and  facilities  of  transportation,  which 
Committee  has  made  a  report  satisfactory  to  the  Commission  in  this 
behalf;  and, 

WHEREAS,  Since  the  acceptance  of  the  site  aforesaid  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition,  by  an  official  communication  dated  September  n, 
1890,  and  presented  to  the  Commission  on  the  15 th  inst.,  has  proposed 
to  add  to  the  said  site  so  as  aforesaid  accepted  about  ninety  acres  of  the 
north  or  improved  portion  of  Jackson  Park,  and  also  the  area  known  as 
"  Midway  Plaisance,"  adjoining  said  park,  containing  about  seventy  acres, 
to  the  end  that  the  area  of  said  accepted  site  shall  be  so  enlarged  as  to 


Minutes  of  the   Second  Session.  147 

permit  the  Fair  to  be  principally  and  substantially  held  on  a  single  site,  second  ses- 
and  thus  avoid  any  substantial  dismemberment  thereof;  and,  Baghth 

WHEREAS,  This  Commission  has  requested  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition  to  make  a  special  effort  to  acquire  a  part  of  Washington  Park 
in  addition  to  Jackson  Park,  and  in  response  to  the  request  of  the  Com- 
mission, the  said  World's  Columbian  Exposition  has,  by  its  resolution 
dated  September  23,  1890:  "Resolved,  That  in  addition  to  the  area  already 
tendered  as  a  site  for  the  Columbian  Exposition,  to  wit,  Lake  Front  and 
Jackson  Park,  the  Directory  hereby  adopts  and  tenders  to  the  World's 
Columbian  Commission  for  its  acceptance  Washington  Park  and  the 
Midway  Plaisance; "  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  the  addition  of  the  Midway  Plaisance  and  Washington 
Park  be,  and  the  same  is,  hereby  accepted  as  an  addition  to  the  site 
heretofore  formally  accepted  as  aforesaid,  and  shall  be  treated  and  con- 
sidered as  an  addition  to  and  part  of  said  site,  with  the  like  effect  as  if 
the  same  had  been  originally  included  in  the  site  as  first  tendered;  and 
that  all  question  and  controversy  concerning  the  site  are  now  satis- 
factorily and  finally  settled  and  disposed  of,  the  said  site  embracing,  as 
now  accepted,  the  Lake  Front,  the  whole  of  Jackson  and  Washington 
Parks,  and  the  area  intervening  between  said  parks,  known  as  the  Mid- 
way Plaisance. 

Mr.  de  Young  desired  to  be  recorded  as  voting  against  a  dual 
site. 

Mr.  Dickinson,  of  Texas,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

WHEREAS,  Reports  have  reached  this  country,  through  the  medium  Resolutions 

J '  denouuc- 

of  correspondents  and  returning  American  tourists,  that  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  is  practically  discredited  by  American  newspapers, 
and  is  unworthy  of  the  serious  consideration  of  Europeans;  and, 

WHEREAS,  Such  reports  have  received  apparent  confirmation,  from 
the  tone  of  certain  foreign  newspapers  which  have  mistaken  the  expres- 
sions of  such  tourists  as  those  of  the  American  people;  and, 

WHEREAS,  The  basis  of  such  reports  is  evidently  an  erroneous  idea 
as  to  the  reasons  which  led  to  the  selection  of  Chicago  as  the  location  of 
the  Exposition;  and, 

WHEREAS,  Such  reports,  being  entirely  based  on  false  assumptions, 
can  not  but  be  harmful  to  the  purposes  of  the  Exposition;  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  in  the  opinion  of  this  Commission  the  Act  of  Congress 
selecting  Chicago  as  the  location  of  the  Exposition  was  wisely  and  ad- 
visedly taken;  and, 

Resolved,  That  this  Commission  hereby  signifies  its  unqualified  ap- 
proval of  the  selection  of  Chicago,  and  hereby  places  itself  on  record 
as  having  found  every  pledge  made  by  the  advocates  of  Chicago  before 
Congress  fully  and  absolutely  fulfilled;  that  the  site  offered  and  accepted 
is  such  as  no  International  Exposition  heretofore  held  could  boast  of,  and 


148  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

second  ses-  that  there  is  every  prospect  of  the  Exposition  being  of  such  a  character 
Eighth      Internationally  and  Nationally,  as  every  patriotic  American  could  desire;, 
and,  be  it  further 

Resolved,  That  the  officers  of  this  Commission  be,  and  are  hereby- 
authorized  to  take  such  steps  as  they  may  deem  advisable  to  counteract 
the  false  impressions  herein  referred  to,  and  that  a  copy  of  these  resolu- 
tions be  forwarded  to  the  principal  newspapers  of  London,  Paris,  Berlin, 
Vienna,  Madrid,  and  the  other  European  capitals,  and  all  other  foreign 
countries. 

Unanimous-          The  resolutions  were  unanimously  adopted. 

ly  adopted. 

Mr.  Breed,  of  Massachusetts,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolution  Resolved,  That,  the  site  for  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  having 

dencc   in  been  finally  selected  and  formally  accepted  and  settled  in  the  most  sat- 

the  success  J 

posiSonEx'  isfactory  manner  to  the  National  Commission,  as  well  as  to  the  Chicago 
Directory  and  to  the  people  of  the  whole  country;  and  that  the  officers 
and  committees  of  the  National  Commission  have  also  been  chosen  to 
the  satisfaction  of  all;  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  this  National  Commission  has  unbounded  confidence 
in  the  success  of  the  coming  International  Exposition,  and  urgently  appeal 
to  all  citizens  of  the  United  States,  individually  and  through  prompt 
action  of  the  State  Legislatures,  to  contribute  generously  and  actively  to 
that  success  which  shall  redound  to  the  glory  of  our  common  country. 

UiD'aado1(ted          ^e  res°lution  was  unanimously  adopted. 

Mr.  Ryan,  of  North  Dakota,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

TMayor1£id          Resolved,  That   the   thanks    of   this   Commission    are    due,  and    are 
cn"cago.of  hereby  tendered,  to  the  Mayor  and  City  Council  of  the  City  of  Chicago 
for  their  courtesy  in  furnishing  the  Council  Chamber  and  other  accom- 
modations free  for  its  use  during  this  session. 

The  resolution  was  unanimously  adopted. 

Mr.  McClelland,  of  Pennsylvania,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Bof0lthankB          Resolved,  That  the  World's  Columbian  Commissioners  hereby  desire 
of  t°hecersto  express  their  appreciation  of  the  able,  dignified,  and  impartial  manner 
sionmis     in  which  the  duties  of  presiding  officer  have  been   performed  by  Presi- 
dent Thomas  W.  Palmer  during  the  Second  Session  of  the  Commission, 
as  well  as  for  the  consideration  and  courtesy  at  all  times  shown  by  him  to 
all  Commissioners. 

Resolved,  That  we  also  desire  to  place  upon  record  our  recognition 
and  approval  of  the  intelligent  and  satisfactory  work  of  Secretary  John 
T.  Dickinson,  who  has  also  striven  in  every  possible  way  to  promote  the 
World's  Columbian  Exhibition. 

Mr.  Harris,  of  Virginia,  was  called  to  the  chair,  and  the  resolution 
was  unanimously  adopted  by  a  rising  vote. 


Minutes  of  the  Second  Session.  149 

Mr.  McKenzie  moved  that  the  thanks  of  the  Commission   be '  ex-  second  sc: 

sion— 

tended  to  Mr.  Potter  Palmer  for  his  hospitable  entertainment  of  the  Com-    |;lyhth 
mission  on  Saturday  evening. 

The  resolution  was  adopted  by  acclamation. 

Mr.  Thacher,  of  New  York,  moved,  and  it  was  voted,  that  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Commission  be  instructed  to  compensate  the  Sergeant-at- 
Arms,  door-keepers,  and  detailed  officers  for  their  services  in  the  Council 
Chamber  during  the  session  of  the  Commission. 

The  Commission  then,  at  4.08  p.  M.,  adjourned  sine  die 
11 


OFFICIAL   MINUTES 


OF    THE 


World's   Columbian   Commission. 


Third  Session— First  Day,  Tuesday,  November  18,  1890. 

The  Commission  met  at  12  o'clock  noon,  November  18,  in  Third  ses- 
sion—First 

the  Council  Chamber,  City  Hall,  Chicago,  pursuant  to  the  call   Day" 
of   the    President,    of   which   each    Commissioner   was    notified 
October  22,  1890: 

At  the  invitation  of  the  President,  the  Rev.  F.  W.  Gunsaulus, 
of  Chicago,  offered  prayer. 

The  roll  was  called,  and  the  following  Commissioners  and 
Alternates  were  present: 

COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE.— California,    M.   L.   McDonald  ;  Roii-caii. 
Massachusetts,  A.  G.  Bullock;  Michigan,  T.  W.  Palmer;  Nebraska, 
R.  W.  Furnas,  alternate;  New  York,  G.  W.  Allen. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA.  —  A.  T. 
Britton,  D.  Clagett,  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  STATES. — Alabama,  G.  L.  Werth,  alter- 
nate; Arkansas,  J.  D.  Adams,  T.  H.  Leslie,  alternate;  Cali- 
fornia, M.  H.  cle  Young,  W.  Forsyth;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell, 
F.  J.  V.  Skiff;  Connecticut,  T.  M.  Waller;  Delaware,  G.  V.  Massey, 
W.  H.  Porter;  Florida,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turnbull;  Georgia,  L.  McLaws, 
C.  H.  Way;  Idaho,  J.  E.  Stearns;  Illinois,  C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T. 
Ewing;  Indiana,  T.  E.  Garvin,  E.  B.  Martindale;  Iowa,  W.  F. 

151 


162  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

King,  J.  Eiboeck,  alternate;  Kansas,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  R.  R. 
°*7'  Price;  Kentucky,  J.  Bennett,  J.  A.  McKenzie;  Louisiana,  D.  B. 
Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate;  Maine,  A.  R.  Bixby;  Mary- 
land, J.  Hodges,  L.  Lowndes;  Massachusetts,  F.  W.  Breed  ; 
Michigan,  M.  H.  Lane;  Minnesota,  M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V.  Tous- 
ley;  Mississippi,  J.  M.  Bynum,  R.  L.  Saunders;  Missouri,  T.  B. 
Bullene;  Montana,  A.  H.  Mitchell;  Nebraska,  Euclid  Martin, 
A.  G.  Scott;  Nevada,  J.  W.  Haines,  G.  Russell;  New  Hamp- 
shire, W.  Aiken,  F.  E.  Kaley,  alternate;  New  Jersey,  W.  J. 
Sewell,  T.  Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H.  Breslin, 
alternate;  North  Carolina,  T.  B.  Keogh;  North  Dakota,  H.  P. 
Rucker,  M.  Ryan;  Ohio,  H.  P.  Platt,  W.  Ritchie;  Oregon,  M. 
Wilkins;  Pennsylvania,  W.  McClelland,  J.  W.  Woodside;  Rhode 
Island,  L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina,  E.  L.  Roche, 
alternate;  South  Dakota,  L.  S.  Bullard,  alternate;  Tennessee, 
T.  L.  Williams,  R.  Strong,  alternate;  Texas,  J.  T.  Dickinson; 
Vermont,  H.  H.  Mclntyre,  H.  Atkins,  alternate;  Virginia,  V.  D. 
Groner,  J.  T.  Harris;  Washington,  H.  Drum,  C.  B.  Hopkins; 
West  Virginia,  J.  D.  Butt,  J.  W.  St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,  P. 
Allen,  Jr.,  J.  L.  Mitchell;  Wyoming,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  TERRITORIES.  —  Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats; 
New  Mexico,  R.  M.  White,  L.  C.  Tetard,  alternate;  Oklahoma, 
O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah,  F.  J.  Kiesel,  P.  H.  Lannan. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  it  was  voted 
that  the  name  of  any  member  who  was  absent  at  the  calling 
of  the  roll  may  be  recorded  at  any  time  during  the  day  by 
application  to  the  Secretary. 

On  announcing  that  the  Commission  was  ready  for  business, 


the  President  made  the  following  remarks: 

PRESIDENT'S  ADDRESS. 

Gentlemen  of  the  Commission: 

In  accordance  with  the  provision  in  Article  Six  of  the  By- 
Laws  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  I  have  called  you 
together  for  the  purpose  of  considering  the  progress  and  needs 
of  the  Exposition,  and  to  afford  opportunity,  at  the  earliest  day 
possible,  to  formulate  the  notification  described  in  Section  10  of 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  153 

the   Act   of    Congress   creating   this   Commission,   which   shall 
enable  the  President  of  the  United  States  to  make  and  publish   Dfty 
that  proclamation  which  must  precede  any  action  of  participa- 
tion on  the  part  of  Foreign  Governments. 

When  the  call  was  issued  for  November  i8th,  it  seemed  cer- 
tain that  all  subjects  and  conditions  essential  to  be  passed  upon 
by  you  would  be  fully  prepared  for  your  consideration  before 
that  date,  and  I  trust  you  may  be  subjected  to  no  delay  in  their 
presentation 

Under  the  terms  of  the  Act,  as  I  understand  them,  you 
should  be  able  to  inform  the  President: 

ist.    That  a  site  has  been  selected  for  the  Exposition. 
2d.     That  building  plans  have  received  your  approval. 

3d.  That  both  site  and  buildings  are  "deemed,"  by  you, 
" adequate  to  the  purposes  of  said  Exposition"  and  full  provis- 
ion has  been  made  for  their  use  and  construction. 

Preliminary  to  this  action  you  should  be  satisfied  that  the 
moneys  prescribed  to  be  provided  by  "The  World's  Exposition 
of  1892  "  are  so  provided  in  exact  compliance  with  the  require- 
ments of  the  Act  of  Congress. 

You  will  also  be  expected  to  adopt  a  scheme  of  classifica- 
tion and  the  regulations  referred  to  in  Section  10  of  the  Act,  for 
publication  by  the  President  in  supplement  to  his  proclamation. 

I  am  informed  that  reports  from  the  Classification  and 
Executive  Committees,  containing  proposed  systems  of  classifi- 
cation and  of  regulations,  already  await  your  consideration,  and 
it  is  probable  that  the  committees  and  organizations  now  in 
charge  of  the  other  essential  matters  will  present  their  final  re- 
ports before  you  have  completed  such  consideration. 

Other  features  of  administration,  plan,  and  scope,  more  or 
less  vital  to  the  successful  conduct  of  the  Exposition,  will  also 
be  presented,  and  I  bespeak  for  them  the  candid,  judicial,  and 
patriotic  treatment  which  may  be  confidently  expected  of  this 
body. 

President  Palmer,  as  Chairman  of  the  Executive  Commit- Report  of 

the  Execo- 

tee,  submitted  the   following  report,  which  was  ordered  to  be   SlfteS0*1" 
printed   in   the   minutes   and    lie    upon    the    table   for    future 
consideration: 


154  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third  Ses-  REPORT    OF    THE    EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE. 

•Ion— First 

CHICAGO,  November  17,  1890. 
To  the  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

GENTLEMEN  :  In  compliance  with  Article  Five  of  the  By- 
Laws  of  the  Commission,  requiring  the  Executive  Committee  to 
"  report  fully  all  their  transactions  to  the  Commission  at  its 
stated  and  special  sessions,"  I  have  the  honor  to  submit  herewith 
the  following  report,  covering  such  transactions  of  the  Commit- 
tee, as  are  deemed  of  sufficient  importance  to  be  submitted  to 
the  Commission. 

Since  the  adjournment  of  the  Commission  at  its  last  session, 
to-wit,  September  23,  1890,  the  Executive  Committee  has  held 
meetings  on  the  following  dates,  viz.:  September  24,  October  18, 
20,  21,  and  November  14,  15,  and  17. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Committee  on  September  24th,  a  com- 
mittee of  four,  with  the  addition  of  the  Chairman  and  Vice-Chair- 
man, was  appointed  to  pass  upon  the  compensation  to  be  given 
officers,  agents,  clerks,  stenographers,  and  typewriters  that  the 
Secretary  had  to  employ  since  the  Commission  was  organized. 

The  matters  covered  by  this  subject  will  be  found  in  full  in 
the  Secretary's  report. 

At  this  same  meeting  the  Director-General  was  authorized, 
in  the  name  of  the  National  Commission,  to  respectfully  request 
the  President  of  the  United  States  and  the  Secretaries  of  the  vari- 
ous departments  to  detail  officers  to  assist  the  Director-General 
and  the  Commission  in  any  department  of  the  Exposition. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Committee  on  October  i8th,  a  com- 
munication was  read  from  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  approv- 
ing Articles  Fifteen  and  Sixteen  of  the  By-Laws  of  the  Commis- 
sion, fixing  the  salaries  of  the  officers  of  the  Commission  hereto- 
fore elected.  A  copy  of  said  communication  appears  on  page  14 
of  the  Minutes  of  this  Committee. 

At  this  same  meeting  Secretary  Dickinson  reported  that  he 
had  received  information  that  the  following  committees  had  de- 
cided to  call  meetings  as  follows:  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs, 
in  New  York,  October  22d  ;  Committee  on  Fine  Arts,  in  New 
York,  October  23d,  and  the  Committee  on  Mines  and  Mining, 
in  this  city,  November  27,  1890. 

After  due  consideration  of  the  matter,  the  following  resolu- 
tion was  adopted  by  the  Committee: 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session. 

"Resolved,  That  the  President  be,  and  is,  hereby  directed 
notify  the  chairman  of  each  committee  of  this  Commission  that, 
in  view  of  the  restricted  finances  of  this  Commission,  it  is  unwise 
that  any  meeting  of  any  of  the  committees  be  called,  or  any  act 
be  done,  incurring  expense,  until  the  meeting  of  the  National 
Commission  on  November  i8th  next,  unless  authorized  by  the 
President." 

Secretary  Dickinson  also  reported  that  he  had  received 
letters  from  the  chairmen  of  the  various  committees  in  reference 
to  the  employment  of  clerks  and  stenographers  and  the  furnish- 
ing of  stationery  for  the  use  of  the  committees.  The  Executive 
Committee  decided  that  action  upon  these  communications 
should  be  deferred  until  after  the  next  meeting  of  the  National 
Commission. 

A  resolution  was  adopted  providing  for  a  committee  of  four, 
together  with  the  Director-General,  to  confer  with  the  Committee 
from  the  Local  Directory,  and  to  recommend  to  the  Committee 
such  methods  or  agencies  as  may  be  advisable  for  conducting  the 
Exposition,  and  that  the  President  and  Vice-Chairman  shall  be 
two  of  the  members  of  said  Committee,  and  that  the  Secretary 
of  the  Commission  shall  be  Secretary  of  the  Committee,  to  pre- 
serve a  record  of  their  action. 

This  Committee  at  a  subsequent  meeting  made  the  following 
report,  which  was  read  and  approved  by  the  Executive  Commit- 
tee, and  ordered  referred  to  the  Commission  with  recommendation 
that  it  be  adopted: 

Report  of  the  conference  between  the  Sub-Committee  of 
the  Executive  Committee  of  the  National  Commission,  corr 
posed  of  President  Palmer,  Vice-Chairman  McKenzie,  Director- 
General  Davis,  Commissioners  Martindale  and  Martin,  and 
Secretary  Dickinson,  and  the  Committee  of  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Exposition  Directory,  composed  of  President  Gage,  Vice- 
President  Bryan,  and  Secretary  Butterworth: 

All  these  gentlemen  were  present  in  the  Director-General's 
office  at  4  o'clock  p.  M.,  October  20,  1890,  in  pursuance  of  the 
following  resolution,  adopted  by  the  Executive  Committee  of  the 
National  Commission,  October  18,  1890,  a  copy  of  which  had 
previously  been  transmitted  to  the  officers  of  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Exposition  Directory: 

Resolved,  That  a  committee  of  four,  together  with  the 
Director-General,  be  selected  to  confer  with  a  committee  from 


156  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third  ses-  the  Local  Directory,  and  to  recommend  to  the  Commission  such 
D&y-  methods  or  agencies  as  may  be  advisable  for  conducting  this 
Exposition,  and  that  the  President  and  Vice-Chairman  shall  be 
two  of  the  members  of  said  committee,  and  that  the  Secretary 
of  the  Commission  shall  be  Secretary  of  the  committee,  to  pre- 
serve a  record  of  their  action. 

In  accordance  with  the  foregoing  resolution,  this  Conference 
Committee  proceeded  to  the  business  before  them,  to-wit:  The 
consideration  of  the  formation  of  such  bureaus  as  were  deemed 
advisable  for  the  successful  conduct  of  the  Exposition,  subject  to 
the  approval  of  the  Commission  and  of  the  Local  Directory. 

At  the  request  of  the  Committee,  Director-General  Davis 
submitted  a  report  setting  forth  his  views  as  to  what  bureaus 
should  be  established.  President  Gage  also  read  from  a  report 
before  him  the  names  of  various  bureaus  that  were  deemed 
necessary  to  be  formed. 

After  fully  considering  this  question,  the  Committee  finally 
decided  that  the  following  bureaus  would  ultimately  be  needed 
to  successfully  prepare  for  and  operate  the  Exposition,  and  that 
they  should  be  put  in  operation  as  the  work  progressed,  and 
that  there  was  an  imperative  demand  for  their  creation: 

Bureau  of  Installation,  which  will  also  include  Manufactures. 

Bureau  of  Agriculture,  with  Departments  of  Live  Stock  and 
Horticulture. 

Bureau  of  Mines  and  Mining. 

Bureau  of  Machinery  and  Electricity. 

Bureau  of  Education,  covering  Engineering,  Public  Works, 
Architecture,  Ethnology,  Archaeology,  Progress  of  Labor  and 
Invention. 

Bureau  of  Fine  Arts,  including  Decorative  Art. 

Bureau  of  Railway  Exhibits  and  other  Means  of  Transit. 

Bureau  of  Admissions. 

Bureau  of  Protection  and  Public  Comfort,  covering  Police 
and  Fire  Department,  Invitation  to  Visitors,  Guides,  Interpret- 
ers, etc. 

Bureau  of  Publicity  and  Promotion. 

Bureau  of  Transportation. 

On  motion  of  Commissioner  Martindale,  it  was  decided  that 
the  Director-General  should  appoint  all  these  bureau  officers, 
subject  to  the  confirmation  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the 
National  Commission,  and  also  of  the  Executive  Committee  of 
the  Local  Directory. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  157 

It  was  also  decided  by  the  Committee  that  this  report  should  ^ 
be  submitted  to  the  Executive  Committee  of  both  organizations,   Day- 
to  be  submitted  by  the  said  Committees  to  the  National  Com- 
mission and  to  the  Local  Directory  for  approval  before  the  said 
bureaus  are  created. 

The  Secretaries  of  the  two  Committees  were  directed  to  pre- 
pare the  report  of  the  action  of  this  Conference  Committee  and 
transmit  same  to  their  respective  Executive  Committees  for  con- 
sideration and  action  thereon. 

The  Conference  Committee  then  adjourned. 

JNO.  T.  DICKINSON, 
Secretary  National  Commission. 

BENJ.  BUTTERWORTH, 
Secretary  World's  Columbian  Exposition  Association. 

The  foregoing  report  was  only  partial,  and  the  Conference 
Committee,  on  the  part  of  the  Executive  Committee,  stated  that 
they  would  make  further  report  at  a  subsequent  meeting. 

At  this  same  meeting  of  the  Committee  a  letter  was  read  from 
Mrs.  Isabella  Beecher  Hooker,  a  member  of  the  Board  of  Lady 
Managers,  dated  Hartford,  Conn.,  October  9,  1890,  recommending 
that  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  be  called  to  meet  November  1 8th, 
and  hold  a  preliminary  session  with  the  World's  Columbian  Com- 
mission, in  order  to  become  accustomed  to  the  methods  of  the 
Commission  in  transacting  its  business;  that,  as  soon  as  this 
preliminary  session  was  over,  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers 
should  be  called  together  by  the  President  of  the  Commission, 
and  under  his  guidance  proceed  to  effect  an  organization  of  their 
own  body.  Mrs.  Hooker  also  recommended  that  the  Board  of 
Lady  Managers  should  at  once  appoint  concurrent  committees, 
corresponding  to  those  of  the  Commission,  and  later,  sub-com- 
mittees, whose  members  should  be  invited  to  sit  with  the  com- 
mittees of  the  Commission  at  every  session,  and  suggested  that 
the  members  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  from  each  State 
should,  at  joint  sessions  of  the  Commission  and  the  Board, 
occupy  seats  adjoining,  with  extra  seats  reserved  for  friends,  to 
be  invited  from  time  to  time,  as  deemed  advisable. 

A  report  was  also  presented  from  Charlotte  Smith,  Presi- 
dent of  the  Women's  National  Industrial  League  of  the 
United  States  of  America,  detailing  the  work  done  by  that  body 
in  behalf  of  the  interests  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  and 
stating  that  over  40,000  copies  of  a  circular  addressed  to  women 


158  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third  &es-  interested  in  the  organization  of  women's  work  throughout  the 
Day.  world  had  been  distributed  in  America  and  Europe;  that  corre- 
spondence had  been  held  with  prominent  men  and  women  in 
America  and  Europe  requesting  cooperation  in  the  work;  that 
a  bill  had  been  introduced  in  the  House  of  Representatives  pro- 
viding for  a  Woman's  International  Labor  Congress  to  be  held 
during  the  Exposition,  and  had  been  referred  to  the  Select  Com- 
mittee having  charge  of  that  subject,  and  a  favorable  report 
promised. 

The  above  letter  and  report  were  referred  to  a  special  com- 
mittee of  the  Executive  Committee,  which  has  not  yet  reported. 

A  communication  was  read  from  Edward  de  Groff,  appointed 
by  Gov.  Lyman  E.  Knapp,  of  Alaska  Territory,  a  World's  Fair 
Commissioner,  in  which  he  stated  the  circumstances  connected 
with  his  appointment  and  his  journey  to  Chicago  in  consequence 
of  that  appointment  before  he  had  learned  that  the  State  Depart- 
ment had  made  a  mistake  in  sending  notice  to  the  Governor  of 
Alaska  to  appoint  World's  Fair  Commissioners.  In  connection 
with  this  letter  the  Secretary  also  submitted  a  copy  of  a  letter 
addressed  by  him  on  September  5th  to  the  Chief  Clerk  of  the 
State  Department  with  reference  to  the  appointment  of  Mr. 
de  Groff  and  his  colleague,  and  the  answer  of  the  Department, 
dated  September  8th,  in  which  it  was  stated  that  notice  had  been 
sent  to  the  Governor  of  Alaska  through  inadvertence,  and  that 
the  opinion  of  the  Department  was  that  the  Territory  not  being 
organized,  was  not  entitled  to  representation  on  the  Commission. 

In  reference  to  the  foregoing,  the  Committee,  at  a  subsequent 
meeting,  adopted  the  following  preamble  and  resolution: 

WHEREAS,  The  District  of  Alaska,  not  being  clothed  by 
Congress  with  a  Territorial  form  of  government,  is  not,  under 
the  law  providing  for  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  entitled 
to  representation  in  the  World's  Columbian  Commission;  and 

WHEREAS,  The  Department  of  State,  under  a  misapprehen- 
sion of  law,  did  invite  the  Governor  of  Alaska  to  recommend 
two  Commissioners  and  two  alternate  Commissioners,  to  be 
appointed  by  the  President;  and 

WHEREAS.  The  said  Governor  of  Alaska  did  nominate  to 
the  President,  to  be  appointed  as  such  Commissioners,  Edward 
de  Groff  and  L.  L.  Williams,  and  did  nominate  to  the  President, 
to  be  appointed  as  alternates,  Carl  Sprehn  and  N.  A.  Fuller; 
and 


Minutes  of  the    Third  Session.  159 

WHEREAS,  It  is  in  the  opinion  of  this  Executive  Committee  Third  ses- 
sion—First 

important  that  said  District  of  Alaska  be  represented  in  said   Day- 
Commission  and  make  display  in  said  Exposition;  therefore 

Resolved,  That  we  petition  Congress  to  so  amend  the  law 
that  Alaska  may  be  represented  in  said  World's  Columbian  Com- 
mission, and  that  the  Commissioners  and  alternate  Commis- 
sioners nominated  by  the  Governor  of  Alaska  may  be  commis- 
sioned by  the  President,  and  that  until  such  action  is  taken  by 
Congress  the  said  Commissioners  are  invited  to  the  privileges  of 
the  floor  of  the  Commission. 

At  the  meeting  of  the  Committee  on  October  i8th,  Sec- 
retary Dickinson  stated  to  the  Committee  that  some  time 
ago,  at  the  request  of  President  Palmer,  he  addressed  a  com- 
munication to  the  Chairmen  of  the  various  committees  of 
the  National  Commission,  stating  that,  as  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee would  meet  in  Chicago  on  October  i8th,  to  be  in  session 
probably  several  days,  they  were  requested  to  forward  to  the 
President,  to  be  submitted  to  the  Executive  Committee,  any 
plan,  ideas,  or  suggestions  that  their  committees  may  have  con- 
sidered during  the  recent  session  of  the  Commission,  or  that  the 
Chairmen  may  have  outlined  as  work  for  their  committees,  to- 
gether with  an  approximate  estimate  of  the  expense,  if  any,  that 
may  have  to  be  incurred  in  the  execution  of  said  plan,  ideas,  or 
suggestions. 

Answers  to  these  letters  will  be  found  on  pages  30  to  38, 
inclusive,  of  the  minutes  of  the  Executive  Committee. 

Reports  were  received  and  read  from  the  Select  Committees 
of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission  and  of  the  Local  Board, 
with  reference  to  the  special  mining  exhibit  proposed  by  Mr.  Ed. 
F.  Browne.  The  Committee  of  the  Commission  recommended 
that  the  said  exhibit  be  made  one  of  the  adjuncts  of  the  World's 
Fair,  the  details  of  its  regulation  and  control  to  be  referred  to 
the  Executive  Committee  and  the  Local  Directory.  The  report 
of  the  special  committee  of  the  Local  Board  contains  a  state- 
ment of  the  cost  of  the  work  and  some  specifications,  but  makes 
no  recommendation  as  to  the  approval  of  the  plan. 

These  reports  were  referred  to  the  Director-General  for  con- 
sideration, and  a  report  thereon  will  be  found  in  the  report  of  the 
Director-General  submitted  at  this  meeting. 

A  communication  from  Mr.  E.  F.  Cragin,  of  Chicago,  was 
considered,  asking  that  the  North  American  Guarantee  &  Com- 
mission Company  be  endorsed  by  the  Executive  Committee  as 


160  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third jtes-    an  agent  to  represent  the  Commission  and  its  exhibitors  in  the 
Day-         transportation  and  insurance  of  goods  forwarded  for  exhibition. 

In  reference  to  this  the  Committee  adopted  the  following 
resolution  : 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  the  Executive  Committee 
that  no  such  endorsement  should  be  given,  and  that  no  such 
power  should  be  delegated  to  any  person  or  persons,  but  that  the 
Commission  should  retain  control  of  all  such  intercourse. 

The  Committee  adopted  the  following  resolution  in  refer- 
ence to  awards  : 

Resolved,  That  a  committee  of  four  be  appointed  to  confer 
with  a  like  committee  from  the  Exposition  Directory  to  recom- 
mend to  this  Committee  and  to  the  Exposition  Directory  whether 
awards  shall  be  granted,  and  what  character  of  awards  shall  be 
made,  if  any. 
By-Laws  of  At  their  meeting  on  October  20,  the  Committee  adopted  the 

the  Execu- 

mltete?oir~~  following  By-Laws  for  their  government  : 

ARTICLE  I. 

Officers. 

The  officers  of  this  Committee  shall  consist  of  a  Chairman, 
Vice-Chairman,  and  Secretary,  and  such  other  officers  as  shall, 
from  time  to  time,  be  provided  for  by  the  Committee. 

ARTICLE  II. 
Duties  of  Officers. 

The  Chairman  shall  preside  over  all  the  meetings  of  the 
Committee,  and  shall  appoint  all  committees,  unless  other- 
wise directed,  and,  generally,  perform  such  duties  as  devolve 
upon  the  presiding  officers  of  deliberative  bodies.  In  the 
absence  of  the  Chairman,  the  Vice-Chairman  shall  perform 
the  duties  of  the  Chairman,  and  in  the  absence  of  both 
Chairman  and  Vice-Chairman,  the  Committee  may  be  called 
to  order  by  the  Secretary,  and  appoint  a  Chairman  pro  tern. 
The  Secretary  shall  attend  all  meetings  of  the  Committee, 
and  shall  keep,  in  a  book  prepared  for  that  purpose,  a  true  and 
fair  record  of  all  such  meetings,  and  shall  have  charge  of  all 
books,  documents,  and  papers  which  properly  belong  to  his 
office. 

ARTICLE  III. 
Meeiings  of  the  Committee. 

Meetings  shall  be  held  upon  the  call  of  the  Chairman,  and 
such  call  therefor  may  be  made  on  his  motion,  and  shall  be  made 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  161 

at  the  written  request  of  eight  members  of  the  Committee,  and  Third  ses- 
reasonable  notice  of  the  time  and  place  of  each  meeting  shall  be   D&y- 
given  to  each  member  of  the  Committee.     In  the  absence  of  the 
Chairman,  the  Vice-Chairman  shall  have  power  to  convene  the 
Committee. 

ARTICLE  IV. 

Quorum. 

Not  less  than  fourteen  members  shall  constitute  a  quorum 
for  the  transaction  of  business,  but  a  less  number  may  adjourn, 
from  time  to  time,  pending  the  arrival  of  a  quorum,  when  the 
Committee  has  been  properly  summoned. 

ARTICLE  V. 

Order  of  Business. 
ist.    Roll-call. 

2d.    Reading,  correction,  and  approval  of  minutes. 
3d.    Consideration  of  communications  before  the  Committee. 
4th.  Reports  of  officers  of  the  Committee. 
5th.  Reports  of  sub-committees,  in  order. 
6th.  Reports  of  standing  committees. 
7th.  Unfinished  business. 
8th.  Motions,  resolutions,  and  new  business. 
All  reports  shall   be  made  in  writing,  and   all  motions  and 
resolutions,  if  the  Chairman  so  direct,  shall  also  be  in  writing. 

ARTICLE  VI. 
Amendments. 

These  By-Laws  may  be  altered,  amended,  or  suspended  by 
the  recorded  consent  of  not  less  than  fourteen  members  of  the 
Committee,  at  any  meeting  of  the  Committee. 

DIRECTOR-GENERAL'S  REPORT. 

At  the  same  meeting  the  Director-General  submitted  to  the  Report  of 
~,          .  i      /•  11      •  the  Direct- 

Committee  the  following  report:  or-General. 

To  the  President  and  Members  of  the  Executive  Committee,   World's 

Columbian  Commission: 

GENTLEMEN:  I  have  the  honor  to  respectfully  report  that 
immediately  on  the  adjournment  of  the  Executive  Committee, 
temporary  offices  were  secured  in  the  Pullman  Building  for  the 
transaction  of  business  under  my  charge.  The  offices  in  this 
building  are  inadequate.  I  have  not  been  informed  of  their  ex- 
pense, but  understand  that  they  are  only  rented  by  the  month. 


162  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

T?ton-¥ir8t  Believing  that  we  should  seek  quarters  more  ample  for  our 
Day-  acommodation,  and  in  the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  Local  Corpo- 
ration, after  consultation  with  President  Palmer  and  Secretary 
Dickinson,  I  informed  the  Local  Corporation  that  we  should  join 
them  in  the  selection  of  a  joint  headquarters,  the  Commission  to 
pay  pro  rata  for  the  space  occupied. 

Many  buildings  were  inspected,  and  the  one  most  acceptable 
was  the  Rand-McNally  Building.  The  fourth  and  fifth  floors  of 
this  building  have  not  yet  been  divided  into  offices.  It  is  thought 
that  the  fourth  floor  will  be  sufficient  for  the  accommodation  of 
the  Commission  and  the  Local  Board.  This  floor  will  contain 
about  15,000  square  feet  for  offices,  and  will  be  arranged  so  as  to 
contain  an  assembly  room,  for  the  use  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittees, and  the  remaining  portion  arranged  in  offices  to  suit  the 
convenience  of  both  organizations.  The  rent  will  be  $16,000 
per  annum  for  one  year,  with  the  privilege  of  three  years. 

The  fourth  floor  of  this  building  is  to  be  fitted  up  as  offices, 
and  it  is  intended  that,  if  at  any  time  additional  room  is  required, 
the  overflow  could  be  accommodated  on  the  fifth  floor. 

This  building  is  thoroughly  fire-proof,  is  new,  is  located  on 
Adams  Street,  just  west  of  La  Salle,  and  convenient  to  business. 

It  is  believed  to  be  of  interest  to  the  Exposition  that  the 
Executive  offices  of  both  organizations  be  located  in  the  same 
building. 

The  offices  can  be  prepared  for  occupancy  by  January  i, 
1891. 

ORGANIZATION. 

Following  in  the  line  of  those  Expositions  which  have  been 
successful  heretofore,  also  in  conformity  with  the  writings  and 
reports  of  those  experienced  in  the  conduct  of  great  Expositions, 
to  which  I  have  given  careful  thought  and  study,  and  in  con- 
formity with  my  own  experience  in  business  matters,  I  am  of  the 
opinion  that  time  and  money  will  be  saved  and  efficiency  pro- 
moted by  conducting  the  business  we  have  before  us  through 
administrative  departments  or  bureaus.  I  do  not  comprehend 
how  it  is  possible  to  attempt  to  carry  out  the  work,  the  magni- 
tude of  which  I  feel  is  not  fully  appreciated,  in  any  other 
manner.  I  can  call  to  mind  at  this  moment  many  instances 
where  another  method  has  been  adopted  which  subsequently  had 
to  be  changed  to  the  administrative  system  to  prevent  failure. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  163 

I  believe  we  should  profit  by  the  experience  of  other  Expo- 
sitions  and  adopt  the  system  which  has  universally  proved  a  Day- 
success.  This  system  will  vitalize  the  energy  of  every  officer 
and  committee  that  you  have  elected  or  appointed.  It  will  give 
to  each  something  to  do  and  prevent  the  work  assigned  to  an 
officer  or  committee  being  interfered  with  by  another.  It  will 
lessen  expense,  avoid  confusion,  give  character,  dignity,  and 
confidence  to  this  enterprise. 

The  active  and  willing  members  of  committees  will  be  in 
close  communication  and  consultation  with  the  chief  of 
the  bureaus,  or  the  superintendent  of  a  department  or  sub- 
department  with  which  it  has  to  do,  and  each  committee  will 
be  stimulated  to  extra  exertion  to  make  theirs  the  most 
attractive  and  successful  department,  and  a  keen  sense  of 
responsibility  will  be  thus  secured. 

To  this  end  I  believe  the  work  should  be  divided  into 
bureaus,  somewhat  as  follows: 

1.  Bureau  Foreign  Department. 

2.  Bureau  Installation,  which  will  also  include  manufactures 
in  Department  ], 

3.  Bureau  Agriculture,  covering  Departments  A,  C,  and  D. 

4.  Bureau  Horticulture,  Department  B. 

5.  Bureau  Mines  and  Mining,  Department  E. 

6.  Bureau  Machinery,  Department  F. 

7.  Bureau  Electricity,  Department  H. 

8.  Bureau  Education,  covering  Departments  L  and  M. 

9.  Bureau  Railways,  Department  G. 

10.  Bureau  Awards. 

11.  Bureau  Admissions. 

12.  Bureau  Protection. 

13.  Bureau  Press  and  Information. 

14.  Bureau  Engineering  and  Construction. 

15.  Bureau  Transportation. 

1 6.  Bureau  Printing,  Stationery,  and  Supplies;  and  the  neces- 
sary superintendents  for  departments  and  sub-departments  of 
each  bureau. 

The  work  of  several  of  the  foregoing  bureaus  will  mainly  be 
within  the  entire  control  of  the  Local  Board,  subject  to  the  gen- 
eral supervision  of  the  Commission. 

The  Foreign  Department  should  be  under  the  immediate 
supervision  and  attached  to  the  office  of  the  Director-General. 


164  World?  s  Columbian  Commission. 

Third  ses-    The  assistants  or  secretaries  for  this  Bureau  should  be  provided 

sion— Firit 

D&y-         for,  that,  when  the  necessity  requires  the  appointment,  no  delay 
should  ensue. 

The  Bureau  of  Installation  should  be  created  at  once.  This 
Bureau  will  take  charge  of  the  correspondence  with  exhibitors, 
supply  them  with  blank  applications,  and  distribute  the  classifica- 
tion, furnish  all  data,  rules,  and  regulations  pertaining  to  the 
Exposition,  and  allot  space,  and  install  Department  of  Manu- 
factures. This  Bureau  will  also  perform  much  of  the  prelimi- 
nary work  of  other  bureaus  until  a  necessity  exists  for  their 
creation. 

The  Bureau  of  Horticulture  should  be  organized  imme- 
diately. 

The  Bureau  of  Fine  Arts  should  be  organized  immediately. 

The  Bureau  of  Printing,  Stationery,  and  Supplies  should  be 
immediately  created,  and  the  printing,  stationery,  and  supplies 
for  the  Commission  and  for  the  Local  Corporation  should  be 
filled  under  one  and  the  same  contract. 

The  Bureau  of  Press  and  Information  should  be  immedi- 
ately created,  and  the  necessity  for  its  creation  has  existed  for 
some  time. 

The  Superintendent  of  Music,  under  the  Bureau  of  Edu- 
cation, should  be  appointed. 

The  Bureau  of  Transportation  is  regarded  by  the  Local 
Corporation  as  a  necessity,  and  so  thoroughly  was  I  impressed 
with  this  belief,  a  Traffic  Manager  was  appointed,  and  assigned 
to  this  duty,  of  which  further  reference  will  be  made  in  supple- 
mental report. 

WORK  OF  THE  OFFICE. 

The  following  appointments  have  been  made  and  are  respect- 
fully submitted  for  the  approval  of  the  Executive  Committee: 

Mr.  E.  E.  Jaycox  as  Traffic  Manager,  compensation  five 
thousand  dollars  ($5,000)  per  annum,  to  be  paid  by  the  Local 
Corporation. 

Gen.  F.  C.  Armstrong,  as  aid  to  the  Director-General. 
This  officer  will  be  sent  to  the  different  States  to  communicate 
with  Commissioners,  assist  in  organization,  and  perform  such 
other  duties  as  may  be  required.  I  recommend  that  his  salary 
be  fixed  by  the  Committee,  and  provision  made  for  its  payment, 
and  also  for  the  payment  of  his  expenses. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  165 

I   have  appointed  a  chief  clerk  for  my  office,  and  require  TMrd 


further  assistance,  such  as  clerks,  stenographers,  and  typewriters,  D&y- 
and   respectfully  request  the  Committee  to  fix  the  salary  of  the 
chief  clerk,  and  authorize  the  necessary  help  for  the  office  and  its 
incidental  expenses. 

A  more  comprehensive  and  systematic  organization  than 
now  exists  is  required  for  the  prompt  and  economical  transaction 
of  our  work. 

The  Commission  and  the  Local  Corporation  should  come  to 
a  thorough  understanding  on  a  business  basis;  the  questions 
affecting  the  rights  and  jurisdiction  of  each  will,  I  believe,  be 
easily  determined  if  the  success  of  the  Exposition  is  constantly 
kept  in  view  by  all. 

(Signed)  GEO.   R.   DAVIS,  Director-General. 

The   fore2foin^   report  of  the  Director-General  was  consid-  Appoint- 

5          J  ments  by 

ered,  and  the  Committee  proceeded  to  the  confirmation  of  the 
appointments  that  had  been  made  by  Director-General  Davis,  as 
set  forth  in  his  report,  to  wit:  The  appointment  of  Mr.  E.  E. 
Jaycox  as  Traffic  Manager,  General  Frank  C.  Armstrong  as  aid 
to  the  Director-General,  and  Mr.  Geo.  S.  Miles  as  Chief  Clerk 
in  the  Director-General's  office. 

The  appointments  of  General  Armstrong  and  Mr.  Miles 
were  confirmed. 

The  vote  was  then  taken  upon  the  confirmation  of  the 
appointment  of  Mr.  Jaycox  as  Traffic  Manager,  and  the  appoint- 
ment was  confirmed. 

Commissioner  Euclid  Martin  filed  the  following  protest 
against  the  confirmation  of  Mr.  Jaycox  as  Traffic  Manager,  and 
his  reasons  therefor: 

I  protest  against  the  adoption  of  so  much  of  the  report  of 
the  Director-General  as  refers  to  the  confirmation  by  the  Execu- 
tive Committee  of  his  appointment  of  E.  E.  Jaycox  as  Traffic 
Manager.  Not  that  I,  in  any  manner,  question  the  qualifications 
of  Mr.  Jaycox  for  filling  the  position,  but  for  the  following  reasons: 

First.  That  the  appointment  of  Traffic  Manager  by  the 
Director-General  without  consultation  with  either  the  Chairman 
of  or  the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation,  is  contrary 
to  the  plan  of  the  organization  of  the  World's  Columbian  Con  - 
mission  as  outlined  by  its  action  at  the  meetings  held  in  this  city 
in  June  and  September,  at  which  times  the  principle  was  clearly 
established  that  the  work  of  conducting  the  Exposition,  and  th3 

12 


166  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

hirdjjes^  responsibility  of    same,   was  in  the  hands  of    the    Commission 
Day-         through  its  various  committees. 

Second.  For  the  reason  that  there  was  no  such  exigency 
existing  as  would  warrant  an  exception  being  made  of  this  par- 
ticular position,  and  that  the  selection  at  this  time  of  a  Traffic 
Manager,  before  the  organization  of  the  bureau  which  he  is  to 
serve,  has  the  appearance  of  making  an  exception,  and  can  not 
but  be  construed  as  lacking  in  courtesy  to  the  Committee  on 
Tariffs  and  Transportation. 

EUCLID  MARTIN, 
Member  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation. 

Before  the  appointment  of  Mr.  Jaycox  was  confirmed  the 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  had  received  the  following  protest 
from  Commissioner  V.  D.  Groner,  Chairman  of  the  Committee 
on  Tariffs  and  Transportation,  which  was  read  and  ordered 
entered  upon  the  minutes  of  the  Committee: 

Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation  protest  against  the 
appointment  of  Traffic  Manager  by  the  Director-General  and 
the  Local  Board.  We  ask  the  Executive  Committee  to  defer 
action  until  Committee  on  Transportation  can  be  heard.  Local 
Board,  of  course,  has  the  right  to  appoint  whatever  officers  they 
please,  but  they  should  not  be  made  officers  of  the  National 
Commission,  even  though  approved  by  Director-General,  without 
first  letting  standing  committee  have  some  option  in  the  matter. 

(Signed)  V.  D.  GRONER, 

Chairman  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation, 
World 's  Columbian  Commission. 

CLASSIFICATION. 
iassifica-  The  Committee  on  Classification  from  time  to  time   have 

tion  Coin- 
made  reports  to  the   Executive  Committee  in  reference  to   the 

work  of  classification,  but  it  is  not  deemed  necessary  to  submit 
these  reports,  as  the  Classification  Committee  will  make  a  full 
report  to  the  Commission  at  this  session. 

Professor  Blake,  employed  by  the  Classification  Committee, 
made  a  report  which  will  be  found  on  pages  48  and  49  of  the 
printed  minutes  of  the  Executive  Committee. 

Chairman  F.  J.  V.  Skiff,  from  the  Committee  on  Mines  and 
Mining,  submitted  a  communication  which  will  be  found  on 
pages  51  to  55  inclusive,  of  the  printed  minutes  of  the  Execu- 
tive Committee. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  167 

The  Committee  on  Ceremonies  submitted  to  the  Executive  Third  ses- 
sion—First 
Committee  the  following  report,  with  the  accompanying  plan  for  Day- 

the  dedication  ceremonies  in  October,  1892. 

To  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission. -Report of 

the  Com- 

GENTLEMEN  :  The  Committee  on  Ceremonies  met  this  day 
with  a  like  Committee  from  the  Local  Directory,  to  whom  they  nies- 
submitted  the  accompanying  paper,  outlining  a  system  of 
festivities  for  the  dedication  ceremonies.  After  an  interchange 
of  views,  upon  the  request  of  the  Local  Committee  we  ad- 
journed until  such  time  as  their  full  Board  could  discuss  the 
matter. 

As  not  only  the  dedication  ceremonies,  but  those  of  the 
opening  of  the  Exposition,  will  require  considerable  thought  and 
a  very  considerable  amount  of  labor,  your  Committee  asks  au- 
thority to  select  a  Secretary  by  whom,  in  connection  with  the 
Chairman,  the  details  of  these  festivities  may  be  prepared,  the 
salary  of  the  Secretary  to  be  determined  upon  at  the  next  meet- 
ing of  the  Executive  Committee  when  the  Commission  meets 
again. 

(Signed)  PETER  A.  B.  WIDENER,  Chairman, 

R.  C.  KERENS, 
M.  B.  HARRISON. 


PLAN  FOR  DEDICATION  CEREMONIES. 
To  the  Hon.  LYMAN  T.  GAGE,  President,  and  the  Honorable  Mem-  Proposed 

J  ntiri1r»nt.i 

bers  of  the  Executive   Committee  of  the   Worlds  Columbian 

Exposition  Association,  of  Chicago: 

GENTLEMEN:  Section  9  of  the  Act  of  Congress  creating 
the  World's  Columbian  Commission  contains  the  following: 
"  That  said  Commission  shall  provide  for  the  dedication  of  the 
buildings  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  in  said  City  of 
Chicago,  on  the  twelfth  day  of  October,  one  thousand  eight  hun- 
dred and  ninety-two,  with  appropriate  ceremonies"  etc. 

The  Director-General  informs  us  that  these  buildings  will  be 
completed  and  ready  for  dedication  on  that  date,  as  required  by 
law.  In  view  of  the  fact  that  if  these  dedication  ceremonies 
only  last  one  day,  and  are  a  free  show,  they  will  probably  entail 
a  very  large  outlay  of  money,  we  desire  to  submit  for  your  con- 
sideration a  plan  that  will  provide  an  adequate  fund  with  which 
to  entertain  all  the  distinguished  guests  on  that  occasion,  and 


Dedicatory 
Ceremo- 
nies. 


168  World's  Columbian   Commission. 


Tsioft-SFi8rst  ^at  w*^  ma^e  the  ceremonies  ten-fold  more  brilliant  and  impos- 
Day.         jng  than  they  otherwise  would  be. 

The  plan  is  to  give,  on  the  grounds  and  in  the  buildings, 
a  great  inter-State  and  international  military  encampment  and 
international  band  contest,  in  honor  of  the  dedication  of  the 
buildings  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  opening  on  the 
first  Monday  in  October,  1892,  and  closing  a  few  days 
after  the  i2th  of  October,  1892,  lasting  about  ten  days,  and 
making  the  i2th  of  October,  as  required  by  law,  the  dedication 
day.  If  the  festivities  were  to  last  only  one  day,  we  would  hardly 
be  able  to  secure  a  complete  military  representation  from  each 
State,  outside  of  possibly  the  Governor  and  his  staff  officers,  but 
if  the  celebration  is  made  a  great  inter-State  competitive  drill 
and  international  military  encampment  and  band  contest, 
offering  the  largest  prizes  that  have  ever  been  offered  in  the 
history  of  this  country,  all  the  first-class  military  companies  in 
the  United  States  and  the  finest  bands  of  music  will  participate, 
together  with  at  least  a  military  escort  and  one  famous  band  of 
music  from  every  nation  on  earth. 

If  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Local  Directory  will 
adopt  this  plan,  we  will  be  able  to  give  the  grandest  military  and 
musical  event  of  the  age,  entertaining  all  the  distinguished  guests 
in  a  satisfactory  manner,  making  enough  money  to  pay  all 
expenses,  and  probably  being  able  to  turn  back  into  the  treasury 
of  the  Local  Directory  at  least  one  hundred  and  fifty  thousand 
dollars.  We  ought  to  have  a  daily  attendance  of  from  one  to  two 
hundred  thousand  people  for  ten  days,  which  would  be  from  one 
to  two  million  people,  at  fifty  cents  admission,  amounting  to  half 
a  million  or  a  million  dollars,  and  all  the  expenses  ought  not  to 
be  more  than  three  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars,  thereby 
realizing  quite  a  handsome  surplus.  But,  if  we  should  only  pay 
expenses,  we  will  have  saved  to  the  World's  Fair  enterprise  a 
large  sum  of  money,  which  will  have  to  be  expended  in  entertain- 
ing distinguished  guests  from  Washington  City,  from  every  State 
in  the  Union,  and  from  every  nation  on  earth,  if  the  dedication 
lasts  only  a  day  and  is  a  free  entertainment. 

Several  of  the  leading  representatives  of  the  National  Guard 
of  the  various  States  have  already  suggested  a  great  military 
encampment  during  the  six  months  of  the  World's  Fair,  but  the 
officers  of  the  Exposition  will  be  so  occupied  in  arranging  for 
the  innumerable  exhibits  of  the  products  and  industries  of  the 
soil,  mine,  and  sea  from  all  over  the  world,  and  supervising  the 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  169 

civic  departments  and  attractions  of  the  Fair,  that  we  would 
be  able  to  give  a  military  encampment  during  the  Fair  the  proper 
recognition  that  it  should  have.  It  is  on  this  account  that  the 
Committee  on  Ceremonies  of  the  National  Commission  suggest 
that  this  great  military  show  and  band  contest  be  given  at 
the  dedication  celebration,  and  be  made  strictly  military  and 
musical,  having  no  industrial  parades  or  civic  shows  during  the 
dedication,  as  they  more  appropriately  belong  to  the  Exposition. 

We  would  therefore  request  the  Executive  Committee  of  the 
World's  Columbian  Exposition  Directory  to  consider  the  advis- 
ability of  adopting  this  plan  as  a  basis  for  the  dedication  cere- 
monies, and  to  agree  to  offer  $100,000  for  prizes  for  the  military 
companies  and  bands  of  music  to  compete  for,  and  also  to  agree 
to  set  aside  $100,000  additional  for  the  preliminary  expenses  in 
preparing  for  this  dedication  celebration,  requesting,  at  the  same 
time,  that  your  Executive  Committee  select  a  Committee  on  Cere- 
monies, composed  of  eight  Directors,  to  cooperate  with  the 
Committee  of  the  National  Commission;  and  that  the  two  com- 
mittees be  the  Governing  Board,  with  power  to  recommend  a 
General  Manager,  to  be  appointed  by  the  Director-General,  and 
such  other  agents  and  employes  as  may  be  needed  to  proceed  at 
once  to  prepare  for  this  dedication  celebration. 

We  kave  only  two  years  in  which  to  do  this  work,  and  from 
our  experience  with  celebrations  of  this  kind,  we  are  of  the  opin- 
ion that  we  have  no  time  to  lose  to  make  it  the  brilliant  and  im- 
posing affair  that  it  should  be. 

After  these  two  Committees  have  conferred  fully,  mapped 
out  plans,  etc.,  and  chosen  proper  officers  and  agents  to  get  up 
these  dedication  ceremonies,  we  would  suggest  that  a  meeting  be 
held  in  Chicago,  at  an  early  date,  of  the  best  military  talent  in 
the  country  from  among  the  National  Guard  and  the  United 
States  Army,  say  a  gathering  of  forty  or  fifty  men  for  a  week, 
who  will  prepare  the  prospectus  of  the  military  encampment,  and 
also  the  military  prize-list.  In  due  course  of  time  an  interest 
will  have  been  aroused  in  the  various  States  in  behalf  of  the  Co- 
lumbian Exposition,  and  the  same  men  who  work* for  the  World's 
Fair,  both  at  home  and  abroad,  can  also  work  for  this  dedication 
celebration. 

After  the  prospectus  and  prize-lists  have  been  sent  out  to 
the  military  companies  of  this  country  and  to  foreign  govern- 
ments, this  joint  Committee  can  then  engage  the  services  of  a 
musical  director,  a  man  of  recognized  genius  among  musicians, 


170  World's  Columbian   Commission. 

Third  ses-    who  can  invite  a  few  of  the  great  band-masters  of  the  world,  like 

sion— First 

Dfty-  Gilmore  and  others,  to  come  to  this  city  and  prepare  the  prize- 
lists  for  the  great  band  contests,  together  with  the  prospectus 
which  will  be  sent  out  to  all  the  bands  of  the  world.  In  the  opin- 
ion of  this  Committee,  there  never  was  such  a  favorable  opportu- 
nity as  this  for  making  an  international  military  encampment  and 
international  band  contest  such  a  complete  success,  both  finan- 
cially and  otherwise,  as  can  be  made  in  connection  with  the 
Columbian  Exposition. 

As  before  stated,  the  buildings  are  to  be  completed  in  time 
for  the  dedication,  and  representatives  of  the  Exposition  will  be 
at  work  everywhere  at  least  a  year  before  this  dedication  occurs, 
all  of  whom  can  act  as  agents  in  urging  military  companies  and 
bands  of  music  to  compete  for  the  great  prizes  to  be  offered.  If 
the  weather  should  happen  to  be  unpropitious  at  the  time  of  hold- 
ing this  celebration,  October,  1892,  the  main  building  and  other 
buildings  being  entirely  completed,  the  competitive  drilling  of 
the  military  companies  can  take  place,  if  necessary,  in  these 
gigantic  buildings,  because  none  of  the  exhibits  which  are  to  be 
placed  in  these  buildings  and  on  the  grounds  will  begin  to  arrive 
until  after  this  dedication  celebration  is  over. 

The  band  contests  can  also  occur  in  the  Exposition  build- 
ings, and  a  few  great  band-masters  can  bring  to  Chicago  bauds 
of  music  from  all  over  the  world  that  can  be  massed  together 
and  that  will  aggregate  from  two  to  three  thousand  musicians. 
The  music  will  have  been  sent  out  to  the  bands  several  months 
in  advance,  which  they  will  rehearse,  and  a  consolidated  band  of 
several  thousand  pieces  will  play  the  same  music,  the  national 
airs  of  every  country  and  other  popular  and  inspiring  melodies. 

We  have  not  gone  into  the  details  of  the  numberless  minor 
but  brilliant  attractions  that  can  also  be  made  a  part  of  the  dedi- 
cation ceremonies,  as  these  matters  can  be  considered  later  on,  as 
the  plans  for  the  dedication  entertainment  are  more  fully 
developed. 

Such  a  celebration,  of  the  magnitude  that  we  suggest,  will 
enable  the  World's  Fair  management  to  have  a  rehearsal,  as  it 
were,  the  fall  before  the  Exposition  opens,  to  test  the  transpor- 
tation facilities  to  and  from  the  grounds  to  the  city,  the  capacity 
for  satisfactorily  taking  care  of  visitors  in  Chicago,  for  policing 
the  grounds,  the  city,  etc.,  and,  in  fact,  a  complete  rehearsal,  six 
months  before  the  opening  of  the  Exposition.  Such  a  rehearsal 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  171 

would  be  of  incalculable  value  in  the  successful  management  of  ™on-SFiSrst 
the  World's  Columbian  Exposition.  Day> 

We  would  have  here  at  that  time  several  thousand  soldiers 
composed  of  the  flower  of  the  militia  of  the  country,  each  of 
whom  would  return  to  his  home  after  the  i2th  of  October  an 
enthusiastic  advertiser  of  the  World's  Fair,  besides  the  enormous 
advertisement  that  would  accrue  from  the  attendance  of  from 
one  to  two  million  people  during  the  ten  days  of  the  interna- 
tional encampment,  and  also  the  financial  benefits  that  would 
accrue  to  the  City  of  Chicago  by  the  presence  in  this  city  for 
ten  days  of  several  hundred  thousand  strangers. 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

P.  A.  B.  WIDENER,  Chairman, 
R.  C.  KERENS, 
M.  B.  HARRISON, 

For  tJie  Committee  on  Ceremonies. 

After  considering  the  foregoing  report,  the  Committee 
adopted  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  report  be  referred  back  to  the  Commit- 
tee on  Ceremonies  for  such  further  action  as  they  may  see  fit 
to  take,  and  report  at  such  time  as  they  may  deem  proper, 
with  power  to  act  and  to  appoint  a  Secretary. 

LADY  MANAGERS. 
In  reference  to  the  oranization  of  the  Board  of  Lad     Man-  R1° 

Manager* 


agers,  the  Committee  adopted  the  following  resolutions: 


Resolved,  That  Hon.  Thomas  W.  Palmer,  President,  be  and 
he  is  hereby  respectfully  requested  to  call  a  meeting  of  the  Board 
of  Lady  Managers,  in  the  City  of  Chicago,  on  the  igth  of  Novem- 
ber, 1890,  for  the  purpose  of  organization  and  the  transaction  of 
such  other  business  as  may  come  before  said  Board. 

Resolved,  further*  That  Hon.  Thomas  W.  Palmer,  President, 
and  Hon.  John  T.  Dickinson,  Secretary,  are  requested  to  make 
arrangements  to  secure  a  suitable  hall  in  which  said  Board  of 
Lady  Managers  can  hold  their  daily  meetings. 

Resolved,  further,  That  Hon.  Thomas  W.  Palmer,  President, 
is  requested  to  call  said  Board  of  Lady  Managers  to  order  at 
12  o'clock  M.,  on  said  igth  of  November  next,  and  preside  until 
they  shall  have  elected  a  Chairman  and  Secretary,  and  that  Hon. 
John  T.  Dickinson,  Secretary,  is  directed  to  officiate  as  secretary 
on  said  iQth  of  November  next  until  they  shall  have  elected 
their  Chairman  and  Secretary. 


172  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Third  ses-  Resolved,  further.     That  it  is  the  sense  of   the  Executive 

sion— First  '  J 

Day-  Committee  that  the  law  of  Congress  authorizes  the  organization 
of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  at  an  early  date,  and  the  Presi- 
dent of  this  Commission,  Hon.  Thomas  W.  Palmer,  is  authorized 
and  requested  to  communicate  with  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
and  request,  on  behalf  of  this  Commission,  favorable  construc- 
tion of  the  Act  of  Congress  relative  to  the  subsistence  and 
transportation  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  for  the  meeting 
of  said  Board  on  November  19,  1890. 

Resolved,  further,  That  the  President  shall  not  issue  the  call 
above  mentioned  until  he  receives  information  from  the  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury  that  the  subsistence  and  transportation  for  the 
members  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  have  been  allowed. 

Resolved,  further,  That  a  committee  of  two  be  appointed  by 
the  President  to  proceed  to  Washington  to  take  up  this  subject 
with  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  in  order  to  secure  a  prompt 
decision. 

In  compliance  with  the  foregoing  resolutions,  Commission- 
ers Butt  and  Harris  were  appointed  as  a  Committee  to  proceed 
to  Washington  to  interview  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  in  re- 
gard to  the  compensation  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers. 

A  communication  was  afterward  received  from  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Treasury,  stating  that  each  member  of  the  Board  of 
Lady  Managers,  as  now  constituted  numerically,  will  be  allowed 
necessary  cost  of  transportation,  and  six  dollars  per  day  in  lieu 
of  actual  subsistence  expenses,  while  necessarily  absent  from 
home  engaged  on  the  business  of  the  Commission,  upon  the 
presentation  of  itemized  accounts  and  vouchers  as  required  by 
law  and  the  regulations  issued  thereunder. 

Thereupon,  in  compliance  with  the  resolution  of  the  Execu- 
tive Committee,  the  President  of  the  Commission  instructed  the 
Secretary  to  call  a  meeting  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  to 
be  held  in  this  city  on  November  19,  1890. 

SECRETARY'S  REPORT. 

Eeportof  At  tne  meeting  on  October  2ist,  Secretary    Dickinson    sub- 

tarySecre"  mitted  the  following  report  to  the  Executive  Committee,  which 
was  unanimously  approved: 

To  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

GENTLEMEN:     In  accordance  with  Article  VIII  of  the  By- 

Laws  of  the  Commission,  giving  me  the  power  "to  appoint  such 

assistant  secretaries   and   select  such   clerical  force  as  shall  be 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  173 

necessary  properly  to  conduct  the  business  of  the  Commission, 
subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Executive  Committee,"  I  beg  leave 
to  submit  the  following  report  for  the  consideration  of  your 
Committee: 

This  same  By-Law  requires  the  Secretary  to  "conduct  the 
correspondence  of  the  Commission  and  to  keep  a  full  and  accu- 
rate record  of  its  proceeding  and  those  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee, and  to  make  report  of  same  from  time  to  time  as  may 
be  required."  This  By-Law  also  requires  the  Secretary  to  "keep 
all  the  accounts  of  the  Commission  and  certify  the  same  to  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury  for  payment." 

A  careful  consideration  of  the  immense  amount  of  work 
that  will  have  to  be  done  through  the  Secretary's  department  of 
the  National  Commission  will  at  once  convince  anyone  that,  in 
addition  to  a  large  force  of  clerks,  stenographers,  and  type- 
writers, which  will  have  to  be  increased  as  the  work  progresses, 
I  must  have,  for  the  successful  and  satisfactory  discharge  of  the 
duties  of  my  office,  at  least  two  assistant  secretaries — one  as  an 
office  assistant  and  the  other  as  an  assistant  in  the  prompt  and 
efficient  discharge  of  my  duties  in  connection  with  the  Executive 
Committee. 

I  have  selected  for  these  two  positions,  subject  to  your 
approval,  two  gentlemen,  one  from  Pennsylvania  and  the  other 
from  Tennessee,  both  highly  indorsed  by  the  most  prominent 
men  in  the  country,  and  whose  business  ability  and  experience  are 
such  as  will  at  all  times  enable  them  to  command  the  confidence 
and  esteem  of  every  Commissioner  and  of  the  public  generally. 

I  desire  your  approval  of  my  appointment  of  Mr.  Eben 
Brewer,  of  Pennsylvania,  as  my  office  assistant,  and  Mr.  A.  B. 
Hurt,  of  Tennessee,  as  Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Executive 
Committee,  to  perform  such  other  duties  as  I  may  direct  when 
the  Executive  Committee  is  not  in  session.  I  do  not  ask  that 
any  salary  be  fixed  for  these  gentlemen  at  this  session  of  your 
Committee,  but  only  that  their  appointments  be  approved,  recog- 
nizing from  my  knowledge  of  their  ability  that  after  your  Com- 
mittee has  met  again,  and  you  have  seen  their  work  and  their 
capacity,  you  can  then  fix  their  salaries  commensurate  with  their 
services,  and  I  can  say  that  this  arrangement  is  entirely  satisfac- 
tory to  them. 

I  submit  herewith,  for  your  approval,  the  pay-roll  of  the 
clerks,  stenographers,  typewriters,,  and  messengers  that  are  now 


174  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Ts1iion-SFirst  emP^oye(i  m  mJ  °ffice>  and  which  are  necessary  for  the  transaction 
Day-         of  business  in  a  prompt  and  efficient  manner. 
I  have  the  honor  to  be, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

JOHN  T.  DICKINSON, 

Secretary. 

With  the  foregoing  report  was  submitted  a  list  of  the  em- 
ployes in  the  Secretary^  office,  and  their  compensation,  which 
was  approved. 

The  Committee,  by  resolution,  appointed  the  President. 
Director-General,  and  Vice-Chairman  as  a  Sub-Committee  to  fix 
the  salaries  of  all  the  employes  that  may  hereafter  be  needed  in 
the  Secretary's  office,  and  report  same  from  time  to  time  to  the 
Executive  Committee  for  confirmation. 

A  communication  from  Mr.  W.  E.  Curtis  of  the  Department 
of  State,  in  reference  to  the  exploitation  of  South  America,  was 
received,  a  copy  of  which  will  be  found  on  page  69  of  the 
printed  official  minutes  of  the  Executive  Committee.  The  Chair- 
man understands  that  this  communication  was  acted  on  by  the 
Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs  at  its  recent  meeting  in  New  York 
City,  and  will  be  reported  upon  by  them  at  this  session  of  the 
Commission. 

On  November  i4th,  the  Executive  Committee  accepted  the 
invitation  to  meet  the  Congressional  Committee  of  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  at  the  Grand  Pacific  Hotel,  where  quite  a 
lengthy  conference  was  held,  but  no  definite  action  taken. 

The  Committee  decided  that  all  applications  to  the  Secretary, 
from  Chairmen  of  Committees,  for  stenographers  for  temporary 
use  during  this  session  of  the  National  Commission,  shall  first  IK 
submitted  to  the  Sub-Committee,  consisting  of  the  Chairman  and 
Vice-Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee  and  the  Director 
General,  for  such  action  as  they  may  deem  proper. 

The  Committee  also  decided  that  it  should  be  the  practice 
of  this  Committee,  and  all  Committees  and  Officers  of  the  Com- 
mission, when  employing  stenographers  and  having  work  done  or 
otherwise  creating  expense,  to  have  same  done  by  contract,  when 
practicable. 

Exposition  The  Committee  at  its  session  November  i5th   unanimously 

adopted  the  following  preamble  and  resolution: 

WHEREAS,  At  the  September  meeting  of  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Commission  a  resolution  was  unanimously  passed  by  the 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  175 

Commission  expressing  a  desire  for  the  location  of  the  important 
part  of  the  Exposition  on  Washington  Park;  that  on  receipt  rf  Dfty 
said  resolution  the  Local  Directory  passed  and  presented  to  the 
South  Park  Commissioners  the  following  resolution:  "That,  in 
the  opinion  of  this  Board,  the  honor  of  Chicago  and  the  necessi- 
ties of  the  Exposition  alike  require  the  adoption  of  Washington 
Park  as  an  important  part  of  the  site  for  the  Columbian  Expo- 
sition;" that  the  South  Park  Commissioners,  on  receipt  of  said 
resolution,  passed  a  resolution  declaring  "  that  if  after 
considering  their  explanation  the  National  Commission  and 
the  Chicago  Directory  shall  still  insist  that  the  honor  of 
Chicago  demands,  and  the  space  needed  for  the  Exposition 
requires,  that  Washington  Park  be  more  closely  identified 
with  the  Exposition,  and  that  to  other  sites  be  added  the 
area  of  Washington  Park,  the  South  Park  Commissioners 
will,  on  notice  to  such  effect,  immediately  cause  to  be  prepared, 
and  will  pass,  the  ordinance  necessary  to  comply  with  the  request 
now  under  consideration;"  that  on  the  receipt  of  this  resolution 
by  the  South  Park  Commissioners  the  National  Commission  and 
the  Chicago  Directory  each  re-declared  that  in  their  opinion 
the  space  needed  for  the  Exposition  did  require  that  Wash- 
ington Park  should  be  so  tendered;  that,  relying  on  said  pledge 
so  made  by  the  South  Park  Commissioners,  the  Chicago  Direct- 
ory made  an  unconditional  tender  of  Washington  Park  to  the 
National  Commission  as  an  important  part  of  the  site  for  the 
Exposition,  which  was  unconditionally  accepted  by  the  Commis- 
sion; that  the  South  Park  Commissioners  did  prepare  and  present 
to  said  Directory  an  ordinance  allowing  the  use  of  Washington 
Park  for  the  Exposition,  but  coupled  to  it  a  condition  that  no 
trees  should  be  removed,  or  permanent  improvements  or  road- 
ways disturbed,  in  its  use  without  the  consent  of  the  South 
Park  Commissioners;  that  the  Directors'  architect  has  prepared 
two  or  three  plans  for  Exposition  buildings,  to  be  located  on 
Washington  Park,  all  of  which  have  been  submitted  to  the 
South  Park  Commissioners  for  their  approval  as  to  the  trees 
required  to  be  removed,  and  the  said  South  Park  Commissioners 
have  declared,  by  resolution,  their  intention  to  prevent  the 
removal  of  the  trees  necessarily  required  in  the  proper  use  of 
Washington  Park  for  Exposition  purposes;  now,  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the.  Executive  Committee,  on  behalf  of  the 
National  Commission,  respectfully,  but  positively  and  unanimously, 
ask  that  the  Directory  obtain  from  the  South  Park  Commissioners, 


176  World? s  Columbian  Commission. 

T£onJfirst  without  delay,  and  before  the  meeting  of  the  Commission  on  the 
Day-  1 8th  instant,  an  amendment  of  their  ordinance  granting  the 
unconditional  use  of  Washington  Park  for  an  important  part  of 
the  Exposition,  relying  upon  the  pledge  of  the  Directory  and  the 
National  Commission  that  no  unnecessary  damage  shall  be  done 
to  the  permanent  improvements  of  the  Park,  and  the  bond  of  the 
I^irectory,  already  given,  that  they  will  indemnify  said  South  Park 
Commissioners  against  damage  that  may  be  done  to  said  Park  in 
the  use  thereof  for  Exposition  purposes;  that  unless  such  action 
is  taken  by  the  South  Park  Commissioners  before  the  meeting 
of  the  National  Commission  on  the  i8th  instant,  we  will  feel  con- 
strained to  recommend  to  the  Commission  that  they  reconsider 
their  several  resolutions,  heretofore  by  them  adopted,  accepting 
the  various  sites,  and  await  the  ability  and  action  of  the  Direc- 
tory in  making  good  their  unconditional  tender  of  Washington 
Park  as  a  site  for  the  Exposition. 

The  following  protest,  from  the  Illinois  State  Board  of 
Agriculture,  was  laid  before  the  Executive  Committee  at  its 
session  on  the  lyth  inst.: 

AGRICULTURAL  AND  ALLIED  INDUSTRIES  AT  THE  WORLD'S 

FAIR. 
iiiinoisstate          The    Illinois    State    Board  of    Agriculture,    at    its    regular 

Board  of 

ura-Ac-  meetmg  to-day,  passed  the  following  preamble  and  resolution, 
sl°rdirng  to  which  the  attention  of  all  kindred  organizations  and  of  all 
Igricuitu-  others  interested  is  respectfully  called: 

ral  Display 

WHEREAS,  The  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Local  Corpora- 
tion of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  charged  with  the 
duty  of  presenting  to  the  National  Commission  a  site,  together 
with  plans  and  specifications  for  the  necessary  Exposition  build- 
ings for  the  World's  Fair  of  1893,  has  decided  to  so  present  the 
following  as  the  basis  of  a  partial  site  and  partial  distribution  of 
buildings  and  departments  upon  the  Lake  Front,  asking  approval 
and  adoption  thereof  by  said  National  Commission,  to-wit: 

"  Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  Board  of  Directors  that 
there  should  be  located  upon  the  Lake  Front  these  items  of  the 
Exposition: 

"  i.  The  Art  Exhibit  building,  which  shall  contain  all  oil- 
paintings,  water-colors,  engravings,  and  statuary  that  shall  be 
exhibited  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

"  2.  The  Decorative  Art  building,  which  shall  contain  all 
jewelry,  diamonds,  watches,  gold  and  silver  ornaments,  clocks, 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  177 

bronzes,   embroideries,   tapestries,   rugs,  Persian  carpets,  china,  Third  se«- 
bric-a-brac,  gold  and  silver  ware,  and  all  other  articles  intended   Day- 
for  the  decoration  of  the  person,  table,  or  house  that   shall  be 
exhibited  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

"3.  The  building  in  which  shall  be  displayed  the  exhibit  of 
electrical  appliances  and  devices. 

"  4.  Government  Departmental  exhibits,  including  exhibits 
from  the  State  Department,  Treasury  Department,  War  Depart- 
ment, Navy  Department,  Interior  Department,  Post-Office 
Department,  Department  of  Justice,  Smithsonian  Institution, 
and  National  Museum  and  Fish  and  Fisheries  Department. 

"5.  Musical  Hall. 

"  6.  The  Water  Palace,  if  any. 

"7.  A  portion  of  certain  miniature  villages  and  settlements 
of  curious  nationalities,  such  as  Indian,  Egyptian,  Persian,  Cen- 
tral African,  Chinese,  Japanese,  Armenian,  Russian,  and  others. 

"8.  An  Aquarium  building. 

"  9.  An  electric  fountain,  and  other  exhibits  analogous  to  the 
foregoing,  or  supplementary  thereto,  and  necessary  to  make  the 
Lake  Front  exhibition  equal  in  interest  and  attractiveness  to  the 
other  portions  of  the  Fair." 

WHEREAS,  The  plan  of  distribution,  as  outlined  above,  con- 
templates a  dismemberment  of  the  World's  Fair  not  only  un- 
necessary and  utterly  unjustifiable,  but  involving  a  reckless,  if 
not  culpable,  disregard  of  the  interests  which  we  represent,  and 
which  form  the  very  basis  of  all  civilization,  progress,  culture, 
and  wealth  of  nations  and  people  in  every  department  of  human 
activity;  and, 

WHEREAS,  The  law  of  Congress  organizing  the  National 
World's  Fair  Commission  invests  that  Commission  vr\\A\.  plenary 
powers  of  approval  and  rejection  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  site, 
buildings,  and  conduct  of  said  Fair  in  general  and  detail,  thus 
charging  the  Commission  with  a  responsibility  to  the  people 
which  can  not  be  modified,  and  from  which  there  is  no  honorable 
escape,  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  the  Illinois  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  in  the 
name  of  agriculture  and  its  allied  industries  throughout  the  ' 
world,  confidently  appeals  to  the  intelligent  appreciation,  pure 
motives,  and  perfect  good  faith  of  our  National  Commission,  to 
prevent  any  dismemberment  whatever  of  the  departments  of  the 
proposed  Fair,  and  in  any  event  and  at  any  cost  to  avert  the  dis- 


178  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Third  ses-    grace  and  disaster  which,  under  any  such  plan   as  quoted  above, 
Day.     '    or  any  approach  to   it,  would,  in   our  :de,liberate  judgment,  be 
inevitable. 

The  following  report  from  the  Director-G'eneral  was  sub- 
mitted to  the  Executive  Committee  at  its  session  on  the  i7th 
inst.,  and  with  accompanying  papers  was  ordered  referred  to  the 
Commission  : 

OFFICE  OF  THE  DIRECTOR-GENERAL, 

November  17,  1890. 
Report  of      To  the  President  and  Members  of  the  Executive  Committee.    World's 

the  Direct-  J 

or-Genera'.  Columbian  Commission: 

OFFICIAL  HEADQUARTERS. 

GENTLEMEN  :  I  have  the  honor  to  report  that  in  conformity 
with  the  instructions  of  the  Executive  Committee  the  President, 
Vice-Chairman,  Secretary,  and  the  Director-General  visited  and 
examined  the  accommodations  for  offices  of  the  Commission 
offered  by  the  proprietors  of  the  Rand-McNally  building. 
Being  satisfied  that  they  were  central  as  to  location,  ample  as  to 
space,  and  reasonable  as  to  rental,  the  Committee  advised  the 
Local  Board  that  the  Commission  would  join  the  Board  of 
Directors  in  securing  the  quarters.  The  offices  are  now  being 
prepared,  and  will  be  in  readiness  for  occupancy  by  the  ist  of 
January. 

UNDERGROUND  MINING  DISPLAY. 

Unround  ^n  t^e  matter  °f  tne  proposition  for  underground  mining 

Mining  display  to  be  provided  by  Mr.  E.  F.  Browne,  referred  for  consider- 
ation and  report,  it  is  respectfully  submitted  that  it  appears  from 
the  record  that  a  Sub-Committee  appointed  by  the  Commission 
has  already  recommended  that  said  exhibit  be  an  adjunct  to  the 
World's  Fair,  the  details  of  its  regulations  and  control  to  be 
referred  to  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Commission  and  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

The  proposition  is  to  locate  the  shaft  upon  the  Lake  Front, 
and  present  a  mining  exhibit  some  500  feet  below  the  surface. 

I  understand  that  the  stockholders  of  the  company  which 
proposes  to  sink  the  shaft  are  responsible  and  well-known  people. 

If  desired  by  the  Board  of  Directors,  and  sufficient  guaran- 
tees are  given  to  secure  a  safe  and  satisfactory  exhibit,  I  see  no 
special  objection  to  the  enterprise. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session. 

I  am  unofficially  aware  that  this  subject  has  not  yet  received 
the  favorable  indorsement  of   the  Board  of  Directors,  which  I   Da>' 
believe  it  should  receive  before  further  action  is  taken  by  the 
Executive  Committee. 

DEPARTMENTAL  ORGANIZATION. 

In  the  matter  of  Departmental  Organization,  no  action  has  o 
been  taken  during  the  recess  of  the  Committee.  The  Board 
of  Directors,  upon  the  recommendation  of  the  Sub-Committee 
which  met  in  a  conference  with  a  Sub-Committee  of  this  Execu- 
tive Committee,  adopted  the  plan  set  forth,  with  slight  and  un- 
important alterations,  with  the  exception  that  it  did  not  provide 
for  the  Bureau  of  Admissions,  and  of  Protection,  which  was  con- 
templated by  the  joint  report  of  the  Committee  of  Conference. 
It  was  the  opinion  of  the  Board  of  Directors  that  probably  these 
bureaus  would  not  be  called  into  existence  for  a  year  or 
more,  and  that  it  was  thought  best  to  defer  action  upon  them. 
Believing  that  the  adoption  of  the  report  of  the  Conference 
Committee  by  the  Executive  Committees  of  the  Commission 
and  Board  of  Directors  established  the  plan  of  methods  and 
agencies  to  be  employed  in  the  prosecution  of  the  work,  and  that 
the  National  Commission  was  recognized  as  having  supervisory 
powers  in  the  several  departments  of  administration,  and  that 
reports  should  be  made  to  it  from  every  department  connected 
with  the  Exposition,  in  order  that  the  Commission  should  at  all 
times  have  sufficient  information  to  insure  an  intelligent  super- 
vision in  any  department  when,  in  the  interest  of  the  Exposition, 
it  should  be  called  upon  to  act,  and  also  to  enable  the  Commis- 
sion to  conform  to  the  Act  of  Congress  wherein  it  is  made  the 
duty  of  the  Commission  to  make  report  from  time  to  time  to  the 
President  of  the  United  States  of  the  progress  of  the  work,  and 
in  a  final  report  present  a  full  exhibit  of  the  results  of  the  Expo- 
sition, I  deemed  it  my  duty  to  make  respectful  protest  to  the 
appointment  by  the  Board  of  Directors  of  a  Chief  of  Construc- 
tion, the  duties  of  which  officer  were  specified  as  follows  in  the 
resolution  creating  the  office  : 

"  The  Chief  of  Construction  shall  have  general  charge  of  the 
construction  of  buildings,  the  supervision  of  the  designs  therefor, 
the  preparation  of  the  grounds  and  engineering  incident  to  a 
proper  prosecution  of  the  entire  work.  He  shall  have  supervis- 
ion of  buildings  erected  by  outside  parties  and  of  the  mainte- 
nance of  all  buildings  belonging  to  the  Exposition  Company. 


180  .  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third jy»  He  shall  examine  all  bids  and  propositions  for  work  under  his 
Day-  control,  and  recommend  to  the  Committee  on  Buildings  and 
Grounds  for  approval  such  as  commend  themselves  to  his  judg- 
ment. He  shall,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Committee  on 
Buildings  and  Grounds,  organize  Bureaus  of  Architecture, 
Engineering,  Landscape  Gardening,  Sanitation,  etc.,  and  shall, 
subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Committee,  hire  and  dismiss  all 
employes  in  his  department  and  fix  the  compensation  for  their 
services.  He  shall  report  to  the  Committee  from  time  to  time 
the  progress  of  the  work,  and  shall  perform  such  other  duties  as 
the  Committee  may  assign  to  him." 

The  Board  of  Directors  continued  their  Sub-Committee  for 
any  further  conference  that  might  be  required,  in  the  same 
manner  as  did  this  Committee  continue  theirs. 

It  is  therefore  respectfully  suggested  that  a  further  confer- 
ence be  held,  that  the  methods  and  agencies  through  which  the 
work  is  to  be  performed  may  be,  as  far  as  is  practicable,  deter- 
mined upon,  and  some  general  plan  adopted.  In  this  connec- 
tion I  wish  to  say,  that  there  is  no  reason  to  believe  that  by  the 
adoption  of  the  resolution  creating  this  office  of  Chief  of  Con- 
struction that  the  Board  of  Directors  intended  any  discourtesy 
to  the  Commission,  or  to  myself. 

STATE  ORGANIZATION. 

°tSnIot?"  *  have   recently  forwarded  to  the  members  of   the  National 

thersever-  Commission  a  suggestion  of  plan  for  organization  to  secure  an 
tes'   exhibit  and   to  promote  the  interests   of  the  Exposition  in  the 
various  States  and  Territories  and  District  of  Columbia. 

Herewith  is  submitted  a  copy  of  this  plan,  which  is  entirely 
suggestive  in  its  character,  and  would  request  that  this  Com- 
mittee transmit  the  same  to  the  Commission  for  consideration, 
as  it  is  believed  this  subject  is  of  such  serious  and  immediate  im- 
portance that  it  should  be  fully  and  freely  discussed  by  the  Com- 
mission in  order  that  the  views  of  Commissioners  from  different 
sections  of  the  Union  may  be  obtained  on  the  question,  and  their 
hearty  cooperation  enlisted  in  some  plan  of  State  organization. 

In  this  connection,  and  in  view  of  the  fact  that  a  majority  of 
the  Legislatures  meet  this  winter,  it  is  suggested  that  your  Com- 
mittee recommend  to  the  Commission  that  the  Director-General 
be  given  the  authority  to  request  Commissioners  at  the  proper 
time  to  proceed  to  their  respective  Capitals  to  induce  their 
Governors  to  recommend  in  their  messages  an  adequate  appro- 
priation for  State  Exhibits,  and  also  introduce  suitable  bills  in  the 


Minutes   of  the   Third  Session.  181 

Legislatures  looking:  to  this  end.  and  that  the  Commissioners  be  Third  ses- 
sion—First 
allowed   their   expenses  for   transportation  and  subsistence  for  Day- 

such  time  as  the  Director-General,  with  the  approval  of  the  Ex- 
ecutive Committee,  may  designate. 

It  is  desired  that  the  Commissioners  should  also  assist  in 
carrying  out  some  suitable  plan  for  State  Organization,  at  their 
earliest  convenience,  and  to  commence  not  later  than  the  i5th  of 

next  month. 

* 

ADVISORY  STAFF. 

As  an  additional  and  powerful  means  of  securing  the  very 
highest  order  of  intelligence  and  experience  to  cooperate  in  the 
management  of  the  Columbian'  Exposition,  I  would  respectfully 
request  this  committee  to  recommend  to  the  Commission  that  an 
Advisory  Board  be  created,  to  be  known  as  an  Advisory  Staff  to 
the  Director-General,  to  be  absolutely  and  purely  honorary,  the 
membership  to  be  limited  to  five  from  this  country  and  five  from 
foreign  countries,  and  that  the  members  of  said  Board  be  nomi- 
nated by  the  Director-General  and  confirmed  by  the  Executive 
Committee  of  the  National  Commission  and  by  the  Executive 
Committee  of  the  Board  of  Directors.  The  requisites  for  nomi- 
nation to  be  distinguished  reputation  for  experience  and  success 
in  the  management  of  great  Expositions. 

I  believe  that  such  a  courtesy  bestowed  upon  the  Directors- 
General  of  the  Philadelphia  Centennial  and  of  the  Paris  Expo- 
sition, and  upon  similar  officers  in  this  and  other  countries, 
would  cause  a  deeper  interest  to  be  taken  by  these  officers  in  the 
success  and  welfare  of  this  Exposition  than  all  the  pecuniary 
emoluments  that  could  be  offered  to  them.  They  have  passed 
through  the  tremendous  mental  and  physical  effort  of  the  man- 
agement of  World's  Expositions,  and  it  is  believed  their  wide 
field  of  information  and  their  varied  experience  could  be  ob- 
tained by  means  of  the  courtesy  proposed. 

RULES   AND   REGULATIONS. 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  the  Classification  is  expected  to  be 
reported  at  this  session  and  given  to  the  public,  I  submit  here-  position 
with  blank  forms,  which  I  have  had  prepared  in  reference  to 
applications  for  space,  with  general  rules  and  regulations  to  be 
printed  on  the  back,  also  circulars  giving  the  general  rules  and 
regulations  for  the  information  of  persons  intending  to  exhibit. 

13 


182  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

One  of  the  circulars  is  specially  framed  for  the  Foreign  Exhib- 
Da/'  itors.  Realizing  the  desire  for  information  in  regard  to  the 
custom  service,  and  what  is  necessary  for  them  to  do  in  order  to 
avoid  petty  annoyances  and  delay,  usually  caused  by  not  having 
the  proper  information,  I  have  had  a  circular  drafted  to  be  sub- 
mitted to  the  Treasury,  and,  after  making  such  changes  as  may 
be  necessary  to  conform  to  the  rulings  of  the  Treasury  Depart- 
ment, he  will  cause  the  same  to  be  issued.  We  can  then  have 
certified  copies  printed  in  circular  form  to  be  forwarded  to  all 
Foreign  Commissioners. 

The  general  rules  are  framed  on  the  supposition  that  awards 
will  be  given.  If  awards  are  not  given,  that  part  referring  to 
awards  can  be  stricken  out. 

These  forms  and  circulars  have  been  prepared  for  the  con- 
sideration of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Commission;  they 
should  also  receive  the  consideration  of  the  Executive  Commit- 
tee of  the  Board  of  Directors,  and  it  is  suggested  that  a  special 
committee  of  two  (2)  from  this  Committee  be  appointed  to  meet 
a  like  committee  of  the  Board  of  Directors  to  pass  upon  the 
same. 

Respectfully  submitted, 
(Signed)  GEORGE  R.  DAVIS, 

Director-  General. 

A  copy  of  a  letter  from  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury, 
addressed  to  Hon.  Chauncey  M.  Depew,  relative  to  the  use  by 
the  Foreign  Affairs  Committee  of  the  appropriation  of  $20,000, 
made  in  Section  12  of  the  Act  of  Congress,  was  considered  by 
the  Committee  and  referred  to  a  sub-committee  consisting  of 
Messrs.  Britton,  Sewell,  and  Thacher,  iur  report  thereon  at  a 
subsequent  meeting  of  the  Committee. 

This  Sub-Committee  has  made  report  to  the  Executive 
Committee  on  the  above  and  the  resolution  adopted  by  the 
Committee,  in  reference  to  the  same,  will  be  laid  before  the 
Commission  in  a  subsequent  report. 

The  foregoing  report  contains  all  matters  of  importance  that 
have  been  considered  by  the  Executive  Committee  since  the  ad- 
journment of  the  last  session  of  the  Commission,  September  23, 
1890,  up  to  and  including  the  meeting  of  the  Executive  Commit- 
tee on  November  17,  1890,  all  of  which  is  respectfully  submitted. 

T.  W.  PALMER, 

Chairman. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  183 

Mr.  Deere,  of  Illinois,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  C las-  Third  ses- 
sion-First 

sification,  submitted  the  following  report,  accompanied   by  the  r 
printed   classification,  a  copy  of  which  was   laid   upon  the  desk 
of  each  member  of  the  Commission. 

Report  of  the  Committee  on  Classification. 

CHICAGO,  111.,  November  18,  1890.          RtKiom- 

Hon.   THOS.    W.  PALMER,    President   World's   Columbian   Com-    classifica- 
tion, 
mission: 

SIR:  The  Committee  on  Classification  beg  to  submit  here- 
with its  report  of  a  system  of  classification  for  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition.  In  preparing  this  report  your  Commit- 
tee has  carefully  examined  the  classifications  used  at  all  the  great 
expositions  previously  held,  and  also  had  the  valuable  counsel 
and  assistance  of  Prof.  G.  Brown  Goode,  of  the  Smithsonian 
Institution,  of  Prof.  William  P.  Blake,  of  Connecticut,  and 
many  others. 

Your  Committee  believes  that  the  departments  and  groups 
of  this  classification  are  sufficiently  comprehensive  to  outline 
the  plan  and  scope  of  the  Exposition. 

The  departments,  groups,  and  classes  have  been  prepared 
with  special  reference  to  convenience  of  installation,  and  to 
secure  the  proximity  of  kindred  exhibits. 

In  view  of  the  great  importance  of  this  subject,  your  Com- 
mittee gave  every  detail  of  the  matter  its  most  careful  consid- 
eration, and  herewith  respectfully  submits  the  result  of  its  labors. 

CHARLES  H.  DEERE,  Chairman,         THOMAS  B.  KEOGH, 

WILLIAM  MCCLELLAND,  Secretary,    CHARLTON  H.  WAY, 

LYMAN  B.  GOEF,  JNO.  D.  MILES, 

MARTIN  RYAN,  H.  P.  PLATT, 

M.  H.  DE  YOUNG,  GEO.  F.  COATS, 

THUS.  L.  WILLIAMS,  A.  S.  MERCER, 

THOMAS  SMITH,  J.  HIRST, 

THOS.  E.  GARVIN. 

The  foregoing  report  of  the  Committee  on  Classification 
was  ordered  to  be  printed  in  the  minutes  and  to  lie  upon  the 
table  for  future  consideration. 

The  Secretary  submitted  a  letter  regarding  the  formalities  to 
be  observed  in  making  out  vouchers  for  expenses  and  subsist- 
ence, which  was  ordered  to  lie  upon  the  table  for  future  consid- 
eration. 


184  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

ses-  Secretary  Dickinson  submitted  the  following  detailed  report 

sion-First 

of  the  expenses  of  the  Commission,  which  was  ordered  printed 
in  the  minutes  and  referred,  with  its  accompanying  exhibits, 
to  the  Auditing  Committee: 

REPORT  OF  THE  SECRETARY. 

CHICAGO,  November  18,   1890. 
(Kep^rtyof    7o  thc  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

Exposes  GENTLEMEN:    Article  Fourteenth   of    the   By-Laws  of  this 

sioli!1"""    Commission  reads  as  follows: 

Reports  of  Disbursements. 

"  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Commission,  and 
of  any  and  all  other  officers  thereof  authorized  or  empowered  to 
certify  any  account  or  voucher  for  expenses  incurred  in  the  work 
of  the  Commission,  to  report  the  same  in  detail,  at  least  once  a 
month,  and  before  the  tenth  day  thereof,  to  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee, and  to  make  detailed  reports  of  the  same  to  this  Commis- 
sion at  each  of  its  stated  or  special  meetings,  and  not  later  than 
the  third  day  of  each  meeting." 

In  compliance  with  the  foregoing  By- Law,  I  have  the  honor 
to  submit  herewith  a  detailed  report  of  all  the  expenses  incurred 
in  the  work  of  this  Commission,  certified  to  by  me  from  the  date 
of  the  organization  of  the  Commission,  June  26,  1890,  to 
November  i,  1890. 

I  also  submit  herewith  a  classification  of  these  expenses  in 
the  form  of  exhibits,  so  far  as  it  is  practicable  to  do  so. 

Exhibit  A  gives  a  list  of  the  vouchers  certified  by  me  between 
the  above  dates,  with  the  name  of  the  payee  and  the  amount. 

Exhibit  B  shows  the  distribution  of  these  amounts  under 
the  heads  of  expenses  of  each  session  of  the  Commission;  of 
each  session  of  the  Executive  Committee,  and  of  the  other 
standing  committees;  the  expenses  of  the  several  offices  of  the 
Commission;  traveling  expenses  of  Commissioners;  subsistence 
of  Commissioners;  contingent  expenses;  furniture  and  fixtures, 
and  printing. 

I  would  call  the  attention  of  the  Commission  to  an  extract 
from  Article  Eighth  of  the  By-Laws  of  the  Commission,  setting 
forth  the  duties  of  the  Secretary,  which  reads  as  follows: 

"He  shall  keep  all  the  accounts  of  the  Commission,  and 
certify  the  same  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  for  payment." 


Minutes  of  the   Third,  Session.  185 

Permit  me  further  to  state  that  the  Secretary  of  the  Treas-  TJJJJJ 
ury  has  issued  a  circular  authorizing  the  Secretary  of  the  Com- 
mission  to  make  this  certification,  and  forwarded  to  my  office  the 
blank  forms  of  vouchers  which  he  directed  to  be  used  for  trans- 
portation and  subsistence  expenses  of  Commissioners,  and  for 
all  contingent  expenses  of  the  Commission,  and  also  blank  forms 
of  pay-rolls  for  compensation  of  officers  and  employes  of  the 
Commission. 

It  is  provided  in  these  blank  forms  that  the  Secretary  of  the 
Commission  shall  certify  these  accounts  to  the  Treasury  Depart- 
ment for  payment.  In  pursuance  of  these  instructions  of  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  and  in  compliance  with  the  By- Laws 
of  the  Commission,  I  have  undertaken  to  perform  this  duty 
according  to  the  most  systematic  methods  adopted  for  keeping 
accounts  in  the  departments  of  the  Government  and  by  large 
corporations,  and  I  believe  that  ultimately  the  economy  and 
system  inaugurated  in  my  department  will  be  thoroughly  recog- 
nized and  approved  by  the  Commission. 

In  conclusion,  it  may  not  be  inappropriate  to  state  that  the 
Auditing  Committee,  of  which  Commissioner  Garvin,  of  Indiana, 
is  Chairman,  are  just  completing  a  thorough  examination  of  all 
the  vouchers  and  accounts  in  the  Secretary's  office,  of  which  the 
accompanying  exhibits  form  an  abstract. 

The  Auditing  Committee  will  make  their  report  to  the  Com- 
mission after  this  report  has  been  referred  to  them,  and  they 
will  embody  in  that  report  the  result  of  their  investigation  of 
the  system  adopted  and  the  manner  in  which  the  accounts  of 
the  Commission  are  kept  in  the  accounting  department  of  the 
Secretary's  office. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be, 

Your  obedient  servant, 

JNO.   T.   DICKINSON, 

Secretary. 

Mr.  McKenzie  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted: 

Resolved,  That  all  resolutions  relating  to  the  question  of 
the  plans  and  location  of  buildings  be  referred  without  debate 
to  the  Standing  Committee  on  Grounds  and  Buildings. 

Mr.  Dickinson  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted: 


186  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third  ses-  Resolved,  That  the  Congressional  World's  Fair  Committee 

sion— First  ; 

Day-  and  the  United  States  Government  Exhibit  Board,  now  in  this 
city,  and  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  and  their  alternates,  and 
the  officers  and  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition 
Association  of  Chicago,  be,  and  they  are  hereby  invited  to  the 
privileges  of  the  floor  of  the  Commission  during  all  sessions  of 
the  Commission,  and  that  the  first  two  rows  of  seats  in  the  gal- 
lery of  the  Council  Chamber  are  hereby  reserved  for  the  use 
of  invited  guests  of  the  parties  above  named  and  of  the  Com- 
missioners. 

Mr.  Mercer,  of  Wyoming,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which,  under  the  resolution  previously  adopted,  was  referred  to 
the  Committee  on  Grounds  and  Buildings: 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  Commission  that  in  sub- 
mitting plans  and' specifications  of  buildings  by  the  World's  Co- 
lumbian Exposition,  such  submission  ought  to  designate  the  site 
and  location  of  each  of  such  buildings;  and,  further,  that  in  the 
judgment  of  this  Commission  no  other  buildings  should  be 
located  on  the  Lake  Front  than  the  following: 

A  Fine  Art  Building,  to  be  located  on  the  Lake  Front. 

All  other  buildings  shall  be  located  on  Washington  Park,  the 
Midway  Plaisance,  and  Jackson  Park,  the  main  groups  of  build- 
ings to  be  located  on  Washington  Park;  the  improved  part  of  Jack- 
son Park  and  the  Midway  Plaisance  to  be  used  as  approaches 
to  the  main  exhibition  on  Washington  Park. 

Resolved,  further,  That  the  Directors  of  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Exposition  be  requested  to  report  plans  in  harmony  with  the 
above  resolution,  on  or  before  November  21,  1890,  unless  they 
desire  this  Commission  to  report  to  the  President  that  Chicago 
fails  to  offer  a  suitable  site  and  the  necessary  buildings. 

Mr.  de  Young,  of  California,  offered  the  following  resolu- 
tion, which  was  ordered  to  lie  upon  the  table  and  be  printed  for 
information: 

WHEREAS,  The  proposition  for  a  double  site  is  repugnant  to 
the  experienced  judgment  and  business  sense  of  the  entire 
world,  and  this  Commission  has  been  imposed  upon  by  misrepre- 
sentations on  the  part  of  certain  members  of  the  Chicago 
Directory,  said  misrepresentations  being  that  they  only  desired 
to  place  the  Fine  Art  Building  and  a  gate-way  to  the  main 


Minutes  of  the    Third  Session.  187 

Exposition  on  the  Lake  Front,  in  contradiction  to  which  they 
have  shown  their  intentions  at  a  recent  meeting  by  the  passage  I)n>'- 
of  a  resolution  fixing  nine  different  features  and  eight  buildings 
on  the  said  Lake  Front,  and  have  also  attempted  to  let  the 
contracts  for  said  buildings  before  this  Commission  should 
assemble  again;  while  they  have  temporarily  rescinded  that 
action,  at  the  request  of  their  President,  the  National  Commis- 
sion feel  that  they  have  been  imposed  upon  and  may  be  imposed 
upon  again;  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  action  of  this  Commission  in  accepting 
the  various  sites  offered  them  was  contrary  to  the  spirit  of  the 
law  directing  them  to  accept  a  site;  that  such  action  is  hereby 
rescinded,  and  that  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  be  requested  to  immediately  furnish  this 
Commission  with  a  site  where  the  Exposition  can  be  held  as 
one  exhibit. 

Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  offered  the  following  resolu- 
tion, which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  when  this  Commission  adjourns  it  adjourn 
to  meet  to-morrow  morning  at  10  o'clock,  to  sit  until  12.30,  at 
which  time  recess  shall  be  taken  until  2  o'clock  p.  M.  The  Com- 
mission shall  reassemble  at  2  o'clock  and  adjourn  at  4  o'clock 
p.  M.,  and  so  continue  during  the  present  session. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  until  10  o'clock  Wednes- 
day morning. 


Third  Session— Second  Day,  Wednesday, 
November  19,  1890. 

The  Commission  met  in  the  Council  Chamber,  City  Hall,  TSJg" 
Chicago,   at   10  o'clock   A.   M.     President    Palmer   in    the  chair. 
The    roll    was  called,    and    the    following    Commissioners    and 
Alternates  were  present: 

COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE.— California,    M.    L.   McDonald  ;  noii-eaii. 
Massachusetts,  A.  G.  Bullock;  Michigan,  T.  W.  Palmer;  Nebraska, 
R.  W.  Furnas,  alternate;   New  York,  G.  W.  Allen. 


188  World? s  Columbian   Commission. 

Teion-Ssee8c  COMMISSIONERS     OF     THE     DISTRICT     OF    COLUMBIA. A.     T. 

ondnDayC    Britton>  D   Clagett>  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  STATES. — Alabama,  G.  L.  Werth, 
alternate;  Arkansas,  J.  D.  Adams,  T.  H.  Leslie,  alternate; 
California,  M.  H.  de  Young,  W.  Forsyth;  Colorado,  R.  E. 
Goodell,  F.  J.  V.  Skiff;  Connecticut,  L.  Brainard,  T.  M.  Waller; 
Delaware,  G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H.  Porter;  Florida,'}.  Hirst,  R.  Turn- 
bull;  Georgia,  L.  McLaws,  C.H.  Way;  Idaho,  J.E.  Stearns;  Illinois, 

C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T.  E  wing-Indiana,  T.  E.  Garvin,  E.  B.  Martindale; 
Iowa,  W.  F.  King,  J.  Eiboeck,  alternate;  Kansas,  C.  K.  Holliday, 
Jr.,  R.  R.  Price;  Kentucky,  J.  Bennett,  J.  A.  McKenzic;  Louisiana, 

D.  B.  Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate;  Maine,  A.  R.  Bixby,  C.  S. 
Edwards,  alternate;  Maryland,  J.  Hodges,  L.  Lowndes;  Massachu- 
setts, F.  W.  Breed;  Michigan,  M.  H.  Lane,  C.  H.  Richmond;  Min- 
nesota, M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V.  Tousley;  Mississippi,  J.  M.  Bynum, 
R.  L.  Saunders;  Missouri,  T.  B.  Bullene;  Montana,  A.  H.  Mitchell; 
Nebraska,  Euclid  Martin,   A.  G.   Scott;  Nevada,  J.  W.   Haines, 
G.  Russell;  New  Hampshire,   W.  Aiken,  F.   E.  Kaley,  alternate; 
New  Jersey,  W.  J.  Sewell,  T.  Smith;   New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher, 
J.  H.  Breslin,  alternate;   North  Carolina,  T.  B.  Keogh;   North 
Dakota,  H.  P.  Rucker,  M.  Ryan;  Ohio,  H.  P.  Platt,  W.  Ritchie; 
Oregon,  H.  Klippel,   M.  Wilkins;   Pennsylvania,  W.  McClelland, 
J.  W.  Woodside;   Rhode  Island,   L.    B.  Goff,  G.  C.   Sims;  South 
Carolina,  J.  R.  Cochran,  E.  L.  Roche,  alternate;  South  Dakota, 
S.  A.  Ramsey,   L.   S.  Bullard,  alternates;  Tennessee,  T.  L.  Will- 
iams,  R.  Strong,  alternate;  Texas,  J.  T.    Dickinson;  Vermont, 
A.    F.  Walker,    H.  Atkins,   alternates;  Virginia,   V.   D.    Groner, 
J.  T.  Harris;  Washington,   H.  Drum, -C.   B.   Hopkins;  West  Vir- 
ginia, J.  D.  Butt,  J.  W.  St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,   P.   Allen,  Jr.,  J.  L. 
Mitchell;  Wyoming,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  TERRITORIES. — Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats ; 
New  Mexico,  R.  M.  White,  L.  C.  Tetard,  alternate;  Oklahoma, 
O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah,  F.  J.  Kiesel,  P.  H.  Lannan. 

Mr.  Grorier,  of  Virginia,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Tariffs  and  Transportation,  submitted  the  following  report, 
which  was  ordered  to  be  printed  and  lie  upon  the  table  for 
future  consideration: 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  189 

REPORT  OF  THE  COMMITTEE  ON  TARIFFS  AND  TRANSPORTATION.  Report  of 

the  Com- 

Hon.  THOMAS  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Com-   Tariffs  a°nd 

Trans  per- 
mission, Chicago,  111.: 

SIR:  Your  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation  have 
the  honor  to  present  the  following  report : 

Immediately  after  your  announcing  the  members  of  this 
Committee,  they  met  in  the  Pullman  Building,  in  Chicago,  and 
organized,  electing  Hon.  H.  P.  Rucker,  of  North  Dakota,  as 
Secretary.  After  passing  resolutions  authorizing  its  Chairman 
to  appoint  sub-committees  and  to  employ  such  clerical  force  as 
was  necessary  to  conduct  the  business  of  the  Committee,  ad- 
journed subject  to  the  call  of  its  Chairman,  with  the  understand- 
ing that  the  Chairman  would  immediately  correspond  with  such 
departments  of  the  Government  and  such  railroad  managers  as 
would  give  this  Committee  all  the  preliminary  information  neces- 
sary to  make  reports  to  the  Commission  concerning  matters  of 
transportation  sufficiently  far  in  advance  of  the  holding  of  the 
Exposition  to  enable  exhibitors  (both  in  this  country  and 
foreign  countries)  to  know  exactly  the  cost  of  transportation  of 
their  exhibits  to  and  from  the  Exposition.  While  in  the  active 
discharge  of  these  duties  the  Chairman  of  this  Committee 
received  a  communication  (addressed  to  him  as  Commissioner) 
from  the  Director-General,  notifying  this  Committee  of  the  ap- 
pointment of  a  Traffic  Manager  in  charge  of  a  "  Bureau  of 
Transportation,"  and  inclosing  a  letter  of  appointment  to  this 
gentleman,  which  clearly  superseded  all  the  power  and  authority 
of  this  Committee,  and  the  correspondence  upon  this  subject  has 
been  made  a  part  of  this  report.  The  following  is  the  letter  of 
the  Director-General  dated  October  nth,  also  copy  of  letter  of 
the  same  date  written  by  the  Director-General  to  the  gentleman 
appointed: 

OFFICE  OF  THE  DIRECTOR-GENERAL,  WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN 
EXPOSITION. 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  October  n,  1890. 
Hon.  VIRGINIUS  D.  GRONER,  Commissioner,  Norfolk,  Va.: 

DEAR  GENERAL-  I  have  the  honor  to  state  that  I  have  ap- 
pointed Mr.  E.  E.  Jaycox  Traffic  Manager,  and  have  assigned 
him  to  duty  as  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Transportation. 

Mr.  Jaycox  is  familiar  with  the  duties  of  such  a  position, 
having  been  in  the  railroad  service  here  for  many  years.  The 


190  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

railroad  officials  of  this  city  generally  indorse  him,  and  as  the 
ond  Day.  emergency  was  such  that  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Local 
Corporation  unanimously  requested  the  appointment  and  made 
provision  for  his  salary  and  expenses,  I  deemed  it  wise  to  make 
the  appointment. 

I  would  be  glad  to  receive  any  information,  advice,  or  sug- 
gestions relative  to  the  Bureau  or  its  business  that  you  would  be 
pleased  to  make. 

I  inclose  copy  of  the  appointment  for  your  information. 

Very  truly  yours, 

GEO.  R.  DAVIS. 

OFFICE  OF  THE  DIRECTOR-GENERAL,  WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN 
EXPOSITION. 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  October  n,  1890. 
Mr.  ELBERT  E.  JAYCOX,  Chicago,  111.: 

SIR:  You  are  hereby  appointed  Traffic  Manager  for  the 
Exposition,  and  assigned  to  duty  as  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of 
Transportation,  reporting  to  this  office. 

All  orders,  circulars,  correspondence,  and  business  of  the 
Bureau  will  be  transacted  in  the  name  of  the  Director-General, 
by  you  as  Chief  of  the  Bureau  of  Transportation. 

The  officers,  Executive  Committees,  and  the  Committees 
on  Transportation  of  the  Commission  and  of  the  Corporation 
will  be  requested  to  communicate  with  the  Bureau  through  the 
office  of  the  Director-General. 

Requisitions  for  employment  of  help,  for  supplies  and  ma- 
terial involving  an  expenditure  of  money,  will  be  made  upon  this 
office  to  the  end  that  such  expenditure  may  be  authorized  by  the 
Commission  or  the  Corporation  before  the  expense  is  incurred. 

Your  compensation  will  be  at  the  rate  of  five  thousand  dol- 
lars per  annum,  and  will  be  paid  by  the  Corporation  upon  certifi- 
cate of  service  from  this  office. 

Respectfully, 
(Signed)  GEO.  R.  DAVIS, 

Director-  General. 

These  communications  were  received  at  Norfolk  on  the 
evening  of  October  the  i5th.  On  the  next  clay  a  telegram  of 
protest  was  sent  to  the  Director-General,  which  was  confirmed  by 
a  letter  addressed  to  him  the  same  date  by  the  Chairman  of  this 
Committee — a  copy  of  which  is  herewith  appended: 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  191 

OFFICE  COMMITTEE  ON  TARIFFS  AND  TRANSPORTATION,       Third  ses- 
sion—SBC- 
WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN  EXPOSITION.  ond  D&y- 

NORFOLK,  VA.,  October  16,  1890. 

Hon.    GEO.    R.    DAVIS,    Director-General    World's    Columbian 
Exposition,  Pullman  Building,  Chicago: 

DEAR  SIR:  Your  letter  of  the  nth  inst.  reached  me  last 
night.  This  morning  I  send  you  the  following  telegram: 
"Your  letter  of  the  nth  received.  The  National  Commission 
has  authorized  the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation  to 
take  charge  of  that  portion  of  the  business  in  their  name.  ^1 
protest  against  the  assignment  of  the  traffic  management  as  far 
as  the  National  Commission  is  concerned." 

I  must  say  that  I  am  surprised  that  this  action  on  your  part 
was  taken  without  first  conferring  with  the  Committee  on  Tariffs 
and  Transportation.  In  your  letter  to  Mr.  Jaycox,  a  copy  of 
which  you  send  me,  you  informed  him  that  he  was  appointed 
Traffic  Manager  in  charge  of  Bureau  of  Transportation.  By 
this  action  you  would  make  the  gentleman  supersede  the  Com- 
mittee and  its  Chairman  appointed  by  the  National  Commission. 
1  do  not  propose  to  be  factious,  nor  do  I  desire  to  claim  author- 
ity which  should  not  properly  belong  to  the  Committee,  but  I  do 
not  propose  to  yield  those  duties  and  privileges  conferred  by  the 
National  Commission;  and  I  propose  to  discharge  all  its  require- 
ments at  the  least  possible  expense,  without  regard  to  the  action 
of  the  Local  Corporation  or  yourself.  I  was  only  waiting  for 
the  authority  to  employ  a  stenographer  to  put  this  Committee  in 
communication  with  all  the  transportation  interests  of  this  coun- 
try, and  the  lines  of  steamships  running  out  of  foreign  ports 
whose  countries  desire  to  make  exhibits. 

I  was  appointed  Chairman  of  this  Committee,  so  I  was  in- 
formed by  President  Palmer,  on  account  of  my  peculiar  fitness 
and  ability  as  a  transportation  expert,  and  the  Committee  was 
selected  with  same  view.  I  would  refer  you  to  him  for  further 
information  upon  this  question. 

I  had  intended  to  communicate  at  the  earliest  possible  mo- 
ment with  the  Local  Corporation,  requesting  a  conference  of  our 
Committee,  at  which  we  had  hoped  to  have  the  pleasure  of  your 
presence  in  aiding  us  to  a  conclusion,  which  might  have  pre- 
vented a  conflict  of  authority  and  greater  economy.  It  seems  to 
me  that  this  would  have  been  the  better  plan  of  procedure  for  the 
success  of  the  Exposition.  I  regret  exceedingly  that  this  course 
was  not  followed.  My  action  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee 


192  World's  Columbian  Commission. 


T?ion-Sseesc-  on  Ti^68  and  Local  Facilities  must  have  clearly  demonstrated  my 
desire  to  occupy  a  conservative  position  as  between  the  Local 
Corporation  and  the  National  Commission.  I  will  do  much  to 
harmonize  conflicting  elements  for  the  success  of  the  Exposition. 
The  Commission,  by  the  adoption  of  its  By-Laws,  gives  to  its  stand- 
ing committees  full  power  and  control  over  the  business  which 
properly  belongs  to  those  committees.  Changes  in  this  direction 
can  only  be  made  by  the  action  of  the  Commission  and  the  altera- 
tion of  those  By-Laws.  It  certainly  is  not  in  the  province  of  the 
Director-General,  nor  was  it  ever  intended  that  the  Local  Organ- 
ization should  arbitrarily  and  summarily  take  such  action  as  that 
noted  by  your  communication.  I  have  but  an  imperfect  copy  of 
the  proceedings  of  the  last  few  days  of  the  Commission,  but  I 
see  that  a  resolution  was  adopted  conferring  authority  on  the 
Director-General  to  sit  with  these  different  committees,  and  also 
making  provision  for  conference  between  the  committees  of  the 
National  Commission  and  that  of  the  Local  Organization.  It  was 
therefore  clearly  the  purpose  of  the  Commission  that  no  such 
power  as  you  have  attempted  to  exercise,  should  be  authorized, 
the  several  standing  committees  having  the  authority  to  organize 
for  the  particular  business  pertaining  to  their  special  duties.  1 
therefore  protest,  in  the  name  of  the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and 
Transportation,  against  the  appointment  of  the  Traffic  Manager, 
as  an  officer  of  the  National  Commission,  and  at  the  head  of  the 
Bureau  of  this  Committee.  I  hope  you  will  see  the  propriety  of 
it  at  once,  informing  Mr.  Jaycox  that  his  employment  is  by  the 
Local  Organization  only. 

In  conclusion,  I  desire  to  call  your  attention  to  that  portion 
of  your  letter  which  invites  individual  Commissioners  to  an  ap- 
proval of  your  policy  as  unfair  to  this  Committee,  they  not 
having  an  opportunity  of  expressing  their  views  to  the  individual 
Commissioners.  Whilst  I  do  not  charge  this  to  be  your  intention, 
it  will  have  that  effect  unless  you  relieve  them  of  any  committal 
they  may  make  upon  this  subject  prior  to  having  received  com- 
munication from  this  Committee.  If  the  Director-General  is 
permitted  in  this  case  to  have  the  authority  he  claims  in  this 
appointment,  it  will  be  but  a  short  time  before  the  whole  power 
of  the  Commission  is  centralized,  and  there  will  be  no  necessity 
either  for  Committees  or  Commission.  I  do  not  wish  to  be  mis- 
understood on  this  point.  I  am  inclined  to  give  the  Director- 
General  what  power  he  should  properly  possess,  and  strengthen 
his  hand  in  every  possible  way. 


Minutes  of  tTie   Third  Session.  193 

While  there  is  much  due  him,  there  is  something  due  the 
Committees  of  the  National  Board,  and  there  is  no  reason  why 
the  authority  should  conflict.  If  the  policy  enunciated  by  the 
Commission  is  carried  out,  I  have  every  reason  to  believe  that 
all  matters  affecting  the  Local  Organization,  and  also  any  mat- 
ters between  the  Director-General  and  the  National  Board,  can 
be  satisfactorily  adjusted  without  trenching  on  rights  provided 
for  any  interests  involved. 

There  has  already  been  too  much  bickering.  Those  who 
are  looking  to  the  true  interests  of  success  can  but  deprecate 
any  issues  that  are  brought  about  by  the  assignment  of  the 
Traffic  Manager. 

I  will  call  the  Committee  together  at  Chicago  some  few 
days  prior  to  the  meeting  of  the  Commission  in  November,  when 
we  will  be  glad  to  confer  with  you  and  the  Local  Management, 
and  adjust  all  differences. 

Until  a  settlement  is  reached,  I  hope  you  will  inform  Mr. 
Jaycox  that  he  is  acting  in  the  capacity  for  the  Local  Manage- 
ment, and  not  for  the  National  Commission. 

Yours  very  truly, 
(Signed)  V.  D.  GRONER, 

Chairman  Committee  on-  Tariffs  and  Transportation. 

The  Chairman  of  this  Committee  also  sent  the  following  tel- 
egram to  President  Palmer  : 

"  Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commission, 

Chicago: 

"  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation  protest  against 
the  appointment  of  Traffic  Manager  by  the  Director-General  anc 
Local  Board.  We  ask  the  Executive  Committee  to  defer  action 
until  Committee  on  Transportation  can  be  heard.  Local  Board, 
of  course,  has  the  right  to  appoint  whatever  officers  they  please, 
but  they  should  not  be  made  officers  of  the  National  Commission, 
even  though  approved  by  Director-General,  without  first  letting 
Committee  have  some  option  in  the  matter. 

(Signed)  "  V.  D.  GRONER, 

"  Chairman    Committee   on    Tariffs    and    Transportation,    World's 

Columbian  Exposition;  ' 

and  sent  still  another  telegram  to  the  Hon.  Euclid  Martin, 
who  was  a  member  both  of  the  Executive  Committee  and  the 
Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation.  The  minutes  of  the 
Executive  Committee  from  September  iyth  (See  page  64  of  the 


194  World?  s  Columbian  Commission. 


Ts/on-sseesc  "  Offi0^  Minutes  of  the  Executive  Committee  "  ),  notwithstand- 
ond  Day.  ing  this  protest,  show  that  that  Committee  disregarded  the  re- 
quest of  the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation  to  defer 
this  matter  until  the  meeting  of  the  Commission,  but  it  permitted 
Mr.  Euclid^  Martin  to  spread  upon  its  records  his  protest,  as  fol- 
lows : 

"  I  protest  against  the  adoption  of  so  much  of  the  report  of 
the  Director-General  as  refers  to  the  confirmation  by  the  Execu- 
tive Committee  of  his  appointment  of  E.  E.  Jaycox  as  Traffic 
Manager;  not  that  I,  in  any  manner,  question  the  qualifications 
of  Mr.  Jaycox  for  filling  the  position,  but  for  the  following  reasons: 

"  First.  That  the  appointment  of  a  Traffic  Manager  by  the 
Director-General,  without  consultation  with  either  the  Chairman 
of  or  the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation,  is  contrary 
to  the  plan  of  the  organization  of  the  World's  Columbian  Com-, 
mission  as  outlined  by  its  action  at  the  meetings  held  in  this 
city  in  June  and  September,  at  which  times  the  principle  was 
clearly  established  that  the  -work  of  conducting  the  Exposition, 
and  the  responsibility  of  same,  was  in  the  hands  of  the  Commis- 
sion through  its  various  Committees: 

"  Second.  For  the  reason  that  there  was  no  such  exigency 
existing  as  would  warrant  an  exception  being  made  of  this  particu- 
lar position,  and  that  the  selection  at  this  time  of  a  Traffic  Man- 
ager, before  the  organization  of  the  bureau  which  he  is  to  serve, 
has  the  appearance  of  making  an  exception,  and  can  not  but  be 
construed  as  lacking  in  courtesy  to  the  Committee  on  Tariffs 
and  Transportation. 

(Signed)  "  EUCLID  MARTIN, 

"Member  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation." 

On  the  3ist  of  October  this  Committee,  through  its  Chair- 
man, received  a  communication  from  the  Director-General  in  an- 
swer to  the  protests  they  had  made.  This  communication  is 
herewith  attached: 

OFFICE  OF  THE  DIRECTOR-GENERAL,  WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN 
EXPOSITION. 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  October  27,  1890. 
Hon.  V.  D.  GRONER,  Chairman  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Trans- 

portation, Norfolk,  Va.: 

MY  DEAR  SIR:  I  am  in  receipt  of  your  telegram  of  the  i6th 
inst.,  and  also  of  your  letter  of  same  date,  relative  to  the 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  195 

Appointment  of  Traffic   Manager  for  the  Exposition.     Pressing  Third  ses- 

, .  sion— sec- 

engagements  have  prevented  an  earlier  acknowledgment.  «nd  Day. 

As  I  stated  in  my  communication  to  you  of  the  nth  inst.,  I 
believed  that  a  necessity  existed  for  some  action  on  the  part  of 
the  Commission,  and  it  was  believed  by  me  that  the  Commission 
had  conferred  sufficient  authority  upon  this  office  to  take  such 
action,  if  the  emergency  demarided  it,  subject  to  the  approval  of 
the  Executive  Committee. 

The  Chairman  of  the  Committee  was  not  here  and  the 
Committee  had  not  met  to  my  knowledge,  and  I  was  informed 
did  not  propose  to  meet  until  the  middle  of  November. 

The  suggestion  you  raise  that  the  Local  Corporation  could 
appoint  such  officers,  if  it  wished,  was  the  point  upon  which  this 
issue  came  to  my  notice.  The  Local  Board,  by  one  of  its  Stand- 
ing Committees,  did  appoint,  as  far  as  it  could,  Mr.  Jaycox  as 
Traffic  Manager  for  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  (this  is 
the  name  under  which  the  Local  Board  is  incorporated),  and  I 
was  officially  notified  to  that  effect.  To  this  I  made  protest  in 
the  name  of  the  National  Commission,  as  its  Executive  Officer, 
an,d  claimed  that  dual  heads  of  departments  could  not  be  ap- 
pointed without  jeopardizing  the  best  interests  of  the  Exposi- 
tion; that  the  Commission  through  its  proper  officers  should 
make  such  appointments. 

The  Local  Corporation  then  proceeded  in  the  line  sug- 
gested, made  the  necessary  record  for  the  payment  of  a  Traffic 
Manager,  and  for  the  incidental  expenses  of  his  office,  and  di- 
rected by  a  vote  of  its  full  board  that  Mr.  Jaycox  be  recom- 
mended to  the  Director-General  for  appointment.  The  Local 
Corporation  on  the  gth  of  September  authorized  the  appointment 
of  a  Traffic  Manager.  It  was  at  that  time  deemed  Necessary  by 
said  Corporation,  but  the  work  was  not  commenced  as  contem- 
plated, and  hence  the  delay. 

I  doubt  the  desirability  and  the  practicability  of  your  sugges- 
tion, "the  Local  Management  can  appoint  whatever  officers 
they  may  desire."  I  believe  it  to  be  much  to  the  interest  of  the 
Exposition  that  these  officers  be  appointed  by  the  proper  officers 
of  the  Commission. 

It  was  represented  that  such  an  officer  was  required  imme- 
diately. The  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation  was  dis- 
tributed through  sixteen  States;  would  not  assemble  until  middle 
of  November.  I  deemed  it  wise  and  in  the  interest  of  the  Expo- 


196  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Tsion-seec   s^^on  to  make  this  appointment,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the 
Executive  Committee. 

If  authority  is  not  vested  in  the  Director-General  to  act  in 
an  emergency  for  the  Commission,  it  ought  to  be. 

Mr.  Jaycox  was  appointed  Traffic  Manager  for  the  Exposi- 
tion, and  assigned  to  duty  as  Chief  of  the  Bureau. 

I  wish  to  disclaim  any  attention  of  ignoring  you  or  your 
Committee,  also  of  any  personal  interest  in  the  appointment. 

On  the  day  of  the  appointment  I  directed  a  communication 
to  you  upon  the  subject  and  forwarded  copy  of  the  letter  of 
appointment.  In  the  hurry  of  my  work  I  neglected  to  address 
you  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee,  to  which  you  call  my  atten- 
tion. That  was  an  oversight,  for  the  letter  was  intended  for 
the  Chairman,  and  no  other  member  of  the  Committee  was  com- 
municated with. 

Very  truly  yours, 

GEO.  R.  DAVIS,  Director-General. 

The  Chairman  of  this  Committee  deemed  it  best  to  defer 
further  correspondence  regarding  this  matter  until  'he  could  lay 
all  the  information  before  his  Committee,  which  was  to  meet  in 
Chicago  on  the  iyth  of  November.  At  this  meeting  this  Com- 
mittee indited  a  communication  to  the  Director-General,  which 
sets  forth  some  of  the  work  accomplished  by  the  Committee  on 
Tariffs  and  Transportation.  They  also  passed  resolutions 
regarding  the  action  of  the  Director-General  in  appointing  the 
Traffic  Manager.  You  will  find  a  copy  of  the  communication 
and  resolutions,  above  referred  to,  next  attached: 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  17,  1890. 

Hon.  GEORGE  R.  DAVIS,  Director-General  World's    Columbian 
Exposition,  Chicago,  111.: 

MY  DEAR  SIR:  Your  letter  of  October  27th,  in  answer  to 
my  communication  of  October  i6th,  reached  me  in  due  time,  but 
inasmuch  as  the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation  would 
meet  at  a  very  early  date,  I  deferred  answering  until  I  referred 
your  letter  to  the  Committee,  that  I  might  officially  express  their 
views  upon  the  question  contained  in  your  communication. 
However,  before  proceeding  I  desire  to  state  some  of  the  work 
this  Committee  has  performed  in  the  discharge  of  what  they  con- 
ceived to  be  their  duty  under  the  authority  of  the  National  Com- 
mission. 

Article  10  of  the  By-Laws,  relating  to  Standing  Commit- 
tees, says: 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  197 

"  Committee  on  Tariffs  and   Transportation,  consisting:   of  Third  ses- 
sion—sec- 
sixteen  Commissioners,  shall  have  consideration  of  all  matters 

relating  to  tariffs,  bonding  and  releasing  of  goods,  and  the 
transportation  of  goods  that  may  be  referred  to  them  by  the 
National  Commission,  in  conjunction  with  such  officers  of  the 
Treasury  as  may  be  appointed." 

The  foregoing  clearly  defines  the  authority  and  power  of 
the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation.  This  Committee, 
deeming  the  question  of  "bonding  and  releasing  of  goods" 
one  of  the  most  important  to  be  solved,  at  the  earliest  possible 
date  proceeded  to  communicate  with  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury,  and  its  Chairman  personally  waited  upon  Secretary 
Windom,  to  learn  how  far  the  Act  of  Congress  establishing  this 
Commission  authorized  assistance  from  that  department  of  the 
Government  as  to  this  very  important  question,  which  had  cost 
the  Philadelphia  Centennial  Exposition  (as  I  have  learned)  much 
trouble  and  delay.  The  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  met  the 
Chairman  of  this  Committee,  and  at  once  directed  one  of  the 
principal  officers  of  his  department  to  examine  the  legal  aspects 
of  the  question  and  to  give  this  Committee  early  information 
upon  this  point,  and  he  (the  Secretary)  expressed  a  desire  to  do 
all  in  his  power  to  aid  the  Committee  and  the  Exposition.  He 
said  if  the  Act  of  Congress  did  not  sufficiently  cover  the  wants 
and  desires  of  the  Commission  that  recommendations  would  be 
made  at  the  next  meeting  of  Congress  for  further  required 
legislation. 

The  Chairman  of  this  Committee  had  communicated  with 
the  Inter-State  Commission  concerning  the  rights  of  railroads  to 
transport  exhibits  at  greatly  reduced  rates  without  discriminating 
against  other  consignees  over  the  same  lines  of  roads.  The 
Inter-State  Commission  referred  this  Committee  to  Section  22 
of  "An  Act  to  Regulate  Commerce,"  which  says:  "  Nothing  in 
this  act  shall  prevent  the  carriage,  storage,  or  handling  of 
property  free,  or  at  reduced  rates,  for  the  United  States,  State, 
or  Municipal  Governments,  or  for  charitable  purposes,  or  to  or 
from  fairs,  expositions  for  exhibition  thereat,  etc." 

The  Inter-State  Commissioners  were  clearly  of  the  opinion 
that  this  act  permitted  railroads  to  give  schedules  of  rates  Ion:; 
enough  in  advance  of  the  Exposition  for  every  exhibitor,  both  in 
this  country  and  in  foreign  countries,  to  know  at  least  a  year 
ahead  of  thfe  Exposition  what  the  cost  of  transportation  would 

14 


198  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Tsion-leec  ^e  to  their  exhibits.  At  such  time  as  was  proper,  this  Committee 
ondDay.  WOuld  have  communicated  with  the  State  Department  with  a 
view  of  asking  the  aid  of  foreign  Consulates  in  disseminating 
this  traffic  information.  We  had  also  communicated  with  the 
Inter-State  Commission  as  to  the  right  of  railroads  to  grant  to 
the  Commission,  or  to  the  Committees  (and  more  especially  to 
those  connected  with  the  charge  of  transportation),  free  annual 
tickets  or  passes,  with  a  view  to  saving  the  Government  traveling 
expenses.  They  had  received  in  reply  a  letter  from  Commissioner 
Bragg  (who  had  consulted  with  Judge  Cooley,  its  Chairman,  and 
other  Commissioners)  to  the  effect  that  the  present  law  would 
not  permit  an  action  of  this  kind  on  the  part  of  the  railroads,  but 
that  they  would  recommend  advising  a  joint  act  of  Congress  au- 
thorizing this  power.  This  was  done  after  consulting  with  several 
trunk  line  presidents,  who  were  willing  and  desirous  of  extend- 
ing courtesies  in  this  direction. 

We  had  communicated  with  the  Postmaster-General,  who 
had  referred  the  communication  to  his  legal  adviser  to  learn  if 
the  Commissioners  were  such  officers  of  the  Government  as 
would  enable  them  to  avail  themselves  of  the  cheaper  rates  of 
telegraphing  enjoyed  by  other  officers  of  the  Government, 
thereby  saving  the  Government  all  the  expense  in  this  direction 
that  was  possible.  All  this  was  clone  without  one  dollar  of 
expense  to  the  Government. 

The  Sub-Committees  of  this  Committee,  in  their  respective 
localities,  without  cost  or  expense,  had  communicated  with  rail- 
road managers,  and  the  work  of  the  Committee  was  steadily 
progressing  in  the  most  satisfactory  manner;  in  fact,  everything 
had  been  done  by  this  Committee  that  could  have  been  accom- 
plished at  this  early  date. 

Now,  a  controversy  having  arisen  in  reference  to  the 
appointment  of  a  Traffic  Manager  by  you,  I  called  a  special 
meeting  of  the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation,  in 
order  to  lay  before  them  the  entire  matter,  which  was  done  and 
taken  up  with  the  regular  business  on  the  iyth  day  of  Novem- 
ber, 1890,  and  the  sense  of  the  Committee  resolved  itself  into  the 
following  resolutions,  which  I  take  pleasure  in  submitting. 

V.  D.  GRONER,  Chairman. 

Resolved,  That  the  following  resolutions  express  the  senti- 
ment of  the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation  regard- 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  199 

ing  the  assumption  of  authority  by    Director-General   Davis  in  Third ^es- 
his  appointment  of  a  Traffic  Manager.  ond  Dfty- 

That  Article  Nine  of  the  By-Laws,  as  amended,  on  page  133 
of  the  Official  Manual  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission, 
which  reads  as  follows: 

"It  shall  also  be  his  duty  (the  Director-General's)  and  privi- 
lege to  attend  all  meetings  of  any  of  the  Standing  Committees 
for  the  purpose  of  suggestion  and  conference,  and  to  the  end 
that  all  the  agencies  of  the  Commission  may  be  rendered  more 
efficient," 

clearly  defines  what  should  have  been  the  action  of  the  Director- 
General  ;  therefore  the  Director-General,  in  creating  the  office  of 
Traffic  Manager,  assumed  powers  which  he  did  not  possess. 

Resolved,  That  Article  Ten,  page  159  of  the  Official  Manual 
of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  showing  the  powers  of 
the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation,  which  reads  as 
follows: 

"Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation,  consisting  of 
sixteen  members,  which  shall  have  consideration  of  all  matters 
relating  to  tariffs,  bonding  and  releasing  of  goods,  and  the  trans- 
portation of  goods  that  may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  National 
Commission,  in  conjunction  with  such  officers  of  the  Treasury 
as  may  be  appointed," 

gives  the  same  clear  and  explicit  definition  of  the  power  and 
authority  of  the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation. 

Resolved,  That  in  making  this  issue  the  Director-General  is 
establishing  a  precedent  which  would  be  disastrous  to  the  Ex- 
position, make  its  success  problematical,  and  result  in  the  cen- 
tralization of  power  in  the  Local  Organization,  which  is  mani- 
festly contrary  to  the  spirit,  intents,  and  purposes  of  the  Act 
creating  this  Commission. 

Resolved,  That  we  firmly  and  positively  protest  against  this 
assumption  of  power  and  authority  on  the  part  of  the  Director- 
General  and  Local  Board. 

Resolved,  That  in  the  event  of  the  Commission  sitting  in 
session  and  officially  indorsing  the  act  of  the  Director-General, 
the  effect  will  be  the  absorption  of  the  functions  of  this  Com- 
mittee by  the  Local  Board,  thereby  making  the  existence  of  the 
Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation  unnecessary. 

Resolved,  That,  while  regretting  the  necessity  which  compels 
us  to  express  ourselves  in  so  positive  a  manner,  we  do  not  see 
that  there  is  any  other  course  left  open  to  us  consistent  with  the 


200  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

dignity  of  the  position  we  occupy  as  members  of  the  World's 
ond  Day.  Columbian  Commission. 

(Signed)  V.  D.  GRONER,  Chairman, 

H.  P.  RUCKER,  Secretary, 
JNO.  D.  ADAMS, 
LEWIS  C.  TETARD, 
M.  H.  LANE, 
J.  W.  RAINES, 
LLOYD  LOWNDES, 
WALTER  AIKEN, 
GARDINER  C.  SIMS, 
EUCLID  MARTIN, 
L.  BRAINARD, 

And  letters  from  A.  B.  Andrews  and  O.  R.  Hundley  indors- 
ing the  action  of  this  Committee. 

Mr.  Mercer,  of  Wyoming,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  referred,  under  the  rule,  to  the  Committee  on  Judi- 
ciary, Rules,  and  By-Laws: 

Resolved,  That  a  standing  committee,  to  consist  of  six  mem- 
bers, be  appointed,  to  be  known  as  the  Committee  on  Music. 

Mr.  de  Young,  of  California,  offered  the  following  resolu- 
tion, which  was  referred,  under  the  rule,  to  the  Committee  on 
Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws: 

Resolved,    That    a    Committee    of    six    Commissioners    be 
appointed   by  the   President,   to  be   known  as  the  Committee  of 
the  Press  and  Advertising.     The  duties  of  the   said   Committee 
shall  be   the   organization   of   a  Bureau   to   take  charge  of  the 
advertising  of  the  Exposition  and  all  dealings  with  the  Press. 
(Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  in  the  chair.) 
Mr.  Mercer,  at  the  request  of  the  Board  of  Agriculture  of 
the  State  of   Illinois;  submitted  the  following  communication, 
which  was  read,  ordered  printed,  and  referred  to  the  Committee 
on  Grounds  and  Buildings: 

AGRICULTURAL  AND   ALLIED    INDUSTRIES  AT  THE  WORLD'S 

FAIR. 

The  Illinois  State  Board  of  Agriculture  at  its  regular  meet- 
ing to-day  passed  the  following  preamble  and  resolution,  to 
which  the  attention  of  all  kindred  organizations  and  of  all  others 
interested  is  respectfully  called: 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  201 

WHEREAS,  The  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Local  Corporation  Third  ses- 

slon— Sec- 

of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  charged  with  the  duty  of  ond  Day- 
presenting  to  the  National  Commission  a  site,  together  with  plans 
and  specifications  for  the  necessary  Exposition  buildings  for  the 
World's  Fair  of  1893,  has  decided  to  so  present  the  following  as 
the  basis  of  a  partial  site  and  partial  distribution  of  buildings  and 
departments  upon  the  Lake  Front,  asking  approval  and  adop- 
tion thereof  by  said  National  Commission,  to  wit: 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  Board  of  Directors  that 
there  should  be  located  upon  the  Lake  Front  these  items  of  the 
Exposition: 

1.  The  Art  Exhibit   Building,  which  shall   contain  all  oil- 
paintings,  water-colors,   engravings,   and  statuary  that  shall  be 
exhibited  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

2.  The  Decorative  Art  Building,  which  shall  contain  all 
jewelry,  diamonds,  watches,  gold  and  silver   ornaments,  clocks, 
bronzes,   embroideries,   tapestries,  rugs,   Persian  carpets,   china, 
bric-a-brac,  gold  and  silver  ware,  and  all  other  articles  intended 
for  the  decoration  of  the  person,  table,  or  house  that  shall  be 
exhibited  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

3.  The  building  in  which  shall  be  displayed  the  exhibit  of 
electrical  appliances  and  devices. 

4.  Government   departmental    exhibits,  including  exhibits 
from  the  State  Department,  Treasury  Department,  War  Depart- 
ment, Navy  Department,  Interior  Department,  Post-Office  Depart- 
ment,    Department    of     Justice,    Smithsonian    Institution    and 
National  Museums,  and  Fish  and  Fisheries  Department. 

5.  Musical  Hall. 

6.  The  Water  Palace,  if  any. 

7.  A  portion  of  certain  miniature  villages  and  settlements 
of  curious  nationalities,  such  as  Indian,  Egyptian,  Persian,  Cen- 
tral African,  Chinese,  Japanese,  Armenian,  Russian,  and  others. 

8.  An  aquarium  building. 

9.  An  electric  fountain  and  other  exhibits  analogous  to  the 
foregoing,  or  supplementary  thereto,  and  necessary  to  make  the 
Lake  Front  exhibition  equal  in  interest  and  attractiveness  to  the 
other  portions  of  the  Fair. 

WHEREAS,  The  plan  of  distribution  as  outlined  above  con- 
templates a  dismemberment  of  the  World's  Fair  not  only  unnec- 
essary and  utterly  unjustifiable,  but  involves  a  reckless,  if  not 
culpable,  disregard  of  the  interests  which  we  represent,  and 


202  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Tsicm-sec  wnicn  f°rm  the  very  basis  of  all  civilization,  progress,  culture, 
ondDay.  ancj  weaith  of  nations  and  people  in  every  department  of  human 
activity;  and, 

WHEREAS,  The  Law  of  Congress  organizing  the  National 
World's  Fair  Commission  invests  that  Commission  with  plenary 
powers  of  approval  and  rejection  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  site, 
buildings,  and  conduct  of  said  Fair,  in  general  and  detail,  thus 
charging  the  Commission  with  a  responsibility  to  the  people 
which  can  not  be  modified,  and  from  which  there  is  no  honor- 
able escape;  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  the  Illinois  State  Board  of  Agriculture,  in  the 
name  of  agriculture  and  its  allied  industries  throughout  the 
world,  confidently  appeal  to  the  intelligent  appreciation,  pure 
motives,  and  perfect  good  faith  of  our  National  Commission  to 
prevent  any  dismemberment  whatever  of  the  departments  of  the 
proposed  Fair,  and  in  any  event  and  at  any  cost,  to  avert  the  dis- 
grace and  disaster  which,  under  any  such  plan  as  quoted  above, 
or  any  approach  to  it,  would,  in  our  deliberate  judgment,  be 
inevitable. 

^r>  Massev>  °f  Delaware,  arose  to   a  question  of  privilege, 


Expendi-     and    read    a    resolution    of    the    Executive  Committee,  adopted 

tures  of. 

Tuesday,  November  18,  1890,  directing  the  President  and  Secre- 
tary not  to  certify  any  voucher  for  expenditures  by  the  Com- 
mittee on  Foreign  Affairs  without  further  authority  from  the 
Commission. 

Mr.  Massey  discussed  the  subject  at  length,  and  was  fol- 
lowed by  Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  who  also  stated  a  question 
of  personal  privilege,  and  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  in  the  opinion  of  this  Commission  the 
Foreign  Affairs  Committee  have  taken  no  action  nor  made  any 
expenditure  justifying  the  resolution  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee notifying  the  President  and  Secretary  of  this  Commission 
not  to  indorse  any  bills  or  vouchers  of  the  Foreign  Affairs  Com- 
mittee until  further  authorized  by  the  Commission. 

Vice-Chairman  McKenzie,  on  behalf  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee, deprecated  the  suggestion  that  the  resolution  of  that 
•  Committee  implied  any  reflection  upon  the  methods  and  pur- 

poses of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs. 

The  discussion  was  continued  at  length. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  203 

Mr.  Allen,  of  New  York,  offered  the  following  as  a  substi- 
tute  for  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Waller: 

WHEREAS,  A  serious  if  not  grave  misunderstanding  has 
arisen  between  our  Executive  Committee  and  the  Committee  on 
Foreign  Affairs;  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  Executive  Committee  be  requested  either 
to  expunge  the  important  resolution  from  its  proceedings  of 
yesterday,  or  by  resolution  disavow  all  intention  of  affront  or 
disrespect  to  their  associate  Commissioners  comprising  the  Com- 
mittee on  Foreign  Affairs. 

Mr.  Waller  accepted  the  substitute. 

Mr.  Harris,  of  Virginia,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  resolution  of  the  gentleman  of  New 
York  be  referred  to  the  Executive  Committee,  with  instructions 
to  act  and  report  at  the  evening  session  of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  Waller  moved  that  his  resolution,  as  amended  by  Mr. 
Allen,  and  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Harris,  be  laid  upon  the  table 
temporarily. 

The  motion  was  unanimously  carried. 

The  hour  of  '12  o'clock  having  arrived,  the  Commission  took 
a  recess. 


The  Commission  reassembled  at  2  o'clock  p.  M.  Vice- 
President  WTaller  in  the  chair. 

Mr.  Massey,  from  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs,  sub- 
mitted the  following  report,  which  was  read,  ordered  printed 
in  the  Official  Minutes,  and  laid  upon  the  table  as  the  first  order 
of  business  for  n  o'clock,  Thursday,  November  2oth: 

REPORT  OF  THE  COMMITTEE  ON  FOREIGN  AFFAIRS. 

The  Foreign  Affairs  Committee  begs  to  report  that,  imme-  Rethertc°ofm- 
diately  following  its  constitution,  it  held  its  first  meeting  in  the    Foreign011 
City  of  Chicago   on  September  19,  1890,  at  which  were  present 
all  its  members  save  the  Chairman,  and  that  it  was  duly  organ- 
ized by  the  election  of  Honorable  Thomas  M.  Waller,  of  Con- 
necticut, as    Vice-Chairman.     That  the  second  meeting  of  the 
Committee  was  held  in  the  City  of  Chicago  on  the  2oth  of  Sep-  . 
tember,   at  which  were  present  Messrs.  Wm.  T.   Baker  (Chair- 
man), J.  W.  Ellsworth,  T.  J.  Lefens,  H.  M.  Higinbotham,  and  M. 


204  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third_ses-c  A.  Ryerson,  composing  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Exhibits  of 
the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  who  were  so  present  by  the 
express  invitation  of  your  Committee  for  the  purpose  of  general 
conference  relative  to  the  work  common  to  both  committees, 
and  to  the  end  that  the  operations  of  each  should  be  so  prose- 
cuted and  conducted  as  to  conduce  to  absolutely  harmonious 
action  and  secure  the  most  satisfactory  and  substantial  results. 
And  the  Committee  of  the  Illinois  Corporation  was  then  duly 
apprised  of  the  general  purpose  and  policy  of  your  Committee 
to  act  in  concert  with  it,  so  that  friction  and  controversy  might 
be  avoided  and  the  best  results  attained;  your  Committee,  never- 
theless, not  intending  thereby  to  be  understood  as  in  anywise 
abdicating  or  surrendering  any  of  its  legitimate  powers  or  lawful 
functions. 

In  view  of  the  limited  opportunity  afforded,  at  this  Chicago 
meeting,  to  be  apprised  of  the  steps  which  had  been  theretofore 
taken  by  the  Committee  of  the  Chicago  Corporation  in  the  line 
of  foreign  work,  your  Committee  deemed  it  advisable  to  adjourn 
to  meet  in  New  York  City,  where  the  permanent  headquarters  of 
the  Committee  had  been,  by  its  resolution  pursuant  to  the  au- 
thority conferred  by  the  Commission,  established,  and  accord- 
ingly invited  the  said  Committee  of  the  Illinois  Corporation,  or 
as  many  of  them  as  could  make  it  convenient  to  attend,  to  be 
present  at  the  meeting  of  your  Committee  then  contemplated  to 
be  held  at  the  Gilsey  House  in  the  City  of  New  York,  on  the 
22d  day  of  October,  1890. 

Your  Committee  accordingly  held  sessions  in  the  City  of 
New  York  on  the  22d,  23d,  and  24th  of  October,  and  at  these 
several  meetings  the  Foreign  Exhibits  Committee  of  the  Illinois 
Corporation  were  represented  by  its  Chairman,  Mr.  Baker,  and 
Messrs.  Ellsworth,  Ryerson,  and  Lefens,  who  participated  very 
fully  in  the  discussion  relative  to  the  general  work  to  be  pursued 
in  foreign  countries,  and  the  best  medium  of  securing  the  results 
desired  at  a  minimum  of  cost. 

At  these  meetings  it  was  communicated  to  your  Committee 
that  the  Committee  of  the  Illinois  Corporation,  in  view  of  the 
conventional  delays  and  difficulties  necessarily  incident  to  the 
prosecution  of  the  work  in  Japan  and  China,  had  conceived  it 
advisable,  in  order  that  interest  in  these  -countries  should  be 
aroused  in  the  World's  Fair,  and  that  a  desirable  and  comprehen- 
sive line  of  exhibits,  such  as  are  likely  to  be  found  only  in  these 
localities,  might  be  the  more  speedily  obtained,  to  send,  under 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  205 

the  auspices  of  that  Committee,  agents  to  Japan  and  China,  re- 
spectively,  and  had  accordingly  sent  Mr.  Gustavus  Goward  to    °ndDay. 
Japan,  and  Mr.  Romyn  Hitchcock  to  China. 

They  also  represented  to  your  Committee  that  they  had  had 
under  careful  consideration  a  plan  which  had  been  formulated 
and  submitted  to  them  by  Professor  Cyrus  Adler,  of  Johns 
Hopkins  University,  comprehending  a  general  collection  of 
most  interesting  exhibits  from  Turkey,  Egypt,  Syria,  and  Persia; 
that  this  plan  had  received  the  unqualified  indorsement  of  their 
Committee,  and  that  they  had,  in  fact,  employed  Professor  Adler 
to  execute  it. 

They  further  advised  your  Committee  that  they  had  also 
had  under  consideration  a  scheme  originated  and  submitted  by 
Mr.  Wm.  E.  Curtis,  of  the  State  Department,  looking  to  the  most 
available  method  of  arousing  interest  in  the  Exposition  among 
the  Latin-American  Republics,  and  of  securing  a  comprehensive 
line  of  exhibits  from  that  territory;  and  that  this  scheme  had 
likewise  received  the  unanimous  approval  and  indorsement  of 
that  Committee. 

As  to  all  these  several  schemes  and  undertakings,  it  was 
expressly  stated  to  your  Committee,  that  all  expenses  incident 
thereto  or  arising  therefrom  had  been  provided  for  and  would 
be,  in  fact,  paid  out  of  the  funds  of  the  Illinois  corporation,  and 
they  desired  your  Committee  to  approve  the  said  schemes  and 
methods,  and  make  such  recommendation  to  the  Commission 
touching  the  same  as  would  recognize  these  several  schemes  as 
agencies  of  the  Commission,  and  would  clothe  the  several  agents 
with  the  proper  and  lawful  authority  as  duly  accredited  represent- 
atives of  the  Commission  to  the  several  countries  to  which  they 
were  respectively  assigned. 

Your  Committee,  after  a  careful  investigation  of  these  sev- 
eral schemes,  and  in  view  of  the  express  recommendation  of  the 
Committee  of  the  Illinois  Corporation,  and  the  unqualified  under- 
taking of  that  Committee  to  provide  all  funds  necessary  to 
defray  the  expenses  thereof,  determined  that  they  ought  to  be 
officially  sanctioned,  and  in  this  behalf  your  Committee  heartily 
recommend  the  adoption  of  such  resolution  by  the  Commission 
as  will  fully  approve  the  same,  and  the  issue  to  the  several  agents 
or  Commissioners  hereinbefore  designated,  of  such  commissions 
or  letters  of  appointment  as,  in  the  judgment  of  the  Commission, 
can  properly  be  issued.  And  they  would  further  recommend 
that  the  President  of  the  Commission  officially  communicate 


206  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third  ses-  with  the  Secretary  of  State  to  the  end  that  these  several  agents 
ondDay.  may  be  at  least  semi-officially  accredited  by  the  Government  of 
the  United  States,,  to  the  respective  foreign  governments  with 
which,  in  the  course  of  their  mission,  they  must  necessarily  be 
brought  in  contact.  And  your  Committee  would  further  recom- 
mend that  the  Judiciary  Committee  be  instructed  to  consider 
and  report  such  form  of  letter  of  authority  or  commission  as 
ought  to  be  issued  to  these  several  agents. 

In  connection  with  the  plan  originated  by  Mr.  Curtis,  your 
Committee  would  respectfully  suggest  that  it  is  thereby  con- 
templated that  officers  of  the  army  and  navy  may  be  detailed  for 
important  services  in,  connection  therewith,  and  your  Committee 
beg  to  recommend  that  the  Commission  request  the  President  of 
the  United  States  to  cause  such  details  to  be  made  from  the 
army  and  navy  as  may  be  necessary  to  properly  effect  the  same. 

In  order  to  provide  against  delays  which  may  arise  in  the 
forwarding  of  foreign  exhibits,  your  Committee  were  greatly 
impressed  with  the  necessity  of  establishing  a  dispatch  agency 
at  the  port  of  New  York,  and  providing  for  the  appointment  of 
a  competent  agent  to  have  charge  thereof;  and,  after  careful 
inquiry  and  investigation,  your  Committee  were  thoroughly  sat- 
isfied that  no  more  efficient  agent  could  have  been  employed 
than  the  late  Mr.  Haughwout  Howe,  and  your  Committee, 
recognizing  that  anything  relating  to  the  subjects  of  traffic  and 
transportation  were  peculiarly  within  a  province  and  prerogative  of 
the  Standing  Committee  of  the  Commission  having  charge  Of  the 
subject,  recommended  to  that  Committee,  through  its  Chairman, 
Hon.  V.  13.  Groner,  that  Mr.  Howe's  appointment  as  such  dis- 
patch agent  should  be  considered  by  his  Committee  and  favora- 
bly reported  to  the  Commission.  The  untimely  death,  however, 
of  Mr.  Howe,  has  deprived  that  Committee  of  the  opportunity  of 
securing  and  availing  itself  of  the  benefits  of  his  experience. 

Your  Committee  received  and  filed  numerous  applications 
and  recommendations,  referred  to  it  from  the  headquarters  of 
the  Commission,  of  persons  desiring  to  be  employed  in  the  fur- 
therance of  the  interests  of  the  Exposition  in  divers  foreign  coun- 
tries; but,  recognizing  that  there  are  no  funds  now  available  to 
defray  the  expenses  necessarily  incident  to  such  service,  your 
Committee  declined  to  take  any  action  respecting  the  same,  not- 
withstanding it  is  obviously  important  that  such  agencies  should 
be  set  in  motion  as  early  as  practicable,  if  any  comprehensively 
representative*  exhibit  is  to  be  secured  generally  from  foreign 
nations. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  207 

It  was  the  opinion  of  your  Committee  that  the  appropriation  Third  ses- 
of  $20,000,  provided  by  Section  12  of  the  Act  of  Congress,  was    °n<iDay. 
available  for  the  employment  of  such  agencies,  but  your  Com- 
mittee, in  order  to  avoid  any  possible  controversy  in  that  behalf, 
deemed  it  prudent  to  address  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
the  following  letter: 

HEADQUARTERS  FOREIGN  AFFAIRS  COMMITTEE  OF  THE 
WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN  COMMISSION, 

GILSEY  HOUSE, 
NEW  YORK,  October  24,  1890. 

Hon.  WILLIAM  WINDOM,   Secretary  of  the  Treasury,   Washing- 
ton, D.  C: 

SIR:  In  conformity  with  the  direction  contained  in  a  resolu- 
tion this  day  adopted  by  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs  of 
the  World's  Columbian  Commission  (a  copy  whereof  is  herewith 
transmitted),  I  have  the  honor  to  address  you,  on  behalf  of  that 
Committee,  in  order  to  ascertain  your  .views  as  to  the  availa- 
bility of  the  special  appropriation  of  $20,000,  made  by 
Section  12  of  the  Act  of  Congress,  approved  April  25,  1890, 
for  the  defrayal  of  the  cost  and  expenses  of  such  agencies  and 
instrumentalities  as  may  be  lawfully  employed  by  said  Commit- 
tee, for  the  purpose  of  arousing  the  interest  of  foreigners  in  the 
Exhibition,  and  thereby  securing  the  most  desirable  and  attract- 
ive lines  of  foreign  goods  for  admission  thereto. 

In  view  of  the  fact  that  by  the  express  terms  of  the  section 
referred  to,  the  appropriation  is  available  during  the  current  fiscal 
year,  and  also  that  it  is  "to  be  expended  under  the  direction  of 
the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  for  purposes  connected  with  the 
admission  of  foreign  goods  to  said  Exhibition,"  the  Committee 
strongly  incline  to  the  conclusion  that  the  intent  of  Congress,  in 
providing  this  special  appropriation,  was  that  it  should  be  util- 
ized in  the  manner  indicated  by  the  Committee's  inquiry,  but  is 
unwilling  to  make  any  recommendation  to  the  Commission  in  the 
premises  until  the  views  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  touch- 
ing the  matter  shall  have  been  first  obtained. 

Will  you  be  pleased  to  favor  the  Committee  with  an  answer 
to  the  inquiry  hereinbefore  stated  as  early  as  convenient. 
I  have  the  honor  to  be, 

Your  obedient  servant, 
(Signed)  CHAUNCEY  M.  DEPEW, 

Chairman  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs  of  the 

World's  Columbian  Commission. 


208  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Third  ses-  And  this  has  evoked  from  that  officer  the  following  reply: 

sion— Sec-  6        *  J 

ond  Day.  ^ 

TREASURY  DEPARTMENT, 
OFFICE  OF  THE  SECRETARY, 
WASHINGTON,  D.  C.,  November  13,  1890. 
Hon.  CHAUNCEY  M.  DEPEW,  Chairman  Committee  on   Foreign 

Affairs,  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

Appropria-  SIR:     I  am  in  receipt  of  your  letter  of  October  24th  ultimo, 

awe  for11"  submitting  a  resolution  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs, 
Affairs      World's  Columbian  Commission,  which  reads  as  follows,  viz.: 

Commit- 

" Resolved,  That  the  Chairman  of  this  Committee  be  requested 
and  authorized  to  address  a  communication,  on  behalf  of  the 
Committee,  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  propounding  the 
inquiry  whether  the  special  appropriation  of  $20,000,  made  by 
Section  12  of  the  Act  of  Congress,  approved  April  25,  1890,  is 
available  in  defraying  the  expenses  of  such  agencies  and  instru- 
mentalities as  may  be  employed  by  this  Committee  in  the  prose- 
cution of  its  efforts  to  secure  exhibits  from  foreign  countries 
for  the  Exhibition." 

In  reply,  I  have  to  advise  you  that  I  have  fully  considered 
the  subject-matter  of  your  communication.  Section  12  of  the 
Act  of  Congress,  approved  April  25,  1890,  is  as  follows:  "  That 
the  sum  of  $20,000,  or  so  much  thereof  as  may  be  necessary,  be, 
and  the  same  is  hereby  appropriated  for  the  remainder  of  the 
present  fiscal  year  and  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1891, 
to  be  expended,  under  the  direction  of  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury,  for  purposes  connected  with  the  admission  of  foreign 
goods  to  said  Exhibition." 

If  the  World's  Columbian  Commission  desires  to  employ 
during  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  30,  1891,  any  agents  to  visit 
foreign  countries,  or  any  agencies  for  purposes  connected  with 
the  admission  of  foreign  goods  for  exhibition  at  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition,  to  be  held  in  1893,  I  will  approve  such 
expenditures  as  may  be  made  in  connection  therewith,  not  to 
exceed  the  amount  named  in  Section  12  of  the  Act,  upon  the 
presentation  of  proper  vouchers,  to  be  approved  by  yourself  and 
the  President  or  Secretary  of  the  Commission. 

Respectfully  yours, 
(Signed)  A.  B.  NETTLETON, 

Acting  Secretary. 

It  is  therefore  apparent  that  this  sum  of  $20,000  is  now 
clearly  available  to  defray  the  cost  and  expenses  of  any  agents 


Minutes  of  the    Third  Session.  209 

who  may  be  employed  by  the  Commission  to  visit  foreign  coun-  Third  ses- 
tries,  or  of  any  agencies  employed  for  purposes  connected  with    °n(iDay. 
the  admission  of  foreign  goods  for  exhibition;  and  your  Com- 
mittee  would    respectfully   recommend    that   authority   be   ex- 
pressly conferred  upon  it  to  make  such  judicious  expenditure  of 
this  fund  in  the  direction  referred  to  as  will,  in  its  judgment,  be 
the  most  highly  promotive  of  the  success  of  the  foreign  depart- 
ment of  the  Exhibition. 

The  foregoing  report  having  been  submitted  to  the  full 
Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs,  at  a  meeting  held  in  Chicago  on 
the  nineteenth  day  of  November,  1890,  the  same  was  unani- 
mously approved,  and  the  Committee  directed  its  submission  to 
the  Commission. 

Attest:  GEO.  V.  MASSEY, 

Secretary. 

Mr.  Martindale,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Grounds 
and  Buildings,  submitted  the  following  report,  which  was  read, 
ordered  printed  in  the  Official  Minutes,  and  laid  upon  the  table 
as  the  second  order  of  business  for  n  o'clock,  Thursday: 

REPORT  OF  THE  COMMITTEE  ON  GROUNDS  AND  BUILDINGS. 

To   the  President  and   Commissioners   of  the    World's    Columbian 
Commission: 

The  undersigned  Committee  on  Grounds  and  Buildings,  ap-  R^r^n^ 
pointed  under  Section  10  of  the  By-Laws,  which  provides  "that    fngsCo 
this  Committee  shall  have  charge  and  supervision  of  the  grounds   E 
and  buildings  in  so  far  as  the  Commission  may  lawfully  exercise 
authority  over  the  same;  and  shall  also  examine  and  report  to 
the  Commission  as  to  the  provision  made  by  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Exposition  for  such  buildings,"  would  respectfully  report 
that  the  Committee  was  called  together  by  the  authority  of  the 
President  of  the  Commission  assembling  in  Chicago  on  the   i4th 
inst.,  and  on  invitation  of  a  sub-committee  of    the  Committee 
on  Grounds    and  Buildings  of  the  Chicago  Directory  have  met 
with  their  sub-committee  in  conference  in  reference  to  the  scope 
and  character  of  the  buildings  to  be  placed  upon  the  Lake  Front 
and  those  to   be  placed  in  South  Park. 

By  the  fifth  section  of  the  Act  of  Congress  the  National 
Commission  is  "  empowered  in  its  discretion  to  accept  for  the  pur- 
poses of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  such  site  as  may  be 
selected  and  offered  and  such  plans  and  specifications  of  build- 


210  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Ts!oJ-Iec  *n£s  to  ^e  erected  f°r  such  Purpose  at  the  expense  of  and  ten- 


dered  by  the  corporation  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  State 
of  Illinois,  known  as  '  The  World's  Exposition  of  eighteen 
hundred  and  ninety-two:'  Provided,  That  said  site  so  tendered 
and  the  buildings  proposed  to  be  erected  thereon  shall  be 
deemed  by  said  Commission  adequate  to  the  purposes  of  said 
Exposition." 

The  power  herein  conferred  on  the  Commission  is  limited 
to  the  acceptance  or  rejection  of  such  site  as  may  be  selected 
and  offered,  and  such  plans  and  specifications  of  buildings  to  be 
erected  thereon  as  may  be  tendered  by  the  Directory.  The  sites 
heretofore  selected  and  offered  by  the  Directory  have  been 
promptly  accepted  by  the  Commission.  The  Washington  Park 
site,  selected  and  offered  by  the  Directory  and  accepted  by  the 
Commission  on  the  23d  day  of  September  last,  was  recognized 
by  both  the  Commission  and  Directory  as  a  compromise  meas- 
ure, it  being  understood  that  a  Fine  Art  Building  (which  by  our 
classification  includes  decorative  art),  a  Music  Hall,  and  Elec- 
trical display,  meaning  nightly  display,  might  be  placed  upon  the 
Lake  Front,  and  that  the  remainder  of  the  Fair  should  go  to 
Washington  and  Jackson  Parks,  and  it  was  further  understood 
that  the  Directory  would  rent  the  Washington  Club  Park  for  at 
least  August,  September,  and  October  for  use  in  the  Live  Stock 
display.  By  this  arrangement,  bringing  the  Live  Stock  show  on 
Washington  Club  Park  in  close  proximity  to  the  main  buildings 
on  Washington  Park,  the  Live  Stock  men  became  reconciled  to 
a  division  of  the  Exposition,  and  it  was  the  subject  of  congrat- 
ulations among  not  only  the  Commission  and  Directory,  but  by 
the  country  at  large.  The  following  is  a  statement  of  the  action 
of  the  Commission,  the  Directory,  and  the  South  Park  Commis- 
sioners in  connection  with  the  selection,  presentation,  and  ac- 
ceptance of  Washington  Park  as  a  site: 

On  the  2oth  of  September  the  National  Commission  passed, 
by  a  unanimous  vote,  the  following  resolution  : 

"Resolved,  That  in  the  opinion  of  this  Commission  one  single 
site  for  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  is  especially  desirable; 
it  is  also  especially  desirable  that  a  part  of  such  site  should 
border  upon  the  lake;  that  in  the  opinion  of  this  Commission 
the  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  may  procure 
and  present  to  this  Commission  the  most  desirable  site  by 
adopting  Washington  Park,  the  Midway  Plaisance,  and  that  part 
of  Jackson  Park  lying  south  of  the  north  line  of  the  Midway 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  211 

Plaisance,  extended  through  to  the  lake,  together  with  the  Wash-  Third  ses- 
ington  Park  Club  for  live  stock  and  speed  exhibits;  that,  while 
we  do  not  at  this  time  reconsider  our  action  accepting  Jackson 
Park  and  the  Lake  Front,  we  respectfully  but  earnestly  request 
the  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  to  procure 
and  present  to  this  Commission  the  single  site  above  outlined." 

This  resolution  was  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  Chicago 
Directory  late  on  Saturday,  the  2oth  of  September,  and  on 
Monday,  the  22d,  the  Directory  passed  the  following  resolutions: 

"  WHEREAS,  The  Commissioners  of  the  Columbian  Exposi- 
tion have  requested  this  Board  to  obtain,  if  possible,  from  the 
South  Park  Board  a  tender  of  Washington  Park  for  Exposition 
purposes;  and, 

"  WHEREAS,  This  Board  concurs  with  the  honorable  Com- 
missioners in  the  belief  that  the  use  of  Washington  Park  is 
essential  to  the  full  and  complete  presentment  of  the  Exposition 
in.  a  manner  convenient  to  the  public;  and, 

"WHEREAS,  This  Board  has,  by  its  Committee  appointed  for 
the  purpose,  again  presented  to  the  South  Park  Commissioners 
the  necessity  for  a  tender  of  Washington  Park  in  addition  to  the 
area  already  tendered  by  them,  which  necessity  the  Commis- 
sioners have  recognized  by  resolutions  duly  adopted;  therefore, 

"Resolved,  That,  in  the  opinion  of  this  Board,  the  honor  of 
Chicago  and  the  necessities  of  the  Exposition  alike  require  the 
adoption  of  Washington  Park  as  an  important  part  of  the  site  for 
the  Columbian  Exposition. 

"Resolved,  That  a  copy  of  this  be  sent  to  the  South  Park 
Board,  and  to  the  Columbian  Exposition  Commissioners,  as  a 
declaration  of  the  view  of  this  Directory  upon  this  subject." 

These  resolutions  were,  on  the  220!,  placed  before  the  Board 
of  South  Park  Commissioners,  and  that  Board,  on  the  same  clay, 
sent  to  the  Directory  the  following,  giving  in  addition  the  reasons 
why  they  had,  up  to  that  time,  declined  to  tender  Washington 
Park  as  a  site: 

"  The  South  Park  Commissioners  have  received  from  an 
authorized  committee  of  the  Columbian  Exposition  Directors 
the  information  that  the  National  Commission  has  expressed,  by 
a  substantially  unanimous  vote,  their  desire  that  these  Directors 
shall  '  procure  and  present  to  this  body  (the  National  Commis- 
sion) the  most  desirable  site  by  adopting  Washington  Park,  the 
Midway  Plaisance,  and  that  part  of  Jackson  Park  lying  south  of 


212  World?  s  Columbian  Commission. 

T8ion-Iec-  t^ie  north  ^ne  °^  tne  Midway  Plaisance  extended  through  to  the 
iake/  This  information  is  communicated  by  the  Committee  of 
the  Local  Directory,  with  a  request  that  the  Park  Commissioners 
enable  them  to  meet  the  suggestion  of  the  National  Commission. 

"  A  request  thus  made,  and  communication,  is  tantamount, 
in  the  opinion  of  the  Park  Commissioners,  to  a  notice  from  the 
highest  National  authority  that  the  site  indicated  is  the  best  that 
Chicago  can  present  for  the  purpose  of  the  Columbian  Exposi- 
tion, and  in  substance  is  a  reasonable  demand  that  Chicago  shall 
make  good  its  promise  to  the  National  Legislature  to  provide 
satisfactorily  for  the  location  of  the  Fair.  The  Park  Commis- 
sioners are  desirous  of  meeting  the  situation  fully  and  frankly. 
The  tender  of  Jackson  Park,  586  acres,  and  Midway  Plaisance, 
60  acres,  may  be  taken  as  in  part,  at  least,  evidence  of  this 
desire.  *  *  * 

"  If,  after  considering  this  explanation,  the  National  Com- 
mission and  the  Chicago  Directory  shall  still  insist  that  the  honor 
of  Chicago  demands  and  the  space  needed  for  the  Exposition 
requires  that  Washington  Park  be  more  closely  identified  with 
the  Exposition,  and  that  to  other  site  area  there  shall  be  added 
the  area  of  this,  the  South  Park  Commissioners,  upon  the  receipt 
of  notice  to  such  effect,  will  immediately  cause  to  be  prepared, 
and  will  pass,  the  ordinances  necessary  to  comply  with  the  re- 
quest now  under  consideration." 

That  on  the  receipt  of  a  certified  copy  of  the  action  of  the 
South  Park  Commissioners  from  the  Directory,  the  Commis- 
sion passed,  by  unanimous  vote,  the  following  resolution; 

"  Now,  therefore,  in  pursuance  of  the  foregoing  invitation 
to  further  express  the  opinion  of  the  National  Commission  in 
reference  to  this  question,  it  is  hereby 

"Resolved,  By  the  National  Commission,  that  this  Commis- 
sion does  still  insist  that  the  space  needed  for  the  Exposition 
and  to  make  the  same  adequate  and  satisfactory  to  this  Com- 
mission requires  that  Washington  Park  be  added  to  the  several 
plats  of  ground  heretofore  tendered  to  this  Commission  as  a 
site  for  the  Exposition,  and  that  the  addition  of  Washington 
Park  may  be  made  by  the  Chicago  Directory  and  will  be 
accepted  by  this  Commission  with  the  understanding  that  only 
so  much  of  the' said  several  plats  as  may  be  required  for  Exposi- 
tion purposes  will  be  used;  and  that  the  presentation  of  said 
park  and  its  acceptance,  with  the  acceptance  of  the  Midway 


Minutes  of  the   Tldrct  Session.  213 

Plaisance,  shall  be  a  final  settlement  of  all  questions  relating  to  Third  ses- 

.          .         ,-  •  1    -r-i  •    •          >.  sion— See- 

the site  tor  said  Exposition. 

On  the  same  day  the  Directors  passed  and  transmitted  to 
the  Commission  the  following  resolution: 

"Resolved,  That  in  addition  to  the  area  already  tendered  as 
a  site  for  the  Columbian  Exposition,  to  wit,  Lake  Front  and 
Jackson  Park,  the  Directory  hereby  adopts  and  tenders  to  the 
World's  Columbian  Commission  for  its  acceptance  Washington 
Park  and  the  Midway  Plaisance." 

The  Commission  thereupon  passed  by  unanimous  vote  a 
resolution  accepting  Washington  Park,  as  follows: 

"Resolved,  That  the  addition  of  the  Midway  Plaisance  and 
Washington  Park  be,  and  the  same  is,  hereby  accepted  as  an 
addition  to  the  site  heretofore  formally  accepted  as  aforesaid, 
and  shall  be  treated  and  considered  as  an  addition  to  and  part 
of  said  site,  with  the  like  effect  as  if  the  same  had  been  origi- 
nally included  in  the  site  as  first  tendered;  and  that  all  question 
and  controversy  concerning  the  site  are  now  satisfactorily  and 
finally  settled  and  disposed  of,  the  said  site  embracing,  as  now 
accepted,  the  Lake  Front,  the  whole  of  Jackson  and  Washington 
Parks,  and  the  area  intervening  between  said  parks,  known  as 
the  Midway  Plaisance." 

The  South  Park  Commissioners  did,  on  the  same  day,  pass 
and  place  in  the  hands  of  the  Directory  an  ordinance  granting 
the  use  of  Washington  Park  for  the  purposes  of  the  Exposition, 
but  coupled  with  it  a  condition  that  no  trees  should  be  removed 
or  damage  to  drive-ways  and  permanent  improvements  without 
the  consent  of  the  South  Park  Commissioners.  It  will  be 
observed  that  no  conditions  whatever  were  attached  to  the 
foregoing  agreement  of  the  South  Park  Commissioners  to  "  pass 
the  ordinance  necessary  to  comply  with  the  request  of  the 
Commission  and  the  Directory,  and  no  condition  was  therefore 
attached  to  the  tender  made  of  Washington  Park  by  the 
Directory,  nor  in  its  acceptance  by  the  Commission.  Recogniz- 
ing the  desire  of  the  Commission  as  expressed  in  its  resolution 
unanimously  passed  on  the  2oth  of  September,  the  Directors 
caused  to  be  prepared  by  their  architects  surveys  and  sketches 
of  plans  for  the  main  building  on  Washington  Park,  locating  the 
same  in  the  open  meadow,  and  also  sketches  for  the  other 
necessary  buildings  on  Washington  Park,  and  presented  the  same 
tor  approval  to  the  South  Park  Commissioners.  It  should  be 

1  O 


214  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Third  si-8-    borne    in    mind  that   the  plan    presented   was  one  with    which 

sion— Sec- 

oud Kay.  tne  Committee  had  nothing  whatever  to  do.  Neither  the 
National  Commission,  nor  any  committee  or  person  speaking  for 
it,  was  in  any  way  consulted  as  to  the  plan  or  the  buildings  pro- 
posed, but  when  the  same  were  submitted  by  the  architect  of  the 
Directory  to  the  South  Park  Commissioners,  to  know  whether  the 
same  would  be  objectionable  under  the  proviso  contained  in 
their  ordinance,  the  South  Park  Commissioners  submitted  the 
following  reply: 

"As  the  area  contains,  with  smaller  glades,  one  great  open 
meadow  of  nearly  100  acres,  the  restriction,  while  useful  for  the 
preservation  of  trees  of  nearly  twenty  years'  growth  as  placed, 
was  not  a  hindrance,  in  any  sense,  to  extensive  use  of  the  park 
for  the  purposes  of  the  Exposition.  The  ordinance  was 
accepted.  A  tentative  plan  is  now  presented  to  the  Park  Com- 
missioners for  the  use  of  Washington  Park  as  a  site  for  Fair 
buildings.  Such  submission  would  not  be  necessary  under  the 
terms  of  the  ordinance,  which  leaves  the  Fair  Directors  wholly 
free,  with  the  proviso  noted,  to  use  the  park  for  such  buildings 
as  may  be  designated.  The  plan  contemplates  some  eighty-five 
acres  of  roof,  so  placed  that  both  the  letter  and  the  spirit  of 
the  ordinance  would  be  transgressed  if  the  construction  were  to 
go  on  as  planned. 

"The  removal  of  a  few  trees  or  clumps  of  trees  would  be 
immaterial.  The  plan  invades  a  large  area  of  the  oldest,  best- 
established,  and  thriftiest  tree-growth  of  the  park.  The  dam- 
age, if  not  wholly  irreparable,  would  long  disfigure  the  park, 
and  as  it  is  absolutely  unnecessary,  when  nearly  1,000  acres  of 
the  South  Park  system  can  be  drawn  on,  the  Park  Commission- 
ers must  suggest  that  the  construction  be  kept  within  the  liberal 
terms  of  the  accepted  ordinance. 

"  The  money  damage  to  the  park  the  Directory  is  obligated 
to  make  good.  It  is  not  necessary,  therefore,  to  dwell  upon  that 
point.  A  lawn  may  be  created  in  a  single  season;  the  work 
of  a  few  months  restores  drive-ways;  but  no  transplanting  can 
restore,  short  of  a  generation,  the  beauty  of  a  wood  it  has  taken 
a  generation  to  establish." 

A  controversy  has  thus  arisen  over  the  use  of  Washington 
Park,  as  pledged  by  the  Directory  and  the  South  Park  Com- 
missioners, in  which  the  Commission  can  take  no  part  directly, 
as  it  can  only  pass  upon  the  plans  and  specifications  of  the 
buildings  when  presented  to  them  for  acceptance  by  the  Direct- 


Minutes  of  the    Third  Session.  215 

ory.     The  Committee  of  the   Directory  express  their  desire  to  Third  ses- 
ihave  the  plans  approved  by  the  South  Park  Commissioners,  and    «ndDay. 
;to    have  the  conditions    contained    in  the  ordinance  removed, 
'or  so  modified  that  Washington  Park  may  be  used  for  the  main 
ibuilding,  according  to  the  resolutions  and  understanding  of  all 
^parties  at  the   September  meeting  of  the  Commission. 

Your  Committee  would  further  report  that  on  the  icth  of 
November,  at  a  meeting  of  the  Directory,  the  following  resolu- 
tions were  passed  by  them: 

"  WHEREAS,  It  is  understood  by  the  State  and  city  authori- 
ties, as  well  as  by  the  citizens  of  Chicago  generally,  that  in 
locating  the  Exposition,  part  should  be  placed  on  the  Lake 
Front;  and, 

"WHEREAS,  It  is  believed  that  such  an  occupancy  by  a  por- 
tion of  the  Exposition  will  be  most  conducive  to  its  great  and 
permanent  success;  now,  therefore, 

"  Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  Hoard  of  Directors 
that  there  should  be  located  upon  the  Lake  Front  these  items  of 
the  Exposition: 

"  i.  The  Art  Exhibit  building,  which  shall  contain  all  oil- 
paintings,  water-colors,  engravings,  and  statuary  that  shall  be 
exhibited  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

"  2.  The  Decorative  Art  building,  which  shall  contain  all 
jewelry,  diamonds,  watches,  gold  and  silver  ornaments,  clocks, 
bronzes,  embroideries,  tapestries,  rugs,  Persian  carpets,  china, 
bric-a-brac,  gold  and  silverware,  and  all  other  articles  intended 
for  the  decoration  of  the  person,  table,  or  house  that  shall  be 
.exhibited  at  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

"  3.  The  building  in  which  shall  be  displayed  the  exhibit 
of  electrical  appliances  and  devices. 

"4.  Governmental  Department  exhibits,  including  exhibits 
from  the  State  Department,  Treasury  Department,  War  Depart- 
ment, Navy  Department,  Interior  Department,  Post-Orifice  De- 
partment, Department  of  Justice,  Smithsonian  Institution,  and 
National  Museum  and  Fish  and  Fisheries  Department. 

"5.      Musical  Hall. 

"6.     The  Water  Palace,  if  any. 

"  7.  A  portion  of  certain  miniature  villages  and  settlements 
of  curious  nationalities,  such  as  Indian,  Egyptian,  Persia^  Cen- 
tral African,  Chinese,  Japanese,  Armenian,  Russian,  arujj  others. 

"8.     An  aquarium  building. 


216  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Third  ges-  "  g.     An  electric  fountain  and  other  exhibits  analogous  to 

sion— Sec- 
ond Day.  the  foregoing,  or   supplementary  thereto,  and   necessary  to  make 

the   Lake   Front  exhibition  equal   in   interest   and   attractiveness 
to  the  other  portions  of  the  Fair. 

"  Resolved,  That  a  special  committee  of  four,  of  which  the 
President  shall  be  Chairman,  be  appointed  by  the  chair  to  pre- 
sent this  resolution  to  the  Grounds  and  Buildings  Committees  of 
the  United  States  Commission,  with  the  view  of  securing  their 
concurrence  in  the  premises." 

That  in  pursuance  of  said  resolutions  President  Gage  ap- 
pointed Directors  Palmer,  Higinbotham,  Cregier,  and  Young  as 
such  Committee,  and  gave  notice  to  your  Committee  to  meet 
them  at  3.30  p.  M.,  on  Friday;  that  your  Committee,  together 
with  President  Palmer,  attended  said  meeting  and  heard  fully 
the  arguments  of  the  various  members  of  the  Committee,  with 
a  view  to  learning  the  reasons  that  actuated  the  Directory  in  pass- 
ing said  resolutions,  and  desiring  to  secure  our  concurrence  there- 
in. The  arguments  were  not  new.  They  were  familiar  to  your 
Committee  and  would  no  doubt  be  to  you.  Sketches  of  build- 
ings to  be  constructed  on  the  Lake  Front  to  accommodate  that 
portion  of  the  exhibit  authorized  by  the  resolutions  were  pre- 
sented and  examined  by  your  Committee.  Part  of  these  build- 
ings were  to  be  located  east  and  part  west  of  the  Illinois  Cen- 
tral Railroad  track,  viaducts  to  be  provided,  and  the  roadway,  as 
far  as  practicable,  to  be  covered  over.  The  smoke  from  the  en- 
gines and  the  constant  ringing  of  bells  and  blowing  of  whistles 
in  the  midst  of  the  Exposition  buildings  would,  in  the  opinion 
of  your  Committee,  be  a  fatal  objection  to  such  construction, 
and  they  so  advised  the  Committee  of  the  Directory,  who  ex- 
pressed the  opinion  that  it  would  be  desirable  to  have  the 
tracks  of  the  railroad  moved  out  to  the  lake  shore  after  making 
the  necessary  fill.  The  Committees  adjourned  until  7.30  p.  M., 
on  Saturday  evening,  when  the  complications  that  have  arisen  in 
the  use  of  Washington  Park  were  brought  up,  and  this  with  the 
comparative  advantages  as  between  Washington  and  Jackson 
Parks  for  the  main  Exposition  buildings  were  fully  discussed. 
The  architects  of  the  Directory,  who  were  present  with  surveys 
and  sketches  of  the  buildings  as  they  would  design  them  for 
each  park,  are  decided  in  their  preference  for  Jackson  Park. 
Without  reaching  any  conclusion,  the  Committees  adjourned  to 
meet  at  3.30  p.  M.,  on  Monday,  at  the  rooms  of  the  Directory. 


Minutes  of  the    Third  Session.  217 

At  the  meeting  on    Monday,  the  Executive  Committee  of  Third  ses- 

.        .         .  pion— See- 

the Commission  by  invitation  attended  in  a  body,  and  by  invita-    ond  Dfty- 

tion  of  the  Committee  of  the  Directory  the  Congressional 
Committee  on  the  World's  Fair  also  attended,  and  an  exhaustive 
report  was  made  by  Messrs.  Burnham  and  Root  showing  the 
comparative  advantages  of  Washington  and  Jackson  parks  as 
the  location  of  the  main  buildings,  and  making  a  very  strong 
showing  in  favor  of  Jackson  Park.  They  claim  that  it  will  take 
$1,115,700  to  improve  Jackson  Park  in  a  manner  fit  for  its  occu- 
pancy by  the  Exposition  buildings.  Of  this  sum  the  South  Park 
Board  will  be  able  to  contribute  §230,000  which  it  has  on  hand 
for  the  improvement  of  this  park.  It  will  cost,  the  engineers 
say,  $826,000  to  make  Washington  Park  equally  serviceable  for 
Exposition  purposes,  and  to  that  expenditure  would  have  to 
be  added  $200,000  to  restore  it.  Assuming  the  calculation  to  be 
correct,  trje  saving  of  money  by  improving  Jackson  Park 
would  be  about  $150,000,  and  these  experts  claim  it  would 
amount  to  even  $200,000. 

The  Directory,  at  their  meeting  on  Monday  evening,  con- 
sidered the  resolution  passed  by  the  Executive  Committee  of  the 
Commission  in  reference  to  the  demand  that  they  make  good 
their  unconditional  tender  of  Washington  Park  by  securing  a 
modification  of  the  ordinance  of  the  South  Park  Commissioners, 
passed  the  following  resolution  : 

Resolved,  That  Messrs.  Palmer,  Davis,  and  Jeffery  be  ap- 
pointed a  committee  to  wait  on  the  South  Park  Commissioners 
and  request  them  to  so  amend  the  ordinance  granting  the  use 
of  Washington  Park,  as  to  allow  the  use  of  the  same  for  the 
World's  Columbian  Exposition  without  restrictions;  and,  be  it 
further 

Resolved,  That  President  Palmer,  or  such  other  Commissioner 
as  he  may  select,  and  Mr.  Martindale  be  requested  to  accompany 
said  committee. 

President  Palmer  and  Commissioners  Martindale  and 
White,  of  the  Committee  on  Grounds  and  Buildings;  Mr.  Ritchie, 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Manufacturing,  and  Mr.  Sims, 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Electricity,  met  with  the  Com- 
mittee of  the  Directory  and  the  Board  of  South  Park  Commis- 
sioners at  2.30  p.  M.,  on  Tuesday,  and  appealed  to  said  South 
Park  Commissioners  for  such  modification  of  iheir  ordinance  as 
would  enable  the  use  of  Washington  Park  for  the  main  build- 
ings of  the  Exposition.  This  appeal  was  made  earnestly  and  in 


218  World? s  Columbian  Commission. 

jses  all  good  faith  by  the  Directory  and  their  Committees,  The 
Day.  South  Park  Commissioners  declined  to  make  any  written  modi- 
fication of  the  ordinance,  but  expressed  a  friendly  disposition 
to  give  the  ordinance  a  liberal  construction  in  case  it  was 
decided  to  place  the  main  buildings  or  any  considerable  number 
of  the  minor  buildings  on  Washington  Park.  That  at  the 
meeting  of  the  Directory,  held  on  Monday  evening,  the  following 
resolution  was  adopted  to  take  the  place  of  the  one  adopted  by 
that  body  on  the  evening  of  the  loth,  in  reference  to  the  use  of 
the  Lake  Front: 

"  In  pursuance  of  the  report  of  the  conference  committee, 
and  in  harmony  with  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Grounds 
and  Buildings, 

"Resolved,  That  the  report  of  said  Grounds  and  Buildings 
Committee  be  accepted  and  adopted,  locating  the  following 
buildings  on  the  Lake  Front,  to-wit:  The  decorative  art 
building,  the  art  building,  music  hall,  electrical  display,  a  portion 
of  the  villages,  aquarium,  underground  mine  (if  any),  water 
palace  (if  any),  steel  tower  (if  any),  and  also  such  other  exhibits 
as  are  germane  thereto:  Provided,  That  no  buildings  shall  be 
located  east  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad  tracks." 

That  after  the  conference  with  and  unsuccessful  appeal 
made  to  the  Board  of  South  Park  Commissioners  by  the  Joint 
Committee  of  the  Directory  and  the  Commission,  the  Directory 
held  a  meeting  and  passed  by  almost  unanimous  vote  the  follow- 
ing resolutions: 

Resolved,  That  after  many  months  of  careful  consideration, 
and  having  studied  the  reports  and  figures  of  our  consulting  ar- 
chitects and  engineers,  it  is  the  sense  of  this  Board  that,  as  orig- 
inally contemplated,  the  best  interests  of  the  Exposition  demand 
that  the  same  be  mainly  located  in  Jackson  Park,  including  the 
principal  buildings  and  the  agricultural  exhibit,  to  be  united 
with  such  portion  on  the  Lake  Front  as  has  been  recently  prac- 
tically agreed  upon  by  the  Conference  Committee  of  the  National 
Commission  and  this  Board  ;  the  overflow  of  the  Exposition,  in 
case  the  above-mentioned  site  should  prove  to  any  extent  inade- 
quate, to  be  placed  upon  Midway  Plaisance  and  that  part  of 
Washington  Park  adjoining  and  abutting  on  said  Midway 
Plaisance. 

That  in  considering  the  question  of  the  location  of  the  main 
buildings  on  Jackson  Park  your  Committee  recognized  the  follow- 
ing facts: 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  219 

1.  The  Congressional  Committee  who  have  made  a  careful  Third  ses- 

siou— sec- 
examination  of  the  two  parks  unanimously  favor  and  advise  the 

location  on  Jackson  Park. 

2.  The  members  of  the  Board  of  Control  of  the  Govern- 
ment Exhibit  are  unanimous  in  their  opinion  that  Jackson  Park 
furnishes  the  better  facilities   for   the  Government   Exhibit  by 
reason  of  economy  in  handling  large  guns.     The  use  of  the  lake 
for  the  proper  display  of  their  Lite-saving  Station  and  the  Fish- 
eries and  Navy  Exhibit. 

3.  That  the  Engineers  and  Architects  have  an  unobstructed 
and  unrestricted  field  in  laying  out  and  planning  the  grounds  and 
buildings  and  utilizing  waterways  among  the  buildings. 

4.  That  the  Agricultural  and  Live  Stock  display  can  be  made 
on  the  80  acres  ot  high  land  in  the  southwest  corner  of  the  park, 
thereby  bringing  them  in  close  proximity  to  the  main  and  most 
attractive  part  of  the    Exposition. 

5.  That  the  large  meadow  on  Washington  Park  will  be  left 
free  for  the  use  of  military  and  civic  displays,  which  will  be  an 
attractive  feature  of  the  Exposition. 

6.  That  Jackson  Park  maybe  more  conveniently  connected 
by  rail  with  the  display  on  the  Lake  Front,  so  that  one  ticket  will 
enable  visitors  to  reach  all  parts  of  the  Exposition,  being  carried 
by  through  trains   from  the  inclosure  at  the   Lake  Front  to   the 
inclosure  at  Jackson  Park. 

7.  That  forbidding  any  display  on   the  east    side  of    the 
Illinois  Central  Railroad   tracks  on  the  Lake  Front,  the  Jackson 
Park   Lake  front  will  be  the  only  one  furnishing  visitors  to  the 
Exposition  an  unobstructed  lake  view. 

8.  That  the  Directory   who  were   elected  to   represent  the 
subscribers  to  the  fund  of  over  $6,000,000  and  the  City  of  Chicago 
in  its  municipal  character,  which  is  to  advance  $5,000,000,  have 
almost  unanimously  voted  in  favor  of  locating  the  main  Exposi- 
tion Buildings  in  Jackson  Park. 

Your  Committee,  therefore,  after  giving  all  the  facts  clue 
and  disinterested  consideration,  would  respectfully  recommend 
to  the  Commission  the  passage  of  the  following  resolutions: 

i.  Resolved,  That  the  question  of  site  so  happily  and  unani- 
mously settled  at  the  September  meeting  of  this  Commission, 
and  then  declared  to  be  "  satisfactorily  and  finally  settled  and 
disposed  of,"  shall  remain  undisturbed. 


220  World? s   Columbian   Commission. 

Third  ses-  2.  Resolved,  That  we  will  approve  plans  and  specifications 

for  suitable  and  adequate  buildings,  when  presented  by  the 
Directory,  to  be  located  west  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad 
tracks  on  that  part  of  the  site  known  as  "The  Lake  Front," 
to-wit  :  The  art  building,  decorative  art  building  (for  goods 
known  in  the  classification  as  Department  "K"),  music  hall, 
electrical  display,  water  palace  (if  any),  and  steel  tower  (if  any), 
and  also  such  other  exhibits  as  are  germane  thereto. 

3.  Resolved,  That  we  will  approve  plans  and  specifications 
for  suitable  and  adequate  buildings,  when  presented  by  the 
Directory,  to  be  located  on  that  part  of  the  site  known  as 
Jackson  Park,  in  which  to  make  the  display  under  the  following 
departments  of  the  classifications,  to-wit:  Department  A, 
Agriculture,  Forest  Products,  Forestry,  Machinery  and  Appli- 
ances. Department  B,  Viticulture,  Horticulture,  Floriculture. 
Department  C,  Live  Stock,  Domestic  and  Wild  Animals.  De- 
partment D,  Fish,  Fisheries,  Fish  Products,  and  Apparatus  of 
Fishing.  Department  E,  Mines,  Mining,  and  Metallurgy. 
Department  F,  Machinery.  Department  G,  Transportation, 
Railways,  Vessels,  and  Vehicles.  Department  H,  Manufactures. 
Department  J,  Electricity.  Department  M,  Ethnology,  Arche- 
ology, Progress  of  Labor  and  Invention,  and  Department  L, 
with  the  exception  of  Music  and  the  Drama,  also  to  be  located 
on  said  park;  the  Government  Building,  the  State  Buildings,  and 
Foreign  Buildings,  and  such  other  exhibits  as  are  germane 
thereto,  and  the  overflow  to  be  accommodated  on  the  Midway 
Plaisance  and  Washington  Park. 

In  conclusion,  your  Committee  would  say  for  the  informa- 
tion of  the  Commission,  that  no  plans  and  specifications  as  con- 
templated by  the  Fifth  Section  of  the  Act  of  Congress,  have  been 
presented  to  this  Committee,  and  they  are  informed  that  no  such 
plans  and  specifications  are  yet  definitely  decided  upon  by  the 
architects  of  the  Directory.  The  architects,  however,  give  it 
as  their  opinion  that  outlined  tentative  plans  and  very  general 
specifications  may  be  prepared  and  ready  for  presentation  to  this 
Commission  within  three  or  four  days.  In  view  of  the  impor- 
tance of  having  all  questions  as  to  the  location  of  the  Fair 
definitely  settled  by  the  Commission  and  in  the  public  mind, 
your  Committee  would  recommend  that  these  outlined  plans  and 
specifications  be  presented  by  the  Directory  and  accepted  by  this 
Commission  at  its  present  session,  and  that  by  agreement  of  both 
bodies  in  making  such  acceptance,  latitude  be  given  to  make 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  221 

minor  changes  in  perfecting  the  plans;  such  changes  to  be  sub- 

ject  to  the  approval  of  a  joint  Committee  of  the  Directory  and    ondDay. 

Commission. 

All  of  which  is  respectfully  reported  for  your  confirmation. 
E.  B.  MARTINDALE,  Chairman, 
RICHARD  MANSFIELD  WHITE, 
MARK  L.  MCDONALD, 
JOHN  T.   HARRIS, 
THOMAS  SMITH, 
M.   HENRY  LANE. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  St.  Glair,'  of  West  Virginia,  the  report  of 
the  Executive  Committee,  submitted  on  Tuesday,  November 
i8th,  and  now  on  the  table,  was  made  the  third  order  of  business 
for  1 1  o'clock  on  Thursday. 

Mr.  Bullock,  of  Massachusetts,  offered  the  following  resolu-   Sion 

adopted. 

tion,  which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  report  of  a  system  of  classification  of  the 
Committee  on  Classification  be  adopted  as  the  classification  of 
the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  subject  to  such  revision  of 
the  groups  and  classes  and  additions  thereto  as  may  hereafter 
be  deemed  necessary;  all  matters  relating  to  such  revision,  and 
additions  to  the  groups  and  classes,  to  be  referred  to  the  Com- 
mittee on  Classification. 

Mr.  Lowndes,  of  Maryland,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  members  of  the  Commission  be  requested 
not  to  smoke  in  this  hall  during  the  sessions  of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  McKenzie,  of  Kentucky,  called  up  the  letter  of  the 
Secretary  of  the  Commission,  with  the  accompanying  sugges- 
tions as  to  the  formalities  to  be  observed  by  members  of  the 
Commission  in  preparing  vouchers  for  their  expenses  and  sub- 
sistence. 

After  considerable  debate,  upon  the  motion  of  Mr.  McKen- 
zie it  was  ordered  that  300  copies  be  printed  for  the  informa- 
tion of  Commissioners. 

Mr.  Goff,  of  Rhode  Island,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  adopted: 


222  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

_s-c  Resolved,  That  during  the  recesses  of  this  Commission  the 

ondDay.  officer  in  charge  be  instructed  to  allow  no  person  not  a  member 
of  this  Commission  to  have  access  to  the  desks  or  papers  in  this 
room. 

Mr.  Britton,  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  offered  the  follow- 
ing resolution,  which  was,  under  the  rule,  referred  to  the  Com- 
mittee on  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws: 

Resolved,  That  the  Buildings  and  Grounds  Committee  be 
increased  by  the  addition  of  two  members,  to  be  appointed  by 
the  President  of  the  Commission. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  until  Thursday  morning 
at  10  o'clock. 


Third  Session—Third  Day,  Thursday, 
November  20,  1890. 

™on-es~  The    Commission  met  in  the  Council  Chamber,  City  Hall, 

Third  Day. 

at  10  o'clock  A.  M.     President  Palmer  in  the  chair. 

uoii-caii.  The  roll  was  called,  and  the  following  Members  and  Alter- 

nates were  present: 

COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE. — California,  M.  L.  McDonald; 
Kentucky,  W.  Lindsay;  Massachusetts,  A.  G.  Bullock;  Michigan, 
T.  W.  Palmer;  Nebraska,  R.  W.  Furnas,  alternate;  New  York, 
G.  W.  Allen. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. — A.  T.  Brit- 
ton,  D.  Clagett,  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  STATES. — Alabama,  G.  L.  Werth, 
alternate;  Arkansas,  J.  D.  Adams;  California,  M.  H.  cle  Young,  W. 
Forsyth;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J.  V.  Skiff;  Connecticut,  L. 
Brainard,  T.  M.  Waller;  Delaware,  G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H.  Porter; 
Florida,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turnbull;  Georgia,  L.  McLaws,  C.  H.  Way; 
Idaho,  G.  A.  Manning,  J.  E.  Stearns;  Illinois,  C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T. 
Ewing;  Indiana,  T.  E.  Garvin,  E.  B.  Martindale;  Iowa,  W.  F. 
"King,  J.  Eiboeck,  alternate;  Kansas,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  R.  R. 
Price;  Kentucky,  J.  Bennett,  J.  A.  McKenzie;  Louisiana,  D.  B. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  223 

Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate;  Maine,  A.  R.  Bixby,  C.  S.  Ed- Third ses-^ 
wards,  alternate;  Maryland,  J.  Hodges,  L.  Lowndes;  Massachu- 
setts, F.  W.  Brewed;  Michigan,  M.  H.  Lane,  C.  H.  Richmond; 
Minnesota,  M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V.  Tousley;  Mississippi,  J.  M. 
Bynum,  R.  L.  Saunders;  Missouri,  T.  B.  Bullene,  C.  H.  Jones; 
Montana,  A.  H.  Mitchell;  Nebraska,  A.  G.  Scott,  W.  L.  May,  alter- 
nate; Nevada,  J.  W.  Haines,  G.  Russell;  New  Hampshire,  W. 
Aiken,  F.  E.  Kaley,  alternate;  New  Jersey,  W.  J.  Sewell,  T. 
Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H.  Breslin,  alternate;  North 
Carolina,  T.  B.  Keogh;  North  Dakota,  H.  P.  Rucker,  M.  Ryan; 
Ohio,  H.  P.  Platt,  W.  Ritchie;  Oregon,  H.  Klippel,  M.  Wilkins; 
Pennsylvania,  W.- McClelland,  J.  W.  Woodside;  Rhode  Island, 
L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina,  J.  R.  Cochran,  E.  L. 
Roche,  alternate;  South  Dakota,  S.  A.  Ramsey,  L.  S.  Bullard, 
alternates:  Tennessee,  T.  L.  Williams,  R.  Strong,  alternate; 
Texas,  J.  T.  Dickinson;  Vermont,  A.  F.  Walker,  H.  Atkins, 
alternates;  Virginia,  V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T.  Harris;  Washington, 
H.  Drum,  C.  B.  Bagley,  alternate;  West  Virginia,  J.  D.  Butt,  J. 
W.  St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,  P.  Allen,  Jr.,  J.  L.  Mitchell;  Wyoming, 
A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate.  « 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  TERRITORIES. — Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats; 
New  Mexico,  R.  M.  White,  L.  C.  Tetard,  alternate;  Oklahoma, 
O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah,  F.  J.  Kiesel,  P.  H.  Lannan. 

Mr.  Garvin,  of  Indiana,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  onReportof 

the  Audit 

Auditing,  submitted  the  following  report,  which  was  ordered  to    j£ft£lm" 
be  printed  and  to    lie  on  the  table  for  action   Friday  morning 
after  the  regular  order: 

CHICAGO,  November  19,  1890. 

Hon.  THOS.  W.   PALMER,    President    World's    Columbian    Com- 
mission: 

DEAR  SIR:  Your  Committee  on  Auditing  respectfully  sub- 
mit to  you  and  to  the  Commission  the  following  report: 

The  Committee  met  in  this  city  on  the  i3th  inst.,  in  pur- 
suance of  your  request  and  also  of  a  resolution  of  the  Committee 
adopted  at  its  first  meeting,  held  September  24,  1890.  The  duties 
of  this  Committee,  as  defined  in  the  By-Laws  of  this  body,  are  as 
follows:  "They  shall  have  charge  of  examining  and  auditing 
all  bills  and  accounts  of  this  Commission." 


224  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Third  sea-  The  Committee  have  examined  into  the  methods  employed 

si  on—  J 

Third  Day.  jn  the  Secretary's  office  in  keeping  the  accounts  .of  the  Com- 
mission, and  found  that  all  vouchers  were  prepared  in  duplicate 
and  forwarded  to  the  Treasury  Department  for  allowance  and 
payment;  that  a  second  duplicate  is  filed  in  his  office  with  the 
claim,  contract  or  account  upon  which  the  voucher  is  based, 
attached  thereto  for  preservation  and  reference.  These  vouchers 
are  numbered  consecutively,  commencing  at  No.  i  at  the  organ- 
ization of  the  Commission.  Upon  each  voucher  is  stamped  the 
distribution  of  its  amounts,  by  showing  what  part  of  it  is 
chargeable  to  transportation,  subsistence,  salaries,  supplies, 
fixtures,  printing,  and  incidentals,  which  are  the  respective  heads 
under  which  all  the  accounts  of  the  Commission  are  classified, 
and  appear  to  us  to  be  sufficiently  comprehensive  to  embrace  all 
the  expenditures. 

This  memorandum  of  distribution  is  in  like  manner  trans- 
ferred to  the  Register  and  Journal,  showing  at  a  glance  what  is 
expended  in  each  part  of  the  Commission  work. 

We  have  examined  into  the  correctness  of  figures  in  each 
voucher,  and  the  distribution  of  its  amount,  from  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  Commission  up  to  the  present  date,  and  which 
embraces  all  vouchers  from  A  No.  i  to  A  No.  204,  B  No.  i  to 
B  No.  71,  inclusive. 

The  account-books  of  the  Commission  are  the  Voucher 
Register  and  Journal  and  Ledger,  which  we  have  also  examined, 
comparing  each  voucher  with  the  entry  upon  the  books,  and 
finding  a  complete  verification  throughout,  and  also  finding  the 
total  of  each  and  every  column  to  be  correct,  and  that  the  Ledger 
shows  the  individual  account  of  each  Commissioner. 

The  system,  as  prepared  by  Mr.  O.  R.  Sinclair,  the  very 
efficient  accountant,  and  adopted  by  Secretary  Dickinson,  is  simple 
and  comprehensive,  and  is  of  great  assistance  to  the  perfect 
examination  of  accounts.  The  various  purchases  of  supplies 
made  by  the  Secretary  for  use  of  the  Commission  have  been,  so 
far  as  wre  were  able  to  judge,  made  in  the  spirit  of  wisdom  and 
economy.  An  inventory  is  kept  in  his  office  of  all  property 
purchased  and  owned  by  the  Commission,  and  its  care  and' 
preservation  is  made  the  duty  of  one  of  the  employes  of  his 
office,  in  connection  with  other  duties. 

We  find  the  following  to  be  the  summary  of  the  expenses  of 
the  Commission,  as  per  vouchers,  and  forwarded  to  the  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury  for  payment : 


Mihutes  of  the   Third  Session.  225 

First  session  of  the  Commission  (of  which  $6,624.^6  Third  ses- 

sion— 
was  for  transportation  and  $7,406  for  subsist-  Third  Day 

ence)  . $15,806  61 

Second  session  of  the  Commission  (of  which  $4,524.32 
was  for  transportation  and  $6,633.50  for  sub- 
sistence)  .__ 13,46$  48 

Centennial  reports  for  Commissioners  (purchased  by 

Committee  on  Permanent  Organization). I,324  4° 

Expense  of  Committee  on  Permanent  Organization--  423  05 

Expense  of  Committee  on  Judiciary 207  40 

Expense  of  Executive  Committee 1,241  36 

Expense  of  Committee  on  Classification ._  *,473  7° 

Expense  of  Committee  on  Ceremonies 72  85 

Expense  of  Committee  on  Fish  and  Fish  Culture 71  50 

Expense   of  Committee  on  Electricity  and  Electrical 

Appliances 18  15 

Expense  of  Committee  on  Grounds  and  Buildings 132  90 

Expense  of  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs 20  85 

Expense  of  Committee  on  Fine  Arts 221  92 

Lady  Managers  (lithographs  and  printing  of  commis- 
sions)    328  55 

Expense  of  President's  office  (clerkship,  supplies,  and 

furniture)     ., 633  49 

Expense  of  Secretary's  office  (salaries,  clerkships,  sup- 
plies and  furniture) 5-739  95 

Expense  of  Director-General's  office  (salaries,  sup- 
plies, and  furniture) 2,223  45 

Expense  of  Vice-Chairman's  office  (salaries,  supplies, 

and  furniture) 912  30 


TotaL-  --$44,3i5   91 

In  addition  to  this  there  are  bills  and  accounts  outstanding 
which  have  not  yet  been  passed  upon,  which  will  increase  the 
expense  of  the  Commission  up  to  the  time  of  this  session  to 
about  $5 1,000. 

The  amount  of  printing"  bills  allowed  and  included  in  the 
above  summary  is  $3,077.05.  It  is  proper  to  remark  that,  while 
this  charge  of  printing  appears  unduly  large,  it  must  be  remem- 
bered that  this  work  was  done  upon  the  direct  order  of  the 
Commission;  that  a  great  amount  of  it  was  night  work,  which  is 
always  expensive,  and  much  of  it  ordered  hastily;  and  some,  in 
fact,  unnecessarily,,  but  by  order  of  the  Commission  during  its 


226  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Thtrd_ses-  session.  The  prices  charged  for  the  printing  are  the  customary 
Third  Day.  rates  for  work  of  that  kind. 

While  the  amount  expended  by  the  Commission  during  the 
five  months  of  its  existence  is  large,  it  should  be  borne  in  mind 
that  it  embraces  in  its  details  the  cost  of  organization — an 
expense  not  to  be  repeated;  that  it  includes  the  cost  of  the  com- 
plete equipment  of  the  various  offices  of  the  Commission,  which 
will  continue  in  use  as  long  as  the  Commission  exists;  that  it 
embraces  stationery  and  various  supplies  sufficient  to  meet  the 
wants  of  the  Commission  and  its  officers  for  several  months  to 
come.  If  the  expense  thus  far  ($51,000)  be  deducted  from  the 
$200,000  appropriated  by  the  Act  of  Congress,  there  would 
remain  a  balance  of  $149,000.  But  it  must  not  be  assumed  that 
this  apparent  balance  is  at  the  command  of  this  Commission, 
for  the  United  States  Exhibit  Board  at  Washington,  represent- 
ing the  several  departments  of  the  Government,  are  also  author- 
ized to  make  drafts  upon  this  fund  for  the  purposes  of  the 
National  Exhibit,  and  to  what  extent  this  balance  has  been 
depleted  at  that  end  of  the  line  your  Committee  has  no  informa- 
tion, but  prudence  indicates  the  necessity  of  indulging  in  no 
expense  that  can  be  reasonably  avoided. 

Much  labor  and  delay  can  be  saved  if  the  Commissioners 
would  be  more  particular  in  preparing  their  vouchers  for  subsist- 
ence and  transportation.  We  have  been  convinced  of  the 
necessity  of  this,  and  earnestly  recommend  the  Commission  to 
observe  the  suggestions  made  by  the  Secretary  yesterday  upon 
this  subject.  The  Treasury  Department  has  forwarded  to  the 
Secretary  a  complete  and  proper  form  for  the  guidance  of  Com- 
missioners, and  we  recommend  that  the  Secretary  furnish  each 
Commissioner  with  a  copy  of  that  form.  We  also  suggest  that 
Commissioners,  immediately  upon  their  return  home,  prepare  their 
vouchers  and  forward  them  at  once  to  the  Secretary,  that  they 
may  be  early  transmitted  by  him  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treas- 
ury for  payment.  Your  attention  to  this  will  render  great  assist- 
ance in  expediting  business  and  the  final  settlement  of  your  claims. 

In  the  performance  of  our  duties  we  have  passed  only  upon 
bills  that  have  been  certified  to  by  the  Secretary  and  paid  by  the 
Treasury  Department,  certifying  only  as  to  their  correctness  in 
footings  and  transfer  to  the  several  departments  to  which  they 
properly  belong.  AVe  have  not  inquired  into  the  advisability  of 
any  purchase,  or  the  reasonableness  of  any  charge,  but  simply 
the  correctness  of  the  amounts.  We  are  in  doubt  as  to  the  scope 


Minutes  of  the    Third  Session.  227 

of  our  authority,  and  desire   that  this  part  of  our  report  be  re-  Third  ses- 
ferred  to  the  Judiciary  Committee,  that  our  duties  may  be  more  ThirdDay- 
fully  denned,  and   that  we  may  know  if  they  are  simply  super- 
visory, or  if  we  are  expected  to  pass  upon  the  correctness  of  any 
or  all  claims  before  they  are  allowed  and  paid  by  the  Treasury. 

It  is  but  proper  for  us  to  say  in  conclusion,  that  the  multi- 
tude of  duties  imposed  upon  the  Secretary  of  the  Commission 
in  its  organization  and  plans  of  work  has  rendered  it  impossible 
for  him  to  properly  arrange  a  system  of  accounts  before  the 
first  of  October,  but  since  that  time,  with  the  aid  of  his  efficient 
accountant,  Mr.  O.  R.  Sinclair,  the  perfect  system  now  in  use 
has  been  adopted,  which  to  us  is  another  evidence  of  the  wisdom 
of  this  Commission  in  its  selection  of  Mr.  Dickinson  for  the 
office  of  Secretary  and  his  business  ability  in  the  choice  of  able 
and  obliging  assistants  that  surround  him. 
Respectfully  submitted, 

PHIL.  ALLEN,  JR., 

C.   K.   HOLLIDAY,  JR., 

JAS.  D.  BUTT, 

THOS.   E.  GARVIN, 

Chairman. 

Mr.  Britton,  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  on  behalf  of  the 
Executive  Committee,  submitted  the  following  resolution,  as  part 
of  the  proceedings  of  that  Committee,  which  was  read  and 
ordered  printed  as  part  of  the  minutes  of  the  Commission: 

Resolved,  That  the  resolution  of  this  Executive  Committee 
relating  to  the  vouchers  of  the  Foreign  Affairs  Committee  was 
intended  to  simply  refer  the  communication  of  the  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury  to  the  Commission,  and  to  hold  the  matter  in  abey- 
ance" until  the  Foreign  Affairs  Committee  should  have  presented 
the  subject  in  its  own  way  to  the  Commission,  and  should  have 
secured  appropriate  action  thereupon  ;  and  that  the  record  of  the 
Committee  should  be  corrected  so  as  to  express  that  intent  in 
such  form  as  will  remove  any  appearance  of  intentional  discourt- 
esy to  the  Foreign  Affairs  Committee. 

Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Tariffs  and  Transportation,  called  up  the  report  of  the  Committee 
and  asked  that  it  be  read  and  made  the  special  order  succeed- 
ing the  consideration  of  the  report  of  the  Executive  Committee, 
and  it  was  so  ordered. 


228  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Third  ses-  Mr.  Rucker,  of  North  Dakota,  submitted  the  following  reso- 

sion 

Third  Day'  lution  from  the  Committee  on  Live  Stock,  which  was  ordered  to 
be  printed  in  the  minutes: 

Resolved,  That  this  Committee  indorse  the  protest  made  by 
the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation  regarding  the  ap- 
pointment of  a  Traffic  Manager  by  the  Director-General  without 
consulting  said  Committee  or  its  Chairman. 

The  President  submitted  the  following  communication 
from  the  Convention  of  Breeders  of  Holstein-Friesian  Cattle, 
now  in  session  in  the  city,  which  was  ordered  to  lie  upon  the 
table  for  future  consideration: 

WHEREAS,  Being  deeply  interested  as  breeders  of  fine 
cattle,  that  the  live-stock  exhibit  of  the  World's  Fair  be  made 
the  finest,  if  not  the  most  extensive  (which  we  believe  it  should 
be)  that  has  ever  yet  been  witnessed,  and  realizing  the  great 
risk  and  expense  owners  of  valuable  animals  must  incur  in  the 
fitting,  transportation,  and  care  during  an  extended  period,  it  is 
therefore 

Resolved,  That  we  respectfully  ask: 

1.  For    liberal    space    and    buildings    within    the    general 
inclosure  of  the  Fair. 

2.  For  liberal  cash  premiums,  in  order  that  exhibitors  may 
be  assured  of  at  least  partial  reimbursement  of  expenses  incurred. 

consider*-  The  hour  of   IT  o'clock   having  arrived,   the  report  of  the 

lion  of  Re- 
Grounds    Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs,  which  was  the  special  order,  was 

and  Bni'd- 

mfttec°m  ky  unanimous  consent  laid  aside  temporarily,  without  losing- 
place,  and  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Grounds  and  Build- 
ings weft  taken  up  on  motion  of  Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana, 
Chairman. 

Mr.  de  Young  of  California,  offered  the  following  amend- 
ment to  the  report: 

Amend  the  second  resolution  to  read  as  follows: 

2.  Resolved,  That  we  will  approve  plans  and  specifications 
for  suitable  and  adequate  buildings,  when  presented  by  the 
Directory,  to  be  located  west  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad 
tracks,  on  that  part  of  the  site  known  as  "  The  Lake  Front," 
to-wit:  The  art  and  decorative  art  buildings  (for  goods  known 
in  the  classification  as  Department  UK"),  music  hall,  electrical 


Minutes  of  the   Third,  Session.  229 

display,  water  palace  (if  any),  and  steel  tower  (if  any),  and  also  Third 
such  other  exhibits  as  are  germane  thereto. 

(Mr.  McKenzie  in  the  chair.) 

Mr.  Mercer,  of  Wyoming,  offered  the  following  amendment 
to  the  amendment: 

Resolved,  That  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Grounds  and 
Buildings  be  and  the  same  is  hereby  amended  as  follows  : 

Change  the  second  resolution  so  as  to  read  : 

2.  Resolved,  That  we  will  approve  plans  and  specifications 
for  suitable  and  adequate  buildings,  when  presented  by  the 
Directory,  to  be  located  west  of  the  Illinois  Central  Railroad 
tracks,  on  that  part  of  the  site  known  as  "  The  Lake  Front," 
to-wit  :  The  art  building  (for  goods  known  in  the  classification 
as  Department  "  K  "),  music  hall,  electrical  plant  for  night  dis- 
play, water  palace  (if  any),  and  steel  tower  (if  any). 

Mr.  Mercer  sent  to  the  desk  and  had  read  as  part  of  his  re- 
marks the  following  preamble  and  resolutions  of  the  Western 
Fair  Association  : 

WHEREAS,  The  matter  of  locating  the  site  and  distributing 
the  buildings  for  the  World's  Fair  of  1893  is  now  under  consid- 
eration by  the  United  States  World's  Fair  Commission;  and, 

WHEREAS,  A  proposition  has  been  made  to  that  body  to 
place  a  number  of  important  departments  upon  what  is  known 
as  the  "  Lake  Front,"  and  the  residue  upon  grounds  several 
miles  distant  therefrom;  and, 

WHEREAS,  We  the  delegates  to  this  meeting  of  the  Western 
Fair  Association,  representing  the  States  of  Ohio,  Michigan, 
Indiana,  Illinois,  Missouri,  Kansas,  Nebraska,  Wisconsin,  Iowa, 
Minnesota,  Oregon,  Wyoming,  and  Colorado,  have  considered 
the  subject  and  feel  a  deep  interest  in  the  success  of  the  proposed 
Fair;  it  is  therefore 

Resolved,  That  we  do  hereby,  on  behalf  of  our  several  con- 
stituencies, most  earnestly  object  to,  and  protest  against,  any 
such  separation  whatever  as  contemplated  by  the  Directory  of 
the  Local  Corporation,  for  the  following  among  other  good  and 
sufficient  reasons: 

1.  No  local  conditions  as  to  grounds   render  it  imperative 
or  yi  the  slightest  degree  justify  it. 

2.  It  would  detract  immensely  from  the  significance  and 
importance  of  the  Fair  as  a  whole. 

16 


230  World's  Columbian   Commission. 

s"  3-     It  involves  a  plain   discrimination  against  the  interests 

Day'and  vocations  of  the  millions  of  our  citizens  engaged  in  the  pur- 
suits of  agriculture  and  the  mechanical  arts,  prompted  by  consid- 
erations which  are  wholly  unworthy  a  moment's  attention  at  the 
hands  of  a  body  composed  of  American  scholars  and  statesmen; 
it  is,  therefore,  further 

Resolved,  That  the  members  of  the  National  Commission 
are  hereby  urgently  requested  to  firmly  exercise,  their  legal 
authority,  under  which  they  alone  are  responsible  to  the  people, 
and  to  refuse  their  approval  of  any  scheme  by  which  it  is  sought 
to  place  any  one  or  more  legitimate  integral  department  or 
departments  of  the  World's  Fair  remote  from  the  residue,  thus 
preserving  it  in  all  its  essential  parts  compact  and  entire. 

(Signed)  J.  L.  LEWIS,  Secretary. 

CHICAGO,  November  18,  1890. 

Adopted.  The  proposed  amendments  of  Mr.  cle  Young  and  Mr.  Mercer 

were  voted  down,  and  the  report  of  the  Committee  was  adopted. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  offered  the  following  pre- 
amble and  resolution,  which,  by  unanimous  consent,  was  made 
the  special  order  for  2  o'clock  p.  M.  to-day: 

Efo?se!ect  WHEREAS,   This   Commission,   at  its  session  in   September, 

enclf  com- T 890,  by  the  unanimous  adoption  of  the  report  of  its  Judiciary 
Committee,  declared  its  views  of  the  rights,  powers,  and  privi- 
leges whereof  it  is  possessed  touching  the  World's  Fair  under- 
taking; and, 

WTHEREAS,  In  the  lawful  pursuit  of  the  powers  wherewith  it 
believes  itself  to  be  invested,  this  Commission  has  exercised  due 
diligence  touching  all  matters  which  it  is  clearly  its  province 
preliminarily  to  determine,  to  promote  the  success  and  prosperity 
of  the  said  Fair  as  a  National  and  International  undertaking,  but 
in  all  its  efforts  in  that  direction  it  has  been  confronted  with 
delays  and  impediments  arising  out  of  the  omission  of  the  Illi- 
nois Corporation  to  tender  an  adequate  and  proper  site,  and  its 
failure  to  submit  plans  and  specifications  of  the  buildings  for 
approval,  as  contemplated  by  the  Act  of  Congress,  so  that  the 
proper  and  necessary  certification  may  be  made  to  the  President 

of  the  United  States  in  that  behalf;  and, 

* 

WHEREAS,  This  Commission  has  effected  its  organization, 
and  appointed  its  officers  promptly,  in  order  that  it  might  be 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  231 

equipped  effectively  to  discharge  its  functions  with  the  greatest  TWrdseB- 
promptitude,  but  notwithstanding  this,  and  although  the  present   Third  Day. 
session  was  called  expressly  to  consider  the  plans  and  specifica- 
tions of   buildings,  no  plans  have  yet  been  submitted   by  the 
Illinois  Corporation,  but  on  the  contrary,  by  means  of  published 
interviews  and  otherwise,  it  is  apparently  the  purpose  and-  policy 
of    the  Illinois  Corporation  to    continue  controversy  with   the 
Commission  as  to  its  powers,  and  to  reflect  upon  the  manner  in 
which  the  Commission  has  discharged  its  duties;  and, 

WHEREAS,  Upon  the  recommendation  and  nomination  of 
the  Illinois  Corporation,  the  Commission  has  elected  a  Director- 
General,  who  is  now  practically  refused  full  recognition  by  the 
said  Corporation;  and, 

WHEREAS,  In  view  of  these  conditions,  it  is  essentially 
necessary  that  this  Commission  should  speedily  determine  upon 
a  settled  policy  to  be  by  it  pursued,  so  that  its  lawful  powers 
may  be  asserted  and  exercised,  and  these  unfortunate  conditions 
and  difficulties  may  be  removed  and  remedied;  and  so  as  that 
the  material  interests  and  prosperity  of  the  World's  Fair  may 
not  be  impeded,  nor  its  National  and  International  character 
in  any  wise  disregarded;  therefore 

Resolved,  That  a  Special  Committee,  to  be  composed  of  each 
of  the  Chairmen  of  the  several  Standing  Committees  of  this  body 
and  such  other  Commissioners  as  they  may  add  to  their  number, 
be,  and  is  hereby  constituted  to  consider  the  situation  of  affairs  set 
forth  in  the  preamble,  and  report  its  conclusions  as  to  the  proper 
policy  to  be  adopted  by  the  Commission  in  the  premises  as  early 
as  practicable,  and  to  this  end,  that  said  Committee  shall  be 
authorized  to  invite  a  conference  with  the  Illinois  Corporation. 

The  President  presented  and  had  read  the  following  com- 
munication, and  recommended  the  members  of  the  Commission 
to  accept  the  invitation  therein  contained: 


CHICAGO,  November  20,  1890. 

B.  Norton! 

Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

SIR:  The  States'  Association  requests  the  Commissioners 
and  Alternates  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission  to  attend 
a  lecture  on  the  subject  of  World's  Fairs,  by  General  C.  B.  Nor- 
ton, at  the  Club  Room  of  the  Palmer  House,  on  Monday  evening, 
November  24th. 


232  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

s.  The  great  experience  of  General  Norton  in  exposition  work, 

Third  Day.  ancj  hjs  thorough  familiarity  with  the  subject,  assure  an  interest- 
ing occasion. 

Very  respectfully, 

LEROY  D.  THOMAN, 

HENRY  SHELDON,  President. 

Secretary. 

Mr.  Dickinson,  of  Texas,  by  unanimous  consent,  offered  the 
following  resolution,  which  was  unanimously  adopted: 
Resolution  Resolved,  That   this  Commission  heartily   congratulates  the 

of  pS1011  Board  of  Lady  Managers  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition 
Board  of     upon   their   organization   and  the   unanimous  election    of   Mrs. 
agers.     •   Potter  Palmer,   of  Chicago,  as  their  permanent  Chairman,  and 
that  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission  be  directed  to  transmit  a 
copy  of  this  resolution  to  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  immedi- 
ately. 

The  Commission  adjourned  until  2.30  P.  M. 


The   Commission    reassembled    at  2.30  PO  M.,  and  Mr.    St. 
Clair  called  up  his  resolutions,  and  moved  their  adoption. 
Mr.  de  Young  offered  the  following  as  a  substitute: 

WHEREAS,  For  the  better  management  of  the  business  of 
the  Exposition,  the  World's  Columbian  Commission  has  elected 
a  Director-General;  and, 

WHEREAS,  The  Illinois  Corporation,  in  its  By-Laws,  has  also 
recognized  the  necessity  for  a  Director-General,  and  recom- 
mended to  this  Commission  the  name  of  Colonel  Davis  for 
appointment  to  that  place;  and, 

WHEREAS,  The  World's  Columbian  Commission  has  elected 
for  Director-General  Colonel  George  R.  Davis,  a  member  of  the 
Illinois  Corporation  ;  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  Illinois  Corporation  be  requested,  in  a 
spirit  of  conciliation  and  what  is  believed  to  be  wisdom,  to 
formally  recognize  Colonel  Davis  as  their  Director-General  as  well 
as  the  Director-General  of  the  Commission,  thereby  uniting 
under  one  head  the  management  of  the  Exposition,  and  securing 
harmony  between  the  Commission  and  the  Illinois  Corporation, 
both  essential  to  the  success  of  this  great  enterprise. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  233 


Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  moved  that  the  original  resolu-  Besoiution_ 

tions  and  the  substitute  be   referred  to  a  select  committee  of    ence  Com- 

mittee re- 

six,  to  consist  of  Mr.  St.  Clair,  Mr.  de  Young,  and   four  others,    J^ffi0 

Commit- 

and  the  motion  prevailed.  tee. 

The  President  appointed  Commissioners  St.  Clair,  de  Young, 
Lindsay,  Massey,  Waller,  and  Martindale  as  the  Select 
Committee. 

Mr.    Lindsay,  Chairman   of   the   Committee   on   Judiciary,  Conf£Sii 
Rules,  and  By-Laws,  submitted    the  following  communication    states. 
from  the  Secretary  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  Asso- 
ciation, of  Chicago: 

CHICAGO,  November  19,  1890. 
Hon.   WM.   LINDSAY,   Chairman  Committee  Judiciary  National 

Commission: 

DEAR  SIR:  The  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Legislation 
of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  requests  a  conference 
between  your  Committee  and  his  own,  for  the  purpose  of  con- 
sidering what  legislation  should  be  asked  for  of  the  several 
States. 

Will  you  kindly  notify  me  at  what  time  you  will  be  pleased 
to  meet  the  members  on  Legislation. 

Very  respectfully, 

BENJ.  BUTTERWORTH, 

Secretary. 

Mr.  McKenzie  moved,  and  it  was  voted,  that  the  Judiciary 
Committee  be  authorized  to  hold  the  conference  asked  for 
in  the  foregoing  communication. 

Mr.  Drum,  of  Washington,  offered  the  following  resolutions, 
and  asked  that  they  be  referred  to  the  Select  Committee  just 
appointed: 

WHEREAS,  The  Act  establishing  this  Commission,  as  passed 
by  the  Congress  of  the  United  States,  and  approved  April  25, 
1890,  is  not  sufficiently  explicit  in  that  portion  of  said  Act 
denning  the  duties  and  powers  of  both  the  Commissioners  of  the 
World's  Columbian  Commission  and  the  Directors  representing 
the  Corporation  established  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of 
Illinois,  entitled  in  said  Act  as  the  World's  Exposition  of  1892, 
as  to  prevent  a  conflict  of  authority  in  the  organization  and 


234  World? s  Columbian  Commission. 

Third  jes-  consummation  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  to  be  held  in 
Third  Day.  Chicago  in  1892,  as  provided  in  said  Act;  therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  That  this  Commission  petition  Congress,  at  its  next 
session,  to  so  amend  said  law  as  to  clearly  define  the  exact  duties 
and  powers  of  this  Commission,  and  if  it  was  not  originally 
intended  in  said  Act  of  Congress  that  this  Commission  should 
have  the  control  of  all  matters  relating  to  exhibits  displayed  at 
such  Exposition,  to  then  so  amend  said  law,  denning  explicitly 
the  relation  this  Commission  shall  bear  to  said  Local  Board  of 
Directors  of  Chicago  in  the  arrangement  and  management  of 
said  Exposition; 

Resolved,  That  this  Commission  hold  no  further  meetings 
after  the  adjournment  of  the  present  session  until  Congress  shall 
have  taken  some  action  in  this  matter. 

Mr.  Massey  raised  the  point  of  order  that  as  the  resolutions 
of  Mr.  Drum  contemplated  changes  in  the  By-Laws,  they  were 
properly  referable  to  the  Judiciary  Committee. 

The  point  of  order  was  sustained,  and  the  resolutions  were 
so  referred. 

The  following  Committee  meetings  were  announced: 

Mines  and  Mining,  at  4.30  p.  M.,  in  Council  Chamber. 

Fine  Arts,  in  Auditorium  Hotel,  4.30  p.  M. 

Education,  Science,  and  Literature,  at  9.30  A.  M.,  Novem- 
ber 21,  1890.  , 

The  Judiciary  Committee,  immediately  upon  adjournment 
this  afternoon. 

Commerce,  immediately   upon  adjournment   this  afternoon. 

World's  Congresses,  in  ante-room  of  Council  Chamber,  upon 
adjournment  this  afternoon. 

Fisheries  and  Fish  Culture,  in  Council  Chamber,  upon 
adjournment  this  afternoon. 

Viticulture  and  Horticulture,  in  Council  Chamber,  this 
afternoon. 

Ceremonies,  at  9  o'clock  A.  M.,  November  2ist,  in  Secre- 
tary's office. 

Select  Committee  on  St.  Clair  and  de  Young  resolutions, 
immediately  upon  adjournment  this  afternoon. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  until  10  o'clock  A.  M. 
Friday. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  235 

Third  Session—  Fourth  Day,  Friday,  November  21,  1890. 

The  Commission  met  in  the  Council  Chamber  of  the  City 
Hall  at  10  o'clock  A.  M.  President  Palmer  in  the  chair. 

The  roll  was  called,  and  the  following  members  and  alter-  Roii-caii. 
nates  were  present: 

COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE.  —  California,  M.  L.  McDonald; 
Kentucky,  W.  Lindsay;  Massachusetts,  A.  G.  Bullock;  Michigan, 
T.  W.  Palmer;  Nebraska,  R.  W.  Furnas,  alternate;  New  York, 
G.  W.  Allen. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA.  —  A.  T. 
Britton,  D.  Clagett,  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  STATES.  —  Alabama,  G.  L.  Werth, 
alternate;  Arkansas,  J.  D.  Adams,  T.  H.  Leslie,  alternate;  Cali- 
fornia, M.  H.  de  Young,  W.  Forsyth;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell, 
F.  J.  V.  Skiff;  Connecticut,  L.  Brainard,  T.  M.  Waller;  Dela- 
ware, G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H.  Porter;  Florida,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turn- 
bull;  Georgia,  L.  McLaws,  C.  H.  Way;  Idaho,  G.  A.  Manning, 
J.  E.  Stearns;  Illinois,  C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T.  Ewing;  Indiana,  T.  E. 
Garvin,  E.  B.  Martindale;  Iowa,  W.  F.  King,  J.  Eiboeck,  alter- 
nate; Kansas,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  R.  R.  Price;  Kentucky,  J. 
Bennett,  J.  A.  McKenzie;  Louisiana,  D.  B.  Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon, 
alternate;  Maine,  A.  R.  Bixby,  C.  S.  Edwards,  alternate;  Maryland, 
J.Hodges;  Massachusetts,  F.  W.  Breed;  Michigan,  M.  H.  Lane,  C. 
H.  Richmond;  Minnesota,  M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V.  Tousley;  Missis- 
sippi, }.  M.  Bynum,  R.  L.  Saunders;  Missouri,  T.  B.  Bullene,  C. 
H.  Jones;  Montana,  A.  H.  Mitchell;  Nebraska,  Euclid  Martin, 
A.  G.  Scott,  W.  L.  May,  alternate;  Nevada,  J.  W.  Haines,  G. 
Russell;  New  Hampshire,  W.  Aiken,  F.  E.  Kaley,  alternate; 
New  Jersey,  W.  J.  Sewell,  T.  Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher, 
J.  H.  Breslin,  alternate;  North  Dakota,  H.  P.  Rucker,  M.  Ryan; 
Ohio,  H.  P.  Platt,  W.  Ritchie;  Oregon,  H.  Klippel,  M.  Wilkins; 
Pennsylvania,  W.  McClelland,  J.  W.  Woodside;  Rhode  Island, 
L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina,  J.  R.  Cochran,  E.  L. 
Roche,  alternate;  South  Dakota,  S.  A.  Ramsey,  L.  S.  Bullard, 
alternates;  Tennessee,  T.  L.  Williams,  R.  Strong,  alternate; 
Texas,  J.  T.  Dickinson;  Vermont,  A.  F.  Walker,  H.  Atkins, 


OF  THR 

rr  rr  T  TT  T?  t>  c  T 


236  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

alternates;    Virginia,  V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T.  Harris;  Washington, 
rth      H.  Drum,  C.  B.  Hopkins;   West  Virginia,  J.  D.  Butt,  J.  W.  St. 
Clair;  Wisconsin,  P.  Allen,  Jr.,  J.  L.  Mitchell;  Wyoming,  H.  G. 
Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  TERRITORIES. — Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats; 
New  Mexico,  R.  M.  White,  L.  C.  Tetard,  alternate;  Oklahoma, 
O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah,  F.  J.  Kiesel,  P.  H.Lannan. 

Mr.  Mitchell,  of  Wisconsin,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Live  Stock,  offered  some  proposed  amendments  to  the  classifi- 
cation, which  he  requested  to  have  referred  to  the  Committee  on 
Classification  for  their  consideration,  and  it  was  so  ordered. 
Ktheco°m-  ^r<  ^rainard,  of  Connecticut,   Chairman  of  the  Committee 

Manufac"  on  Manufactures,  submitted  the  following;  report,  with  the  request 

tures. 

ihat  it  be  printed  and  lie  upon  the  table  for  future  consideration: 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  20,  1890. 

Hon.  THOMAS  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Com- 
mission, Chicago,  111.: 

SIR:  Your  Committee  on  Manufactures  have  the  honor  to 
present  the  following  report: 

Since  your  announcement  of  the  members  of  this  Committee, 
they  have  met  and  duly  organized,  electing  W.  H.  Porter,  of 
Delaware,  as  Secretary,  and  they  are  now  ready  for  any  business 
which  may  come  within  their  province. 

As,  under  a  resolution  of  the  Executive  Committee,  the 
Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Manufactures  has  received  notice 
from  the  President  of  this  Commission  that  it  would  be  unwise 
to  call  any  meetings  or  to  incur  any  expense  before  the  Novem- 
ber session  of  this  Commission,  your  Committee  believe  that  at 
this  time  they  should  simply  organize. 
Respectfully  submitted, 

LEVERETT  BRAINARD,  Chairman, 

WILLARD  HALL  PORTER,  Secretary, 

J.  M.  BYXUM, 

RICHARD  MANSFIELD  WHITE, 

THOMAS  SMITH, 

WM.  RITCHIE, 

WM.  MCCLELLAND, 

CHARLES  H.  DEERE, 

GARDINER  C.  SIMS, 

T.  B.   BULLENE. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  237 

Mr.  Holliday,  of   Kansas,  Chairman   of   the   Committee  on  Third  ses- 

' '  sion— 


Printing,  submitted  the  following  report,  with  the  request  that  it 
be  printed  and  lie  upon  the  table  for  future  consideration: 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  20,  1800.         Report  of 

the  Com- 

Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

The  Committee  on  Printing  desire  to  make  the  following  report: 

In  pursuance  of  the  resolution  adopted  by  the  Commission 

at  its  second  session  in  September,  the  Committee  compiled  and 

printed  the  proceedings  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission, 

from  the  date  of  its  organization,  June  26,  1890,  to  the  end  of 

the  second  session,  September  23,  1890. 

The  pamphlet  containing  these  proceedings  also  gives  other 
official  data  designed  to  be  of  service  to  the  members  of  the 
Commission. 

In  the  compilation  of  the  Official  Manual  submitted,  your 
Committee  conferred  continually  with  the  honorable  Secretary 
of  the  Commission,  John  T.  Dickinson,  who  aided  us  in  every 
way  possible,  both  by  his  own  personal  supervision  of  the  matter 
in  question,  and  by  detailing  some  of  his  courteous  assistants  to 
render  us  every  aid  possible. 

After  the  pamphlet  had  been  practically  compiled,  the  Com- 
mittee asked  the  several  large  printing  houses  of  Chicago  to  bid 
upon  the  same,  according  to  specifications  drawn  by  us,  and 
awarded  the  contract  for  printing  to  Rand,  McNally  &  Co.,  as 
being  the  only  house  bidding  that,  in  our  judgment,  met  all  the 
requirements  of  the  specifications. 

This  has  been  the  only  printing  the  Committee  has  been 
ordered  to  do. 

Your  Committee  has  had  the  pleasure  of  meeting  from 
time  to  time  with  the  Local  Printing  Committee,  and  have  had 
full  and  free  discussion  pertaining  to  the  press,  advertising,  and 
printing. 

In  the  absence,  however,  of  positive  information — and  being 
uncertain  as  to  its  scope  and  powers — the  Committee  has 
deemed  it  proper  to  take  no  action.  We  await  the  pleasure  of 
the  honorable  Commission. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

C.  K.  HOLLIDAY,  JR.,  Chairman, 

P.  H.  LANNAN,  Secretary, 

T.  B.  BULLENE, 

JOHN  T.  HARRIS, 

THOMAS  B.  KEOGH, 

JNO.  E.  STEARNS. 


238 


World's  Columbian  Commission. 


Third  Ses- 
sion- 
Fourth 
Day. 


Classifica- 
tion of 
Cotton. 


Mr.  Turnbull,  of  Florida,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  read  and  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Classification: 

Resolved,  That  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Classification 
be  amended  as  follows: 

On  page  u,  in  Group  10,  strike  out  all  included  in  Class  60, 
and  make  another  separate  and- distinct  group  that  shall  be  num- 
bered 21,  and  include  the  following: 

GROUP  21. 

COTTON. 

Class  60. — Cotton  on  the  stalk — Its  several  varieties;  long  staple 
and  short  staple — shown  by  living  examples,  by  engrav- 
ings, photographs,  etc. 

Class  61. — Method  of  planting  and  culture. 

Class  62. — Method  of  picking — Separating  the  lint  from  the  seed; 
how  the  long  staple  requires  a  roller  gin  and  the  short 
staple  a  saw  gin;  also  methods  of  packing. 

Class  63. — Appliances  for  planting  the  seed  and  cultivating, 
also  for  rucking  the  different  varieties;  how  the  long 
staple  is  packed  by  hand  and  the  short  staple  by  ma- 
chinery. 

Class  64. — Appliances  showing  how  it  is  converted  into  thread, 
into  yarn,  and  into  cloth. 

Class  65. — Appliances  for  converting  the  seed  into  oil,  into 
meal  for  fertilizer,  and  food  for  stock. 

Class  66. — Showing  best  remedies  for  destroying  insect  pests 
together  with  appliances — spraying  and  otherwise — for 
destruction  of  insect  pests. 

Class  67. — Literature,  history,   and  statistics  of  cotton  culture. 
Mr.  Bullock,  of  Massachusetts,  offered  the  following  resolu- 
tion, which  was  unanimously  adopted  by  rising  vote: 

Resolved,  That  the  thanks  of  the  Commissioners  be  tendered 

to  the  La  Salle  Club  for  their  courtesy  and  hospitality  so  grace- 
fully extended  to  us  last  evening. 

Mr.  Saunders,  of  Mississippi,  offered  the  following  resolution, 

which  was  ordered  to  be  printed  and  lie  upon  the  table  for  future 

consideration: 

Resolved,  That    the    Classification  Committee  be  requested 

and  directed  to  revise  Group  10,  Class  60,  and  to  provide  a  more 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  239 

elaborate  classification  of  cotton — its  methods  of  production 
and  its  uses  and  methods  of  converting  the  staple  into  textile 
fabrics,  etc.;  also  of  cotton-seed — the  methods  of  expressing  its 
oil,  etc.;  also  an  exposition  of  the  value  of  cotton-seed  hulls  as 
a  fertilizing  agent;  also  the  stalk  and  its  fibre,  and  the  process 
of  decorticating  the  same. 

Mr.  McClelland,  of  Pennsylvania,  submitted  the  following 
letter,  which  the  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Classification 
had  addressed  to  the  Chairman  of  each  Standing  Committee. 
The  letter  was  ordered  to  be  printed  in  the  minutes  for  the 
information  of  the  several  committees: 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  20,  1890. 

DEAR  SIR:  If  your  Committee  have  any  suggestions  to 
make  in  regard  to  the  classification  of  exhibits  in  your  depart- 
ment, I  would  thank  you  to  forward  them  at  the  earliest  possible 
moment  to  my  address,  Auditorium  Hotel. 

Yours  very  truly, 

CHAS   H.  DEERE, 
Chairman  Committee  on  Classification. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  Vice-Chairman  of  the  Com- 
mittee  on  Foreign  Affairs,  called  up  the  report  of  that  Committee  Anffairseign 

adopted. 

and  moved  to  strike  out,  for  the  time  being,  the  paragraphs 
referring  to  the  project  of  Mr.  W.  E.  Curtis  for  securing  ex- 
hibits from  the  Latin- American  countries,  leaving  them  to  form 
the  basis  of  a  future  report.  The  motion  was  adopted  and  the 
report  of  the  Committee,  as  amended,  was  adopted. 

Mr.  de  Young,  of  California,  offered  the  following,  resolu- 
tion, which  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Classification: 

Resolved,  That  in  all  matters  of  dispute  between  exhibitors 
and  the  installing  officers  or  the  heads  of  the  different  depart- 
ments, the  exhibitors  may  appeal  from  the  decision  of  said  offi- 
cials to  the  Committee  of  this  Commission  placed  over  the 
department  that  the  said  exhibitor  belongs  in,  and  the  decision 
of  that  Committee  shall  be  final. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  in  behalf  of  the  Committee  on 
Foreign  Affairs,  offered  the  following  resolution,  and  moved  its 
adoption: 

Resolved,  That  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs  be,  and  it 
is  hereby  expressly  authorized,  empowered,  and  directed  to  ex- 


240  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

pend  the  sum  of  twenty  thousand  dollars  ($20,000)  in  accordance 
da°yurth  w*th  the  recommen^ati°n  contained  in  the  report  of  that  Com- 
mittee, just  accepted  and  adopted  by  the  Commission,  in  defray- 
ing the  costs  and  expenses  of  any  such  agents  which  may  be  em- 
ployed by  the  said  Committee  to  visit  foreign  countries,  or  of  any 
agencies  employed  for  purposes  connected  with  the  admission  of 
foreign  goods  for  exhibition;  and  that  for  all  such  expenditures 
vouchers  shall  be  duly  made,  and  be  approved  by  the  Chairman 
or  Vice-Chairman  of  the  Committee,  and  also  by  the  President 
of  this  Commission,  as  specified  in  the  official  communication 
from  the  Treasury  Department  touching  this  particular  fund. 

Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  raised  the  point  of  order 'that 
the  resolution  contemplated  a  change  in  the  By-Laws,  and  was 
properly  referable  to  the  Judiciary  Committee.  The  President 
ruled  that  the  point  of  order  was  not  well  taken. 

Mr.  Woodside,  of  Pennsylvania,  offered  the  following  proviso 
as  an  amendment  to  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Massey: 

Provided,  That  no  money  shall  be  expended  from  the  spe- 
cific fund  until  the  President  of  the  United  States  has  issued  his 
proclamation  notifying  foreign  countries  of  the  inauguration  of 
the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  as  provided  for  in  Section  10 
of  the  Act  of  Congress. 

The  amendment  was  adopted,  and  the  original  resolution, 
as  amended,  was  unanimously  carried. 

Mr.  Butt,  of  West  Virginia,  by  unanimous  consent,  offered 
the  following  resolution,  and  moved  its  adoption: 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission  is  hereby 
directed  to  wire  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  forthwith, 
requesting  that  official  to  modify  the  regulations  which  require 
Commissioners  to  swear  to  their  accounts,  so  that  same  shall  not 
apply  to  the  Lady  Managers. 

Mr.  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey,  moved  to  strike  out  the  last 
clause,  and  the  motion  prevailed,  but  the  resolution,  as  amended, 
was  tabled. 

Mr.  Massey,  from  the  Committee  on  Judiciary,  Rules,  and 
By-Laws,  reported  the  following  resolution  of  Mr.  Britton,  of  the 
District  of  Columbia,  with  the  recommendation  that  it  be 
adopted: 


Minutes   of  the   Third  Session.  241 

Resolved,  That   the   Buildings   and  Grounds  Committee  be  Third  ses- 
increased  by  the  addition  of  two  members,  to  be  appointed  by 
the  President  of  the  Commission. 

The  resolution  was  put  to  a  vote,  and  was  lost. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  for  the  Select  Committee  on 
the  Duties  and  Powers  of  the  Commission,  stated  that  that  Com- 
mittee would  have  its  report  ready  to  submit  at  the  afternoon 
session,  and  moved  that  it  be  made  the  special  order  for  2  o'clock 
p.  M.,  and  the  motion  was  adopted. 

At  12.30  the  Commission  took  a  recess. 


The  Commission  reassembled  at  2   o'clock,  and  Mr.  St.  Clair 
submitted  the  following  report  from  the  Select  Committee,  and 
requested  that  it  be  read  by  Mr.  Massey: 
To  the  President  of  the  World" s  Columbian  Commission:  Report  of 

the  Select 

Your  Special  Committee,  to  whom  were  referred  certain  res-   committee 

7  ...  ou  Duties 

olutions  and  amendments  thereto,  with  direction  to  report  the 
result  of  their  deliberation   to   this  Commission,  submit  the  fol-    sloll> 
lowing: 

It  is  their  opinion  that  this  Commission,  under  the  Act  of 
Congress,  possesses  the  powers  hereinafter  enumerated,  and  that 
those  powers  are  in  no  sense  diminished  or  abridged  by  reason  of 
the  fact  that  the  larger  portion  of  the  fund  to  be  used  in  setting 
on  foot  and  carrying  into  successful  operation  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  is  to  be  raised  through  the  instrumentality 
of  the  local  Illinois  Corporation.  It  is  the  opinion  of  your  Com- 
mittee that  this  fund,  when  raised,  is  a  quasi-public  fund,  dedi- 
cated by  the  Act  of  Congress  and  with  the  consent  of  the  Illinois 
Corporation  to  a  specific  purpose,  and  to  be  controlled  and  ex- 
pended in  the  execution  of  that  purpose  by  the  agencies  named 
by  the  said  Act  of  Congress. 

i.  It  is  the  opinion  of  this  Committee  that  this  Commission 
possesses  the  sole  and  exclusive  power  to  allot  space  to  exhibit- 
ors, to  prepare  a  classification  of  exhibits,  to  determine  the  plan 
and  scope  of  the  Exposition,  to  appoint  all  judges  and  examiners 
for  the  Exposition,  to  award  all  premiums,  and  generally  to  have 
charge  of  all  intercourse  with  the  exhibitors  and  with  the  repre- 
sentatives of  foreign  nations;  and  that  the  exhibitors  with  whom 
this  Commission  is  to  have  all  intercourse  are  the  same  exhibit- 


242  Worlds   Columbian  Commission. 

Third  ses-    ors  to  whom  this  Commission  is  to  allot  space,  and  that  a  sur- 

sion— 

Daynh  render  by  this  Commission  of  the  right  and  power  to  have  such 
intercourse  with  the  home  or  domestic  exhibitors  would  be  in 
effect  to  denationalize  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  in  the 
face  of  the  express  declaration  in  the  preamble  of  the  Act  of 
Congress  that  such  Exhibition  shall  be  of  a  national  and  interna- 
tional character,  and  a  failure  by  this  Commission  to  exercise  a 
duty  clearly  and  manifestly  imposed  upon  it  by  the  Act  of  Congress. 

2.  It  is  the  opinion  of  this  Committee  that  this  Commission 
has  the  right  to  exercise  all  of  the  foregoing  powers  through  its 
proper  committees,  and  such  executive  and  ministerial  officers  as 
it  may  name,  and  that  under  its  existing  organization  the  Direct- 
or-General of  this  Commission  is  the  officer  through  whom  space 
is  to  be  allotted  to  exhibitors,  the  classification  determined  upon 
executed,  and  through  whom  this  Commission,  and  its  appropri- 
ate Committees,  is  generally  to  have  charge  of  all  intercourse 
with  all  exhibitors  and  with  the  representatives  of  foreign  nations. 

3.  Whilst  this  Commission  is  not  charged  with  any  duty  in 
the  selection  of  the  site  or  grounds,  or  in  preparing  plans  and 
specifications  for  the  buildings  to  be  erected  for  the  Exposition, 
it  has  the  power  and   is  charged   with   the  duty  to   reject   or  to 
accept  and  approve  the  same. 

4.  It  is  the  duty  of  this  Commission  to  notify  the  President 
of  the  United  States  when  provision  shall  have  been  made  for 
the  buildings  contemplated  by  the  Act  of  Congress,  upon  a  sat- 
isfactory site,   and    according   to    the    plans    and    specifications 
accepted  and  approved  by  this  Commission. 

In  reference  tc  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  Illinois  Cor- 
poration, your  Committee  submit  the  following: 

i.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  Illinois  Corporation  to  furnish  the 
necessary  grounds  and  buildings  for  the  Exposition,  subject  to 
the  approval  or  disapproval  of  this  Commission,  either  as  to  the 
site  or  as  to  the  plans  and  specifications  for  the  buildings;  but 
when  such  site  shall  have  been  finally  accepted  and  the  plans  and 
specifications  for  the  buildings  finally  approved,  the  Illinois  Cor- 
poration has  the  sole  and  exclusive  right  to  prepare  the  grounds 
and  erect  the  buildings  in  question,  and  this  Commission  is  in 
nowise  responsible  for  the  manner  in  which  such  Corporation  may 
exercise  this  power  and  perform  this  duty;  but  unless  the  build- 
ings erected  shall  be  in  accordance  with  the  plans  and  specifica- 
tions, it  will  not  become  the  duty  of  this  Commission  to  receive 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  243 

and  dedicate  the  same  as  contemplated  by  the  Ninth   Section  of  Third  ses- 

J  sion— 

the  Act  of  Congress.  r>ayrth 

2.  The  Illinois  Corporation  may  prescribe  rules  and  regu- 
lations  governing  rates  for  entrance  and  admittance  fees,  and 
otherwise  affecting  the  rights,  privileges,  and  interest  of  exhib- 
itors and  the  public,  and  for  the  general  conduct  of  the  financial 
affairs  and  orderly  management  and  control  of  the  Exhibition 
during  the  time  it  may  continue;  but  that  power  is  to  be  exer- 
cised subject  to  the  right  of  a  majority  of  this  Commission   to 
modify  such  rules  and  regulations,  and  subject  to  its  exclusive 
powers  hereinbefore  set  out. 

3.  The   Illinois  Corporation   is  to   raise    and    provide    the 
necessary  funds,  not  less  than  ten  millions  of  dollars,  to  be  used 
and  expended  for  the  purposes  of  the  Exposition,  but  such  funds 
are  to  be  used  in  accordance  with  the  Act  of  Congress,  and  are 
to  be  expended  only  under  the  general  supervision  and  subject 
to  the  approval  of  this  Commission. 

4.  The    general   conduct   and  orderly  management  of  the 
Exhibition  during  the  time  it  may  continue  will  be  in  the  Illinois 
Corporation,  but  to  be  exercised    in  accordance  with   rules  and 
regulations  to  be   approved  by  a   majority  of   this  Commission, 
and  under  the  general  supervision  of  its  Director-General. 

5.  Whilst  it  is  desirable  that  the  Committees  of  this  Com- 
mission, and  those  of  the  Illinois  Corporation  shall  act  in  harmony, 
it  is  our  opinion  that  the  last-named  Committees  have  no  power 
to  originate  any  action  in  regard  to  intercourse  with  exhibitors, 
foreign  or  domestic,  without  the  consent  of  this  Commission,  or 
of  its  proper  committees  or  officers. 

Now,  in  view  of  the  fact  that  it  is  absolutely  essential  to 
the  success  of  this  Exposition  that  harmonious  action  shall  be 
had  between  this  Commission  and  its  officers  and  agents  and 
the  local  Illinois  Corporation  known  as  the  "World's  Columbian 
Exposition,"  and  of  the  further  fact  that  there  exist  differences 
of  opinion  between  the  bodies  as  to  their  relative  rights,  powers, 
and  duties,  we  recommend  to  the  Commission  the  appointment 
of  a  special  committee  of  not  less  than  eight  members,  to  be 
invested  with  the  power  of  meeting  and  conferring  with  such 
representatives  of  the  said  local  Corporation  as  it  may  deem 
proper  to  appoint,  in  order  that  this  Commission  may  ascertain 
during  its  present  session  whether  or  not  harmonious  action  can 
be  had  between  the  two  bodies  upon  the  basis  indicated  by  this 


244  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Report  of     report,  and  to  the  end  that  this  Commission  may  be  enabled  to 

o6l6Ct 

adopted*66  determine  as  to  such  final  action  as  it  may  see  proper  to  take. 
The  report  was  unanimously  adopted. 
Mr.  St.  Clair  offered  the  following  resolution: 
Select  Con-  Resolved,  that  a  special  committee  of  eight  Commissioners, 

I6r6nc6 

consu-ittee  to  be  appointed  by  the  President,  be,  and  the  same  is  hereby 
tuted.        constituted,  who  shall  be  charged  with  the  performance  of  the 
duty  of  conference  with  such  representatives  of  the  Local   Cor- 
poration as  it  may  deem  proper  to  appoint,  as  recommended  by 
the  foregoing  report ;  and, 

Resolved,  further,  That  a  duly  authenticated  copy  of  said  re- 
port and  resolution  be  forthwith  transmitted  by  the  President  of 
this  Commission  to  the  President  of  the  Illinois  Corporation. 

Mr.  Bullene,  of  Kansas,  moved  as  an  amendment  that  the 
Committee  provided  for  in  Mr.  St.  Glair's  resolution  should  con- 
sist of  the  six  members  of  the  Select  Committee  on  the  Duties 
and  Powers  of  the  Commission,  and  two  others  to  be  appointed 
by  the  President.  Mr.  Bullene's  amendment  was  adopted  and 
the  resolution,  as  amended,  prevailed. 

Mr.  McKenzie,  as  Vice-Chairman  of  the  Executive  Commit- 
tee, called  up  the  report  of  that  Committee,  and  it  was  ordered 
by  the  Commission  that  the  recommendations  of  the  Committee 
should  be  considered  section  by  section. 

The  report  of  the  Committee  was  approved  as  far  as  the 
paragraph  relating  to  the  receipt,  on  October  i8th,  of  a  letter  from 
the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  approving  the  salaries  of  the 
officers  of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  moved  that  the  section  be 
approved  and  that  the  letter  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  be 
referred  to  the  Committee  on  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws. 

A  long  discussion  ensued,  during  which  Mr.  White,  of  New 
Mexico,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  temporarily 
laid  upon  the  table: 

Resolved,  That  the  salaries  of  the  officers  be  reduced  by 
half,  with  the  exception  of  the  Director-General,  as  follows: 
President,  $6,000;  Secretary,  $5,000;  Vice-Chairman  Executive 
Committee,  $4,000. 


Mftiutes  of  the   Third  Session.         ,       245 

Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  temporarily  laid  upon  the  table:  Day. 

Resolved,  That  the  Committee  on  By-Laws  be,  and  they  are 
hereby  instructed  to  inquire  into  the  propriety  of  amending  the 
By-Laws  so  as  to  fix  the  salaries  of  the  President,  Vice-Chair- 
man, and  Secretary  each  at  six  thousand  dollars  per  year,  and 
report  their  conclusion  to  this  Commission. 

Mr.  Lindsay,  of  Kentucky,  raised  the  point  of  order  that  the 
letter  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  could  not  by  itself  be 
referred  at  this  time  to  the  Judiciary  Committee,  as  it  formed 
only  a  portion  of  the  subject-matter  under  consideration. 

'The  President  ruled  that  the  point  of  order  was  well  taken. 

Mr.  Waller  moved  that  the  section  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee's report  then  under  consideration,  and  the  letter  of  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  be  both  referred  to  the  Judiciary 
Committee,  and  the  motio:i  was  adopted. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  until  10  o'clock  Saturday 
morning. 


Third  Session — Fifth  Day,  Saturday,  November  22, 1890. 

The    Commission    met  at  10  o'clock   A.  M.,  in  the  Council  Third  ses- 
sion— 

Chamber,  City  Hall,  Chicago.     President  Palmer  in  the  chair. 

The  roll  was  called,  and  the  following  Commissioners  and 
alternates  were  present: 

COMMISSIONERS- AT-LARGE. — California,    M.    L.    McDonald;  Roii-caii. 
Kentucky,    W.    Lindsay;    Michigan,   T.  W.   Palmer;    Nebraska, 
R.  W.  Furnas,  alternate;  New  York,  G.  W.  Allen. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. — D.  Clagett, 
alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  STATES. — Alabama,  G.  L.  Werth, 
alternate;  Arkansas,  J.  D.  Adams;  California,  M.  H.  de  Young, 
W.  Forsyth;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J.  V.  Skiff;  Connecticut, 
L.  Brainard,  T.  M.  Waller;  Delaware,  G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H. 
Porter;  Florida,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turnbull;  Georgia,  L.  McLaws,  C.  H. 

Way;  Idaho,  G.  A  Manning,  J.  E.  Stearns;  Illinois,  C.  H.  Deere, 
17 


246  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

£e8-  A.  T.  Ewing;  Indiana,  T.  E.  Garvin,  E.  B.  Martindale;  Iowa, 
F1fthDay-W.  F.  King,  J.  Eiboeck,  alternate;  Kansas,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr., 
R.  R.  Price;  Kentucky,  J.  Bennett,  J.  A.  McKenzie;  Louisiana, 
D.  B.  Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon,  alternate;  Maine,  A.  R.  Bixby,  C. 
S.  Edwards,  alternate;  Maryland,  J.  Hodges,  L.  Lowndes; 
Massachusetts,  F.  W.  Breed,  T.  E.  Proctor;  Michigan,  M.  H. 
Lane,  C.  H.  Richmond;  Minnesota,  M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V. 
Tousley;  Mississippi,  J.  M.  Bynum,  R.  L.  Saunders;  Missouri,  T.  B. 
Bullene,  C.  H.  Jones;  Montana,  A.  H.  Mitchell;  Nebraska,  Euclid 
Martin,  A.  G.  Scott,  W.  L.  May,  alternate;  Nevada,  J.  W.  Haines, 
G.  Russell;  New  Hampshire,  W.  Aiken;  New  Jersey,  W.  J. 
Sewell,  T.  Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H.  Breslin,  alter- 
nate; North  Carolina,  T.  B.  Keogh;  North  Dakota,  H.  P.  Rucker, 
M.  Ryan;  Ohio,  H.  P.  Platt,  W.  Ritchie;  Oregon,  H.  Klippel, 
M.  Wiikins;  Pennsylvania,  W.  McClelland,  J.  W.  Woodside; 
Rhode  Island,  L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina,  J.  R.  Coch- 
ran,  E.  L.  Roche,  alternate;  South  Dakota,  S.  A.  Ramsey,  L.  S. 
Bullard,  alternates;  Tennessee,  T.  L.  Williams,  R.  Strong,  alter- 
nate; Texas,  J.  T.  Dickinson;  Vermont,  A.  F.  Walker,  H.  Atkins, 
alternates;  Virginia,  V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T.  Harris;  Washington, 
H.  Drum,  C.  B.  Hopkins;  West  Virginia,  J.  D.  Butt,  J.  W. 
St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,  P.  Allen,  Jr.,  J.  L.  Mitchell;  Wyoming,  H. 
G.  Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  TERRITORIES.  —  Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats; 
New  Mexico,  R.  M.  White,  L.  C.  Tetard,  alternate;  Oklahoma, 
O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah,  F.  J.  Kiesel,  P.  H.  Lannan. 

Mr.  Mitchell,  of  Wisconsin,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Live  Stock,  submitted  the  following  communication,  which  was 
read  : 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  21,  1890. 


cations  re- 

fh<>dL"ve    Hon.  T.  W.   PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Exposition, 

Stock  Kx-  „. 

hibit.  City: 

DEAR  SIR  :  Permit  me  to  inclose  you  copy  of  resolutions 
adopted  at  the  annual  meeting  of  the  stockholders  of  the  Amer- 
ican Short-Horn  Breeders'  Association,  held  in  the  city  of  Chi- 
cago, November  19,  1890.  This  is  an  organization  composed 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  247 

of    about    700    short-horn    breeders   scattered   throughout    the  Third  ses- 

'  &  si  on- 

United  States  and  Canada. 

We  beg  that  you  will  please  present  these  resolutions  to  the 
National  Board  of  Commissioners,  with  the  request  that  they  be 
referred  to  the  place  where  they  will  "do  the  most  good." 

I  have  the  honor  to  subscribe  myself, 

Yours  respectfully, 

J.   H.  PlCKRELL, 

Secretary. 

WHEREAS,  In  the  address  of  the  Committee  of  eighteen 
appointed  to  represent  the  various  live  stock  interests  before  the 
Columbian  Exposition,  said  Commissioners  were  respectfully 
requested  that  large  and  liberal  cash  prizes  should  be  paid  as 
prizes  for  live  stock; 

Resolved,  That  we  concur  in  the  said  recommendation,  and 
would  urgently  and  respectfully  ask  said  Commissioners  to  grant 
request  of  said  committee; 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  this  Association  send  a  copy 
of  the  preamble  and  resolutions  to  the  Hon.  T.  W.  Palmer, 
President  of  the  Columbian  Exposition; 

Resolved,  That  the  Board  of  Directors  be  authorized  to 
appropriate  about  $6,000.00  for  premiums  for  short-horns  at  the 
Columbian  Exposition,  and  have  power  to  make  it  conditional 
that  the  management  of  the  Exposition  appropriate  at  least  an 
equal  amount. 

WHEREAS,  The  members  of  the  American  Short-Horn 
Breeders'  Association,  in  convention  assembled,  have  learned 
with  sincere  regret  of  the  unfortunate  action  of  the  World's 
Fair  -  Commission  in  deciding  to  place  many  of  the  most 
attractive  exhibits  on  the  Lake  Front;  and, 

WHEREAS,  The  proposed  assignment  in  the  location  of  the 
various  exhibits  will  detract  largely  from  the  isolated  agricult- 
ural and  industrial  exhibits  to  be  made  at  Jackson  Park;  there- 
fore be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  American  Short-Horn  Breeders'  Asso- 
ciation hereby  protest  against  the  proposed  dual  site,  and  hereby 
invite  the  representatives  of  the  agricultural  and  industrial 
interests  of  the  United  States  to  petition  Congress  to  enact  such 
amendments  to  the  law  creating  the  World's  Fair  Commission, 
etc.,  as  will  insure  the  grouping  together  of  all  of  the  exhibits 
to  be  made  at  the  Columbian  World's  Fair  of  1893; 


248  World? s  Columbian  Commission. 

Resolved,  That  the  Live  Stock  Committee  of  eighteen, 
lfthDay-  appointed  by  all  the  Live  Stock  Breeders'  Associations  of  the 
United  States  to  represent  the  animal  industries  before  the 
managers  of  the  Word's  Fair,  be,  and  are  hereby  requested  to 
take  such  action  in  reference  to  this  matter  as  will  indicate  to 
the  United  States  Commissioners  of  the  World's  Fair  the  intense 
and  often  expressed  sentiment  of  the  breeders  of  live  stock, 
who  unanimously  favor  a  single  site  for  the  exhibitions  to  be 
made  at  the  Columbian  show  of  1893. 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  this  Association  be,  and  is 
hereby  instructed  to  send  a  copy  of  the  foregoing  resolutions  to 
the  President  of  the  World's  Fair  Commissioners,  and  a  copy  to 
the  Chairman  of  the  Live  Stock  Committee  of  eighteen. 

Mr.  Mitchell  moved  that  the  portion  of  the  commu-nication 
relating  to  cash  premiums  for  live  stock  be  referred  to  the  Sub- 
Committee  of  the  Executive  Committee  on  the  question  of 
awards,  and  that  the  remainder  of  the  communication  be  referred 
to  the  Committee  on  Live  Stock,  and  it  was  so  ordered. 

President  Palmer  presented  the  following  communication, 
which  was  referred  to  the  Sub-Committee  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee on  the  question  of  awards: 

CHICAGO,  November  19,  1890. 
Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER  : 

SIR:  I  have  the  honor  to  herewith  hand  you  a  copy  of  the 
preamble  and  resolutions  adopted  by  the  American  Devon  Cattle 
Club,  at  their  annual  meeting,  held  on  the  ipth  inst. 

Respectfully, 

D.  T.  NEWTON, 
Secretary  pro  tern,  of  American  Devon  Cattle  Club. 

"  WHEREAS,  In  the  address  of  the  Committee  of  eighteen 
appointed  to  represent  the  various  live-stock  interests  before 
the  Columbian  Exposition,  said  Commissioners  were  respectfully 
requested  that  large  and  liberal  cash  prizes  should  be  paid  as 
prizes  for  live  stock; 

"Resolved,  That  we  concur  in  said  recommendation,  and  would 
urgently  and  respectfully  ask  said  Commissioners  to  grant  the 
request  of  said  Committee; 

"Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  this  Association  send  a  copy 
of  this  preamble  and  resolutions  to  the  Hon.  T.  W.  Palmer, 
President  of  the  Columbian  Exposition." 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  249 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  IQ,  1800.          Third  ses- 
sion— 
To  the  Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  of  the  World's  Fair  Com-    Fifth  Day. 

missioners,  Chicago: 

DEAR  SIR:  At  a  meeting  of  the  Illinois  Short-Horn  Breeders' 
Association,  in  Chicago,  November  18,  1890,  the  following 
resolution  was  unanimously  adopted,  and,  on  motion  of  said 
Association,  I  was  instructed  to  forward  the  same  to  you: 

"Resolved,    That  it  is  the  sense  of  the  Illinois  Short-Horn 
Association  that  an   exhibit  of  live  stock  worthy  of  a  World's 
Fair  can  only  be  had  by  offering  liberal  cash  prizes." 
Yours  respectfully, 

A.    B.     HOSTETTER, 

Secretary. 

President  Palmer  submitted  the  following  telegraphic  com- 
munication, which  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Classifica- 

cation: 

SANTA  CRUZ,  CAL.,  November  21,  1890. 

Honorable  The  World's  Fair  Commissioners,  Chicago : 

The  Fruit  Growers'  State  Convention  of  California,  assem- 
bled at  Santa  Cruz  this  2ist  day  of  November,  1890,  respectfully 
request  that  horticulture  be  made  a  department  in  World's  Fair. 
Adopted  by  unanimous  vote. 

B.  M.  LELONG,  Secretary. 

Mr.  Russell,  of  Nevada,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
with  a  request  that  it  be  referred  to  the  Sub-Committee  on 
Awards: 

Resolved,  That  it  is  the  sense  of  this  Commission  that  the 
World's  Columbian  Exposition  should  set  aside  the  sum  of  two 
hundred  thousand  dollars  ($200,000),  to  be  paid  out  in  cash  pre- 
miums to  exhibitors  of  live  stock  at  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition,  to  be  held  in  Chicago  in  1893. 

Mr.  McClelland,  of  Pennsylvania,  for  the  Committee  on 
Classification,  submitted  the  following  report: 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  21,  1890. 

Hon.    THOMAS  W.  PALMER,  President  World's   Columbian  Com- 
mission: 

SIR:  The  Committee  on  Classification  has  considered  the 
following  resolution,  introduced  by  Mr.  de  Young,  of  California, 
and  referred  to  this  Committee: 

"Resolved,  That  in  all  matters  of  dispute  between  exhibitors 
and  the  installing  officers,  or  the  heads  of  the  different  depart- 


250  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third  ses-    ments,  the  exhibitors  may  appeal  from  the  decision  of  said  offi- 

slon— 

Fifth  Day.  ciais  to  the  Committee  of  this  Commission  placed  over  the 
department  that  the  said  exhibitor  belongs  in,  and  the  decision 
of  that  Committee  shall  be  final." 

Your  Committee  would  respectfully  report  back  the  resolu- 
tion with  a  negative  recommendation. 
On  behalf  of  the  Committee, 

CHARLES  H.  DEERE, 

Chairman. 

Before  action  was  taken,  Mr.  McCelland  moved  that  the 
resolution  be  referred  to  the  Judiciary  Committee  without  prej- 
udice to  the  subject-matter,  and  it  was  so  ordered. 

Mr.  Massey,  from  the  Judiciary  Committee,  submitted  the 
following  report: 

DAudii?ng  Tne  Committee  on  Judiciary,  to  whom  was  referred  so  much 

commit-    Q£  tj,ie   rep0rt  Of  the   Committee   on   Auditing   as  relates  to  the 

extent  of  their  powers  #nd  duties  under  the  organization,  beg  to 

report   that   their  construction   of  the  By-Law  applying  thereto 

only  requires  the   Auditing   Committee   to   examine,  summarize, 

and   report   upon   bills  and  accounts  which  have  been  paid,  and 

does  not  require  any  action  on  their  part  preliminary  to  payment. 

On    motion    of    Mr.    Garvin,    of    Indiana,   the    report    was 

adopted. 

Mr.  Garvin,  as  Chairman  of  the  Auditing  Committee,  sub- 
mitted a  supplementary  report  from  the  Secretary,  and  moved  its 
adoption.  The  report  was  unanimously  adopted  without  debate. 
Mr.  Atkins,  of  Vermont,  for  the  Sub-Committee  of  the 
Executive  Committee  on  the  question  of  awards,  submitted  the 
following  report,  and  asked  that  it  be  read  and  printed  and  lie 
upon  the  table  for  future  consideration,  and  it  was  so  ordered: 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  21,  1890. 
Report  of      To  the  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

Sub-Com- 

GENTLEMEN:  I  am  directed  by  the  Executive  Committee  to 
transmit  to  your  body  the    accompanying   report   of   the    Sub- 
Committee   of   the    Executive  Committee  on   Awards,  with    the 
recommendation  that  it  be  adopted  by  the  Commission. 
Very  respectfully, 

T.  W.  PALMER, 
Chairman  Executive  Committee. 


Minutes  of  the    Third  Session.  251 

At  a  meeting  of  the  Executive  Committee,  held  at  Chicago  Third_ses- 
on  the  1 8th  of  October,  1 890,  the  following  resolution  was  adopted :    FIfth D»y- 

"Resolved,  That  a  committee  of  four  be  appointed  to  confer 
with  a  like  committee  from  the  Exposition  Directory,  to  recom- 
mend to  this  Committee  and  to  the  Exposition  Directory  whether 
awards  shall  be  granted,  and  what  character  of  awards  shall  be 
made,  if  any/' 

Subsequently,  President  Palmer  caused  an  official  notice  of 
their  appointment  as  members  of  said  Committee  to  be  sent  by 
the  Secretary  of  the  Commission  to  Commissioners  Smalley, 
Thacher,  King,  and  Britton,  directing  them  to  meet  at  Chicago 
on  November  18,  1890,  for  aforesaid  conference  and  recommen- 
dation. 

The  Committee  duly  organized  at  the  time  prescribed,  Mr. 
Hiram  Atkins,  alternate  Commissioner  from  Vermont,  ap- 
pearing in  place  of  Mr.  Smalley,  and  after  several  consultations 
with  a  committee  of  the  Local  Directory,  consisting  of  Messrs. 
J.  W.  Ellsworth,  Benj.  Butterworth,  C.  H.  McCormick,  and  E.  T. 
Jeffery,  and  with  Professor  Goode,  of  the  Smithsonian  Institu- 
tion, have  the  honor  to  make  the  following  report  : 

i.     Should  awards  be  given  ? 

At  the  outset  of  its  investigation,  the  Committee  were  al- 
most unanimously  inclined  to  the  opinion  that  no  awards  should 
be  made,  but  that  the  fact  of  the  admission  of  an  exhibit  should 
be  the  evidence  of  its  merit,  to  be  verified  in  all  cases  by  the 
same  character  of  certificate  or  medal;  but  after  conference  it 
became  apparent  that  there  were  practical  obstacles  to  this  plan. 
It  was  found,  for  illustration,  that  until  exhibits  were  unpacked 
and  properly  set  up  in  their  respective  places  in  the  exhibition 
building,  it  would  in  many  cases  be  impossible  to  determine  their 
character.  Again,  many  of  the  exhibits  would  not  be  received 
until  a  late  clay,  and  at  the  very  hour  of  the  opening  of  the  Expo- 
sition, countless  boxes  would  be  in  process  of  being  opened  and 
being  set  up.  Again,  the  juries  to  determine  awards  must  neces- 
sarily be  quite  numerous  in  connection  with  a  Fair  of  this  mag- 
nitude ;  and  it  was  found  in  the  light  of  experience  that  it  would 
be  difficult  and  expensive  to  collect  and  to  hold  together  such 
juries  of  sufficiently  expert  character  in  advance  of  the  holding 
of  the  Fair.  On  the  other  hand,  it  would  seem  reasonably  certain 
that  the  Fair,  once  in  progress,  would  naturally  attract  to  Chicago 
from  all  parts  of  the  world  large  numbers  of  experts  in  every 
branch  of  the  classes  of  the  Exhibition. 


252  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third  ses-  These  and  similar  considerations  have  led  your  Committee 

*ion— 

Fifth  Day.  to  recommend  that  there  shall  be  awards. 

2.  What  should  be  the  character  of  such  awards  ? 

The  Committee  are  unanimous  in  reporting  that  awards 
should  not  be  competitive.  This  Exposition  was  designed  to 
show  the  development  of  the  resources  of  the  United  States  and 
the  progress  of  civilization  in  the  new  world,  in  comparison  with 
all  nations  who  might  wish  to  participate.  It  was  thought  that 
it  should  be  put  in  its  results  upon  a  higher  plane  than  simply  to 
indicate  the  relative  merits  of  the  competitive  exhibits  of  Smith 
and  Brown.  It  was  believed  that  it  should  indicate  some  inde- 
pendent and  essential  excellence  in  the  article  exhibited,  and  that 
it  should  record  some  advancement  in  the  state  of  the  art  repre- 
sented by  such  exhibit. 

To  that  end  the  Committee  recommend  that  awards  shall  be 
granted  upon  specific  points  of  excellence  or  advancement,  formu- 
lated in  words  by  a  Board  of  Judges  or  Examiners,  who  shall  be 
competent  experts  ;  and  the  evidence  of  these  awards  shall  be 
parchment  certificates,  accompanied  by  bronze  medals. 

The  awards  of  these  Boards  of  Judges  or  Examiners  will 
thus  constitute  an  enduring  and  historical  record  of  development 
and  progress  as  represented  by  the  exhibits  in  question;  the 
parchment  certificate  will,  by  sufficient  terms  of  identification, 
evidence  the  award,  and  the  bronze  medal  will  serve  to  the 
exhibitor  as  enduring  mementos  of  his  success.  Those  exhibits 
which  in  the  opinion  of  the  juries  and  examiners  do  not  possess 
sufficient  excellence  or  intrinsic  development  to  warrant  awards, 
will  simply  be  scheduled  in  the  general  catalogue  of  the 
Exposition. 

3.  The  character  of  such  bronze  medals. 

It  is  recommended  that  there  should  be  but  one  class  or  kind 
of  medal;  that  they  should  be  made  of  bronze;  that  they  should 
be  works  of  art  and  selected  from  competitive  tests  by  the  Com- 
mittee on  Fine  Arts  of  the  Commission,  or  the  Joint  Committees 
on  Fine  Arts  of  the  Commission  and  the  Local  Directory,  if  that 
should  seem  more  desirable. 

4.  Under  whose  jurisdiction  do  the   awards    fall,  and    by 
whom  should  the  certificates  or  medals  be  furnished? 

The  awards  and  the  appointment  of  all  judges  and  exam- 
iners for  the  Exposition,  by  the  express  terms  of  the  Sixth  Section 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  253 

of  the  Act  of  Congress,  approved  April  25,  1890,  fall  within  the  Third  see- 
exclusive  jurisdiction  of  the  Commission.     It  is  not,  however,  so    Fifth  Day. 
clear  whether  the  certificates  or  medals  should  be  furnished  by  the 
Commission  or  the  Local  Directory.     It  is,  in  the  opinion  of  the 
Committee,  eminently  fitting  that  the  Government  should  furnish 
these,  especially  in  the  case  of  foreign  exhibits;  but  there  does 
not  appear  to  be  provision  made  therefor  in  the  existing  appro- 
priation of  Congress. 

It  is  proper  to  state  that  the  Committee  of  the  Local  Direct- 
ory fully  concur  in  all  the  views  herein  expressed,  as  will  appear 
by  a  copy  of  the  minutes  of  the  joint  committees  hereto  attached, 
and  marked  Exhibit  A. 

Your  Committee  thereupon  ask  the  submission  of  the  fore- 
going recommendations  for  adoption  by  the  Commissioners;  and 
that  the  Committee  be  continued  for  such  further  and  additional 
work  in  connection  with  awards  as  may  hereafter  seem  to  be 
necessary. 

(Signed)  A.  T.  BRITTON,  Chairman, 

WM.  F.  KING, 
HIRAM  ATKINS, 
JOHN  BOYD  THACHER. 

EXHIBIT  A. 

Proceedings  had  at  a  Meeting  of  the  Joint  Committee  on  Awards,  held 
in  the   Office  of  the   Secretary   of  the    World's    Columbian 
Exposition  November  20,  1890. 
ist.     There  shall  be  awards. 

2d.  The  awards  shall  be  granted  upon  specific  points  of 
excellence  or  advancement,  formulated  in  words  by  a  Board  of 
Judges  or  Examiners  who  shall  be  competent  experts,  and  the 
evidences  of  these  awards  shall  be  parchment  certificates  accom- 
panied by  bronze  medals. 

In  the  opinion  of  the  Joint  Committee,  it  is  eminently 
fitting  that  the  Government  should  furnish  these  certificates  and 
medals,  especially  in  the  case  of  foreign  exhibits;  but  there  does 
not  appear  to  be  any  provision  made  therefor  in  the  existing 
appropriations  of  Congress. 
Hon.  A.  T.  BRITTON,  Auditorium,  City: 

DEAR  SIR:  I  inclose  herewith  copy  of  proceedings  of  the 
Committee  on  Awards  this  afternoon. 

Very  respectfully  yours, 
(Signed)  BENJ.  BUTTERWORTH, 

Secretary. 


254  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Report  of  Mr.  Adams,  of  Arkansas,  acting:  Chairman  of  the  Committee 

Commit- 

lmo°ifiSer' on  Ceremonies,  submitted  the  following  report,  which  was 
ordered  to  be  printed  and  lie  upon  the  table  for  future  con- 
sideration: 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  21,  1890. 

Hon.  THOS.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commis- 
sion, Chicago,  111.: 

SIR:  Your  Committee  on  Ceremonies  have  the  honor  to  pre^ 
sent  the  following  report: 

At  the  session  of  the  Committee  in  October  last,  the  outline 
of  a  plan  for  dedication  ceremonies  in  October,  1892,  was  prepared 
by  this  Committee  and  presented  to  the  Executive  Committee 
for  consideration.  Upon  motion  of  Mr.  Smalley,  the  matter  was 
referred  back  to  this  Committee,  with  full  power  to  act  and  to 
appoint  a  Secretary. 

Since  the  adjournment  of  this  Committee  in  October,  its 
Secretary  has  been  in  correspondence  with  the  Adjutants-General 
of  the  various  States  and  Territories,  and  many  officers  of  the 
Regular  Army  and  National  Guard.  The  replies  have  been 
voluminous,  and  most  of  them  are  well  worthy  of  the  attention  of 
the  Committee. 

Your  Committee  has,  after  careful  consideration,  decided  to 
fully  recommend  as  the  prominent  feature  of  the  dedication 
ceremonies  a  grand  military  encampment  and  mobilization  of  the 
Regular  Army  and  National  Guard  in  October,  1892,  the  details 
to  be  hereafter  considered. 

The  study  of  proper  ceremonies  which  will  fully  provide  for 
the  appropriate  dedication  of  buildings  in  1892,  as  contemplated 
by  the  Act  of  Congress  creating  the  World's  Columbian  Exposi- 
tion, has  opened  up  a  wide  range  of  ideas,  and  your  Committee, 
beyond  making  the  one  recommendation  referred  to,  ask  further 
time  to  fully  investigate  the  many  plans  suggested,  and  to  that 
end  ask  permission  to  have  a  special  session  of  the  Committee 
on  January  13,  1890,  or  before  that  time  should  the  Chairman  of 

the  Committee  deem  it  necessary. 

• 

The  Commissioners  will  at  once  see  the  propriety  of  defi- 
nitely determining  at  this  time  the  one  feature  of  a  grand 
review,  accompanied  with  a  national  military  encampment,  for 


Minutes  of  the   Third  -Session.  255* 

the  reason  that  the  Legislatures  of  the  various  States  will  be  i 
session  before  the  next  session  of  the  World's  Columbian  Com- 
mission. 

JNO.  D.  ADAMS, 

Acting  Chairman. 

Mr.  Keogh,  of  North  Carolina,  offered  the  following  pre- 
amble and  resolution,  which  was  referred  to  the  Judiciary 
Committee: 

WHEREAS,  It  is  provided  by  Section  19  of  the  Act  of  Con- 
gress creating  the  World's  Columbian  Commission  that  "  the 
officers  of  said  Commission  shall  receive  such  compensation  as 
may  be  fixed  by  said  Commission,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury;"  and, 

WHEREAS,  The  said  Commission  by  its  By-Laws  has  created 
the  offices  of  President,  Secretary,  Director-General,  and  Acting 
Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee,  and  by  Articles  15  and 
16  of  said  By-Laws  has  fixed  the  compensation  that  shall  be 
paid  to  the  President,  the  Secretary,  the  Director-General,  and 
the  Acting  Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee  ;  and, 

WHEREAS,  The  present  incumbents  of  said  offices  did 
assume  the  duties  of  their  respective  offices  with  the  compen- 
sation affixed  thereto  as  aforesaid;  and, 

WHEREAS,  The  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  has  approved  the 
compensation  of  said  officers,  as  fixed  by  this  Commission;  there- 
fore be  it 

Resolved,  That  it  is  not  within  the  power  of  this  Commission 
to  decrease  the  compensation  of  the  incumbents  of  the  offices  of 
President,  Secretary,  Director-General,  and  Acting  Chairman  of 
the  Executive  Committee  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission 
as  now  fixed  by  its  By-Laws  and  approved  by  the  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury. 

Mr.  Holliday,  of  Kansas,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Printing,  called  up  the  report  of  that  Committee  and  moved  its 
adoption.  The  report  of  the  Committee  was  adopted. 

Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  offered  the  following  preamble 
and  resolution,  and  moved  its  adoption: 

WHEREAS,  An  impression  prevails  in  some  quarters  that  the 
session  of  its  Board  of  Lady  Managers  is  restricted  to  five  days; 
therefore  be  it 

Resolved,  For  the  information  of  its  Board  of  Lady  Managers, 
that  no  such  restriction  was  imposed  by  this  Commission. 


256  World's  Columbian   Commission. 

Tsion-es"  ^-r-  Waller,  °f  Connecticut,  moved  to  amend  by  instructing 

Day<  Mr.  White  to  personally  convey  to  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers 
the  notice  of  the  adoption  of  the  resolution,  in  case  of  its 
passage. 

Mr.  de  Young,  of  California,  moved,  as  an  amendment  to 
the  amendment,  that  Mr.  Waller  and  Mr.  McDonald  be  added  to 
the  Committee  to  convey  notice  of  the  passage  of  the  resolution 
to  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  McClelland,  of  Pennsylvania,  the  whole 
matter  was  indefinitely  postponed. 

Mr.  Ewing,  of  Illinois,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission  be  in- 
structed to  forward  to  the  Governor  of  each  State  and  Terri- 
tory, for  the  use  of  the  Legislatures  thereof,  a  bound  copy  of 
the  complete  proceedings  of  this  Commission. 

Mr.  Woodside,  of  Pennsylvania,  offered  the  following  as  a 
substitute: 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  the  Commission  be  in- 
structed to  mail  to  the  Governor  and  Governor-elect  of  each 
State  and  Territory,  to  the  Commissioners  of  the  District  of 
Columbia,  and  Secretary  of  each  executive  department  of  the 
United  States,  a  full  report  of  the  proceedings  of  this  Commis- 
sion to  the  close  of  this  session,  so  that  each  Governor  may 
have  full  information  in  writing  his  message  to  the  Legislature 
on  the  subject  of  the  representation  of  each  State  at  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  of  1893. 

Mr.  Ewing  accepted  Mr.  WToodside's  substitute,  and  the  res- 
olution was  adopted. 

Mr.  Massey,  from  the  Judiciary  Committee,  submitted  the 
following  report  : 
To  the  President  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission  : 

Judiciary  Committee,  to  whom  was  referred,  on  mo- 


e  ortof 

ciarycom-  ^on  °^  Commissioner  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  that  paragraph  of  the 
sffiries'of  Executive  Committee's  report  to  be  found  at  the  head  of  page 
five  of  the  official  minutes  of  Tuesday,  the  i8th  inst.,  together 
with  the  letter  from  the  Honorable  Secretary  of  the  Treasury 
therein  incidentally  referred  to,  beg  leave  to  submit  the  following 
report  : 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  257 

It  is  the  opinion  of  the  Committee  that  the  paragraph  re-  Third  iScs- 
f  erred  contains  merely  the  statement  of  a  fact,  to  wit  :  the  recep-    Fifth  Day. 
tion  by  that  Committee  of  a  letter  from  the  Secretary  of  the 
Treasury,  which  was  thereupon  read  before  the  Committee,  so 
that  this  paragraph,  in  fact,  presents  nothing  which  this  Com- 
mittee can  consider. 

As  to  the  communication  from  the  Honorable  Secretary  of 
the  Treasury,  the  Committee  begs  to  observe  that  it  contains  his 
official  approval  of  Articles  15  and  16  of  the  By-Laws  of  the  Com- 
mission, fixing  the  salaries  of  the  officers  of  the  Commission 
therein  named,  so  that  there  is  likewise  nothing  in  this  branch  of 
the  reference  which  either  suggests  or  requires  any  action  by 
this  Committee.  Your  Committee  is  not,  however,  disposed  in 
any  sense  to  be  technical  or  captious,  and  inasmuch  as  it  was 
manifest  by  the  discussion  in  the  Commission  of  the  motion  of 
Commissioner  Waller  that  it  was  the  desire  of  the  Commission 
that  the  question  of  the  salaries  prescribed  by  Articles  15  and  16 
of  the  By-Laws  should  be  considered  by  your  Committee,  and 
some  further  deliverance  made  respecting  the  same,  your  Com- 
mittee considered  that  it  ought  to  regard  the  sense  of  the  Corn- 
mission  thus  expressed  ;  and,  having  done  so,  submits  the  fol- 
lowing views  and  conclusions  : 

In  the  original  consideration  of  the  subject  of  the  salaries  of 
these  officers,  your  Committee,  appreciating  its  responsibility  in 
dealing  with  a  question  so  delicate  and  important,  held  several 
conferences  respecting  the  same,  and  endeavored  to  discharge  its 
duty  in  this  behalf  impartially,  fairly,  and  honestly,  having  due 
regard  to  the  extent,  character  and  responsibility  of  the  duties 
imposed  upon  the  several  officers  in  their  respective  spheres,  to 
the  magnitude  and  importance  of  the  great  undertaking  they  were 
to  serve  and  promote,  and  also  the  condition  and  extent  of  the 
Commission's  resources  as  to  funds  for  the  payment  of  these  and 
other  expenses  necessarily  incident  to  the  prosecution  of  its  work, 
and  arrived  at  the  conclusion  that  the  salaries  prescribed  by 
Articles  15  and  16  of  the  By-Laws,  as  reported,  were  not  exorbi- 
tant, but  reasonable  and  just,  and  this  conclusion  was  reached 
with  remarkable  unanimity,  there  being,  in  fact,  but  one  dissent- 
ing member  of  the  Committee. 

In  arriving  at  this  conclusion,  your  Committee  was,  among  • 
other   considerations,   seriously  impressed  by  the  following,  to 
wit: 


258  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Third  see-  i.     The  tenure  of  these  officers  is  uncertain,  and  the  empiov- 

slon—  *      J 

Fifth  Day.  ment  necessarily  temporary. 

2.  In  view  of  the   national  and  international  character  of 
the  great    and   important   work    these    officers    are    required    to 
undertake,    it   was   essentially   important    that    they    should    be 
representative  men,  specially  well  equipped  and  qualified  for  the 
discharge  of  the  varied  and  multifarious  duties  necessarily  inci- 
dent to  their  respective  stations. 

3.  That  the   character  of  their  duties   was  such  as  neces- 
sarily to  require  the  abandonment  of  all  private  business,  their 
removal  from  their  homes  to  Chicago,  and  their  continued  resi- 
dence therein  during  the  course  of  their  work,  and  the  necessary 
pecuniary   loss  they   would    sustain    in    their  business    relations, 
as  well  as  the  increased  expenses  to  which  they  would  be  sub- 
jected in  this   change  of   residence  and   in  the  social   relations 
incident  to  their  official  stations. 

4.  That  the  Congress  of  the  United   States  had  regarded 
the  World's  Fair  enterprise  as  an  undertaking  of  such  magnitude 
and  importance  as  to  justify  them  in  constituting  this  Commis- 
sion, representing  all  the  States  and  Territories  as  well  as  a  certain 
number  at  large,  and  endowing  that  body  with  large  and  respon- 
sible powers  and  functions,  touching  the  government  and  control 
of   the   World's  Fair,  and  expressly  authorized  the  election    of 
officers  who  should  be  its  official   heads,   representatives  of   its 
dignity   and  powers,   and  in  their  several   spheres  ministers  to 
execute  its  behests. 

When  the  former  report  was  made,  it  will  be  remembered 
that  a  proposition  was  submitted  to  reduce  each  of  the  several 
salaries  mentioned  in  the  report,  and  the  Commission,  on  that 
question,  by  a  vote  so  practically  unanimous  as  to  furnish  but  a 
single  dissenting  Commissioner,  most  emphatically  expressed  its 
deliberate  judgment  that  no  reduction  should  be  made;  and  as 
to  one  of  these  salaries,  at  the  time  of  the  consideration  of  the 
report,  there  was  a  motion  to  increase  it,  which  question  the 
Commission,  by  a  divided  vote,  decided  in  the  negative.  It  is 
apparent,  therefore,  that  this  matter  of  salaries  was  not  disposed 
of  in  a  corner,  but  was  fully  and  fairly  considered  and  deliber- 
ately determined;  and  your  Committee,  therefore,  in  this  aspect, 
deem  it  injudicious  and  unwise  to  reopen  the  question. 

Moreover,  the  several  officers  have  been  installed  in  their 
offices  and  the  salaries  fixed,  and  any  diminution  of  such  sala- 
ries, except  upon  their  suggestion  and  with  their  express  consent, 


,    Minutes  of  the   Ttiird  Session.  259 

would  be  unjust  to  them   and  violative  of  at   least   the  moral  Third  ses- 

•>  slon— 

obligation    toward   them   which   the  Commission  imposed  upon    :  ifthDa 
itself  by  the  deliberate  action  in  this  behalf  heretofore  had. 

Your  Committee  are,  therefore,  for  all  the  reasons  stated, 
unwilling  to  recommend  any  amendments  to  By-Laws  15  and  16, 
unless  they  shall  be  specially  thereto  directed  by  the  order  of  the 
Commission. 


Mr.  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  moved  that  the  foregoing  report 

adopted. 

of  the  Judiciary  Committee  regarding  the  salaries  of  officers  of 
the  Commission  be  adopted.  The  motion  was  seconded  by  Mr. 
McDonald,  and  the  report  of  the  Committee  was  unanimously 
adopted. 

Mr.  McKenzie,  Vice-Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee, 
called  up  the  report  of  that  Committee  which  was  under  consid- 
eration when  the  Commission  adjourned  on  Friday. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  with  reference  to  that  portion  of 
the  report  of  the  Executive  Committee  providing  for  the  estab- 
lishment of  Executive  Bureaus  for  the  administration  of  the 
business  of  the  Exposition,  raised  the  point  of  order  that  such 
recommendation  was  in  conflict  with  the  By-Laws  of  the  Com- 
mission, and  was,  therefore,  properly  referable  to  the  Judiciary 
Committee. 

Before  the  point  of  order  was  decided,  Mr.  Lindsay,  of 
Kentucky,  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was  unani- 
mously adopted: 

Resolved,  That  so  much  of  the  report  of  the  Executive 
Committee,  and  of  the  letter  of  the  Director-General,  as  relates 
to  the  establishment  of  bureaus,  be  referred  to  the  Select  Com- 
mittee of  Conference  raised  by  the  resolution  adopted  Novem- 
ber 21,  1890. 

Mr.  Russell  called  up  his  resolution,  previously  offered  and 
referred  to  the  Committee  on  Awards,  and  asked  unanimous 
consent  that  it  /be  considered  immediately. 

Mr.  Sewell,  of  New  Jersey,  moved  that  the  words  "  a  liberal 
amount"  be  substituted  for  the  words  "two  hundred  thousand 
dollars."  Mr.  Russell  accepted  the  amendment,  and  the  resolu- 
tion was  unanimously  adopted. 


260  World's  Columbian   Commission. 

TsioJ-es"  ^n  Groner,  of  Virginia,  as  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 

)ay'  Tariffs  and  Transportation,  moved  that  so  much  of  the  report  of 
-that  Committee  as  referred  to  the  creation  of  a  Bureau  of  Trans- 
portation and  the  appointment  of  a  chief  of  that  bureau  be  referred 
to  the  Select  Conference  Committee  on  the  Duties  and  Powers  of 
the  Commission,  and  the  motion  prevailed. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  until   10  o'clock  Monday 
morning,  November  24th. 


Third  Session— Sixth  Day,  Monday,  November  24, 1890. 

• 
Third  ses-  The  Commission  met  at  10  o'clock  in  the  Council  Chamber, 

sion— Sixth   * 

D*y-          City  Hall.     President  Palmer  in  the  chair. 

The  roll  was  called,  and  the  following  Commissioners  and 
alternates  were  present: 

Roii-caii.  COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE. — California,    M.    L.    McDonald; 

Kentucky,  W.  Lindsay;  Michigan,  T.  W.  Palmer;  Nebraska,  R. 
W.  Furnas,  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. — D.  Clagett, 
alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  STATES. — Alabama,  G.  L.  Werth, 
alternate;  Arkansas,  J.  D.  Adams;  California,  M.  H.  de 
Young,  W.  Forsyth;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J.  V.  Skiff; 
Connecticut,  L.  Brainard,  T.  M.  Waller;  Delaware,  G.  V. 
Massey,  W.  H.  Porter;  Florida,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turnbull; 
Georgia,  L.  McLaws,  C.  H.  Way;  Idaho,  G.  A.  Manning, 
J.  E.  Stearns;  Illinois,  C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T.  Ewing;  Indiana,  T. 

E.  Garvin,   E.   B.    Martindale;  Iowa,   W.   F.    King,   J.    Eiboeck, 
alternate;  Kansas,,   C.  K.   Holliday,  Jr.,  R.  R.   Price;  Kentucky, 
J.  Bennett,  J.  A.   McKenzie;   Louisiana,    D.  B.   Penn,  P.  J.   Mc- 
Mahon,  alternate;  Maine,  C.  S.  Edwards,  alternate;  Massachusetts, 

F.  W.  Breed;  Michigan,  M.  H.  Lane,  C.  H.  Richmond;  Minne- 
sota, M.  B.  Harrison,  O.  V.  Tousley;   Mississippi,  J.  M.  Bynum, 
R.  L.  Saunders;  Missouri,  T.  B.  Bullene,  C.  H.  Jones;  Montana, 
A.   H.   Mitchell;  Nebraska,  A.   G.   Scott,  W.  L.  May,  alternate; 
Nevada,  J.  W.  Haines,  G.  Russell;  New  Hampshire,  W.  Aiken; 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  261 

New  Jersey,  W.  J.  Sewell,  T.  Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H. 
Breslin,  alternate;  North  Carolina,  T.  B.  Keogh;  North  Dakota,  H. 
P.  Rucker,  M.  Ryan;  Ohio,  H.  P.  Platt,  W.  Ritchie;  Oregon,  H. 
Klippel;  M.  Wilkins;  Pennsylvania;  W.  McClelland,  J.  W.  Wood- 
side;  Rhode  Island,  L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina,  J.  R. 
Cochran,  E.  L.  Roche,  alternate;  South  Dakota,  S.  A.  Ramsey, 
L.  S.  Bullard,  alternates;  Tennessee,  T.  L.  Williams,  R.  Strong, 
alternate;  Texas,  J.  T.  Dickinson;  Vermont,  A.  F.  Walker,  H. 
Atkins,  alternates;  Virginia,  V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T.  Harris;  Wash- 
ington, H.  Drum,  C.  B.  Hopkins;  West  Virginia,  J.  D.  Butt,  J. 
W.  St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,  P.  Allen,  Jr.,  J.  L.  Mitchell;  Wyoming, 
H.  G.  Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  TERRITORIES. — Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats; 
New  Mexico,  R.  M.  White,  L.  C.  Tetard,  alternate;  Oklahoma, 
O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah,  F.  J.  Kiesel,  P.  H.  Lannan. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  asked  that  the  Select  Con- 
ference Committee  on  the  Powers  and  Duties  of  the  Commission 
be  allowed  to  sit  during  the  session  of  the  Commission,  and  it 
was  so  ordered. 

Mr.  Breslin,  of  New  York,  moved  that  a  recess  be  taken 
until  2  o'clock  p.  M.,  and,  by  request,  agreed  that  his  motion  be 
temporarily  laid  aside. 

Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  moved  that  the  report  of  the  Com- 
mittee on  Ceremonies  be  taken  from  the  table.  After  some  dis- 
cussion it  was  voted  that  the  report  be  made  the  special  order 
immediately  following  the  consideration  of  the  report  of  the 
Select  Conference  Committee. 

Mr.  Atkins,  of  Vermont,  called  up  the  report  of  the  Sub- 
Committee  of  the  Executive  Committee  on  the  question  of 
awards,  and  moved  that  it  be  made  the  special  order  immediately 
following  the  consideration  of  the  report  of  the  Committee  on 
Ceremonies,  and  it  was  so  ordered. 

Mr.  Clagett,  of  the  District  of  Columbia,  offered  the  follow- 
ing resolution,  which  was  adopted: 

18 


262  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

™m-llxth  Resolved,  That  the  Congress  of  the  United  States  be 
requested  to  extend  for  the  business  of  the  World's  Columbian 
Commission  the  use  of  the  penalty-envelope  privileges  of  the 
Post  Office  Department  of  the  United  States. 

Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  in  behalf  of  his  colleague,  Mr. 
Tetard,  Alternate,  offered  the  following  preamble  and  resolutions, 
which  were  ordered  printed  in  the  minutes  and  referred  to  the 
Select  Conference  Committee: 

WHEREAS,  It  is  necessary  to  establish  a  basis  of  operations 
upon  which  the  National  and  Local  organizations  can  act  har- 
moniously, and  carry  out  the  functions  of  their  various  offices, 
and  exercise  their  rights  and  prerogatives; 

Resolved,  first,  That  the  integrity  and  standing  of  the 
several  Committees  created  by  the  Columbian  Commission,  in 
order  that  the  National  character  of  the  organization  may  be 
maintained,  must  remain  intact. 

Resolved,  second,  That  we  are  opposed  to  the  creation  or 
organization  of  any  bureaus  for  the  managing  of  the  various 
departments  necessary  to  the  successful  carrying  on  of  this 
Exposition. 

Resolved,  third,  That  a  Sub-Committee  of  each  of  the  sev- 
eral Committes  be  and  is  hereby  created,  consisting  of  the  Chair- 
man and  two  members  of  the  same  Committee,  one  of  which 
shall  be  selected  by  the  Director-General  and  one  of  which  shall 
be  selected  by  the  Chairman  of  the  same  Committee,  who,  acting 
through  the  Director-General,  in  conjunction  with  the  Local 
Board,  shall  be,  and  are  hereby  empowered  to  act  for  the  respect- 
ive Committees  to  which  they  belong. 

Resolved,  fourth,  That  should  emergencies  of  sufficient  im- 
portance arise  to  justify  the  same,  the  Chairman  of  said  Sub- 
Coinmittee  be,  and  is  hereby  authorized  to  call  together  or 
consult  with  the  entire  Committee  of  which  he  is  Chairman 
before  taking  any  final  action. 

Resolved,  fifth,  That  any  action  or  decision  arrived  at  by 
the  Chairman,  acting  with  the  consent  and  authority  of  the 
majority  of  the  full  Committee,  on  all  matters  pertaining  to  the 
business  for  which  this  Committee  was  created,  together  with  all 
matters  properly  referred  to  them,  shall  be  final. 

Resolved,  sixth,  That  the  Chairman  of  said  Sub-Committee 
shall  be  entitled  to  a  compensation  at  the  rate  of  $4,000  per 


Minutes  of  the    Third  Session.  263 


annum,  and  such  expenses  as  are  necessary  or  incidental  to 
proper  carrying  out  of  the  business  of  the  Committee  of  which  Day' 
he  is  Chairman.  This  salary  only  to  be  paid  while  he  is 
actually  engaged  in  the  business  of  the  Exposition.  That  this  is 
in  no  way  to  conflict  with  the  compensation  to  which  he  is  enti- 
tled by  the  Act  of  Congress. 

Resolved,  seventh,  That  the  two  members  of  said  Sub-Com- 
mittee, one  of  which  having  been  selected  by  the  Chairman  of 
the  Committee  and  one  of  which  having  been  selected  by  the 
Director-General,  shall  be,  and  are  hereby  entitled  to  a  compen- 
sation at  the  rate  of  $2,500  per  annum  and  necessary  expenses 
for  such  time  as  they  may  be  necessarily  employed  in  the  busi- 
ness of  this  Exposition.  That  this  is  in  no  way  to  conflict  with 
the  compensation  to  which  they  are  entitled  by  the  Act  of  Con- 
gress. 

Mr.  Williams,  of  Tennessee,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  ordered  to  be  printed  in  the  minutes  and  referred  to 
the  Select  Conference  Committee: 

Resolved,  That  a  select  Committee  of  four  (4)  be  appointed 
by  the  President,  to  formulate  and  submit  to  this  Commission  a 
bill,  to  be  enacted  into  a  law  by  the  several  States  and  Territories 
of  the  United  States,  providing  for  an  appropriation  of  money  in 
aid  of  the  World's  Fair,  1893,  and  that  they  formulate  and  assign 
reasons,  if  any  there  be,  why  said  appropriations  should  be 
made. 

The  unfinished  business  being  the  consideration  of  the 
report  of  the  Executive  Committee,  Mr.  McKenzie  moved  that 
all  reference  to  the  appointment  of  Mr.  Jaycox  as  Tariff  Man- 
ager be  stricken  out,  and  that  the  remainder  of  the  report  be 
accepted  and  approved. 

Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Tariffs  and  Transportation,  asked  unanimous  consent  to  with- 
draw the  report  of  that  Committee  with  reference  to  the  appoint- 
ment of  a  Traffic  Manager  and  to  submit  another  report  at  a 
future  time,  and  consent  was  granted. 

The  motion  of  Mr.  McKenzie  that  the  report  of  the  Execu-  Report  of 

the  Execu- 

tive  Committee  be  approved  was  adopted.  Xtttee^a 

previously 

Mr.  McKenzie   moved  that  the   President  be  requested  to    JJJjjJJjj4' 
communicate  to  the  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives  the 


264  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Tsion-lfxth  act*on  of  tne  Commission   regarding  the  appointment  of  Com- 
missioners from  Alaska,  as  embodied  in  the  report  of  the  Execu- 
tive Committee  just  approved.     The  motion  was  adopted. 
r1hertAudit-          Mr-  Allen,  of  Wisconsin,  called  up  the  report  of  the  Audit- 
mittee       ing  Committee  and  moved  its   adoption.      The    report    of   the 
Committee  was  adopted. 

Mr.  Haines,  of  Nevada,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  adopted: 

WHEREAS,  It  is  desirable  that  an  album  of  the  photographs 
of  the  Commissioners  and  alternate  Commissioners  of  the  World's 
Columbian  Commission  be  filed  as  a  part  of  the  memorial 
records;  and, 

WHEREAS,  Mr.  C.  D.  Mosher,  of  Chicago,  has  offered  to 
make  such  photos  and  prepare  such  album  free  of  cost  to  this 
Commission,  therefore 

Resolved,  That  this  Commission  accepts  with  thanks  the  said 
offer,  and  the  members  hereof  are  requested  to  visit  the  rooms 
of  said  Mosher  and  sit  for  pictures. 

The  Commission  then  took  a  recess   until  2  o'clock  p.  M. 

The  Commission  assembled  at  2  o'clock  P.  M.,  Vice-Presi- 
dent  Waller,  of  Connecticut,  in  the  chair. 

The  Chair  presented  a  communication  from  the  Secretary 
of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  transmitting  a  series  of  resolu- 
tions regarding  the  appointment  of  a  Director  for  the  Depart- 
ment of  Fine  Arts  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  with 
the  request  that  it  be  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Fine  Arts, 
and  it  was  so  referred. 

The  Chair  presented  a  communication  from  the  Illustrated 
World's  Fair  Publishing  Company,  requesting  photographs  of 
Commissioners  and  Alternates  not  already  forwarded,  for  publi- 
cation in  that  journal  for  December.  The  communication  was 
read  for  the  information  of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  Way,  of  Georgia,  offered  the  following  preamble  and 
resolution: 

WHEREAS,  It  is  the  intention  and  desire  of  this  Commission 
to  recognize  every  interest  of  the  nation  ;  and." 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  £65 

WHEREAS,  It  would  be  a  matter  of  great  moment,  not  only  Thirdj|e»^ 
to  this  country,  but  to  all  the  world,  to  mark  the  progress  made  by  Day- 
the  colored  race  since  its  enfranchisement  ;  and, 

WHEREAS,  Congress  has,  whenever  the  subject  has  been 
brought  before  it,  manifested  a  desire  to  encourage  this  race  in 
its  self-improvement,  and  save  for  the  exigencies  of  the  session 
would  have  probably  appropriated  a  sum  of  money  to  be  ex- 
pended expressly  for  an  exhibition  of  the  work  of  the  colored 
race;  now,  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  the  Special  Committee  appointed  to  present 
to  Congress  any  legislation  necessary  to  the  success  of  the  Fair, 
be  instructed  to  prepare  a  bill,  and  to  ask  Congress  to  pass  that 
bill,  appropriating  an  adequate  sum  to  be  expended  under  the 
direction  of  this  Commission  and  the  Director-General  in  pre- 
senting to  the  country  and  the  world  the  progress  made  by  the 
Afro-American  race  during  its  first  generation  of  freedom. 

After  considerable  debate,  Mr.  Way  offered  a  verbal  amend- 
ment that  the  resolution  be  referred  to  the  Executive  Committee, 
with  instructions  to  prepare  a  bill  if  in  their  judgment  they  deem 
it  proper.  A  division  was  called  for,  and  the  resolution  as 
amended  was  referred  to  the  Executive  Committee. 

Mr.  Atkins,  of  Vermont,  from  the  Sub-Committee  on  Awards, 
asked  and  was  given  unanimous  consent  to  submit  the  following 
supplementary  report: 

CHICAGO,   November  24,   1890. 
To  the    World 's  Columbian  Commission: 

The  Committee  on  Awards,  to  which  was  referred  the  resolu- 
tion asking  that  cash  premiums  shall  be  paid  to  exhibitors  of 
Live  Stock,  respectfully  beg  leave  to  report  that  its  members  met 
in  joint  conference  with  the  Live  Stock  Committee  of  this  Com- 
mission and  the  Committee  of  the  Illinois  Corporation,  and  after 
hearing  gentlemen  representing  the  different  live-stock  interests, 
the  conference  unanimously  adopted  the  following: 

Resolved,  That  in  view  of  the  presentation  made  before  the 
joint  committees  of  awards  by  the  committee  of  the  Live  Stock 
Association  as  to  the  importance  of  cash  premiums,  we  recom- 
mend to  our  respective  bodies  that  a  liberal  appropriation  be 
made  for  that  purpose.  HIRAM  ATKINS, 

Acting  Chairman. 
JOHN  BOYD  THACHER, 
WM.  F.  KING. 


266  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

The  report  of  the  Committee  embodying  the  recommenda- 
tion that  cash  premiums  be  awarded,  was  accepted  and  ordered 
to  be  printed  in  the  minutes  and  lie  upon  the  table  for  future 
consideration. 
RttPc?Isu>b-  Mr.  Atkins,  by  unanimous  consent,  called  up   the  previous 

Committee 

on  Awards  report  of  the  Sub-Committee  on  Awards,  and  moved  its  adoption. 

adopted. 

The  report  was  adopted. 

Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  in  behalf  of  the  Committee  on 
Ceremonies,  asked  unanimous  consent  for  the  consideration  of 
the  report  of  that  Committee,  and  it  was  granted. 

Mr.  Ryan,  of  North  Dakota,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Ceremonies 
be  adopted,  and  that  the  Committee  be  authorized  to  hold  a 
meeting  in  January,  1891,  or  at  an  earlier  clay,  on  the  call  of  the 
Chairman  as  recommended  in  the  report. 

Mr.  Jones,  of  Missouri,  offered  the  following  amendment: 

Resolved,  That  the  report  be  referred  back  to  the  Com- 
mittee with  instructions  to  make  the  military  parade  or  display 
subordinate  to  civic  ceremonies,  which  shall  include  a  commem- 
oration ode,  addresses  by  distinguished  orators,  and  a  musical 
programme  appropriate  to  the  majesty,  and  solemnity,  and 
historic  significance  of  the  occasion. 

Resolved,  further,  That  the  foregoing  resolution  is  not 
intended  to  prohibit  a  military  contingent  as  a  feature  of  the 
street  pageant  or  display,  but  simply  that  it  should  not  be  made  so 
prominent  as  to  subordinate  the  civic  ceremonies  provided  for 
the  dedication  of  an  enterprise  illustrative  of  the  industrial 
achievements  of  the  nations  of  the  world,  and  not  of  their  phys- 
ical force  and  prowess. 

Mr.  Martindale,   of    Indiana,  offered  the  following  proviso: 

Provided,  That  no  such  display  shall  be  made  unless  the 
same  is  approved  by,  and  participated  in,  by  the  Local  Directory. 

After  considerable  debate,  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Ryan  was 
adopted,  and  the  other  resolutions  and  proviso  were  referred  back 
to  the  Committee  on  Ceremonies. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  from  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Affairs,  offered  the  following  supplemental  report: 


Minutes  of  the    Third  Session.  267 

Supplementing  the  report  heretofore  made  at   the  present  Th^_ 
session  of  the  Commission,  and  which  has  been  duly  adopted,  Day- 
the  Foreign  Affairs  Committee  begs  to  submit  the  following: 

That,  at  its  first  meeting  in  New  York,  in  conjunction  with  Report  of 
the  Foreign  Affairs  Committee  of  the  Illinois  Corporation  referred 


m.o?e°n 


to  in  the  preceding  report,  it  was  communicated  to  your  Com-  m.oect 
mittee,  by  Chairman  Baker  of  the  Illinois  Committee,  that  the  Spanish. 
latter  Committee  had  carefully  examined  and  duly  considered  Bureau.  " 
a  plan  prepared  at  its  instance  by  Mr.  Wm.  E.  Curtis,  of  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  which  contemplated  securing  a  most  interesting 
and  comprehensive  general  exhibit  from  the  territory  embraced 
within  the  several  Latin-American  Republics,  and  that  this 
scheme  had  received  the  unanimous  approval  of  his  Committee, 
which  had  made  ample  provision  for  the  necessary  fund  to  carry 
the  same  into  successful  operation;  and  he  suggested  that  Mr. 
Curtis  should  be  invited  to  appear  before  your  Committee  and 
explain,  somewhat  at  length,  the  details  of  his  plan. 

Acting  upon  this  suggestion,  Mr.  Curtis  was  invited  to 
explain  his  scheme  to  your  Committee,  and,  in  pursuance  of  such 
invitation,  he  appeared  and  was  fully  heard  respecting  the  same. 

In  order  that  the  Commission  may  be  fally  informed  as  to 
the  general  character  and  details  of  the  plan  contemplated  by 
Mr.  Curtis,  your  Committee  invites  attention  to  a  communication 
addressed  to  Commissioner  Jas.  A.  McKenzie,  Chairman  of  the 
Committee  on  Permanent  Organization,  dated  August  22,  1890, 
in  which  Mr.  Curtis  very  fully  and  clearly  discloses,  with  intelli- 
gent particularity,  the  plan  and  scope  of  the  undertaking  he 
proposes,  to  secure  an  exhibit  which  must  necessarily,  in  view  of 
the  occasion  to  be  commemorated,  possess  more  than  ordinary 
interest;  and  it  maybe  observed  this  scheme  has  been  formulated 
and  outlined  by  hi-m  upon  the  express  invitation  of  the  Com- 
mittee on  Permanent  Organization.  This  letter  will  be  found 
in  the  appendix  to  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Permanent 
Organization,  from  pages  seventy  to  seventy-nine,  inclusive,  and 
your  Committee  begs  that  the  said  communication  may  be  treated 
and  considered  as  a  part  of  this  report  as  fully  as  if  set  out 
herein  in  totidem  vcrbis. 

The  Committee  of  the  Illinois  Corporation,  in  its  conference 
with  your  Committee,  expressed  so  strongly  their  conviction  as  to 
the  propriety  and  importance  of  this  undertaking,  that  your 
Committee  would  have  felt  great  reluctance  in  disregarding  the 
force  of  their  recommendation,  even  if  no  decided  impression 


268  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

™  M?-l!xth  nad  been  produced  on  the  minds  of  your  Committee  as  to  the 
meritorious  character  of  the  scheme.  Your  Committee  were, 
however,  so  thoroughly  convinced  of  the  substantial  merit  of  the 
proposed  undertaking,  and  that  its  successful  execution  would 
result  in  one  of  the  most  attractive  and  interesting  features  of 
the  great  Exhibition,  that  they  unanimously  determined  that  it 
ought  to  be  favorably  recommended  and  promptly  endorsed  by 
the  Commission  in  such  an  authoritative  manner  and  by  the 
adoption  of  such  methods  relating  thereto  as  could  be  most 
effectively  employed,  and  having  reached  this  conclusion,  duly 
advised  the  Illinois  Committee  thereof,  and  the  latter  Com- 
mittee, acting  upon  such  advice,  as  your  Committee  is  informed, 
have  already  made  some  expenditure  and  undertaken  a  much 
larger  one  without  delay  in  the  line  of  that  work,  so  that  the 
spirit  of  good  faith  and  fair  dealing  which  has  thus  far  inspired 
the  action  of  the  Commission,  and  will  doubtless  always  control 
the  same,  ought  to  prompt  decisive  action  without  delay  in 
harmony  with  the  Committee's  recommendation. 

In  view,  therefore,  of  the  considerations  herein  suggested,  it 
is  the  unanimous  judgment  of  your  Committee,  and  it  so  recom- 
mends, that  the  Commission  promptly  take  such  action  as  may 
be  most  effective  to  adopt  and  recognize  the  said  scheme  as  an 
agency  of  the  Commission,  and  as  will  clothe  Mr.  Curtis  with 
the  necessary  and  proper  power  and  authority,  as  its  agent,  to 
carry  the  same  into  effect. 

The  above  report  was  this  24th  day  of  November,  1890, 
submitted  to  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs,  and  having  been 
duly  considered,  was  unanimously  adopted,  and  directed  to  be 
submitted  to  the  Commission  for  acceptance  and  approval. 

Attest,  GEO.  V.  MASSEY, 

Secretary. 

(President  Palmer  in  the  Chair.) 

A  long  debate  ensued,  during  the  progress  of  which  Mr. 
McKenzie  by  unanimous  consent  moved,  and  it  was  voted,  that 
when  the  Commission  adjourns  to-day  it  shall  adjourn  to  meet  at 
9  o'clock  Tuesday  morning. 

The  discussion  of  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign 
Affairs  being  resumed,  Mr.  Jones  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That,  as  it  is  not  desirable  to  open  the  Presidential 
Campaign  of  1892  on  this  floor  at  this  time,  the  recommenda- 


Minutes  of  the  Third  Session.  269 

tions  of  the  Committee  be  indefinitely  postponed  ;   all  of  which  12}J)r^ 
is  in  the  spirit  of  the  Act  of  Congress.  Day- 

By  unanimous  consent  the  report  of  the  Committee  and  the 
resolution  of  Mr.  Jones  were  laid  upon  the  table  temporarily. 

Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Tariffs  and  Transportation,  by  unanimous  consent  submitted  the 
following  report  with  the  request  that  it  be  printed  in  the  minutes 
and  lie  upon  the  table  for  future  consideration: 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  24,  1890. 

Hon.  THOMAS  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Com- 
mission, Chicago,  111.: 

SIR:  Your  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation  have 
the  honor  to  present  the  following  report: 

Immediately  after  your  announcing  the  members  of  this 
Committee,  they  met  in  the  Pullman  Building  in  Chicago  and  Tariffs  ami 
organized,  electing  Commissioner  H.  P.  Rucker,  of  North  Dakota,  tSGS°r 
as  Secretary.  After  passing  resolutions  authorizing  its  Chairman 
to  appoint  sub-committees,  and  to  employ  such  clerical  force 
as  was  necessary  to  conduct  the  business  of  the  Committee, 
adjourned  subject  to  the  call  of  its  Chairman,  with  the  under- 
standing that  the  Chairman  would  immediately  correspond  with 
such  departments  of  the  Government,  and  such  railroad 
managers  as  would  give  this  Committee  all  the  preliminary 
information  necessary  to  make  reports  to  the  Commission  con- 
cerning matters  of  transportation  sufficiently  far  in  advance  of 
the  holding  of  the  Exposition  to  enable  exhibitors  (both  in  this 
country  and  foreign  countries)  to  know  exactly  the  cost  of 
transportation  on  their  exhibits  to  and  from  the  Exposition. 

Article  10  of  the  By-Laws,  relating  to  Standing  Committees, 
says:  ''Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation,  consisting  of 
sixteen  Commissioners,  shall  have  consideration  of  all  matters 
relating  to  tariffs,  bonding  and  releasing  of  goods,  and  the  trans- 
portation of  goods  that  may  be  referred  to  them  by  the  National 
Commission,  in  conjunction  with  such  officers  of  the  Treasury 
as  may  be  appointed." 

The  foregoing  clearly  defined  the  authority  and  power  of 
the  Committee  on  Tariffs  and  Transportation.  This  Committee, 
deeming  the  question  of  "bonding  and  releasing  of  goods  "  one 
of  the  most  important  to  be  solved,  at  the  earliest  possible  date 


270  World's  Columbian   Commission. 

Thjrdj|es-  proceeded  to  communicate  with  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury, 
D&y-  and  its  Chairman  personally  waited  upon  Secretary  Windom  to 
learn  how  far  the  Act  of  Congress  establishing  this  Commission 
authorized  assistance  from  that  department  of  the  Government 
as  to  this  very  important  question,  which  -had  cost  the  Philadel- 
phia Centennial  Exposition  (as  I  have  learned)  much  trouble  and 
delay.  The  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  met  the  Chairman  of  this 
Committee,  and  at  once  directed  one  of  the  principal  officers  of 
his  department  to  examine  the  legal  aspects  of  the  question,  and 
to  give  this  Committee  early  information  upon  this  point;  and  he 
(the  Secretary)  expressed  a  desire  to  do  all  in  his  power  to  aid 
\he  Committee  and  the  Exposition.  He  said  if  the  Act  of  Con- 
gress did  not  sufficiently  cover  the  desires  and  wTants  of  the  Com- 
mission, that  recommendations  would  be  made  at  the  next  meet- 
ing of  Congress  for  further  required  legislation. 

The  Chairman  of  this  Committee  had  communicated  with 
the  Inter-State  Commerce  Commission  concerning  the  rights  of 
railroads  to  transport  exhibits  at  greatly  reduced  rates  without 
discriminating  against  other  consignees  over  the  same  lines  of 
roads.  The  Inter-State  Commerce  Commission  referred  this 
Committee  to  Section  No.  22,  of  "  An  Act  to  regulate  Com- 
merce," which  says  : 

"  Nothing  in  this  Act  shall  prevent  the  carriage,  storage,  or 
handling  of  property,  free  or  at  reduced  rates,  for  the  United 
States,  State  or  Municipal  Governments,  or  to  or  from  Fairs 
or  Expositions  for  exhibition  thereat,"  etc. 

The  Inter-State  Commerce  Commissioners  were  clearly  of 
the  opinion  that  this  Act  permitted  railroads  to  give  schedules 
of  rates  long  enough  in  advance  of  the  Exposition  for  every 
exhibitor,  both  in  this  country  and  foreign  countries,  to  know, 
at  least  a  year  ahead  of  the  Exposition,  what  the  cost  of  trans- 
portation would  be  for  their  exhibits.  At  such  time  as  was  proper, 
this  Committee  would  have  communicated  with  the  State  Depart- 
ment with  a  view  of  asking  the  aid  of  Foreign  Consulates  in 
disseminating  this  traffic  information.  We  had  also  communi- 
cated with  the  Inter-State  Commerce  Commission  as  to  the 
rights  of  railroads  to  grant  to  the  Commission,  or  to  the  Com- 
mittees (and  more  especially  to  those  connected  with  the  charge 
of  transportation),  free  annual  tickets  or  passes,  with  a  view 
to  saving  the  Government  traveling  expenses.  They  had 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  271 

received  in  reply  a  letter  from  Commissioner  Brago:   (who  had 

1    J  .  &ion-Sixth 

consulted  with  Judge  Cooley,  its  Chairman,  and  other  Commis-  Da-y- 
sioners)  to  the  effect  that  the  present  law  would  not  permit  an 
action  of  this  kind  on  the  part  of  the  railroads,  and  it  will 
require  a  joint  Act  of  Congress.  This  was  done  after  consulting 
with  several  trunk-line  presidents,  who  were  willing  and  desirous 
of  extending  courtesies  in  this  direction. 

We  had  communicated  with  the  Postmaster-General,  who  had 
referred  the  communication  to  his  legal  adviser  to  learn  if  the  Com- 
missioners were  such  officers  of  the  Government  as  would  enable 
them  to  avail  themselves  of  the  cheaper  rates  of  telegraphing 
enjoyed  by  other  officers  of  the  Government,  thereby  saving  the 
Government  all  the  expense  in  this  direction  that  was  possible. 
All  this  was  done  without  one  dollar  of  expense  to  the 
Government. 

The  sub-committees  of  this  Committee,  in  their  respective 
localities, 'without  cost  or  expense,  had  communicated  with  rail- 
road managers,  and  the  work  of  the  Committee  has  steadily 
progressed  in  the  most  satisfactory  manner.  In  fact,  everything 
has  been  done  by  this  Committee  that  could  have  been  accom- 
plished at  this  early  date. 

Now,  in  view  of  the  recommendation  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee for  the  establishment  of  bureaus,  this  Committee  would 
state,  that  in  its  opinion  no  bureau  organization  at  this  time  is 
needed  in  the  management  of  the  Tariffs  and  Transportation 
Department,  or  could  be  so  efficient  in  communicating  with  the 
heads  of  departments  in  Washington  as  a  committee  composed  of 
Commissioners  of  this  Exposition.  Nor  could  any  bureau  organi- 
zation reach  as  effectively  the  railroad  and  steamship  management 
of  this  country  as  this  Committee  has  facilities  for  doing.  They 
recognize  that  further  on  in  the  progress  of  the  work  of  this 
Exposition  it  may  be  necessary  to  establish  a  bureau  in  the  City 
of  Chicago;  but  in  ail  preliminary  work  your  Committee  believe 
that  more  efficient  service  can  be  rendered  (and  at  much  less 
expense)  in  discharging  the  duties  imposed  upon  them  by  the 
National  Commission. 

This  Committee  desires  to  express  its  profound  appreciation 
for  the  courteous  assistance  it  has  received  from  the  Committee 
on  Foreign  Affairs,  Committee  on  Fine  Arts,  the  Live  Stock 
Committee,  and  to  the  various  individual  members  of  this  Com- 


272  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

™n-tixth  m^ssion  wno  liave  manifested  their  appreciation  of  the  position  in 

Day-          which  this  Committee  was  placed. 

V.   D.  GRONER,   Chairman, 
H.   P.   RUCKER,   Secretary, 

WM.     MCCLELLAND, 

JOHN  D.  ADAMS, 
LEWIS  C.  TETARD, 
M.  H.  LANE, 
LLOYD  LOWNDES, 
WALTER  AIKEN, 
GARDINER  C.   SIMS, 
EUCLID  MARTIN, 
L.   BRAINARD, 
I.  W.   HAINES, 
J.   H.  BRESLIN. 
By  Authority: 

A.   B.  ANDREWS, 

O.   R.   HUNDLEY. 

H.     H.    MclNTYRE. 

The    Commission    then   adjourned   until   9  o'clock  Tuesday 
morning. 


Third  Session — Seventh  Day,  Tuesday,   November  25, 

1890. 

Third  ses-  The  Commission  met  in  the  Council  Chamber,  City  Hall,  at 

sion— 

Day?nth     9  o'clock  A.  M.     President  Palmer  in  the  chair. 

Roii-caii.  The  roll  was  called,  and   the   following  Commissioners  and 

alternates  were  present: 

COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE. — California,    M.    L.   McDonald  ; 

Kentucky,  W.   Lindsay;   Michigan,   T.  W.  Palmer  ;   Nebraska,  R. 

W.  Furnas,  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. — D.  Clagett, 
alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  STATES. — Alabama,  G.  L.  Werth, 
alternate  ;  Arkansas,  J.  D.  Adams;  California,  M.  H.  de  Young, 
W.  Forsyth;  Colorado,  R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J.  V.  Skiff;  Con- 
necticut, L.  Brainard,  T.  M.  Waller;  Delaware,  G.  V.  Mas- 
sey,  W.  H.  Porter;  Florida,  J.  Hirst,  R.  Turnbull;  Georgia, 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  273 

L.  McLaws,  C.  H.  Way;  Idaho,  G.  A.  Manning,  J.  E.  Stearns; 
IlHnois,  C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T.  Ewing;  Indiana,  T.  E.  Garvin,  f,ea^nth 
E.  B.  Martindale;  Iowa,  W.  F.  King,  J.  Eiboeck,  alternate; 
Kansas,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.;  R.  R.  Price;  Kentucky,  J.  Ben- 
nett, J.  A.  McKenzie;  Louisiana,  D.  B.  Penn,  P.  J.  McMahon, 
alternate;  Maine,  C.  S.  Edwards,  alternate;  Massachusetts,  F.  W. 
Breed;  Michigan,  M.  H.  Lane,  C.  H.  Richmond;  Minnesota,  M.  B. 
Harrison,  O.  V.  Tousley;  Mississippi,  J.  M.  Bynum,  R.  L.  Saun- 
ders;  Missouri,  T.  B.  Bullene,  C.  H.  Jones;  Montana,  A.  H. 
Mitchell;  Nebraska,  A.  G.  Scott,  W.  L.  May,  alternate;  Nevada, 
J.  W.  Haines,  G.  Russell;  New  Jersey,  W.  J.  Sewell,  T. 
Smith;  New  York,  J.  B.  Thacher,  J.  H.  Breslin,  alternate; 
North  Carolina,  T.  B.  Keogh;  North  Dakota,  H.  P.  Rucker, 
M.  Ryan;  Ohio,  H.  P.  Platt,  W.  Ritchie;  Oregon,  H.  Klip- 
pel,  M.  Wilkins;  Pennsylvania,  W.  McClelland,  J.  W.  Wood- 
side;  Rhode  Island,  L.  B.  Goff,  G.  C.  Sims;  South  Carolina, 
J.  R.  Cochran,  E.  L.  Roche,  alternate;  South  Dakota,  S.  A.  Ram- 
sey, L.  S.  Bullard,  alternates;  Tennessee,  T.  L.  Williams,  R. 
Strong,  alternate;  Texas,  J.  T.  Dickinson;  Vermont,  A.  F. 
Walker,  alternate;  Virginia,  V.  D.  Groner,  J.  T.  Harris;  Wash- 
ington, H.  Drum,  C.  B.  Hopkins;  West  Virginia,  J.  D.  Butt,  J. 
W.  St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,  P.  Allen,  Jr.,  J.  L.  Mitchell;  Wyoming, 
H.  G.  Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  TERRITORIES. — Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats; 
New  Mexico,  R.  M.  White,  L.  C.  Tetard,  alternate;  Oklahoma, 
O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah,  F.  J.  Kiesel,  P.  H.  Lannan. 

The  report  of  the  Committee  on  Foreign  Affairs,  regarding  supplement- 
ary report 

the  plan  for  securing  exhibits  from  the  Spanish-American  Repub-    commit- 

lics,    bein2f    under    consideration,    Mr.    Waller,   of    Connecticut,    cisn  Af- 
fairs ac- 

moved  that  the  report  be  accepted  and  referred  to  the  Bureau  of 
Foreign  Affairs  when  that  Bureau  shall  have  been  created. 

After  protracted  debate  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  For- 
eign Affairs  was  unanimously  accepted,  and  so  referred. 

Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  submitted  the  report  of  the 
Joint  Conference  Committee  on  the  Powers  and  Duties  of  the 
Commission,  as  follows: 


274: 


World's   Columbian   Commission. 


Third  Ses- 
sion—Sev- 
enth Day. 

ILeport  of 
the  Joint 
Confer- 
ence Com- 
mittee on 
the  Tow- 
ers and  Du- 
ties of  the 
Commis- 
sion and 
Chicago 
Directory. 


Executive 
Depart- 
ments. 


Salaries  of 
Chiefs  of 
Bureaus. 


Appoint- 
ments to 
he  by  Di- 
rector- 
General. 


Removals. 


List  of  Exe- 
cutive De- 
partments. 


To  the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  and  to  the  Directors  of  the 
World's  Columbian  Exposition  : 

Your  Special  Committee  of  Conference  to  whom  were  re- 
ferred the  resolutions  adopted  by  your  two  bodies  respectively, 
on  their  separate  jurisdiction  as  such,  beg  leave  to  report  the  re- 
sult of  their  joint  conference  in  the  matters  at  issue,  and  so  to 
them  submitted  : 

Your  Committee  have  deemed  it  best  to  avoid  all  discussion 
upon  legal  issues  and  technicalities,  and  adopt  such  measures  as 
to  them  seem  advisable  for  the  harmonious  administration  of  the 
affairs  of  the  Exposition.  In  pursuance  of  that  intent,  they 
recommend  the  adoption  by  your  respective  bodies  of  the  plan 
of  procedure,  outlined  as  follows: 

The  work  of  the  Exposition  shall  be  divided  into  the 
following  great  departments,  and  to  properly  administer  and 
systematize  the  Exposition,  there  shall  be  established  a  head  or 
chief  officer  of  each  of  these  departments,  such  bureaus  to  be  at 
all  times  open  to  the  inspection  of  the  appropriate  committees  of 
the  two  bodies.  Each  chief  shall  have  under  his  control  a  Bureau 
of  Clerks,  and  shall  generally  have  charge  of  correspondence 
with  intending  exhibitors  in  his  department. 

The  salaries  of  the  chiefs  of  the  several  departments  herein- 
after enumerated,  and  their  subordinates,  together  with  the 
current  expenses  of  each,  shall  be  paid  by  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition.  The  salaries  to  be  fixed  by  the  Director-General, 
subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  said  Expo- 
sition; and  the  right  is  reserved  to  the  said  Board  of  Directors  to 
discontinue  or  reduce  the  appropriations  for  any  one  or  more  of 
said  departments,  when,  in  their  opinion,  the  interests  of  the 
Exposition  shall  so  require. 

The  chiefs  of  departments  shall  be  appointed  by  the  Director- 
General,  subject  to  confirmation  by  the  National  Commission  and 
Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  and 
not  by  any  committee  of  either.  The  Director-General  shall  also 
have  power  to  appoint  all  subordinates  necessary  to  the  proper 
administration  of  the  departments. 

Removals  for  cause  may  be  made  by  the  Director-General 
of  all  officers  and  employes  appointed  by  him. 

DEPARTMENTS. 

The  Departments  shall  consist  of  the  following: 
A — Agriculture,  Food  and  Food  Products,  Farming  Machin- 
ery and  Appliances. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  275 

B— Viticulture,  Horticulture,  and  Floriculture.  ™on-sl"v- 

C— Live  Stock— Domestic  and  Wild  Animals.  enthDay.' 

D — Fish,  Fisheries,  Fish  Products,  and  Apparatus  of  Fishing. 

E — Mines,  Mining,  and  Metallurgy. 

F — Machinery. 

G — Transportation  Exhibits  —  Railways,  Vessels,  Vehicles. 

H — Manufactures. 

J — Electricity  and  Electrical  Appliances. 

K — Fine  Arts — Pictorial,  Plastic,  and  Decorative. 

L — Liberal  Arts,  Education,  Engineering,  Public  Works, 
Architecture,  Music,  and  the  Drama. 

M — Ethnology,  Archaeology,  Progress  of  Labor  and  Inven- 
tion— isolated  and  collective  exhibits. 

N — Forestry  and  Forest  Products. 

O — Publicity  and  Promotion. 

P — Foreign  Affairs. 

The  creation  of  this  Department  of  Foreign  Affairs  is  not 
to  contravene  the  rights  and  powers  of  the  Committee  on 
Foreign  Affairs  to  control  the  disbursement  of  the  §20,000  here- 
tofore placed  under  their  control;  but  the  manner  of  such  expen- 
diture shall  be  reported  to,  and  be  made  part  of,  the  record  of 
this  department,  and  in  all  other  respects  the  Committee  on 
Foreign  Affairs  shall  bear  the  same  relation  to  this  department 
as  other  standing  Committees  bear  to  their  corresponding  depart- 
ments. 

The  Director-General  may,  in  his  discretion,  and  with  the  Depart- 
ment 
consent  of  the  Executive  Committees  of  the  two  bodies — National 

Commission  and  Local  Directory — place  two  or  more  of  these 
departments  under  the  control  of  one  chief,  and  so  continue 
them  until  necessity  shall  require  independent  chiefs. 

The  expenses  of  the  Director-General's  office  and  his  clerk 
hire  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  Government  funds,  under  the  pro-    office™1'8 
vision  made  for  the  payment  of  contingent  expenses  as  set  forth 
in  Section  18  of  the  Act  of  Congress. 

Any  material  changes,   modifications,   or  extensions  in  the  P1»|}^forg 
plans  of  the  grounds  or  buildings,  as  adopted  by  the  Commission    fng1Bnuild" 
and   the   Directory,  will   be   subject   to  the  joint  approval  of  the 
Board    of    Reference    and  Control   of  the   Commission  and  the 
Grounds    and    Buildings    Committee   of    the  Directory.       The 
Commission,  -  through    its     Director-General,    or    other    officer 
selected  for  the  purpose,  shall  at  all  times  have  access  to  the 


276  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

inspection    grounds  and  buildings  for  the  purpose  of  inspection  and  informa- 

Commis-     tlOll 
sion. 

Agents  to  we          It  being  deemed  essential  that  representatives  of  the  Expo- 
sSed  un- sition  should  be  duly  accredited,  it  is  recommended  that  all  per- 
sons hereafter  officially  authorized  to  promote  the  interests  of  the 
Exposition  shall  be  commissioned  by  the  Director-General,  under 
the  seal  of  the  Commission. 

BOARD  OF  REFERENCE. 

Board  of  Resolved,  That  a  Board  of  Reference  and  Control  be  created, 

amif(Jon-ce  consisting  of  the  President,  Vice-Chairman,  and  six  members  of 
the  Commission,  to  be  hereafter  appointed  by  the  President  of  the 
Commission,  upon  whom  shall  be  conferred  all  the  powers  and 
duties  of  the  Executive  Committee  when  not  in  session,  and 
which,  with  a  like  Committee  of  the  Directory,  to  be  appointed 
by  their  President,,  shall  constitute  a  Committee  of  Conference, 
to  which  shall  be  referred  all  matters  of  difference,  and  the  action 
of  which  thereon  shall  be  conclusive. 

Your  Committees  respectfully  suggest,  that  in  their  opinion, 
the  adoption  of  the  foregoing  plan  will  render  immaterial  all  ques- 
tions of  controversy  as  to  the  relative  rights,  powers,  and  duties 
of  the  two  bodies  they  represent,  and  insure  harmonious  action 
in  the  future. 

LYMAN  J.  GAGE,  J.  W.  ST.  CLAIR,  Chairman^ 

THOMAS  B.  BRYAN,  WILLIAM  LINDSAY, 

FERD.  W.  PECK,  THOMAS  M.  WALLER, 

E.  WALKER,  E.  B.  MARTINDALE, 

E.  T.  JEFFERY,  W.  J.  SEWELL, 
POTTER  PALMER,                        M.  H.  DE  YOUNG, 

F.  S.  WINSTON,  GEO.  V.  MASSEY, 
DEWITT  C.  CREGIER.                 V.  D.  GRONER. 

Mr.  Hopkins,  of  Washington,  moved  the  following  amend- 
ment: 

Resolved,  That  the  report  of  the  Conference  Committee  be 
rejected,  and  that  the  Committee  of  this  Commission  be  requested 
to  renew  the  conference  so  as  to  obtain  the  adoption  of  the 
following,  to  take  the  place  of  the  first  three  lines,  and  the  word 
"Commission  'v  in  the  fourth  line,  on  page  3,  under  the  heading 
"Board  of  Reference." 

That  a  Board  of  Reference  and  Control  be  created,  to 
consist  of  six  members  of  this  Commission,  to  be  elected  by 
ballot,  at  three  o'clock  on  the  afternoon  of  November  25,  1890. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session. 


277 


Report  of 
joint  con- 

-comDmft- 

tee  adopt- 


ecL 


to  have  made  a  seal,  which  shall  be  the  official  seal  of  this  Com- 
mission, to  be  affixed  to  all  official  documents  of  the  Commission, 


After  considerable  debate  the  resolution  proposed  by  Mr. 
Hopkins  was  defeated,  and  the  report  of  the  Joint  Conference 
Committee  was  unanimously  adopted. 

Mr.  St.  Clair  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  Committee  on  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By- 
Laws  be  instructed  to  so  amend  the  existing  By-Laws  of  the 
Commission  as  to  conform  them  to  the  report  of  the  special 
Conference  Committee. 

Mr.  St.  Clair  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved.  That  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission  be  directed  official  seal 

J  of  the 

Commis- 
sion.   The 
Secretary 
to  attest 

and  to  be  attested  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Commission,  who  shall    custodian! 
be  its  custodian.     The   design  of  such  seal  shall  be  selected  by 
the  President  and  Secretary. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  de  Young,  the  resolution  was  unani- 
mously adopted. 

Mr.  Brainard,  of  Connecticut,  offered  the  following  resolu- 
tion, which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  Committee  on  Grounds  and  Buildings  be 
requested,  at  its  earliest  convenience,  to  report  to  this  Commission 
whether  any  portion  of  the  exhibition  grounds  has  been  set  apart 
for  the  erection  by  the  several  States,  Territories,  the  District 
of  Columbia,  and  foreign  nations,  of  suitable  buildings  to  be  used 
as  their  headquarters,  the  said  buildings  to  be  under  the  con- 
trol of  the  parties  erecting  the  same,  subject  to  the  rules  es- 
tablished for  the  government  of  the  Exhibition;  and  if  so,  how 
the  location  of  such  buildings  shall  be  determined,  and  whether 
buildings  so  erected  will  remain  the  property  of  the  parties  erect- 
ing the  same,  subject  to  their  disposal  or  removal  at  the  close  of 
the  Exhibition. 

Mr.  de  Young,  of  California,  submitted  the  following  com- 
munication, which  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Ceremonies: 

Resolved,  That  in  addition  to  the  propositions  already  men- 
tioned for  the  proper  dedication  of  the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition,  a  "night  fete"  be  placed  in  Jackson  Park.  That  all 
the  trees  in  the  park  be  decorated  with  bright  globe  paper 
lanterns,  using  about  ten  thousand  of  them.  Then,  in  the  canals 
and  lakes  in  Jackson  Park,  he  suggested  that  there  be  anchored 

19 


278  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Tsion-lev  m  tne  watei"'  wooden  forms  or  frames  made  in  the  shape  of  stars, 
enthDay.«  crescents,  eagles,  shields,  etc.,  on  which  should  be  placed  red, 
white,  and  blue  glass  cups,  illuminated  with  the  usual  wax  candles. 
The  effect  of  these  illuminated  colored  cups,  at  night,  would  be 
as  if  they  were  coming  out  of  the  water,  and  would  be  most 
brilliant.  Then,  further  suggests,  that  there  be  anchored  out 
into  the  lake,  in  front  of  Jackson  Park,  ten  large  flat-boats,  on 
which  should  be  erected  set  pieces  of  fire-works  emblematic  of 
the  day  we  celebrate;  each  of  these  flat-boats  to  be  surrounded, 
around  their  edge,  with  a  raised  frame-work  of  iron,  pendent  to 
which  should  be  grouped  together  all  colors  of  these  glass  cups. 
Would  further  suggest,  that  twenty  small  steamboats  should  be 
secured  and  decorated  with  all  kinds  of  illuminated  lanterns  and 
glass  cups,  each  boat  carrying  a  band  of  music,  and  these  twenty 
boats  to  be  kept  in  constant  motion  up  and  down  in  front  of  the 
park,  while  there  should  be  men  constantly  firing  from  the  boats 
different  vari-colored  bombs  and  rockets.  Further,  100  row- 
boats  should  be  secured  and  properly  manned,  and  in  each  boat 
should  be  erected  a  frame-work,  fastened  in  the  bow  and  stern, 
rising  above  the  boat,  to  which  should  be  hung  colored  glass 
cups  and  lanterns.  A  man  should  be  placed  in  the  bow  and  stern 
of  each  one  of  these  boats,  to  keep  up  a  continual  burning  of 
red,  white,  blue,  and  green  fire.  Further,  the  boatmen  should 
be  drilled  to  make  various  groupings  of  the  boats  in  front  of  the 
park;  the  effect  would  be  bewildering.  The  next  effect  would  be 
the  crowning  one  of  all.  In  the  center  of  the  anchored  flat  fire- 
works boat  should  be  built  a  half  side  view  of  the  ship  "Santa 
Maria,"  the  boat  on  which  Columbus  discovered  America.  On 
this  boat  there  should  be  placed  a  large  electric  plant.  Then  the 
figures  of  Columbus  and  his  crew  should  be  made  out  by  group- 
ing together  different  colored  incandescent  electric  lamps.  In  the 
center  of  the  ship  build  a  column  crowned  with  a  globe,  the 
whole  formed  with  electric  lamps  same  as  the  crew.  The  sides 
of  the  ship,  masts,  bow-sprit,  etc.,  entirely  covered  with  electric 
lamps.  This  plan,  if  properly  carried  out,  would  be  the  most 
effective  and  brilliant  night  display  ever  held  in  the  new  world. 

Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  Chairman  of  the  Grounds  and 
Buildings  Committee,  submitted  the  following  plans  and  specifi- 
cations of  the  buildings  proposed  to  be  erected  for  the  Exposi- 
tion : 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  279 

CHICAGO,  November  21,  1800.          Third ses- 

elon-Sey 

To  the  Directors  of  the    World's  Columbian   Exposition: 

SIRS:  The  duty  of  the  undersigned  with  respect  to  the  Buildings 
preparation  of  plans,  has,  up  to  the  present  time,  been  to  aid 
Committees  in  studying  the  capabilities  of  different  suggested 
sites.  These  plans  have  been  prepared  without  accurate  data 
and  upon  bases  in  many  respects  hypothetical.  They  have  been 
intended  simply  to  aid  in  debate  by  giving  a  more  definite  form 
to  verbal  suggestions. 

We  were  yesterday  advised  of  action  of  the  Commission  by 
which,  for  the  first  time,  a  general  scheme  of  classification  of  the 
exhibits  of  the  Exposition  was  determined,  yet  without  fixing  the 
space  or  the  proportion  of  space  to  be  assigned  to  each  of  its 
divisions.  We  have  also  received  instructions,  dated  yesterday, 
by  which  we  are  notified  that  Jackson  Park  has  been  selected  as 
the  site  of  the  Main  Exposition;  the  Lake  Front  for  parts  of  it, 
and  the  Midway  Plaisance  and  Washington  Park  as  reserves  for 
possible  other  parts.  We  are  further  instructed  to  provide  at  the 
earliest  possible  moment,  plans  and  specifications  for  buildings 
to  be  located  in  Jackson  Park,  and  on  the  Lake  Front.  We 
have  been  given  to  know,  unofficially,  that  it  is  desired  that  these 
required  plans  and  specifications  shall  be  considered  and  acted 
upon  by  the  Commission  at  its  present  session,  and  that  it  is 
hoped  that  they  may  be  submitted  for  the  purpose  within  twenty- 
four  hours. 

Although  we  have  given  the  matter  no  little  consideration, 
it  is  not  to  be  supposed  that  the  term,  "  plans  and  specifications," 
can  have  been  used  under  the  circumstances  to  which  we  have 
referred  in  a  sense  often  allowed  them. 

At  a  stage  of  the  undertaking  of  the  last  Paris  Exposition 
approximately  corresponding  to  that  which  has  now  been  reached 
in  the  development  of  the  Columbian  Exposition,  the  period  of 
one  year  was  given  the  designers,  with  a  large,  well-organized, 
disciplined,  and  accomplished  staff  of  assistants,  to  prepare  what 
have  been  described  as  the  "plans  and  specifications"  for  that  work. 
It  is  obvious  that  this  term  cannot  be  used  in  the  present  case 
with  the  same  significance.  We  are  obliged  to  assume  that  what 
is  asked  of  us  at  this  time  is  a  scheme  of  general  arrangement 
for  the  principal  buildings  of  the  Exposition,  with  a  verbal  de- 
scription as  specific  as  is  practicable  to  be  prepared  within  the 
time  prescribed,  of  the  more  important  characteristics  of  the 


280  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

materials  proposed  to  be  used  in  them,  the  manner  of  their  con- 
yenth     struction,  and  their  general  style  and  aspect. 

JACKSON  PARK. 

It  is  intended  to  use  the  entire  park  for  purposes  of  the 
Fair,  leaving  the  improved  parts  as  much  as  possible  in  their 
present  condition.  The  unimproved  part  is  to  be  laid  out  in  a 
manner  appropriate  to  the  whole  plan  of  buildings,  and  at  the 
same  time  follow,  when  possible,  the  lines  already  laid  down  by 
the  Park  Commissioners. 

THE  GROUNDS — In  general,  the  present  northern  inlet  is  to 
be  further  extended,  and  to  become  an  interior  lagoon,  that  shall 
inclose  the  island  shown  upon  the  accompanying  maps.  This 
island  is  now  covered  with  an  extensive  body  of  native  wood. 
It  is  an  essential  point  of  the  general  design  that  it  shall  be  pre- 
served and  made  the  basis  of  a  passage  of  natural  landscape  to 
supply  an  episode  of  scenery  in  refreshing  relief  to  the  grandeur 
of  the  buildings,  and  through  its  sylvan  qualities,  to  the  crowded 
and  busy  aspect  that  must  be  looked  for  almost  everywhere  else 
within  the  grounds.  To  this  object  it  is  essential  that,  neither 
within  the  limits  of  the  island  nor  in  close  association  with  it, 
should  structures  be  given  a  place  which,  by  their  size,  their 
architectural  design,  or  the  purposes  for  which  they  are  to  be 
used,  will  interfere  with  the  motive  thus  proposed  to  be  controll- 
ing in  the  locality. 

From  the  lagoon  above  mentioned  a  canal  will  continue  the 
water-way  southward  along  the  main  building,  and  into  the  large 
basin  which  is  to  form  the  center  of  a  great  court  about  which 
the  principal  buildings  of  the  Exposition  are  to  be  grouped.  The 
banks  of  these  land-locked  bodies  of  water  are  to  be  finished  in 
ways  appropriate  to  the  various  localities  through  which  they 
pass.  Thus  broad  terraces  and  landings  will  be  needed  where 
the  lagoon  opens  into  the  lake,  for  both  the  Fisheries  and  the 
Government  Exhibits,  while  the  shores  of  the  island  should  have 
informal  outlines  masked  with  foliage.  The  borders  of  the  canal 
and  the  basin  in  the  court  are  to  be  treated  formally,  with 
embankments  of  stone  or  brick,  surmounted  by  parapets  or 
balustrades  of  stone,  iron,  brick  or  terra  cotta,  and  opening  upon 
steps  and  landings  here  and  there  where  boating  parties  may 
land. 

All  walks  and  outdoor  places  for  assemblages  of  people  are 
to  be  furnished  with  numerous  seats  and  resting-places,  and  are 


Minutes  of  the    Third  Session.  281 

to  be  paved  with  mosaics  of  brick,  stone  or  concrete  blocks, 
except  where  gravel  or  stone  chips  may  seem  more  expedient. 

At  their  own  expense  the  South  Park  Commissioners  will 
pave  the  beach  along  the  entire  shore  of  the  lake. 

The  ornamentation  of  the  grounds  with  turf  and  flowers, 
shrubs  and  trees,  is  a  matter  of  too  much  detail  to  be  here 
described.  It  must  be  studied  out  as  the  plans  progress. 

TRANSPORTATION — All  public  passenger  railways,  whether 
steam,  cable,  electric,  or  horse,  are  to  enter  the  park  at  the  south- 
west corner,  though  any  of  them  may  have  stations  at  the  Mid- 
way Plaisance  or  other  convenient  places,  if  kept  outside  the 
grounds.  The  width  of  trackage  is  yet  to  be  determined  upon 
by  the  transportation  authorities,  and  therefore  the  location 
alone  can  be  indicated  here.  Those  roads  entering  the  inclosure 
will  .deliver  passengers  inside  the  Administration  Building. 
From  this  place  an  intramural,  electric,  elevated  road  will  pass 
out  through  the  grounds,  entering  buildings  where  deemed 
advisable  and  having  convenient  stations  wherever  necessary. 
It  will  connect  with  the  station  at  the  Midway  Plaisance  and  pass 
back  to  the  Administration  Building  by  another  route,  thus  form- 
ing a  complete  circuit  and  making  it  easy  to  go  from  one  place 
to  another  without  walking. 

Visitors  once  in  the  Fair  will  come  out  of  the  Administration 
Station  upon  the  Great  Square,  where  all  the  spaces  are  very 
broad,  affording  ample  room  for  the  gathering  or  dispersing  of 
large  crowds.  Wheeled  chairs  are  to  be  always  kept  in  attend- 
ance here.  The  buildings  will  be  impressive  in  appearance  when 
viewed  from  this  court;  and  to  make  them  even  more  so,  and 
also  to  afford  protection  when  the  weather  is  inclement,  a  grand 
open  arcade  will  inclose  this  space,  except  toward  the  lake,  and 
will  connect  the  buildings  together,  so  that  visitors  may  safely  go 
from  place  to  place  in  any  weather.  As  mentioned  before,  there 
will  be  a  great  water  basin  in  the  center  of  this  court,  where 
important  fountains  will1  play,  forming  an  object  of  brilliant 
beauty  in  the  sunlight,  or  when  illumined  by  colored  incandes- 
cent lamps  at  night.  The  basin  has  an  outlet  to  the  lake.  This 
will  be  bridged  by  an  iron,  stone,  or  brick  structure,  the  arch 
being  made  to  blend  with  the  artistic  spirit  of  its  surrounding. 

Opposite  the  great  open  court  a  pier,  to  be  of  such  form 
and  direction  as  may  be  hereafter  determined,  will  project  into 
the  Lake  about  fifteen  hundred  feet.  It  is  to  be  so  constructed 
as  to  form  a  harbor  for  the  landing  of  lake  craft,  and  for  their 


282  World's  Columbian   Commission. 

T»Sn-es"  safety.  The  floor  of  the  pier  will  slope  gently  upward  as  it 
Day.ntt  ieac[s  from  the  shore,  so  that  visitors  may  look  back  over  each 
others'  heads,  and  get  the  full  effect  of  the  court  and  its  sur- 
roundings, the  paved  beach  covered  with  people,  and  the  archi- 
tectural grandeur  of  the  most  imposing  and  important  buildings 
of  the  Fair. 

There  is  to  be  a  large  restaurant  and  resting-place  at  the 
outer  end  of  this  pier,  with  a  band-stand  and  dancing-floor  in 
connection.  This  pier  is  intended  to  be  a  most  noted  feature  of 
the  Exposition. 

Without  destroying  the  improved  part  on  the  north,  the 
Horticultural  Exhibit  is  to  be  placed  there  upon  the  open 
meadow.  The  building  will  be  largely  of  iron  and  glass,  and 
furnished  with  a  plant  for  purposes  of  heating  and  ventilating. 
The  large  open  green  in  front  of  the  building  will  be  used 
for  the  out-of-door  horticultural  exhibits.  Among  the  trees 
near  this  location,  and  placed  in  a  way  to  preserve  them, 
will  be  a  few  small,  finely-designed  houses,  either  for  the  States 
or  of  some  archaeological  interest.  These  smaller  structures 
are  to  be  ma.'!e  of  materials  substantial  enough  for  one  season, 
but  as  inexpensive  as  possible,  compatibly  with  the  desired 
effect. 

An  imposing  entrance  arch  and  Administration  Station  is 
to  be  placed  on  the  Midway  Plaisance,  that  may  be  permanent, 
and  is  therefore  to  be  of  lasting  materials. 

According  to  instructions  we  have  placed  the  Agricultural 
and  Live  Stock  Exhibits  in  the  southwestern  portion  of  the  park, 
where  the  land  is  comparatively  high  and  well  protected.  For 
agriculture  a  main  building  is  to  be  erected,  in  size  and  arrange- 
ment adapted  to  every  need  of  this  department  and  having  an 
independent  heating-plant. 

For  live  stock  the  buildings  are  to  be  adapted  to  the  needs 
as  shall  be  expressed  by  those  having  this  department  in  charge. 
In  general  there  will  be  housing  for  stock  and  their  attendants, 
and  hospitals  for  the  animals.  There  will  be  grand  stands  and 
display  wings,  and  other  buildings  to  meet  all  proper  require- 
ments. These  buildings  are  to  be  temporary,  and  therefore  to  be 
cheaply  erected  and  made  largely  of  wood;  will  be  carefully  de- 
signed with  due  regard  to  beauty  and  general  effect. 

Realizing  the  importance  of  the  Agricultural  and  Live 
Stock  Exhibits,  it  is  the  intention  of  the  designers  to  make  these 


Minutes   of  the   Third  Session.  283 

departments  interesting  in  plan  and  appearance  by  all  the  arts  Third  ses- 
at  their  command.  r>ay!nth 

The  Government  will  furnish  its  own  building  and  exhib- 
its, among  the  latter  a  line  of  battle  ship  fully  equipped.  A  large 
open  campus  will  be  left  near  this  point  for  Government  use  and 
display. 

Across  the  inlet  from  the  Government  Exhibit  will  be  the 
building  for  the  Fisheries.  A  building  here,  as  beautiful  as 
possible  in  appearance,  will  be  erected  of  durable  materials,  and 
fitted  with  every  arrangement  and  detail  to  carry  on  the  propa- 
gation, subsisting,  and  display  of  water  animals.  A  plant  for 
heating  will  be  supplied. 

About  and  near  the  Fisheries  are  to  be  small,  finely  designed 
buildings,  disposed  in  a  manner  not  to  break  up  the  quiet  of  this 
expanse,  which  may  be  used  for  the  purposes  mentioned  before 
when  speaking  of  those  near  the  Horticultural  Exhibit. 

The  Administration  Building  is  to  cover  many  functions, 
among  them  that  of  a  station  for  all  transportation  lines  enter- 
ing the  park;  a  station  more  extensive  than  any  now  existing. 
It  will  also  contain  the  full  Administration  forces;  for  informa- 
tion, for  police,  fire,  transportation,  public  comfort,  expenditure 
and  accounts,  and  any  other  similar  purposes.  It  is  therefore 
headquarters  where  nearly  all  visitors  will  arrive,  attend  to  any 
business  that  they  may  have,  and  depart,  and  where  all  forces 
and  employes  report  and  take  their  orders.  It  should  be  the 
most  important  in  architectural  appearance,  and,  of  necessity,  well 
constructed  and  fire-proof. 

The  Machinery  Hall,  which  will  be  larger  than  any  before 
built,  will  not  only  cover  machinery  in  the  ordinary  sense,  but 
will  furnish  a  great  central  open  space,  spanned  with  wide  trusses, 
where  there  shall  be  the  best  chance  possible  for  the  display  of 
the  different  transportation  exhibits. 

Railway  tracks  are  to  be  laid  in  all  passages,  and  covered 
with  the  floors  when  not  in  use,  so  that  heavy  machinery  may  be 
moved  about  at  will.  These  railway  tracks  are  to  lead  out 
upon  the  main  lines  in  the  grounds,  so  that  locomotives  and  cars 
may  enter  and  depart  without  delay.  Power-houses  and  heating 
plants  will  be  made  in  connection  with  this  building. 

The  main  building  for  manufactures  is  to  be  arranged  in 
plan  to  cover  many  functions.  In  it,  either  on  the  ground-floor 
level  or  above,  are  to  be  special  isolated  rooms  for  judges  and 


284  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third  ses-    for  special  societies    or   committees.     Here   are    to   be  restau- 

sion— 

seventh  rant  and  toilet  rooms,  toward  the  canal  and  toward  the  lake. 
The  lighting  of  this  building  is  to  be  especially  cared  for,  and 
heating  provided  where  necessary  for  comfort  or  to  carry  on 
any  exhibit. 

The  Electric  and  Mining  exhibits  are  to  occupy  each  a 
building  across  the  canal  from  the  Manufactories  Building,  each 
adapted  to  its  purpose  and  furnished  with  power.  The  one  for 
electricity  is  to  be  adapted  not  only  for  power-house  and  light 
station,  but  to  be  especially  for  all  displays  and  contests  for 
manufacturing  and  of  the  companies  or  persons  in  that  business, 
and  to  be  in  itself,  when  seen  from  a  distance,  an  object  of 
beauty  by  day  or  night. 

This  group  of  buildings,  namely,  the  Administration,  the 
Machinery,  the  Manufactories,  the  Mining  and  the  Electric,  are 
to  form  a  whole  in  design;  they  are  intended  as  a  mass  to  be  im- 
pressive, as  a  plan  most  convenient,  and  as  structures  to  be  very 
substantial.  The  materials  entering  into  their  composition,  will 
be  largely  iron  and  masonry  of  brick  and  stone,  though  a  free 
use  will  be  made  of  terra  cotta,  wood,  staff,  and  other  materials. 

ELECTRICITY — The  lighting  of  the  Exposition  will  be  by 
electricity,  and  much  of  the  power  to  be  supplied  will  be  by  the 
same  means.  Displays  are  to  be  made  under  fountains  and 
water-ways,  and  possibly  under  the  outer  lake  itself. 

STEAM — The  special  large  plant  will  be  at  the  Machinery 
Building,  from  which  heat  and  power  may  be  transmitted  to  the 
Administration  Building. 

In  other  places  needing  steam  there  will  be  separate  plants. 

GAS — Gas  is  to  be  used  as  little  as  possible,  and  only  when 
demanded  for  set  purposes  of  manufacture,  or  very  late  lighting. 

WATER — An  arrangement  will  -be  made  with  the  City  of 
Chicago  to  furnish  all  the  water  required  for  Exposition  pur- 
poses. 

All  buildings  for  exhibits  are  to  be  designed  with  reference 
to  the  health  and  convenience  of  attendants  and  visitors,  and 
provided  with  spaces  for  taking  care  of  packing  cases  and  extra 
goods,  with  due  regard  for  safety  of  the  contents;  but  it  is 
impossible  to  go  into  further  particulars  about  the  planning  or 
exteriors  at  this  early  date. 

SEWERAGE — This  work  will  be  handled  by  those  most 
expert,  to  insure  a  perfect  fulfilling  of  its  functions. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  285 

LAKE  FRONT. 

Until  it  is  determined  how  much  land  is  to  be  used  on  the  Third  ses- 
sion— 

Lake  Front,  and  whether  new  land  is  to  be  made  there,  it  can  not  ffaventh 
be  definitely  stated  how  the  buildings  will  be  arranged.  It  is 
understood,  however,  that  buildings  for  what  is  known  in  the 
classification  as  "Department  K,"  and  for  that  portion  of  Depart- 
ment L  which  is  generally  grouped  with  it,  will  be  placed  on  the 
Lake  Front,  and  that  in  ad'dition  large  station  facilities  will  be 
provided  for  the  crowds  who  will  make  this  ground  a  starting 
place  for  their  visits  to  Jackson  Park. 

D.   H.   BURNHAM, 

Chief  of  Construction. 
JOHN  W.  ROOT, 

Consulting  Architect, 
F.  L.  OLMSTED  &  Co., 

Consulting  Landscape  Architects. 
A.  GOTTLIEB, 

Consulting  Engineer. 

I  hereby  certify  that  the  foregoing  is  a  correct  copy  of  the 
plans  and  specifications  of  buildings  adopted  by  the  Board  of 
Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  at  a  meeting 
held  Friday,  November  21,  1890. 

Witness  my  hand  and  the  seal  of  the  corporation  this  24th 
day  of  November,  A.  D.  1890. 

BENJ.   BUTTERWORTH, 

[SEAL]  Secretary. 

RECOMMENDATION  OF   THE  COMMITTEE. 

WHEREAS,  The  Directory  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposi- 
tion have  caused  to  be  prepared,  and  have  tendered  to  this  Com- 
mission for  acceptance,  under  the  Fifth  Section  of  the  Act  of 
Congress,  plans  and  specifications  of  buildings  "to  be  erected  by 
said  Corporation  for  the  purposes  of  the  Exposition,"  the  said 
plans  and  specifications  being  so  tendered  under  the  following 
resolution  of  said  Directory,  to  wit: 

Resolved,  That  the  plans  and  specifications  of  the  grounds 
and  buildings  for  the  holding  of  the  World's  Columbian  Expo- 
sition, prepared  by  the  Consulting  Architect,  Landscape  Archi- 
tect, and  Engineer  and  Chief  of  Construction,  and  marked 
"  Exhibits  A  "  and  "  B/'  be,  and  the  same  are  hereby  adopted  by 


286  World?  s  Columbian  Commission. 

Tsion-es  the  Board  of  Directors,  and  the  same  are  hereby  tendered  to  the 
seventh  Commissioners  of  the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  in  pur- 
suance of  the  provisions  of  Section  5  of  the  Act  of  Congress; 
and  it  is  agreed  that  any  changes,  modifications,  or  extensions 
that  may  be  found  necessary  to  be  made  to  said  plans  and 
specifications,  shall  be  made  with  the  approval  of  the  Committee 
of  Conference  and  Control  of  the  Commission  and  the  Com- 
mitte  of  the  Directory  on  Buildings  and  Grounds,  provided  such 
reference  be  adopted  by  the  Commission  in  place  of  that 
agreed  to,  this  twenty-fourth  of  November,  1890,  by  the  Joint 
Conference  Committee  of  the  two  bodies  on  their  respective 
duties. 

I  hereby  certify  that  the  above  resolution  was  adopted  by 
the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,,  at 
an  adjourned  session  of  a  special  meeting  of  said  Board,  held  at 
the  headquarters  of  the  Directory  this  twenty-fourth  day  of 
November,  1890. 

Witness  my  hand  and  the  Seal  of  the  Corporation. 
[SEAL]  BENJ.  BUTTERWORTH, 

Secretary. 

Therefore,  be  it  Resolved,  That  said  plans  and  specifications 
are  hereby  accepted  by  the  World's  Columbian  Commission, 
subject  to  the  terms  and  conditions  set  out  in  the  said  resolution 
of  the  Directory,  adopting  and  tendering  the  same. 

That  this  Commission,  being  satisfied  that  said  corporation 
has  an  actual  bona  fide  and  valid  subscription  to  the  capital 
stock  which  will  secure  the  payment  of  at  least  $5,000,000,  and 
that  not  less  than  $500,000  has  been  paid  in,  and  that  the  further 
sum  of  $5,000,000,  making  in  all  $10,000,000,  will  be  provided 
by  said  corporation  in  ample  time  for  its  needful  use  during  the 
prosecution  of  the  work  for  the  complete  preparation  for  said 
Exposition. 

Therefore,  Resolved,  That  the  President  of  this  Commission 
be,  and  is,  hereby  directed  to  transmit  to  the  President  of  the 
United  States  a  certified  copy  of  these  resolutions,  together 
with  a  certified  copy  of  the  resolutions  of  this  Commission 
accepting  the  site  for  the  Exposition,  and  notifying  the  President 
that  provision  has  been  made  for  ground  and  buildings  for  the 
uses  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  as  required  by  Section 
10  of  said  Act  of  Congress. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  287 

On  motion  of  Mr.  de  Young,  the  report  of  the  Grounds  and 
Buildings  Committee,  and  the  resolution  accompanying  it,  were    Day. 
ordered  printed,  and  made  the  special  order  for  2.30  o'clock  p.  M. 

Mr.  Groner,  of  Virginia,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on 
Tariffs  and  Transportation,  called  up  the  report  of  that  Com- 
mittee, and  it  was  adopted. 

Mr.  Woodside,  of  Pennsylvania,  offered  the  following  reso- 
lution: 

WHEREAS,  Some  of  the  Standing  Committees  have  expended 
small  sums  of  money  for  incidental  expenses;  therefore,  be  it 

Resolved,  That  all  such  accounts  of  Standing  Committees  be 
and  are  hereby  authorized  and  approved  by  this  Commission,  and 
the  Secretary  instructed  to  have  them  paid;  and  the  Secretary  is 
further  instructed  to  supply  each  Committee  with  such  reasona- 
ble amount  of  stationery  and  postage  stamps  as  may  be  necessary 
for  the  work  of  said  Committees. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Jones,  of  Missouri,  the  consideration  of 
expenses  in  the  above  resolution  was  referred  to  the  Finance 
Committee,  and  the  Secretary  was  instructed  to  furnish  a  reason- 
able amount  of  stationery  for  the  use  of  Committees. 

Mr.  Furnas,  of  Nebraska,  in  behalf  of  the  Executive  Com- Report  of 

Executive 

mittee,  asked  unanimous  consent  to  make  a  report  of  the  con-    £e0e"on  the 
ference  held  with  a  Committee  on  the  part  of  the  Board  of  Lady    and  Duties 

J      of  Lady 

Managers  regarding  their  powers,  duties,  and  privileges.     Con-    Mana^ers- 
sent  was  given  and  the  report  was  submitted  as  follows: 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  25,  1890. 
To  the  Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  of  the  World's  Columbian 

Commission: 

SIR:  The  Sub-Committee  of  the  Executive  Committee,  to 
confer  with  a  like  committee  on  the  part  of  the  Board  of  Lady 
Managers,  relating  to  their  duties,  powers,  and  privileges,  report: 
That  after  two  brief  conferences  of  the  two  Committees,  the 
Board  of  Lady  Managers,  through  its  Committee,  presented,  in 
writing,  the  following,  as  expressive  of  its  wishes: 

REPORT:  To  the  Sub-Committee  of  the  Executive  Committee  of 

the  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

The  Committee  of  Conference,  from  the  Board  of  Lady  Man- 
agers, beg  leave  to  present  the  following  requests  from  that 
Board,  namely: 


288  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third£es-  ist.     We  request  a  liberal  construction  of  the  Act  of  Con- 

|>ea^enth     gress  which  creates  this  Board  of  Lady  Managers  and  leaves  its 
duties  to  be  prescribed  by  your  Commission. 

2d.  We  do  not  request  a  separate  building  for  woman's 
work. 

3d.  That  the  Columbian  Commission  fix  the  salaries  of 
Chairman  and  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers. 

4th.  We  request  that  a  suitable  building  be  provided  and 
placed  under  the  control  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  for 
official  and  other  purposes. 

5th.  That  this  Board  be  allowed  to  work  in  conjunction 
with  your  Commission  in  efforts  to  interest  the  people  of  the 
respective  States  and  Territories  in  the  success  of  the  Columbian 
Exposition. 

6th.  We  further  request  that  the  Executive  Committee 
formulate  their  instructions  to  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  so 
explicitly  that  there  may  be  no  misunderstanding  of  them. 

MRS.  WM.  H.  FELTON,  Chairman, 
MRS.  JOHN  A.  LOGAN, 
MRS.  VIRGINIA  C.  MEREDITH, 
MRS.  JOHN  S.  BRIGGS, 
MARY  E.  BUSSELLE. 

Your  Committee  recommend  that,  under  existing  circum- 
stances, and  for  the  present,  salary  be  provided  only  for  one 
officer,  namely,  that  for  Secretary;  that  her  salary  be  fixed,  for 
the  present,  at  $1,500  per  annum;  that  there  be  allowed,  for  the 
incidental  expenses  of  the  office  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Mana- 
gers, stationery,  postage,  books,  etc.,  necessary  for  the  use  of  said 
Board,  the  sum  of  $500  per  annum;  that  in  addition,  and  in 
connection  with  the  rooms  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Commission, 
the  President  and  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  be 
provided  with  an  office  in  the  City  of  Chicago. 

That  for  the  present  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  in  mat- 
ter of  committees,  provide  only  for  an  Executive  Committee, 
with  full  power  to  act  in  all  matters  pertaining  to  its  work,  sub- 
ject to  the  limitations  of  the  Act  of  Congress;  that  said  Com- 
mittee consist  of  twelve  (12)  ladies,  selected  in  equal  numbers 
from  each  of  the  four  geographical  divisions  of  the  United 
States  and  Territories;  the  President  of  the  Board  to  be  ex-offi- 
cio  member  and  Chairman  of  the  Committee;  that  the  Secretary 
shall  be  Secretary  of  the  Committee,  but  not  a  member  thereof. 


Minutes  of  tJie   Third  Session.  289 

That  at  the  proper  time  a  suitable  building  or  accommoda- 
tion  on  the  Exposition  grounds  be  provided  and  placed  under  the 
control  of  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Board  of  Lady 
Managers  for  official  and  other  purposes,  as  requested. 

Your  Committee  has  not  attempted  to  give  instructions  to 
the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  but  simply  obtained  its  ideas  and 
wishes,  and  recommend  for  your  consideration  the  foregoing. 

We  most  respectfully  suggest,  however,  that  the  Executive 
Committee  of  the  Commission,  in  the  near  future,  should  provide 
the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  with  more  detailed  and  definite 
instruction  as  to  its  line  of  work.  The  Board  is  composed  of 
an  earnest,  intelligent  band  of  ladies,  from  every  State  and  Ter- 
ritory in  the  Union,  anxious  to  aid  in  every  possible  way  the 
great  work  of  the  National  Commission.  Your  Committee  will 
venture  to  express,  further,  the  belief  that  without  the  united 
assistance  of  the  ladies  the  objects  of  the  Commission  will  not 
be  the  success  its  projectors  and  friends  wish  and  have  reason 
to  expect. 

Respectfully  submitted, 

ROBT.  W.  FURNAS, 

HIRAM  ATKINS, 

J.  D.  BUTT, 

R.  L.  SAUNDERS, 

REESE  R.  PRICE. 

Mr.  Furnas  also  submitted  a  minority  report  from  Mr. 
Williams,  of  Tennessee,  as  follows: 

My  sense  of  justice  compels  me  to  dissent  from  majority  Minonty 
report  in  one  particular  only.  The  sub-committee  of  the  Board 
of  Lady  Managers  having  asked  for  a  salary  for  their  President, 
I  think  it  would  be  ungenerous  to  refuse  their  request,  and  I 
therefore  recommend  an  annual  salary  of  $2,500  for  their 
President. 

THOS.  L.  WILLIAMS, 

Member  of  Sub -Committee. 

Mr.  Jones,  of  Missouri,  made  that  point  of  order,  that  as  PtJeerFi?  to 

nance 

these  reports   and  recommendations  provide  for  expenditures  of    ^e°mmit> 
money,  they  should   be  referred   to    the  Committee  on  Finance, 
and  the  chair  so  ruled. 

Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Finance: 


290  World,  s   Columbian   Commission. 

T8ioS-IeV-          Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers 
''•  be,  and  is  hereby  declared  an  officer  of  the  World's  Columbian 
Commission. 

Mr.  Ryan,  of  North  Dakota,  offered  the  following  resolu- 
tion: 

Resolved,   That   the    Committee   on  Finance  be  instructed  to 

insert  in  the  report  of  the  Committee,  $2,500,  instead  of  $1,500, 

.     as  the  salary  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers. 

The  resolution  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Finance. 

Mr.  Mercer,  of  Wyoming,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  adopted: 

special  Resolved,  That  a  special  Committee  of  four  be  appointed  to 

feToSi-   ascertain    and  report  to  this  Commission  the  status  of   the  ten- 

?hotchit<-.a-  million-dollar  fund   required  to  be  secured  by  the  World's    Co- 
go  Direct- 

ory.         lumbian  Exposition    before  this   body  makes  its    report   to   the 
President  of  the  United  States. 

Mr.  Bullene,  of  Missouri,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Finance. 

Resolved,  That  the  salary  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of 
Lady  Managers  be  fixed  at  $3,000  per  annum. 

Mr.  Garvin,  of  Indiana,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  references  to  the  Committee  on  Finance 
of  so  much  of  the  resolution  of  Mr.  Woodside,  of  Pennsylvania, 
relative  to  sundry  small  bills  of  committees  be  reconsidered,  and 
that  the  subject  matter  mentioned  be  referred  to  the  Auditing 
Committee. 

Mr.  White  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
referred  to  the  Judiciary  Committee: 

Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission  be  and 
hereby  is  instructed  to  make  his  report  of  expenditures  to  the 
Auditing  Committee  instead  of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  Ryan  offered  the  following  resolution,  which  was 
adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  Chairman  of  the  several  Standing  Com- 
mittees be  requested  to  carefully  examine  the  classification  relat- 
ing to  their  respective  branches  and  report  at  the  earliest  time 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  291 

practicable,  any   revisions   or  additions    which    they  may  deem  Third  st*-^ 
necessary  to  the  Committee  on  Classification.  enth  Day- 

The  hour  of  12.30  having  arrived,  Mr.  Waller  moved  to  con- 
tinue the  session  to  i  o'clock.  A  division  was  called  for  and  the 
motion  was  adopted,  36  yeas,  14  nays. 

Mr.  McDonald,  Commissioner-at-Large,  offered  the  follow- 
ing resolution,  which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  this  session  of  the  Commission  do  not 
adjourn  sine  die  until  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Grounds 
and  Buildings  is  fully  discussed  and  disposed  of  by  the  Commission. 

The  following  invitation  was  received  from  the  Auditorium 
Association: 

CHICAGO,  November  25,  1890. 
7<?  the  World 's  Columbian  Commission: 

GENTLEMEN:     The- Chicago  Auditorium  Association  invites 
the  members  of   your  body  to  witness  the  spectacular  production 
to  be  given  at  the  Auditorium  this  evening.     Tickets  for  twenty- 
five  boxes  have  been  placed  in  the  hands  of  your  Secretary. 
Respectfully, 

FERD.  W.  PECK, 
President  Chicago  Auditorium  Association. 

The  invitation  was  accepted,  and  a  vote  of  thanks  given  to 
the  Auditorium  Association. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  to  meet  at   2  o'clock  p.  M. 


The  Commission  reassembled  at  2  o'clock  p.  M. 

The  President  announced  the  appointment  of  the  following 
Commissioners  as  members  of  the  Committee  provided  for  in  the 
resolution  of  Mr.  Mercer,  adopted  at  the  morning  session: 

Messrs.     Mercer,     alternate    from    Wyoming;    Hopkins,    of  special  Fi- 
nance 

Washington;  Tnrnbull,   of   Florida,  and   Roche,  alternate    from    ?eTmIt" 
South  Carolina. 

Mr.  White  offered  the  following  resolution  : 
Resolved,  That  the  President  of  the  World's  Columbian 
Commission  be  and  hereby  is  respectfully  directed  and  instructed 
to  appoint  the  six  members  of  the  Board  of  Reference  and  Con- 
trol, which,  with  the  President  and  Vice-Chairman,  are  to  consti- 
tute the  Board  of  Reference  and  Control,  and  to  announce  to 


292  World}  s  Columbian  Commission. 

his   Commission    such  appointments   before    this   Commission 
adjourns. 

Mr.  King,  of  Iowa,  moved  to  amend  by  striking  out  the  last 
(four  words,  "  at  his  early  convenience." 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Holliday,  of  Kansas,  the  resolution  and 
amendment  were  tabled. 

Mr.  Jones,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Finance,  submit- 
ted a  report,  and  after  protracted  debate,  on  motion  of  Mr.  Holli- 
day, the  report  was  recommitted  to  the  Committee  on  Finance, 
with  instructions  to  report  a  definite  sum  as  salary  for  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers. 

Mr.  Wilkins,  of  Oregon,  in  behalf  of  the  Committee  on  Agri- 
culture, submitted  the  following  report: 

CHICAGO,  November  25,  1890. 

To  the  Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  Columbian  Commission, 
in  session: 

The  Committee  on  Agriculture,  in  special  meeting,  begs 
leave  to  submit  the  following  report: 

That  with  due  respect  for  the  Committee  on  Grounds  and 
Buildings,  it  enters  a  protest  against  the  allotment  of  space  for 
the  exhibition  of  the  agricultural  products  of  the  world. 

The  agricultural  industry  being  the  basis  of  the  requirements 
of  life,  and  of  that  nourishment  and  satisfaction  which  gives  im- 
pulse to  all  progress  and  activity  to  all  the  engagements  of  indus- 
try, is  accorded  but  eleven  acres  and  a  half  of  the  large  domain 
set  aside  for  the  purposes  of  the  Exposition. 

To  this,  as  above,  your  Committee  respectfully  protests,  not 
only  recommending,  but  urging  that  not  less  than  twenty-five 
acres  of  floor  space,  with  commensurate  open  ground  adjoining, 
be  set  aside  for  the  purposes  of  the  agricultural  exhibit,  and  upon 
this  recommendation  your  Committee  is  a  unit,  and  very  much 

in  earnest. 

Very  respectfully, 

M.  WILKINS,   Chairman. 
Attest:  JOSEPH  EIBOECK,   Secretary. 

The  report  was  accepted  and  ordere^.  to  be  referred  to  the 
Committee  to  which  the  plans  and  specifications  of  buildings  are 
ultimately  committed. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  293 

Mr.  Lindsay,  Chairman  of  the  Judiciary  Committee,  submit-  ^{"[Sea- 
ted the  following  report  : 

The  Committee  on  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws,  pursuant 
to  the  mandate  of  the  Commission  directing  it  to  consider  and    ^"aSend 
report  such  modifications  in  the  By-Laws  as  will  make  such  By-    £fw?.y" 
Laws  conform  to  the  provisions  and  stipulations  of  the  Report 
of  the   Conference  Committee    this  day  adopted,   beg  leave   to 
submit  the  following  amendments,  viz.: 

1.  Amend  Article   Fifth,   by  inserting  in  the   twelfth   line 
thereof,  between  the  words  " compensation  "  and  "they,"  the  fol- 
lowing :  "  Provided,  however,  that  this  selection  shall  only  apply 
to  such  employes  and  agents  as  the   Director-General  is  not   ex- 
'pressly  authorized  to  select  and  appoint. 

2.  Amend  Article  Sixth,  by  inserting  in  the  sixth  line  thereof, 
between  the  words  " Commission"  and    "shall,"  the  following, 
viz.:     "Or   of    six    members    of    the  Board    of    Reference    and 
Control." 

3.  Amend    Article  Eighth  by  inserting    in  the   fourth    line 
thereof,  between  the  words   "Committee"   and  "and, "the   fol- 
lowing, viz.:     "And    of    those  of  the   Board  of  Reference  and 
Control." 

Amend  Article  Ninth  of  the  By-Laws  by  adding  thereto  the 
words  :  "  The  Director-General  shall  have  the  power  to  appoint 
chiefs  of  the  several  great  departments,  subject  to  the  confirma- 
tion of  the  National  Commission  and  the  Board  of  Directors  of 
the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  and  not  by  any  Committee  of 
either  body. 

He  shall  fix  the  salaries  of  such  chiefs,  subject  to  the  ap- 
proval of  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Expo- 
sition. 

He  shall  have  power  to  appoint  all  subordinates  necessary  to 
the  proper  administration  of  the  several  departments,  and  to  fix 
their  compensation. 

He  may  make  removals  for  cause,  of  any  and  all  officers  and 
employes  appointed  by  him." 

He  may,  in  his  discretion  and  with  the  consent  of  the  Execu- 
tive Committee,  or  Board  of  Reference  and  Control  of  the  Na- 
tional Commission,  and  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Local 
Directory,  place  two  or  more  of  the  great  departments  under  the 
control  of  one  chief,  and  so  continue  them  until  necessity  shall 

require  independent  chiefs. 
20 


294  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Third  ses-  He  shall  have  power  by  himself,  or  through  such  other  officer 

Bion— Sev-  J 

enthDay.  or  agent  as  he  may  select,  to  inspect  the  grounds  and  buildings 
during  the  process  of  their  preparation  and  construction  ;  and 
it  shall  be  his  duty,  from  time  to  time,  to  give  information 
in  relation  to  the  progress  of  the  work,  and  the  manner  of  its  per- 
formance to  the  Executive  Committee,  or  the  Board  of  Reference 
and  Control  of  this  Commission. 

The  Director-General  shall  have  power,  and  it  shall  be  his 
duty,  to  commission  all  such  representatives  of  the  Exposition 
as  shall  be  officially  authorized  to  promote  the  interests  thereof. 

The  expenses  of  the  Director-General's  immediate  office,  and 
his  clerk-hire,  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  Government  funds  appro- 
priated by  the  iSth  Section  of  the  Act  of  Congress  for  paying 
the  expenses  of  this  Commission  and  other  contingent  expenses, 
and  he  may  select  such  assistants  and  clerks  as  may  be  necessary 
to  enable  him  to  properly  discharge  the  duties  of  his  office,  and 
fix  their  salaries,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee, or  the  Board  of  Reference  and  Control,  of  this  Commis- 
sion. 

Amend  Article  Tenth  so  that  the  same  shall  read  as  follows: 

ARTICLE  TENTH. 
Departments  and  Standing  Committees. 

The  operations  of  the  Exposition  shall  be  conducted  and 
carried  on  through  the  medium  of  the  following  great  depart- 
ments, to-wit: 

A — Agriculture,  food  and  food  products,  farming  machinery, 
and  appliances. 

B — Viticulture,  horticulture,  and  floriculture. 

C — Live-stock — Domestic  and  wild  animals. 

D — Fish,  fisheries,  fish  products,  and  apparatus  of  fishing. 

E — Mines,  mining,  and  metallurgy. 

F — Machinery. 

G — Transportation  exhibits — Railways,  vessels,  vehicles 

H — Manufactures. 

J — Electricity  and  electrical  appliances. 

K — Fine  arts — Pictorial,  plastic,  and  decorative. 

L — Liberal  arts  —  'Education,  engineering,  public  works, 
architecture,  music,  and  the  drama. 

M — Ethnology,  archaeology,  progress  of  labor  and  inven- 
tion; isolated  and  collective  exhibits. 

N — Forestry  and  forest  products. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  295 

O — Publicity  and  promotion. 
p — Foreign  affairs. 

And  there  shall  also  be  the  following  Standing  Committees, 
to  wit: 

THE  COMMITTEE  ON  JUDICIARY,,  RULES,  AND  BY-LAWS, 
consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners, 

Whose  duty  shall  be  to  formulate  Rules  and  By-Laws  for 
submission  to  the  Commission,  and  to  report  on  all  such  matters  as 
may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee, 
or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  TARIFFS  AND  TRANSPORTATION, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners, 
Which  shall  have  consideration  of  all  such  matters  relating 
to  tariffs,  bondage  and  releasing  of  goods,  and  the  transporta- 
tion of  goods,  as  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  National  Commis- 
sion, its  Executive  Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and 
Control,  in  conjunction  with  such  officers  of  the  Treasury 
Department  as  may  be  appointed. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FOREIGN  AFFAIRS, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the 
foreign  exhibits  of  the  Exposition  that  may  be  referred  to  it  by 
the  National  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or  its  Board 
of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  LEGISLATION, 

consisting  of  the  Commissioners  and  alter- 
nates from  each  State,  Territory,  and  the  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia,  and  also  the  Commissioners- 
at-Large  and' their  alternates, 

Which  shall  have  consideration  of  all  matters  pertaining  to 
the  National,  State,  Territorial,  or  Municipal  legislation  affecting 
this  Exposition. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FINE  ARTS, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  fine 
arts  which  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Execu- 
tive Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 


296  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

COMMITTEE   ON 
|eavyentb  EDUCATION, 


ThlrdSes-  COMMITTEE     ON     SCIENCE,     HISTORY,     LITERATURE,      AND 


consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners, 
Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these 
subjects  that  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Execu- 
tive Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 
COMMITTEE  ON  AGRICULTURE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners, 
Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  agri- 
culture which   may  be    referred   to   it   by  the   Commission,    its 
Executive  Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 
COMMITTEE  ON  LIVE  STOCK, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners, 
Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to   live- 
stock,   including    domestic    animals,   poultry,   and  birds   of    all 
varieties,  as  shall  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Execu- 
tive Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  HORTICULTURE  AND  FLORICULTURE, 
consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners, 
Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these 
subjects  that  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Execu- 
tive Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FINANCE, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  ex- 
penditures of  this  Commission  under  the  Act  of  Congress,  or 
such  other  matters  of  finance  as  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the 
Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference 
and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  AUDITING, 

consisting  of  four  (4)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  examining  and  auditing  all  paid 
bills  and  accounts  of  the  Commission;  and  this  Committee  may 
hold  sessions  at  the  call  of  its  Chairman  not  oftener  than  once 
in  two  months. 

COMMITTEE  ON  CEREMONIES, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the 
inauguration  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  and  all  cere- 
monies connected  from  time  to  time  therewith. 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  297 

COMMITTEE  ON  CLASSIFICATION, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners, 
Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  subjects  pertaining  to  the 
classification  of  exhibits,  and  the  limitation  of  space  therefor,  as 
may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Com- 
mittee, or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MANUFACTURES, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners, 
Which  shall   have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  this 
subject,  that  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Exec- 
utive Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  COMMERCE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners, 
Which  shall  have  charge  of  all   matters  pertaining  to  com- 
merce that  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive 
Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MINES  AND  MINING, 

consisting  of  sixteen  (16)  Commissioners, 
Which    shall    have    charge    of    all    matters    pertaining    to 
metallurgy,  mines,  and  mining  processes,  as  may  be  referred  to  it 
by  the   Commission,  its   Executive  Committee,  or  its  Board  of 
Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FISH,  FISHERIES,  AND  FISH  CULTURE, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these 
subjects  as  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Exec- 
utive Committee  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE    ON    ELECTRICITY,    ELECTRICAL    AND   PNEU- 
MATICAL  APPLIANCES, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these 
subjects  that  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Exec- 
utive Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MACHINERY, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to 
machinery  that  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its 
Executive  Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 


298  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Third  Ses-  COMMITTEE    ON    FORESTRY    AND    LUMBER, 

sion— Sev- 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these 
subjects  as  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Exec- 
utive Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  PRINTING, 

consisting  of  six  (6)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  this 
subject,  as  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive 
Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  PRESS, 

consisting  of  six  (6)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  this 
subject,  as  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive 
Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  WORLD'S  CONGRESSES, 

consisting  of  eight  (8)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  act  in  connection  with  the  Local  Directory  in 
reference  to  any  World's  Congress  that  may  desire  to  assemble 
here  during  the  Exposition. 

COMMITTEE  ON  GROUNDS  AND  BUILDINGS, 

consisting  of  six  (6)  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  and  supervision  of  the  grounds  and 
buildings  in  so  far  as  the  Commission  may  exercise  authority  over 
the  same,  and  shall  also  examine  and  report  to  the  Commission 
as  to  the  provision  made  by  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition 
for  such  buildings;  as  it  shall  be  thereto  required,  by  the  order 
of  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or  its  Board  of 
Reference  and  Control. 

Each  of  the  said  several  standing  committees,  hereinbefore 
enumerated,  shall  have  power  and  authority  to  investigate  from 
time  to  time  the  workings  of  the  several  great  departments, 
respectively,  having  charge  of  the  particular  subject,  or  subjects, 
with  reference  to  which  each  such  committee  was  created;  and 
from  time  to  time  to  make  reports  and  recommendations  respect- 
ing the  same,  either  to  the  Board  of  Reference  and  Control,  the 
Executive  Committee,  or  to  the  Commission. 


Minutes  of  the    Third  Session.  299 

Amend  Article  Thirteenth  by  inserting  between  the  words  Third  &es- 

sion— Sev 

"Commission  "  and  "and,"  in  the  fourth  line  thereof,  the  follow-    enthDay. 
ing  words,  viz.: 

"  Or  six  of  the  members  of  the  Board  of  Reference  and  Con- 
trol." 

Amend  Article  Fourteenth  by  inserting,  between  the  words 
" Committee"  and  "and,"  in  line  fifth  thereof,  the  following 
words,  viz.: 

"Or  to  the  Board  of  Reference  and  Control." 

Amend  further,  by  adding  the  following  additional  article  to 
be  Article  "Seventeenth,"  to  wit: 

ARTICLE  SEVENTEENTH. 

There  shall  be  a  Board,  to  be  designated  "  Board  of  Refer- 
ence and  Control,"  to  consist  ot  the  President  of  the  Commission, 
the  Vice-Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee/and  six  members 
of  the  Commission,  to  be  appointed  by  the  President,  upon  which 
Board  are  conferred  all  the  powers  and  duties  of  the  Commission, 
when  the  said  Commission  and  its  Executive  Committee  shall 
not  be  in  session,  except  in  cases  in  which  the  Act  of  Congress 
requires  the  action  of  the  Commission,  or  of  a  majority  of  the 
Commissioners;  said  Board  of  Conference  and  Control,  with  a 
like  Committee  of  the  Directory  of. the  World's  Columbian 
Exposition,  to  be  appointed  by  the  President  thereof,  shall  con- 
stitute a  Committee  of  Conference  to  which  shall  be  referred  all 
matters  of  difference,  and  the  joint  action  of  the  two  Boards, 
constituting  the  Joint  Committee  on  such  matters  of  difference, 
shall  be  conclusive.  The  said  Board  of  Conference  and  Control 
shall  keep  accurate  records  of  all  its  proceedings,  and  make  full 
reports  of  the  same  to  the  Commission  at  each  session  thereof, 
within  the  first  two  days  of  the  session. 

Amend  further  by  adding  an  additional  article,  to-wit: 

ARTICLE    EIGHTEENTH. 
No  Commissioner  shall  demand  or  receive  for  any  service  commis- 

renderecl    as   chief   of,  or   subordinate  employe  in,   any    of   the    toreceive 

only  ex- 
great  departments,  any  sum  of  money,  except  such  as   he  may 

be  entitled  to  demand  and  receive  under  the  provisions  made  by 
the  Act  of  Congress  for  the  transportation  and  subsistence  of 
the  members  of  this  Commission. 

Amend  further  by  adding  the  following  additional  article, 
viz.: 


300  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

ARTICLE  NINETEENTH. 

TSion-tev-          There  shall  be  an  official  seal   of  the  Commission,   circular 
)ay-  in   form,  with  the  following   devices  thereon,   viz.,   around    the 
margin  thereof  the  words: 

"  World's  Columbian  Commission,  created  by  Act  of  Con- 
gress of  the  United  States  of  America,  organized  1890." 
In  the  center  a  vignette  composed  as  follows: 
In  the  top  of  the  circle  the  eagle,  copied  from  our  National 
coat  of    arms,  perched  upon  the   figure  of  a  globe,  and  below 
it    a    section    of    the    well-known    picture    of   the   landing    of 
Columbus,  showing  the  prow  of  the  boat. 

Amend  further  by  making  present  Article  Seventeenth  to 
be  Article  Twentieth. 

The  report  was  read  and  debated  section  by  section. 
Mr.  Ritchie,  of  Ohio,  during  the  consideration  of  Section  10, 
offered  the  following  amendment: 

WHEREAS,  The  By-Laws  delegate  to  the  several  committees 
that  said  committees  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining 
to  the  subject,  or  duties  which  shall  come  before  such  commit- 
tees, or  that  shall  be  referred  to  them  by  the  Commission;  now, 
be  it 

Resolved,  That  said  committees  shall  have  entire  supervision 
and  direction  over  all  such  matters  as  are  so  delegated  to  them, 
and  over  their  respective  bureaus. 

After  the  amendment  had  been  read,  Mr.  Ritchie  stated 
that  his  purpose  in  offering  it  had  been  accomplished,  and  asked 
leave  to  withdraw  it,  which  was  granted. 

A  division  being  at  length  reached  on  the  report  of  the 
Judiciary  Committee  up  to  and  including  Section  17  of  the 
By-Laws,  it  was  adopted;  ayes,  60;  noes,  o. 

The  proposed  amendment  to  Section  18  was  then  taken  up, 
and  Mr.  Jones,  of  Missouri,  offered  the  following  substitute, 
which  was  accepted  by  Mr.  Lindsay  on  behalf  of  the  Committee 
as  an  amendment: 

No.commis-          And  no  member  of  this  Commission  shall  accept  any  office 
hoici  an      created  bv  the  local  Illinois  corporation    to  which  a    salary    is 

omce  to  -1  J 

wJaryis     attached,  nor  shall  he  accept  any  office  to  be  hereafter  created 
l'   by  this  Commission  to  which  a  salary  is  attached: 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  301 

After  protracted  debate,  Mr.  Massey  called  for  the  ayes  and 
noes  on  the  proposed  amendment  to  Section  ^8  of  the  By-Laws,    ' 
and  the  call  was  sustained. 

The  roll  was  called  and  the  amendment  was  adopted  by  the 
following  vote: 

AYES — Lindsay,  Furnas,  de  Young,    Goodell,  Skiff,  Waller,  Ayes  and 

J  noes  on 

Massey,   Porter,  Hirst,  McLaws,  Deere,  Ewing,  Garvin,  Martin-    poled™" 

amend- 

dale,  Eiboeck,  King,  Holliday,  Bennett,  Penn,  Edwards,  Lane,  ment- 
Richmond,  Bynum,  Saunders,  Bullene,  Jones,  Mitchell,  May, 
Scott,  Russell,  Smith,  Rucker,  Platt,  Ritchie,  Klippel,  McClel- 
land, Roche,  Cochran,  Bullard,  Strong,  Williams,  Walker,  Groner, 
Harris,  Drum,  Hopkins,  Butt,  St.  Clair,  Allen,  Mitchell,  Hay, 
Tetard,  White,  Beeson,  Miles,  Kiesel,  Lannan — 57. 

NOES — McDonald,  Werth,  Ryan — 3. 

ABSENT  OR  NOT  VOTING — Bullock,  Palmer,  Allen,  Widener, 
Exall,  Britton,  Wilson,  Hundley,  Adams,  Gregg,  Forsyth,  Brain- 
ard,  Turnbull,  Way,  Manning,  Stearns,  Price,  McKenzie,  Wood- 
ward, Bixby,  Hodges,  Lowndes,  Breed,  Proctor,  Harrison, 
Tousley,  Hershfield,  Haines,  Aiken,  McDuffie,  Sewell,  Depew, 
Thacher,  Andrews,  Keogh,  Wilkins,  Woodside,  Goff,  Sims,  Day, 
Cochran,  Dickinson,  Smalley,  Beckwith,  Coats,  Zeckendorf — 46. 

So  the  report  of  the  Committee  was-  adopted. 

Mr.  Jones  moved  to  reconsider  the  vote  just  taken  and  to 
lay  that  motion  on  the  table,  and  the  motion  was  carried. 

The  Commission  then  adjourned  to  meet  Wednesday  morn- 
ing at  10  o'clock. 


Third  Session— Eighth  Day,  Wednesday,   November 

26,  1890. 

The  Commission  met  in  the  Council  Chamber,  City  Hall,  at  T181||j(Jle8' 
10  o'clock  A.  M.,  President  Palmer  in  the  chair.  Dayhth 

The  roll  was  called,  and  the  following  Commissioners  and  Koll-ca11- 
alternates  were  present: 

COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE. — California,  M.  L.  McDonald; 
Kentucky,  W.  Lindsay;  Michigan,  T.  W.  Palmer;  Nebraska,  R. 
W.  Furnas,  alternate. 


302  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

Third  ses-  COMMISSIONERS    OF    THE    STATES. — Alabama,  G.  L.  Werth, 

sion— 

£ifth  alternate;  California,  M.  H.  de  Young,  W.  Forsyth;  Colorado, 
R.  E.  Goodell,  F.  J.  V.  Skiff;  Connecticut,  L.  Brainard,  T.  M. 
Waller;  Delaware,^  G.  V.  Massey,  W.  H.  Porter;  Florida,  J. 
Hirst;  Georgia,  C.  H.  Way,  L.  McLaws;  Idaho,  G.  A.  Manning, 
J.  E.  Stearns;  Illinois,  C.  H.  Deere,  A.  T.  Ewing;  Indiana,  T.  E. 
Garvin,  E.  B.  Martindale;  Iowa,  W.  F.  King,  J.  Eiboeck,  alternate; 
Kansas,  C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr. ;  Kentucky,  J.  Bennett,  J.  A.  McKenzie; 
Louisiana,  D.  B.  Penn;  Maine,  C.  S.  Edwards,  alternate;  Michi- 
gan, M.  H.  Lane,  C.  H.  Richmond;  Mississippi,  J.  M.  Bynum, 
R.  L.  Saunders;  Missouri,  T.  B.  Bullene,  C.  H.  Jones;  Montana, 

A.  H.    Mitchell;    Nebraska,   A.  G.   Scott,  W.  L.  May,  alternate; 
Nevada,  G.  Russell;    New  Jersey,  T.   Smith;  North  Carolina,  T. 

B.  Keogh;  North  Dakota,   H.  P.  Rucker,    M.  Ryan;  Ohio,  H.  P. 
Platt,  W.  Ritchie;    Oregon,  H.   Klippel,  M.  Wilkins;  Pennsylva- 
nia, W.  McClelland;  South  Carolina,  A.  R.  Cochrane,  E.  L.  Roche, 
alternate;  South  Dakota,  S.  A.  Ramsey,  L.  S.  Bullard,  alternates; 
Tennessee,  T.   L.  Williams,  R.   Strong,  alternate;  Texas,    J.    T. 
Dickinson;  Vermont,   A.    F.   Walker,  alternate;  Virginia,   V.   D. 
Groner,  J.    T.    Harris;  Washington,  H.   Drum,  C.  B.    Hopkins; 
West  Virginia,  J.   D.  Butt,  J.  W.  St.  Clair;  Wisconsin,  P.  Allen, 
Jr.,  J.  L.  Mitchell;  Wyoming,  H.  G.  Hay,  A.  S.  Mercer,  alternate. 

COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  TERRITORIES. — Arizona,  G.  F.  Coats; 
New  Mexico,  R.  M.  White.  L.  C.  Tetard,  alternate;  Oklahoma, 
O.  Beeson,  J.  D.  Miles;  Utah,  F.  J.  Kiesel,  P.  H.  Lannan. 

The  report  of  the  Committee  on  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By- 
Laws,  which  was  under  consideration  at -the  adjournment  on 
Tuesday,  was  taken  up  for  further  consideration. 

Mr.  Forsyth,  by  unanimous  consent,  withdrew  his  resolution 
with  regard  to  future  stated  meetings  of  the  Commission. 

The  Committee's  proposed  amendment  to  the  By-Laws 
creating  a  new  Article,  to  be  Article  Nineteenth  of  the  By-Laws 
regarding  the  seal  of  the  Commission,  was  amended  to  read  as 
follows  and  adopted: 

There  shall  be  an  official  seal  of  the  Commission,  circular  in 
form,  with  the  following  devices  thereon,  viz.:  Around  the  mar- 


om" 


Minutes  of  the   Tfiird  Session.  303 

grin  thereof  the  words,  "World's  Columbian  Commission,  created  Third  ses- 

7  sipn— 

by  Act  of  Congress  of  the  United  States  of  America.  Organized  ™%h 
1890."  In  the  center  a  vignette  composed  as  follows:  In  the 
top  of  the  circle  the  eagle  copied  from  our  national  coat  of  arms, 
perched  upon  the  figure  of  a  globe,  and  below  it  a  section  of  the 
well-known  picture  of  the  landing  of  Columbus,  showing  the 
prow  of  the  boat.  The  Secretary  shall  be  the  custodian  of  the 
seal,  and  shall  affix  the  same  to  all  official  documents. 

Amend  further  by  making  present  Article  Seventeenth  to  be 
Article  Twentieth. 

The  report  of  the  Committee  as  a  whole  was  then  adopted. 

Mr.   Jones,   of   Missouri,   Chairman  of    the   Committee    on    m7tteeo 

amending 

Finance,  returned  the   report   of    that  Committee  as  amended    adopted9 
Tuesday,   and   recommitted    with    instructions  to   fix   a   definite 
amount   as  the   salary  of   the   Secretary  of    the  Board  of  Lady 
Managers,  and  also  the  supplementary  report  carrying  out  such 
instructions,  as  follows: 

To  the  Hon.  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  of  the  World's  Columbian  Report  of 

.      .  the  Fi- 

Commission:  »ance  . 

Commit- 

The  Committee   on    Finance  respectfully  report   that   they    ofeLadyB5 
have  carefully  examined  the  report  of  the  Executive  Committee    and  salary 
in  regard  to  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  and  also  the  several    secretary 
resolutions  referred  to  them  by  vote  of  the  Commission,  and  that 
they  find  a  large  part  of  the  substance  matter  of  said  report  to  be 
outside  of  their  jurisdiction,  and  they  therefore  report  back  those 
portions  of  said  report  without  recommendation. 

In  respect  of  the  expenditures  of  money  for  salaries  and  the 
expenses  of  the  Secretary's  office,  as  recommended  by  the  Exec- 
utive Committee,  the  Committee  respectfully  report  that  the 
compensation  of  the  Lady  Managers  has  already  been  fixed  by 
this  body  in  Article  Eleventh  of  the  By-Laws,  which  will  be 
found  on  pages  97  and  98  of  the  Official  Manual,  as  follows: 

"  Each  member  of  the  Board  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  six 
dollars  per  day  for  each  day  necessarily  absent  from  home 
engaged  in  the  work  of  the  Commission,  and  also  the  expenses 
of  transportation  actually  incurred  by  her  on  that  account." 

Under  that  By-Law,  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Lady 
Managers,  being  a  member  of  the  said  Board  of  Lady  Managers, 
would  be  entitled,  should  her  duties  require  her  constant  pres- 
ence in  Chicago,  to  compensation  at  the  rate  of  $2,190  per 


304  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

T8ion-es"    annum,  and  to  a  smaller  sum  in  proportion  to  the  length  of  time 
Daj?th      of  enforced  absence  from  home  in  the  performance  of  her  duties 
as  Secretary. 

Your  Committee  recommends  that  as  the  compensation  thus 
fixed  can  not  be  changed  without  an  amendment  to  the  By-Laws, 
it  be  left  unchanged,  and  that  in  addition  thereto  a  room  be  set 
apart  at  the  office  headquarters  of  the  Commission  in  Chicago, 
for  the  use  of  said  Secretary  and  other  officers  of  the  Board  of 
Lady  Managers,  and  that  there  be  allowed  for  the  incidental 
expenses  of  said  office — stationery,  postage,  books,  etc. — a  sum 
not  to  exceed  $500  per  annum. 

Your  Committee  would  further  direct  attention  to  the  fact 
that  under  the  Act  of  Congress  this  Commission  "is  authorized  and 
required  to  appoint  a  Board  of  Lady  Managers  of  such  number 
and  to  perform  such  duties  as  may  be  prescribed  by  said  Com- 
mission; "  and  to  the  further  fact  that  the  report  of  the  Execu- 
tive Committee  referred  to  them  and  now  under  consideration, 
shows  that  the  duties  to  be  performed  by  the  Board  of  Lady 
Managers  have  not  as  yet  been  prescribed  or  defined.  When,  at 
a  later  stage  of  the  work  in  connection  with  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Exposition,  it  shall  be  found  that  the  duties  of  the  Secretary 
are  of  so  onerous  and  responsible  a  character  as  to  require  com- 
pensation greater  than  that  already  fixed  in  the  By-Laws  (Article 
Eleven),  it  will  be  in  the  power  of  this  Commission  to  o^der  such 
an  amendment  of  said  By-Law  as  your  Committee  is  not  pre- 
pared to  recommend  at  this  time. 

CHARLES  H.  JONES,  Chairman. 

SUPPLEMENTARY  REPORT. 

To  the  Hon  T.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Com- 
mission : 

The  Committee  on  Finance  respectfully  report,  in  lieu  of 
that  portion  of  the  previous  report  of  the  committee  referring  to 
the  salary  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  and  under  the  instruc- 
tions of  the  Commission,  as  follows: 

WHEREAS,  The  members  and  officers  of  the  Board  of  Lady 
Managers  are  made  officers  of  this  Commission  by  Article  Eleven 
of  the  By-Laws,  and  consequently  this  Commission  has  the  pow- 
er to  fix  the  compensation  of  said  officers,  therefore, 

Resolved,  That  the  salary  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of 
Lady  Managers  be  fixed,  for  the  present,  at  fifteen  hundred  dol- 
lars ($1,500)  per  annum,  said  salary  to  be  in  lieu  of  the  per  diem 


Minutes  of  the  Third  Session.  305 


and  transportation  expenses  allowed  to  members  of  the  Board 
Lady  Managers  by  Article  Eleven  of  the  By-Laws  of  the  Com- 
mission. 

Mr.  Smith,  of  New  Jersey,  moved  to  strike  out  the  words 
"transportation  expenses." 

Mr.  Bullene,  of  Missouri,  moved  to  amend  by  substituting 
the  words  "  six  dollars  per  diem  and  expenses  of  traveling-  while 
necessarily  absent  from  home,"  etc. 

Mr.  Martindale,  of  Indiana,  moved  to  amend  the  amendment  Amended 

and 

by  making  the  report  read  "  $2,000  per  annum."  The  amend- 
ment was  adopted,  and  the  reports  of  the  Committee,  as  amended, 
and  as  a  whole,  were  adopted. 

Mr.  Furnas,  of  Nebraska,  offered  the   following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  Report  of  the  Committee  of  Conference 
with  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  be  and  the  same  is  hereby 
approved  and  adopted,  as  amended,  and  that  the  Secretary  be 
instructed  to  advise  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers  at  once  of  the 
action  of  this  Commission. 

The  resolution  was  adopted. 

Mr.  Martindale,  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Grounds  and  D(t!J*t^°J8 
Buildings,  called  up  the  report  of  that  Committee  on  the  plans    ings." 
and  specifications  for  buildings  submitted  by  the  World's  Colum- 
bian Exposition.     A  long  discussion  then  ensued. 

Mr.  Lindsay,  of  Kentucky,  offered  the  following  proviso  as 
an  amendment  to  the  resolution  proposed  by  the  Committee  on 
Grounds  and  Buildings: 

Provided,  The  said  plans  and  specifications  are  accepted 
upon  the  further  conditions,  that  the  detailed  plans  and  specifica- 
tions to  be  hereafter  proposed,  including  those  relating  to  space 
and  to  the  material  to  be  used  in  the  construction  of  the  several 
buildings,  shall  be  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee or  Board  of  Reference  and  Control  of  this  Commission, 
and  subject  to  the  right  of  said  Committee  or  Board  to  be  in- 
fo rm,ed  as  to  the  estimated  aggregate  cost  of  said  buildings,  and 
of  each  building,  and  of  the  right  of  this  Commission  to  have 
reported  to  it  the  actual  cost  of  said  building  and  each  of  them 
when  completed. 

Mr.  Martindale  accepted  the  amendment  on  behalf  of  the 
Committee. 


306  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Tsio2-es"  A  number  of  amendments  and  provisos  were  offered,  and 

§ay!tb      successively  ordered  to  be  laid  upon  the  table. 

Mr.  de  Young,  of  California,  moved  that  the  resolution  of 
the  Committee  on  Grounds  and  Buildings  be  so  amended  as  to 
read  as  follows: 

Resolved,  That  said  plans  and  specifications  are  hereby 
accepted  by  the  World's  Columbian  Commission,  provided  that 
all  the  main  buildings  be  constructed  of  fire-proof  material, 
such  as  iron,  glass,  brick,  stone,  and  terra  cotta. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  St.  Clair,  of  West  Virginia,  the  amend- 
ment was  laid  upon  the  table. 

Mr.  Mercer,  of  Wyoming,  offered  the  following  resolution: 

Resolved,  That  the  report  of  the  Committee  on  Grounds  and 
Buildings  be  so  amended  as  to  show  the  size  of  the  two  buildings 
to  be  erected  on  the  Lake  Front  and  the  character  of  material 
used  in  their  construction. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  Bullene,  of  Missouri,  the  resolution  was 
laid  upon  the  table. 

Bb"fl?l-8  to          Mr-  de  Young    moved    that    the    following    amendment   be 
far  as        added  at  the  end  of  the  proviso  submitted  by  Mr.  Lindsay  and 

possible. 

accepted  by  the  Committee:  u  And  that  the  main  buildings,  so  far 
as  possible,  shall  be  fire-proof."  The  amendment  was  accepted 
by  the  Committee. 

Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  moved  to  amend  by  striking  out 
the  words  "  Executive  Committee  or,"  in  the  blank  line.  The 
amendment  was  accepted  by  the  Committee. 

H2iopted.  The  report  of  the  Committee  as  thus  amended  was  then 

unanimously  adopted. 

On  motion  of  Mr.  St.  Clair,  it  was  voted  to  suspend  the 
rules  and  continue  the  session  of  the  Commission  until  all  busi- 
ness was  disposed  of. 

Mr.  Garvin,  of  Indiana,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  appropriation  of  five  hundred  dollars, 
authorized  by  the  adoption  of  the  report  of  the  Committee  on 
Finance  to  be  expended  in  the  maintenance  of  the  Secretary  of 
the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  be  construed  and  held  to  mean 


Minutes  of  the   Third  Session.  307 

that  stationery,  printed  matter,  supplies,  postage,  and  office  co 
veniences  be  furnished  by  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission,  to    §!§?th 
the  amount  of  $500,  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Man- 
agers. 

Mr.  Garvin,  Chairman  of  the  Auditing  Committee,  submitted  Report  of 

Auditing 

the  following  report,  which  was  adopted :  Semmlt" 

adopted. 

To  the  World's  Columbian  Commission: 

The  Committee  on  Auditing,  to  whom  was  referred  certain 
claims  against  the  Commission  incurred  and  paid  by  Hon.  John 
W.  Woodside,  for  and  on  behalf  of  the  Committee  on  Mines  and 
Mining,  beg  leave  to  report  that  said  claims  are  for  printing  cir- 
culars on  the  order  of  said  Committee  on  Mines $5  25 

And  for  postage  on  said  circulars 400 


Amounting  to  ._ ..  _    $9   25 

That  said  sum  was  paid  by  Hon.  John  W.  Woodside;  that  the 
expenditures  were  necessary  and  ought  to  be  refunded,  and  this 
Committee  therefore  recommend  their  payment  by  the  Commis- 
sion. The  claims  are  herewith  returned. 

THOS.  E.  GARVIN, 
Chairman  Committee  on  Auditing. 
Attest :  PHIL.  ALLEN,  JR., 

Secretary. 

The  President  submitted  the  following  communication  from 
the  Secretary  of  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers,  which  was  read 
and  ordered  printed  in  the  minutes: 

BOARD  OF  LADY  MANAGERS, 
WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN  COMMISSION, 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  24,  1890. 

Hon.  THOS.  W.  PALMER,  President  World's  Columbian  Commis- 
sion, Chicago,  111.: 

DEAR  SIR:     I  am  directed  by  the  Board  of  Lady  Managers, 
World's  Columbian  Commission,  to  extend  to  you  hearty  thanks 
for  the  drive  to  Washington  and  Jackson  parks  on  Saturday. 
Very  truly  yours, 

PHOEBE  W.  COUZINS,  Secretary. 

Mr.  Massey,  of  Delaware,  offered  the  following-  resolution, 
which  was  unanimously  adopted; 


308  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

™on-es"  Resolved,  That  the  Secretary  of  the  Commission  be,  and  he 

Eighth  is  hereby  authorized,  directed,  and  empowered  to  pay  to  James 
McHale,  Sergeant-at-Arms  of  the  City  Council,  and  having 
charge  of  the  chamber  in  which  the  sessions  of  the  Commission 
have  been  held,  both  in  September  and  in  the  present  month, 
the  sum  of  $150  for  his  courteous,  attentive,  and  efficient  Cervices 
to  the  Commission  at  both  said  sessions;  and  also  that  he  pay 
to  Robert  Dugan  and  John  Brady,  janitors,  each,  the  sum  of 
$35  for  services  rendered  by  each  of  them  at  the  present  session 
of  the  Commission. 

Mr.  Miles,  of  Oklahoma,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  referred  to  the  Committee  on  Ceremonies: 

Resolved,  That  in  addition  to  the  propositions  already  pre- 
sented for  the  proper  dedication  of  the  Columbian  Exposition, 
in  October,  1892,  the  proposed  "Columbian  Indian  Band,"  con- 
sisting of  sixty  instruments,  be  given  a  place,  to  be  under 
the  control  of  Capt.  R.  H.  Pratt,  Superintendent  Indian  School, 
Carlisle,  Pa. 

Mr.  Strong,  of  Tennessee,  offered  the  following  resolution  : 

Resolved,  That  this  Commission  proceed  to  ballot  for  six 
members  of  the  Commission  to  be  recommended  to  the  President 
for  appointment  as  the  Board  of  Reference  and  Control  provided 
for  in  the  report  of  the  Special  Committee  of  Conference. 

Mr.  Harris,  of  Virginia,  raised  the  point  of  order  that  the 
resolution  was  in  conflict  with  the  By-Laws. 

Before  the  point  of  order  was  decided,  Mr.  McClelland,  of 
Pennsylvania,  moved  that  the  resolution  be  indefinitely  post- 
poned, and  the  motion  was  carried. 

Mr.  White,  of  New  Mexico,  offered  the  following  resolution: 
Legislation  Resolved.  That  the  members  of  the  Committee  on  Legislation 

in  the 

^atesjindbc,  and  hereby  are  empowered  and  requested  to  sit  during  the 
sessions  of  their  respective  legislatures  in  their  respective  States 
and  Territories,  for  a  sufficient  time  to  promote  and  obtain  from 
said  legislatures  favorable  legislation  and  appropriations  for  the 
furthering  of  the  purpose  and  object  of  the  World's  Fair;  Pro- 
vided, that  no  expenditure  for  such  attendance  exceed  $100. 

Mr.  Lindsay,  from  the  Judiciary  Committee,  offered  the  fol- 
lowing substitute,  which  was  accepted  by  Mr.  White  and  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  Committee  on  Judiciary,  or  any  three 
members  thereof,  are  authorized,  after  the  adjournment  of  the 


Minutes  of  the     Tltird    Session.  309 

Commission,  to  confer  with  the  Committee  of  the  Local 
Board  of  Directors,  on  the  subject  of  legislation,  the  result  of  the 
conference  to  be  reported  to  the  Executive  Committee  or  Board 
of  Control,  and  upon  the  approval  thereof  the  said  Committee 
or  Board  shall  cause  such  plan  as  may  be  recommended  to  be 
carried  into  execution,  and  the  Commissioners  from  the  several 
States  and  ^Territories  are  authorized  and  empowered  to  commu- 
nicate with  fhe  Governors,  and  to  appear  before  their  respective 
legislatures,  to  advance  such  legislation  as  may  be  promotive 
of  the  success  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  provided  the 
allowance  for  subsistence  to  no  Commissioner  shall  exceed 
$60,  but  each  shall  be  entitled  to  the  transportation  authorized 
by  the  Act  of  Congress. 

Mr.  Hay,  of  Wyoming,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  unanimously  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  thanks  of  this  Commission  are  hereby 
respectfully  tendered  to  Mr.  and  Mrs.  L.  J.  Gage,  the  La  Salle 
Club,  Washington  Park  Association,  the  Auditorium  Association, 
and  other  citizens  and  associations  of  Chicago  for  the  hospitali- 
ties extended  to  the  Commissioners  during  the  present  session. 

The  Secretary  submitted  the  following  communication: 

OFFICE  OF  THE  SECRETARY, 
WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN  COMMISSION, 

CHICAGO,  ILL.,  November  25,  1890. 
To  the   World's  Columbian  Commission: 

GENTLEMEN:  I  have  the  honor  to  inform  you  that  I  have  R^ 
received  from  time  to  time,  since  the  last  meeting  of  the  Com 
mission,  communications,  petitions,  memorials,  etc.,  from  various 
synods,  churches,  societies,  associations,  and  individuals  from 
almost  every  State  and  Territory  in  the  Union,  including  the 
District  of  Columbia,  protesting  against  the  opening  of  the 
World's  Columbian  Exposition  on  Sunday. 

My  reply  to  these  communications  has  been  to  acknowledge 
receipt  of  them,  and  to  state  that  when  this  question  was  taken 
up  for  consideration  by  the  Commission,  these  communications, 
etc.,  would  be  laid  before  the  Commission. 

As  quite  a  number  of  these  petitions,  memorials,  etc.,  request 
the  matter  to  be  laid  before  the  Commission  at  this  meeting,  I 
desire  to  submit  this  communication  with  the  accompanying 
petitions,  memorials,  etc  ,  in  order  to  receive  instructions  from 

21 


310  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Third  ses-    the  Commission  as  to  what  reply  I  shall  make  to  these  commu- 

sion—  r  ' 

Eighth      nications  in  the  future. 

I  have  the  honor  to  be,  your  obedient  servant, 

JOHN  T.  DICKINSON, 

Secretary. 

Mr.  Martindale  moved  that  all  petitions,  communications, 
and  memorials  of  the  kind  mentioned  in  the  Secretary's  com- 
munication be  referred  to  the  Local  Directory.  After  con- 
siderable debate  Mr.  Martindale  withdrew  his  motion  and  it  was 
renewed  by  Mr.  Harris,  of  Virginia. 

Mr.  Massey  moved,  as  an  amendment,  that  all  such  communi- 
cations already  received,  and  all  that  may  hereafter  be  received 
by  the  Secretary  of  the  Commission,  shall  remain  in  the  files 
of  the  Secretary's  office  and  be  considered  hereafter  by  the  Com- 
mission at  the  appropriate  time. 

Mr.  Jones  offered  the  following  as  an  amendment: 

And  that  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission  inform  the  peti- 
tioners that  at  this  stage  this  Commission  has  no  'power  to  act, 
but  will  respectfully  consider  them  at  the  proper  time. 

Mr.  St.  Clair  offered  the  following  as  a  substitute  for  the 
original  resolution  and  all  the  amendments: 

Resolved,  That  the  communication  of  the  Secretary  be  re- 
ceived and  filed  ;  and  the  Secretary  is  hereby  directed  to  reply  to 
the  communications  therein  referred  to,  and  such  like  communica- 
tions as  he  may  hereafter  receive,  stating  that  they  will  be  con- 
sidered at  some  future  meeting  of  the  Commission,  after  the 
Chicago  Directory  has  submitted  its  rules  and  regulations  gov- 
erning the  rates  of  entrance,  etc. 

Mr.  Massey  accepted  the  amendment  of  Mr.  St.  Clair  and 
withdrew  his  own  resolution,  and  the  former  was  then  adopted. 

Mr.  Butt,  of  West  Virginia,  offered  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  unanimously  adopted: 

Resolved,  That  the  thanks  of  this  Commission  be,  and  are 
hereby  extended  to  the  President,  Hon.  Thomas  W.  Palmer, 
and  the  Vice-Presidents  for  the  fairness  and  ability  with  which 
they  have  presided  over  its  deliberations. 

The  Commission  then,  at  1.20  o'clock  p.  M.,  adjourned  to  meet 
in  the  City  of  Chicago  on  the  first  Wednesday  of  April,  1891, 
unless  sooner  called  together  by  the  President. 


ORDER   OF   BUSINESS 


FOR    SESSIONS    OF    THE 


World's   Columbian   Commission. 


1.  CALLING  OF  THE  ROLL. 

2.  READING  AND  APPROVAL  OF  THE  MINUTES. 

3.  PRESENTATION  OF  COMMUNICATIONS  AND  MEMORIALS. 

4.  REPORTS  OF  STANDING  COMMITTEES. 

5.  REPORTS  OF  SELECT  COMMITTEES. 

6.  MOTIONS  AND  RESOLUTIONS. 


311 


RULES  OF  ORDER  AND  PROCEDURE 

FOR   SESSIONS   OF  THE 

World's  Columbian  Commission. 


TOUCHING  THE  DUTIES  OF  THE  PRESIDENT. 

1.  He  shall  take  the  Chair  every  day,  precisely  at  the  hour  to  which  Roide?fand 
the   Commission   shall   stand   adjourned,  and   on   the   appearance  of  a  Procedure- 
quorum  shall  cause  the  Journal  of  the  preceding  day  to  be  read. 

2.  He  shall  preserve  decorum  and  order;  may  speak  to  points  of 
order  in  preference  to  Commissioners  on  the  floor,  rising  from  his  chair 
for   that   purpose.     He  shall   decide  questions  of  order,  subject  to  an 
appeal  to  the  Commission  on  request  of  any  two  Commissioners. 

3.  He  may  state  a  question  sitting,  but  shall  rise  to  put  a  question 
to  the  vote  of  the  Commission. 

4.  Questions  shall  be  distinctly  put   in  this  form,  viz.:     "All  you 
who  are  of  opinion  that  (as  the  question  may  be),  say  'Aye.'     You  of  the 
contrary  opinion,  say  '  No.'  "     If  the  presiding  officer  doubt,  or  a  division 
be  called  for,  the  Commission  shall  divide;  those  in  the  affirmative  shall 
first  rise  from  their  seats,  and  afterward  those   in  the  negative.     If  the 
presiding  officer  still  doubt,  or  a  count  be  required,  the  presiding  officer 
shall  name  two  Commissioners,  one  from  each  side,  to  tell  those  in  the 
affirmative  and  the  negative;  and  the  result  being  reported,  he  shall  rise 
and  state  the  decision  to  the  Commission.    And  on  every  vote  there  shall 
be  a  call  of  the  ayes  and  noes  when  demanded  by  five  Commissioners. 

5.  The   presiding   officer   may  examine    and    correct   the    Journal 
before  it  is  read. 

6.  In  case  of  any  disturbance  or  disorderly  conduct  in  the  galleries 
or  lobbies,  the  presiding  officer  shall  have  power  to  order  the  same  to  be 
cleared. 

ORDER  OF  BUSINESS. 

7.  As  soon   as  the   Journal   is   read   and   approved,   the  presiding 
officer  shall  call  for  communications  and  memorials.     The  same  having 
been  presented  and  disposed  of,  reports,  first  from  the  standing  and  then 
from  select  committees,  shall  be  called  for;  next,  motions  and  resolutions; 

313 


314  Worlds   Columbian   Commission. 

^68"*    d  and  if  on  any  day  the  whole  of  the  Committees  have  not  been  called,  or, 
rocedure.  being  called,  shall  not  have  finished  their  reports,  or  any  report  shall  not 
have  been  disposed  of,  the  presiding  officer,  on  the  next  day,  shall  com- 
mence where  he  left  off  on  the  preceding  day,  and  so  on   until  all  are 
called. 

DECORUM  AND  ORDER. 

8.  When  a  Commissioner  is  about  to  speak  in  debate  or  deliver  any 
matter  to  the  Commission,  he  shall  rise  from  his  seat  and  respectfully 
address  himself  to  "  Mr.  President,"  and,  being  recognized  by  the  presid- 
ing officer,  may  proceed,  but  shall  confine  himself  to  the  question  under 
debate,  and  avoid  personalities. 

9.  If  any  Commissioner,  in  speaking,  or  otherwise,  transgress  the 
rules  of  the  Commission,  the  presiding  officer  shall,  or  any  member  may, 
call  him  to   order;  in  which  case  the  member  so   called   to   order  shall 
immediately  sit  down,  unless  permitted  to  explain;  and  the  Commission, 
if   appealed    to,   shall   decide   on   the   case;  if  there  be    no    appeal,   the 
decision  of  the  presiding  officer  shall  be  submitted  to.     If  the  decision  be 
in  favor  of  the  Commissioner  called  to  order,  he  shall  be  at  liberty  to 
proceed;  if  otherwise,  he  shall  not  be  at  liberty  to  proceed  without  leave 
of  the  Commission;  and  if  the  case  require  it,  he  shall  be  liable  to  the 
censure  of  the  Commission. 

10.  If  a   Commissioner  be  called  to  order   by  another   for  words 
spoken  in  debate,  the  exceptional  words  shall  be  immediately  taken  down 
in  writing  by  the  Secretary,  that  the  presiding  officer  may  be  better  able 
to  judge  of  the  matter. 

n.  When  two  or  more  Commissioners  rise  at  once,  the  presiding 
officer  shall  name  the  Commissioner  who  first  addressed  the  Chair  as  the 
one  entitled  to  the  floor. 

12.  No  Commissioner  shall  speak  more  than  twice  to  the  same  ques- 
tion without   leave  of  the  Commission,  nor  more  than  once  until  every 
Commissioner  choosing  to  speak  shall  have  spoken.    But  the  Chairman  of 
a  Committee  reporting,  or  the  mover  of  the  pending  resolution  or  propo- 
sition, shall  have  the  right  to  conclude  the  debate. 

13.  While  the  presiding  officer  is  putting  any  question  or  addressing 
the  Commission,  none  shall  walk  out  or  across  the  chamber;   nor  when  a 
Commissioner  is  speaking  shall  any  other  entertain  private  discourse,  or 
pass  between  him  and  the  Chair. 

14.  No   Commissioner  shall  vote   on   any  question   in  the  event  of 
which   he   is  immediately  or  particularly  interested,  or  in  any  case  where 
he  was  not  present  when  the  question  was  put,  unless  by  the   unanimous 
consent  of  the  Commission. 


Rules  of  Order  and  Procedure.  315 


15.     Every  Commissioner  who  shall  be  present  when  the  question  i 
put  shall  give  his  vote,  unless  the  Commission,  for  special  reasons,  or  the  Procedure. 
presiding  officer,  upon  being  satisfied  that  the  motion  or  request  is  made 
for  dilatory  purposes,  shall  excuse  him. 

1  6.  When  a  motion  is  made  and  seconded,  it  shall  be  stated  by  the 
presiding  officer,  or,  being  in  writing,  shall  be  handed  to  the  Chair,  and 
read  aloud  by  the  Clerk  before  debated. 

17.  Every  motion  shall  be  reduced  to  writing,  if  the  presiding  officer 
or  any  Commissioner  desire  it. 

1  8.  After  a  motion  is  stated  by  the  presiding  officer,  or  read  by  the 
Clerk,  it  shall  be  deemed  to  be  in  the  possession  of  the  Commission,  but 
may  be  withdrawn,  if  there  be  no  objection,  at  any  time  before  a  decision 
or  amendment. 

DIGNITY  AND  PRIVILEGE  OF  QUESTIONS. 

19.  When  a  question  is  under  debate,  no   motion  shall  be  received 
but  to  fix  the  time  to  which  the  Commission  shall   adjourn,  to  adjourn 
to  lie  on  the  table,  for  the  previous  question,  to  postpone  to  a  clay  certain, 
to  commit,  or  to  postpone  indefinitely,  which  several  motions  shall  have 
precedence  in  the  order  in  which  they  are  arranged. 

20.  When  a    motion    is    made    to   refer  any  subject,  and   different 
committees    are  named,   the    question   shall   be   taken    in    the    following 
order:     i.    To  a    Committee  of  the  Whole.     2.    A  Standing  Committee. 
3.    A  Select  Committee. 

21.  A  motion   to   adjourn  shall   always  be   in  order:  that,  and    the 
motion  to  lie   on  the  table,  to  suspend  the   rules,  and   for  the   previous 
question,  shall  be  decided  without  debate. 

22.  The   previous  question  being  moved  and  seconded  by  not   less 
than  ten  Commissioners,  the  question  from  the  Chair  shall  be,  '''  Shall  the 
main  question  be  now  put?"  and  if  the  nays  prevail,  the   main  question 
shall  not  then  be  put.     But  a  refusal  to  order  the  previous  question  shall 
not  bar  the  Commission   from  forthwith   proceeding  to  the  consideration 
of  the  subject.     The   effects  of  the  previous  question  shall  be  to  put  an 
end  to  all  debate  (except  that  the  Chairman  of  the  Committee  reporting, 
or   the    mover   of    the    pending    resolution  or   motion,  may  occupy  not 
more    than    twenty  (20)    minutes    in    concluding    the   debate    after  such 
order)    and   bring    the    Commission  to  a  direct  vote  upon  amendments 
offered,  or  read   for  information,  before   ordering  the  previous  question, 
and  then  upon  the  main  question.     After  the  previous  question  h::s  been 
ordered,  and    until   it    shall   have  -been   exhausted,    no    motion    shall    be 
allowed    by  the   presiding  officer,  except  one  motion  to  adjourn  and  to  fix 
the  time  to  which   the  Commission   shall  adjourn.     A  second   motion  for 
the  previous  question  shall  not  be   in   order  on  the  same  day  upon  the 
same  question,  at  the  same  stage  thereof. 


316  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

Rules  of  23.     When  a  questiop  is  postponed  indefinitely,  the  same  shallnot 

Procedure,  ke  acted  on  again  during  the  session. 

24.  Any    Commissioner   may  call   for  a  division   of  the  question, 
which   shall  be  divided,  if  it  comprehends  questions  so  distinct  that,  one 
being  taken  away,  the  rest  may  stand  entire  for  the  decision  of  the  Com- 
mission; a  motion    to  strike  out  and    insert  shall  be  deemed    divisible. 
But  a  motion  to  strike  out  being   lost,  shall  preclude  neither  amendment 
nor  a  motion  to  strike  out  and   insert.     Nor  shall  a  motion  to  strike  out 
and    insert    one  thing,   being  lost,  preclude  a  motion  to  strike  out  and 
insert  a  different  thing. 

25.  Motions  and  reports  on  any  subject  may  be   committed    at  the 
pleasure  of  the  Commission. 

26.  A   motion  to  postpone   or   commit   an   amendment,   thereby  to 
separate  it  from  the  main  question,  shall  not  be  in  order. 

27.  No   motion   to   reconsider  any  vote  given  shall  be  made,  unless 
within  two  days  (Sunday  excepted)  after  such  vote   was   given,   unless  a 
majority   of  three-fourths   present  concur   therein;    and   the    motion    to 
reconsider  shall  be  a  privileged  motion,  and  must  be  made  by  a  Commis- 
sioner who  voted  with  the  prevailing  side. 

28.  No  motion   or   proposition  different  from  that  under  considera- 
tion shall  be  admitted  under  color  of  amendment. 

29.  When  a  paper  is  first  presented  to  the  Commission,  it  shall  be  a 
matter  of  right  in  any  Commissioner  to  have  it  read  before   the   Commis- 
sion shall  vote  upon  it.     If  the  paper  has  been  once  read,  or  the  reading 
dispensed  with,  and  the  reading   be   again   required   and   objected   to,   it 
shall  be  determined  by  a  vote  of  the  Commission. 

30.  The  unfinished  business  in  which  the  Commission  was  engaged 
at  the  last  preceding  adjournment   shall  have  the  preference  in  that  class 
of  business  to   which   it   appropriately  belongs;  and   no  motion,  or  any 
other  business,  unless  a  privileged  one,  shall   be   received  without  special 
leave  of  the  Commission,  until  the  former  is  disposed  of. 

31.  The  standing  rules  of  the  Commission,  and  the  regular  order  of 
business,  shall  not  be  suspended  or  interrupted,  unless  by  a  vote  of  two- 
thirds  of  the  Commissioners  present. 

32.  Communications,    memorials,   and   other   papers,   addressed   to 
the  Commission,   shall   be  presented   by   the   presiding  officer,  or  by   a 
member  in  his  place;  a  brief   statement   of  the  contents  thereof  shall  be 
verbally  made  by  the  introducer  before  received  or  disposed  of. 

33  Upon  call  of  the  Commission  to  take  the  yeas  and  nays  on  any 
question,  the  names  of  the  Commissioners-at-Large  shall  first  be  called 
in  alphabetical  order;  then  the  Commissioners  of  the  States  in  the  alpha- 
betical order  of  the  States;  then  the  Commissioners  of  the  Territories  in 


Rules  of  Order  and  Procedure.  317 

the  alphabetical  order  of  the  Territories,  and  then  the  Commissioners  of  Rules  of 

Order  and 

the  District  of  Columbia.    The  ayes  and  noes  shall  not  be  ordered  unless  Procedure, 
upon  the  demand  of  five  (5)  Commissioners. 

34.  No  committee  shall   sit  during  the  sitting  of  the  Commission 
without  special  leave. 

35.  All   questions  of  order  shall  be  noted  by  the  Clerk  upon  the 
Journal,  with  a  decision  thereon  when  an  appeal  shall  be  taken. 

36.  All  questions  relating  to  the  order  of  business  to  be  acted  upon 
shall  be  decided  without  debate. 

37.  Every  motion  to  alter,  change,  or  add  to  the  standing  rules  of 
the  Commission   shall  be   referred  to  the  Committee  on  Rules,  By-Laws, 
and  Regulations;  and   all   resolutions   presented  shall  be  disposed  of  by 
the  Commission,   unless  postponed,   referred,   or  committed  to  a  com- 
mittee. 

38.  An  order  to  lay  on  the  table  an  amendment,  or  substitute,  shall 
not  carry  with  it  the  original  proposition  or  motion. 

QUORUM. 

39.  A  quorum  shall  consist  of  not  less  than  a  majority  of  the  Com- 
missioners, but  the  alternates  representing  absent  Commissioners  shall 
be  counted  as  Commissioners. 


BY-LAWS 


OF    THE 


World's  Columbian  Commission 


ARTICLE  FIRST. 

OFFICIAL  TITLE. 

This  body  shall  be  known  by  the  title  of  the  "  World's  Columbian 
Commission,"  as  designated  by  the  act  of  Congress,  approved  April  25, 
1890;  and  the  celebration  with  reference  to  which  the  Commission  is 
created  shall  be  known  as  the  "World's  Columbian  Exposition." 

ARTICLE    SECOND. 

QUORUM. 

A  quorum  for  the  transaction  of  business  shall  consist  of  not  less 
than  a  majority  of  the  Commissioners,  but  the  alternates  representing 
absent  Commissioners  shall  be  counted  as  Commissioners. 

ARTICLE  THIRD. 

POWERS  OF  ALTERNATE  COMMISSIONER. 

An  alternate  Commissioner  shall  assume  and  perform  the  duties  of 
the  Commissioner  whose  alternate  he  is  only  when  his  principal  may  be 
unable  to  attend  the  meetings  of  the  Commission.  Service  upon  stand- 
ing or  special  committees  shall  not  devolve  upon  an  alternate  Commis- 
sioner whose  principal  is  a  member  thereof,  unless  in  the  absence  of  such 
principal  service  upon  such  committee  shall  be  specially  assigned  to  the 
alternate  by  the  Commission. 

ARTICLE   FOURTH. 

OFFICERS  OF  THE  COMMISSION. 

The  officers  of  this  Commission  shall  consist  of  a  President,  whose 
official  title  shall  be  President  of  the  u  World's  Columbian  Commission;" 
five  Vice-Presidents,  who  shall  be  denominated  First,  Second,  Third, 
Fourth,  and  Fifth  Vice-Presidents;  the  First  Vice-President  shall  be  of 
opposite  politics  to  the  President,  and  the  other  four  shall  be  divided 
equally  in  politics;  a  Secretary;  a  Director-General;  all  of  whom  shall 
hold  their  offices  at. the  pleasure  of  the  Commission,  and  the  Board  of 

319 


320  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

By-Laws.     Lady  Managers  authorized  by  Section  6  of  the  act  of  Congress,  of  the 
number  hereinafter  specified,  and  as  heretofore  fixed  by  the  Commission. 

ARTICLE  FIFTH. 

EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE. 

There  shall  be  an  Executive  Committee,  consisting  of  twenty-six 
members,  of  whom  the  President  shall  be  one,  and  ex-officio  Chairman, 
and  the  remaining  twenty-five  shall  be  by  him  appointed  in  accordance 
with  the  spirit  of  the  act  of  Congress.  The  said  Committee,  when  the 
Commission  is  not  in  session,  shall  have  all  the  powers  of  the  National 
Commission,  except  in  cases  in  which  the  act  of  Congress  requires  the 
action  of  the  Commission  or  a  majority  of  the  Commissioners.  A  majority 
of  its  members  shall  constitute  a  quorum,  and  the  Committee  may  make 
such  regulations  for  its  own  government  and  the  exercise  of  its  functions 
through  the  medium  of  such  Sub-Committees  as  it  may  consider  expedient. 
This  Committee  shall  select  such  employes  and  agents  as  may  be  neces- 
sary, shall  define  their  duties  and  fix  their  compensation:  Provided, 
however,  that  this  selection  shall  only  apply  to  such  employes  and  agents 
as  the  Director-General  is  not  expressly  authorized  to  select  and  appoint. 
They  shall  report  fully  all  their  transactions  to  the  Commission  at  its 
stated  and  special  meetings.  In  case  of  any  vacancy  in  the  Committee, 
the  same  shall  be  filled  by  appointment  by  the  President.  In  all  cases 
where  Commissioners  who  are  members  of  the  Executive  Committee  are 
absent,  their  alternates  are  directed  to  represent  them  on  that  Committee. 

ARTICLE  SIXTH. 

DUTIES  OF  THE  PRESIDENT. 

The  President  shall  preside  over  all  the  meetings  of  the  Commission, 
and  shall  apoint  all  committees,  unless  otherwise  directed  by  the  Com- 
mission, and  he  shall  have  all  the  powers  and  authority  incident  to  the 
office  of  President.  The  President  may,  and,  at  the  written  request  of  a 
majority  of  the  Executive  Committee  or  of  one-third  of  the  members  of 
the  Commission,  or  of  six  members  of  the  Board  of  Reference  and  Con- 
trol, shall,  call  a  meeting  of  the  Commission,  by  giving  each  member 
reasonable  notice  of  the  time  and  place  of  such  meeting. 

ARTICLE  SEVENTH. 

DUTIES  OF  THE  VICE-PRESIDENTS. 

The  Vice-Presidents  shall,  in  the  absence  of  the  President,  perform 
his  duties,  each  taking  precedence  in  numerical  order,  and,  if  all  the 
Vice-Presidents  be  absent,  the  Commission  shall  elect  a  temporary 
presiding  officer. 

ARTICLE  EIGHTH. 

DUTIES  OF   THE  SECRETARY. 

The  Secretary  shall  conduct  the  correspondence  of  the  Commission 
and  be  the  custodian  of  all  documents  and  records  relating  to  its  busi- 


The  By-Laws.  321 

ness.  He  shall  keep  a  full  and  accurate  record  of  its  proceedings  and  of  By-Laws, 
those  of  the  Executive  Committee,  and  of  those  of  the  Board  of  Refer- 
ence and  Control,  and  shall  make  report  of  same,  from  time  to  time,  as 
he  may  be  required.  He  shall  have  power  to  appoint  such  assistant 
secretaries  and  select  such  clerical  force  as  shall  be  necessary  properly  to 
conduct  the  business  of  the  Commission,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the 
Executive  Committee.  He  shall  keep  all  the  accounts  of  the  Commission 
and  certify  the  same  to  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  for  payment.  All 
papers,  accounts,  and  records  in  his  custody  shall  at  all  times  be  open  to 
inspection  on  the  demand  of  any  Commissioner. 

ARTICLE     NINTH. 

DUTIES    OF    THE    DIRECTOR-GENERAL. 

He  shall  exercise  such  supervision,  direction,  and  control  of  the  oper- 
ation of  the  "World's  Columbian  Exposition,"  within  the  domain  of  the 
powers  possessed  by  the  Commission,  as  will  tend  to  promote  theefficiency 
of  every  agency  employed.  He  shall  be  authorized  and  instructed  to  as- 
sume and  exercise  all  such  executive  powers  and  functions  as  shall  be 
necessary  to  secure  promptness,  efficiency,  and  good  faith  in  every  depart- 
ment of  the  work  within  the  purview  of  the  authority  of  this  Commission, 
and  shall  make  report  of  his  proceedings  to  the  Executive  Committee  at 
such  times  and  in  such  manner  as  shall  be  required  by  said  Committee, 
and  shall  in  all  matters  be  subject  to  the  direction  and  control  of  the  Ex- 
ecutive Committee.  It  shall  also  be  his  duty  and  privilege  to  attend  the 
meetings  of  any  of  the  standing  Committees  for  the  purpose  of  suggestion 
and  conference,  and  to  the  end  that  all  the  agencies  of  the  Commission 
may  be  rendered  more  efficient. 

The  Director-General  shall  have  the  power  to  appoint  chiefs  of  the 
several  great  departments,  subject  to  the  confirmation  of  the  National 
Commission  and  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Expo- 
sition, and  not  by  any  Committee  of  either  body. 

He  shall  fix  the  salaries  of  such  chiefs,  subject  to  the  approval  of 
the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

He  shall  have  power  to  appoint  all  subordinates  necessary  to  the 
proper  administration  of  the  several  departments,  and  to  fix  their  com- 
pensation. 

He  may  make  removals  for  cause,  of  any  and  all  officers  and  em- 
ployes appointed  by  him. 

He  may,  in  his  discretion  and  with  the  consent  of  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee, or  Board  of  Reference  and  Control  of  the  National  Commission, 
and  the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Local  Directory,  place  two  or  more 
of  the  great  departments  under  the  control  of  one  chief,  and  so  continue 
them  until  necessity  shall  require  independent  chiefs. 

He  shall  have  power  by  himself,  or  through  such  other  officer  or 
agent  as  he  may  select,  to  inspect  the  grounds  and  buildings  during  the 


World' 's  Columbian  Commission. 

By-Laws.  process  of  their  preparation  and  construction;  and  it  shall  be  his  duty% 
from  time  to  time,  to  give  information  in  relation  to  the  progress  of  the 
work  and  the  manner  of  its  performance  to  the  Executive  Committee  or 
the  Board  of  Reference  and  Control  of  this  Commission. 

The  Director-General  shall  have  power,  and  it  shall  be  his  duty,  to 
commission  ail  such  representatives  of  the  Exposition  as  shall  be  offi- 
cially authorized  to  promote  the  interests  thereof. 

The  expenses  of  the  Director-General's  immediate  office,  and  his 
clerk-hire,  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  Government  funds  appropriated  by  the 
i8th  Section  of  the  Act  of  Congress  for  paying  the  expenses  of  this  Com- 
mission and  other  contingent  expenses,  and  he  may  select  such  assistants 
and  clerks  as  may  be  necessary  to  enable  him  to  properly  discharge  the 
duties  of  his  office,  and  fix  their  salaries,  subject  to  the  approval  of  the 
Executive  Committee,  or  the  Board  of  Reference  and  Control,  of  this 
Commission. 

ARTICLE  TENTH. 

DEPARTMENTS    AND    STANDING    COMMITTEES. 

The  operations  of  the  Exposition  shall  be  conducted  and  carried  on 
through  the  medium  of  the  following  great  departments,  to  wit: 

A — Agriculture,  food  and  food  products,  farming  machinery  and 
appliances. 

B — Viticulture,  horticulture,  and  floriculture. 

C — Live-stock — Domestic  and  wild  animals. 

D — Fish,  fisheries,    fish   products,  and   apparatus  of  fishing. 

E — Mines,  mining,  and  metallurgy. 

F — Machinery. 

G — Transportation  exhibits — Railways,  vessels,  vehicles. 

H — Manufactures. 

J — Electricity  and  electrical  appliances. 

K — Fine  arts — Pictorial,  plastic,  and  decorative. 

L — Liberal  arts — Education,  engineering,  public  works,  architecture, 
music  and  the  drama. 

M — Ethnology,  archaeology,  progress  of  labor  and  invention;  iso- 
lated and  collective  exhibits. 

N — Forestry  and  forest  products. 

O — Publicity  and  promotion. 

P — Foreign  affairs. 

And  there  shall  also  be  the  following  Standing  Committees,  to  wit: 

COMMITTEE  ON  JUDICIARY,   RULES,  AND  BY-LAWS, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Whose  duty  shall  be  to  formulate  Rules  and  By-Laws  for  submission 
to  the  Commission,  and  to  report  on  all  such  matters  as  may  be  referred 
to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,,  or  its  Board  of  Ref- 
erence and  Control. 


The  By-Laws. 

COMMITTEE  ON  TARIFFS  AND  TRANSPORTATION, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  consideration  of  all  such  matters  relating  to  tariffs, 
bondage  and  releasing  of  goods,  and  the  transportation  of  goods,  as  may 
be  referred  to  it  by  the  National  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee, 
or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control,  in  conjunction  with  such  officers 
of  the  Treasury  Department  as  may  be  appointed. 
COMMITTEE  ON  FOREIGN  AFFAIRS, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  foreign 
exhibits  of  trie  Exposition  that  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  National 
Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and 
Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  LEGISLATION, 

consisting  of  the  Commissioners  and  alter- 
nates from  each  State,  Territory,  and  the  Dis- 
trict of  Columbia,  and  also  the  Commission- 
ers-at-Large  and  their  alternates, 

Which  shall  have  consideration  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the 
National,  State,  Territorial,  or  Municipal  legislation  affecting  this  Expo- 
sition. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FINE  ARTS, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  fine  arts  which 
may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or  its 
Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  SCIENCE,  HISTORY,  LITERATURE,  AND  EDUCATION, 
consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  subjects 
that  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee, 
or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  AGRICULTURE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  agriculture 
which  maybe  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee, 
or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  LIVE  STOCK, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  live-stock,  in- 
cluding domestic  animals,  poultry,  and  birds  of  all  varieties,  as  shall  be 
referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or  its  Board 
of  Reference  and  Control. 


324  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

COMMITTEE  ON  HORTICULTURE  AND  FLORICULTURE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  subjects 
that  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee, 
or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FINANCE, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  expendi- 
tures of  this  Commission  under  the  Act  of  Congress,  or  such  other 
matters  of  finance  as  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Exec- 
utive Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  AUDITING, 

consisting  of  four  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  examining  and  audiiing  all  paid  bills  and 
accounts  of  the  Commission;  and  this  Committee  may  hold  sessions  at 
the  call  of  its  Chairman  not  oftener  than  once  in  two  months. 

COMMITTEE  ON  CEREMONIES, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  the  inauguration 
of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  and  all  ceremonies  connected  from 
time  to  time  therewith. 

COMMITTEE  ON  CLASSIFICATION, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  subjects  pertaining  to  the  classifica- 
tion of  exhibits,  and  the  limitation  of  space  therefor,  as  may  be  referred 
to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Refer- 
ence and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MANUFACTURES, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  this  subject 
that  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee, 
or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  COMMERCE, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  commerce  that 
may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or  its 
Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MINES  AND  MINING, 

consisting  of  sixteen  Commissioners, 
Which  shall   have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  metallurgy, 


The  By-Laws.  325 

mines,  and  mining  processes,  as  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  By*Lawa 
its  Executive  Committee,  or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FISH,  FISHERIES,  AND  FISH  CULTURE, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  subjects 
as  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or 
its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE    ON    ELECTRICITY,    ELECTRICAL     AND    PNEUMATICAL 
APPLIANCES, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  subjects 
that  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee, 
or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MACHINERY, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  machinery  that 
may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or  its 
Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FORESTRY  AND  LUMBER, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  these  subjects 
as  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or 
its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  PRINTING, 

consisting  of  six  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  this  subject 
as  may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or 
its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON   PRESS, 

consisting  of  six  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  of  all  matters  pertaining  to  this  subject  as 
may  be  referred  to  it  by  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Committee,  or  its 
Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

COMMITTEE  ON  WORLD'S  CONGRESSES, 

consisting  of  eight  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  act  in  connection  with  the  Local  Directory  in  reference 
to  any  World's  Congress  that  may  desire  to  assemble  here  during  the 
Exposition. 

COMMITTEE  ON  GROUNDS  AND  BUILDINGS, 

consisting  of  six  Commissioners, 

Which  shall  have  charge  and  supervision  of  the  grounds  and  build- 
ings in  so  far  as  the  Commission  may  exercise  authority  over  the  same, 

22 


326  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

By-Laws,  and  shall  also  examine  and  report  to  the  Commission  as  to  the  provision 
made  by  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  for  such  buildings,  as  it  shall 
be  thereto  required,  by  the  order  of  the  Commission,  its  Executive  Com- 
mittee, or  its  Board  of  Reference  and  Control. 

Each  of  the  said  several  standing  committees,  hereinbefore  enumer- 
ated, shall  have  power  and  authority  to  investigate  from  time  to  time  the 
workings  of  the  several  gr.jat  departments,  respectively,  having  charge 
of  the  particular  subject,  or  subjects,  with  reference  to  which  each  such 
committee  was  created  ;  and  from  time  to  time  to  make  reports  and 
recommendations  respecting  the  same,  either  to  the  Board  of  Reference 
and  Control,  the  Executive  Committee,  or  to  the  Commission. 

ARTICLE   ELEVENTH. 

BOARD    OF    T.ADY    MANAGERS. 

The  Board  of  Lady  Managers  shall  consist  of  two  women  from  each 
State  and  Territory  and  the  District  of  Columbia,  to  be  nominated  by 

Commissioners  from  the  several  States  and  Territories   and   the   District 

•  % 

of  Columbia,  and  of  one  woman  to 'be  nominated  by  each  of  thr  Commis- 
sioners-at-Large,  and  to  be  appointed  by  the  President;  and  also  nine 
women  of  the  City  of  Chicago,  to  be  appointed  by  the  President,  as  has 
been  expressly  determined  by  the  order  of  the  Commission;  and  a  like 
number  of  alternates,  to  be  appointed  in  the  same  manner  as  the  prin- 
cipals, and  to  assume  the  duties  and  functions  of  such  principals  only 
when  the  principals  are  unable  to  attend.  Principals  and  alternates  shall 
be  duly  commissioned  in  accordance  with  the  direction  of  the  Commis- 
sion. The  Board  of  Lady  Managers  shall  be  convened  by  the  order  of 
the  Executive  Committee  of  the  Commission,  at  such  time  and  place 
as  it  may  deem  proper,  and,  when  so  convened,  shall  organize  by  the 
election  of  a  Chairman  and  Secretary.  The  duration  of  such  first  meet- 
ing, as  well  as  the  number  and  duration  of  each  subsequent  meeting, 
shall  be  wholly  under  the  control  and  be  determined  by  said  Executive 
Committee.  The  members  of  this  Board  shall  be  officers  of  the  Commis- 
sion, and  shall  perform  such  duties  in  connection  with  the  Woman's 
Department  of  the  Exposition  as  said  Executive  Committee  shall  pre- 
scribe. Each  member  of  the  Board  shall  be  entitled  to  receive  six  dol- 
lars per  day  for  each  day  necessarily  absent  from  home  engaged  in  the 
work  of  the  Commission,  and  also  the  expenses  for  transportation  actu- 
ally incurred  by  her  on  that  account.  The  alternates  shall  receive  no 
compensation  nor  expenses  for  transportation,  except  in  cases  where 
their  principals  are  unable  to  attend  to  the  duties  assigned  to  them.  No 
expenses  for  transportation  shall  be  allowed  except  the  travel  be  author- 
ized by  the  said  Executive  Committee  and  certified  accordingly. 
ARTICLE  TWELFTH. 

STATED     MEETINGS. 

There  shall  be  two  stated  meetings  of  the  Commission,  in  each  year 
during  the  existence  of  the  Commission,  to  be  held  on  the  first  Wednes- 


The  By-Laws.  3-27 

<day  of  April  and  on   the  first    Wednesday  in    September  in  each  year,  By-Laws, 
respectively,  commencing  with  the  first  Wednesday  of  April,  1891. 

ARTICLE  THIRTEENTH. 

SPECIAL    MEETINGS. 

Special  meetings  shall  be  held  upon  the  call  of  the  President,  and 
such  call  therefor  may  be  made  on  his  own  motion,  and  shall  be  made  at 
the  written  req  .est  of  the  Executive  Committee,  or  of  one-third  of  the 
members  of  the  Commission,  or  six  of  the  members  of  the  Board  of 
Reference  and  Control,  and  reasonable  notice,  and  the  time  and  place 
of  such  meeting,  shall  be  given  to  each  Commissioner. 

ARTICLE  FOURTEENTH. 

REPORTS    OF    DISBURSEMENTS. 

It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Secretary  of  this  Commission,  and  of  any 
and  all  other  officers  thereof  authorized  or  empowered  to  certify  any 
account  or  voucher  for  expenses  incurred  in  the  work  of  this  Commission, 
to  report  the  same  in  detail  at  least  once  each  month,  and  before  the  tenth 
day  thereof,  to  the  Executive  Committee,  or  to  the  Board  of  Reference 
.and  Control,  and  to  make  detailed  reports  of  the  same  to  this  Commission 
at  each  of  its  stated  or  special  meetings,  and  not  later  than  the  third  day 
of  each  meeting. 

ARTICLE   FIFTEENTH. 

SALARIES    OF    OFFICERS. 

Annual  salaries  shall  be  paid  to  the  President,  Secretary,  and  Director- 
General,  as  follows: 

To  the  President,  a  salary  of  $12,000. 

To  the  Secretary,  a  salary  of  $10,000. 

To  the  Director-General,  a  salary  of  $15,000. 

And  such  salaries  shall  commence  to  accrue  from  the  date  each  has 
assumed,  or  shall  assume,  the  duties  of  his  office. 

ARTICLE  SIXTEENTH. 

VICE-CHAIRMAN    OF    EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE. 

There  shall  be  also  an  officer  of  the  Commission,  designated  Vice- 
Chairman  of  the  Executive  Committee,  who  shall  perform  such  duties  as 
may  be  assigned  to  him  by  the  Commission  or  its  Executive  Committee, 
and  who  shall  receive  an  annual  salary  of  eight  thousand  dollars,  which 
shall  commence  to  accrue  from  the  date  of  assuming  the  duties  of  his 
office. 

ARTICLE    SEVENTEENTH. 

BOARD    OF    REFERENCE    AND    CONTROL. 

There  shall  be  a  Board,  to  be  designated  "  Board  of  Reference  and 
Control,"  to  consist  of  the  President  of  the  Commission,  the  Vice-Chair- 


328  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

man  of  the  Executive  Committee,  and  six  members  of  the  Commission, 
to  be  appointed  by  the  President,  upon  which  Board  are  conferred  all  the 
powers  and  duties  of  the  Commission,  when  the  said  Commission  and  its 
Executive  Committee  shall  not  be  in  session,  except  in  cases  in  which  the 
Act  of  Congress  requires  the  action  of  the  Commission,  or  of  a  majority 
of  the  Commissioners;  said  Board  of  Conference  and  Control,  with  a  like 
Committee  of  the  Directory  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition,  to  be 
appointed  by  the  President  thereof,  shall  constitute  a  Committee  of  Con- 
ference to  which  shall  be  referred  all  matters  of  difference,  and  the  joint 
action  of  the  two  Boards,  constituting  the  Joint  Committee  on  such  mat- 
ters of  difference,  shall  be  conclusive.  The  said  Board  of  Conference 
and  Control  shall  keep  accurate  records  of  all  its  proceedings,  and  make 
full  reports  of  the  same  to  the  Commission  at  each  session  thereof,  within 
the  first  two  days  of  the  session. 

ARTICLE    EIGHTEENTH. 

EMPLOYMENT    OF    COMMISSIONERS. 

No  Commissioner  shall  demand  or  receive  for  any  service  rendered 
as  chief  of,  or  subordinate  employe  in,  any  of  the  great  departments, 
any  sum  of  money,  except  such  us  he  may  be  entitled  to  demand  and 
receive  under  the  provisions  made  by  the  Act  of  Congress  for  the'tians- 
portation  and  subsistence  of  the  members  of  this  Commission;  and  no 
member  of  this  Commission  shall  accept  any  office  created  by  the  local 
Illinois  corporation  to  which  a  salary  is  attached,  nor  shall  he  accept  any 
office  to  be  hereafter  created  by  this  Commission  to  which  a  salary  is 
attached. 

ARTICLE  NINETEENTH. 

THE    OFFICIAL    SEAL. 

There  shall  be  an  official  seal  of  the  Commission,  circular  in  form, 
with  the  following  devices  thereon,  viz.,  around  the  margin  thereof  the 
words : 

'"World's  Columbian  Commission,  created  by  Act  of  Congress  of  the 
United  States  of  America,  organized  1890." 

In  the  center  a  vignette  composed  as  follows: 

In  the  top  of  the  circle  the  eagle,  copied  from  our  National  coat  of 
arms,  perched  upon  the  figure  of  a  globe,  and  below  it  a  section  of  the 
well-known  picture  of  the  landing  of  Columbus,  showing  the  prow  of  the 
boat. 

ARTICLE  TWENTIETH. 

AMENDMENTS. 

Amendments  shall  only  be  made  by  a  two-thirds  vote  of  the  Com- 
missioners present;  and  all  propositions  to  alter  or  amend  shall  be  re- 
ferred to  the  Committee  on  Rules,  By-Laws,  and  Regulations,  and  be  by 
it  considered  before  any  final  action  thereon  by  the  Commission. 


STANDING    COMMITTEES 


OF    THE 


World's  Columbian  Commission 


EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE.  standing 

Commit- 
tees. 
President  T.  W.  Palmer,  Michigan,  Chairman. 

James  A.  McKenzie,  Kentucky,  Vice-Chairman. 

John  T.  Dickinson,  Texas,  Secretary. 

A.  B.  Hurt,  Tennessee,  Ass't  Secretary. 

M.  L.  McDonald,  Commissioner-at-Large.  M.  B.  Harrison,  Minnesota. 
R.  C.  Kerens,  Commissioner-at-Large.        James  D.  Butt,  West  Virginia. 
Henry  Exall,  Commissioner-at-Large.         Adlai  T.  Ewiug,  Illinois. 
P.  A.  B.  Widener,  Commissioner-at-Large  William  F.  King,  Iowa. 
John  T.  Harris,  Virginia.  H.  P.  Plntt,  Ohio. 

William  J.  Sewell,  New  Jersey.  ,    I>.  McLaws.  Georgia. 

B.  B.  Smaller,  Vermont.  T.  L.  Willi  ms,  Tennessee. 

E.  B.  Martindale,  Indiana.  Joseph  Hirst,  Florida. 

John  Boyd  Thacher,  New  York.  R.  L.  Saunders,  Mississippi. 

Francis  W.  Breed,  Massachusetts.  L.  H.  Hershfield,  Montana. 

Euclid  Martin,  Nebraska.  R.  E.  Goodell,  Colorado. 

Reese  R.  Price,  Kansas.  A.  T.  Britton,  District  of  Columbia. 

COMMITTEE  ox  JUDICIARY,  RULES,  AXD  BY-LAWS. 

William  Lindsay,  Kentucky,  Commissioner-at-Large,  Chairman. 
G.  V.  Massey,  Delaware,  Acting  Secretary. 

J.  W.  St.  Clair,  West  Virginia.  L.  Gregg,  Arkansas. 

William  J.  Sewell,  New  Jersey.  O.  R.  Hundley,  Alabama. 

B.  B.  Smalley,  Vermont.  P.  Allen,  Jr.,  Wisconsin. 

COMMITTEE  ON  TARIFFS  AND  TRANSPORTATION. 

V.  D.  Groner,  Virginia,  Chairman. 
H.  P.  Rucker,  North  Dakota,  Secretary. 

W.  Aiken,  New  Hampshire.  L.  Lowndes,  Maryland. 

C.  M.  Depew,  New  York.  O.  R.  Hundley,  Alabama. 
W.  McClelland,  Pennsylvania.  J.  AV.  Haiues,  Nevada. 
M.  H.  Lane,  Michigan.  G.  C.  Sims,  Rhode  Island. 
J.  D.  Adams,  Arkansas.  H.  H.  Mclntyre,  Vermont. 
L.  Brainard,  Connecticut.  T.  C.  Gutierres.  New  Mexico. 
A.  B.  Andrews,  North  Carolina.  Euclid  Martin,  Nebraska. 

329 


330  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FOREIGN  AFFAIRS. 

C.  M.  Depew,  New  York,  Chairman. 

G.  V.  Massey,  Delaware,  Acting  Secretary. 

J.  Allison  Bo  wen,  Assistant  Secretary. 

Thomas  M.  Waller,  Connecticut.  C.  H.  Way,  Georgia. 

A.  A.  Wilson,  District  of  Columbia.  M.  H.  Lane,  Michigan. 

R.  C.  Kerens,  Commissioner-at-Large.         D.  B.  Penn,  Louisiana. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FINE  ARTS. 

A.  G.  Bullock,  Commissioner-at-Large,  Chai  man.  • 

— ,  Secretary. 

C.  M.  Depew,  New  York.  W.  I.  Buchanan,  Iowa. 

A.  A.  Wilson,  District  of  Columbia.  M.  H.  de  Young,  California. 

O.  V.  Tousley,  Minnesota.  James  Hodges,  Maryland. 

T.  J.  Woodward,  Louisiana. 

COMMITTEE  ON  SCIENCE,  HISTORY,  LITERATURE,  AND  EDUCATION. 

O.  V.  Tousley,  Minnesota,  Chairman. 

,  Secretary. 

A.  C.  Beckwith,  Wyoming.  T.  J.  Woodward,  Louisiana. 

F.  G.  Bromberg,  Alabama.  A.  G.  Bullock,  Commissioner-at-Large. 

C.  H.  Jones,  Missouri.  W.  F.  King,  Iowa. 

J.  A.  McKenzie,  Kentucky. 

COMMITTEE  ON  AGRICULTURE, 

W.  I.  Buchanan,  Iowa,  Chairman. 

,  Secretary. 

L.  T.  Baxter,  Tennessee.  A.  P.  Butler,  South  Carolina. 

R.  Turnbull,  Florida.  A.  G.  Scott,  Nebraska. 

A.  M.  Cochran,  Texas.  O.  Beeson,  Oklahoma. 

J.  L.  Mitchell,  Wisconsin.  H.  H.  Mclntyre,  Vermont. 

J.  W.  Haines,  Nevada.  J.  D.  Adams,  Arkansas. 

D.  B.  Penn,  Louisiana.  M.  Wilkins,  Oregon. 

J.  M.  Bynum,  Mississippi.  William  Forsyth,  California. 

F.  J.  V.  Skiff,  Colorado. 

COMMITTEE  ON  LIVE  STOCK. 

J.  L.  Mitchell,  Wisconsin,  Chairman. 

H.  P.  Rucker,  North  Dakota.  Secretary. 

John  Bennett,  Kentucky.  T.  C.  Gutierres,  New  Mexico. 

T.  E.  Proctor,  Massachusetts.  H.  Exall,  Commissioner-at-Large. 

G.  A.  Manning,  Idaho.  L.  T.  Baxter,  Tennessee. 
G.  Russell,  Nevada.  A.  H.  Mitchell,  Montana. 

E.  B.  Martindale,  Indiana.  W.  Mclntyre,  South  Dakota. 
H.  Drum,  Washington.  A.  T.  Ewing,  Illinois. 

J.  D   Miles,  Oklahoma.  H.  G.  Hay,  Wyoming. 


Standing   Committees.  331 

COMMITTEE  ON  HORTICULTURE  AND  FLORICULTURE. 

W.  Forsyth,  California,  Chairman. 

Willard  Hall  Porter,  Delaware,  Secretary, 

G.  A.  Manning,  Idaho.  R.  Turnbull,  Florida. 

C.  D.  McDuffie,  New  Hampshire.  J.  W.  Woodside,  Pennsylvania. 

T.  E.  Garvin,  Indiana.  C.  H.  Richmond,  Michigan. 

F.  J.  V.  Skiff,  Colorado.  J.  R.  Cochran,  South  Carolina. 

W.  Zeckendorf,  Arizona.  J.  Hodges,  Maryland. 

A.  R.  Bixby,  Maine.  C.  H.  Deere,  Illinois. 

P.  Allen,  Jr.,  Wisconsin.  F.  J.  Kiesel,  Utah. 

•  COMMITTEE  ON  FINANCE. 

Charles  H.  Jones,  Missouri,  Chairman. 

H.  H.  Mclntyre,  Vermont,  Secretary. 

L.  H.  Hershfield,  Montana.  A.  B.  Andrews,  North  Carolina. 

James  Hodges,  Maryland.  A.  R.  Bixby,  Maine. 

P.  H.  Lannan,  Utah.  J.  T.  Harris,  Virginia. 

COMMITTEE  ON  AUDITING. 

T.  E.  Garvin,  Indiana,  Chairman. 
P.  Allen,  Jr.,  Wisconsin,  Secretary. 
C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  Kansas.  J.  D.  Butt,  West  Virginia. 

COMMITTEE  ON  CEREMONIES. 

P.  A.  B.  Widener,  Commissioner-at-Large,  Chairman. 
Edward  C.  Culp,  Kansas,  Secretary. 

J.  D.  Adams,  Arkansas.  C.  H.  Richmond,  Michigan. 

William  Lindsay,  Commissioner-at-Large.  G.  W.  Allen,  Commissioner-at-Large. 
V.  D.  Groner,  Virginia.  M.  B.  Harrison,  Minnesota. 

R.  C.  Kerens,  Commissioner-at-Large. 

COMMITTEE  ON  CLASSIFICATION. 

C.  H.  Deere,  Illinois,  Chairman. 

W.  McClelland,  Pennsylvania,  Secretary. 

L.  B.  Goff,  Rhode  Island.  C.  H.  Way,  Georgia. 

M.  Ryan,  North  Dakota.  J.  D.  Miles,  Oklahoma. 

M.  H.  de  Young,  California.  H.  P.  Platt,  Ohio. 

T.  L.  Williams,  Tennessee.  G.  F.  Coats,  Arizona. 

A.  M.  Cochran,  Texas.  A.  C.  Beck  with,  Wyoming. 

T.  Smith,  New  Jersey.  J.  Hirst,  Florida. 

T.  B.  Keogh,  North  Carolina.  T.  E.  Garvin,  Indiana. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MANUFACTURES. 

L.  Brainard.  Connecticut,  Chairman. 

Willard  Hall  Porter,  Delaware,  Secretary. 
T.  E.  Proctor,  Massachusetts.  W.  Ritchie,  Ohio. 

T.  B.  Bullene,  Missouri.  G.  C.  Sims,  Rhode  Island. 

W.  McClelland,  Pennsylvania.  L.  McLaws,  Georgia. 

R.  M.  White,  New  Mexico.  W.  Aiken,  New  Hampshire. 

C.  H.  D<_ere,  Illinois.  J.  M.  Bynum,  Mississippi. 

T.  Smith,  New  Jersey.  F.  J.  Kiesel,  Utah. 

William  Mclntyre,  South  Dakota.  W.  Zeckendorf,  Arizona. 


332 


World's  Columbian  Commission. 


Standing 
Commit- 


COMMITTEE  ON  COMMERCE. 
L.  Lowndes,  Maryland,  Chairman. 
,  Secretary. 


J.  B.  Thacher,  New  York. 
J.  M.  Bynum,  Mississippi. 
T.  M.  Waller,  Connecticut. 
L.  B.  Goff,  Rhode  Island. 
T.  E.  Proctor,  Massachusetts. 
M.  Wilkins,  Oregon. 
R.  Turnbull,  Florida. 


C.  H. 


George  V.  Massey,  Delaware. 
H.  Exall,  Commissioner  at-Large. 
J.  R.  Cochran,  South  Carolina. 
H.  P.  Platt,  Ohio. 
T.  J.  Woodward,  Louisiana. 
H.  Drum,  Washington. 
C.  D.  McDuffie,  New  Hampshire. 
Way,  Georgia. 


COMMITTEE  ON  MINES  AND  MINING. 

F.  J.  V.  Skiff,  Colorado,  Chairman. 

Rush  Strong,  Tennessee,  Secretary. 

M.  H.  Day,  South  Dakota.  F.  G.  Bromberg,  Alabama. 

L.  T.  Baxter,  Tennessee.  J.  E.  Stearns,  Idaho. 

J.  W.  St.  Glair,  West  Virginia.  G.  F.  Coats,  Arizona. 

J.  W.  Woodside,  Pennsylvania.  C.  H.  Richmond,  Michigan. 

A.  H.  Mitchell,  Montana.  P.  H.  Lannan,  Utah. 

L.  Lowndes,  Maryland.  H.  Drum,  Washington. 

G.  Russell,  Nevada.  R.  M.  White,  New  Mexico. 

M.  L.  McDonald,  Commissioner-at-Large. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FISHERIES  AND  FISH  CULTURE. 

A.  R.  Bixby,  Maine,  Chairman. 

R.  E.  Goodell,  Colorado,  Secretary. 

A.  P.  Butler,  South  Carolina.  C.  B.  Hopkins,  Washington. 

W.  J.  Sewell,  New  Jersey.  R.  L.  Saunders,  Mississippi. 

H.  Klippel,  Oregon.  M.  H.  Lane,  Michigan. 

COMMITTEE  ON  ELECTRICITY,  ELECTRICAL  AND  PNEUMATICAL  APPLIANCES. 

G.  C.  Sims,  Rhode  Island,  Chairman. 

Martin  Ryan,  North  Dakota,  Secretary. 

C.  B.  Hopkins,  Washington.  W.  G.  Davis,  Maine. 

G.  W.  Allen,  Commissioner-at-Large.          F.  W.  Breed,  Massachusetts. 
R.  R.  Price,  Kansas.  O.  R.  Hundley,  Alabama. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FORESTRY  AND  LUMBER. 

J.  W.  St.  Clair,  West  Virginia,  Chairman. 

,  Secretary. 

R.  M.  White,  New  Mexico.  H.  Klippel,  Oregon. 

W.  G.  Davis,  Maine.  L.  Gregg,  Arkansas. 

A.  G.  Scott,  Nebraska.  R.  L.  Saunders,  Mississippi. 

H.  G.  Hay,  Wyoming. 

COMMITTEE  ON  MACHINERY. 
William  Ritchie,  Ohio,  Chairman. 
Willavd  Hall  Porter,  Delaware,  Secretary. 


John  Bennett,  Kentucky. 
W.  Forsyth,  California. 
O.  Beeson,  Oklahoma. 


L.  B.  Goff,  Rhode  Island. 
M.  H.  Day,  South  Dakota. 
T.  B.  Bullene,  Missouri. 


Standing  Committees.  333 

COMMITTEE  ON  WORLD'S  CONGRESSES.  standing 

Commit 

J.  W.  Woodside,  Pennsylvania,  Chairman. 
,  Secretary. 

C.  H.  Jones,  Missouri.  F.  G.  Bromberg,  Alabama. 

John  Bennett,  Kentucky.  J.  B.  Thacher,  New  York. 

A.  A.  Wilson,  District  of  Columbia.  O.  V.  Tousley,  Minnesota. 

B.  B.  Smalley,  Vermont. 

COMMITTEE  ON  PRINTING. 

C.  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  Kansas,  Chairman. 

P.  H.  Lannan,  Utah,  Secretary. 

T.  B  *Keogh,  North  Carolina.  J.  E.  Stearns,  Idaho. 

J .  T.  Harris,  Virginia.  T.  B.  Bullene,  Missouri. 

COMMITTEE  ON  GROUNDS  AND  BUILDINGS. 

E.  B.  Martindale,  Indiana,  Chairman. 

,  Secretary. 

R.  M.  White,  New  Mexico.  Mark  L.  McDonald,  California. 

T.  Smith,  New  Jersey.  M.  H.  Lane,  Michigan. 

J.  T.  Harris,  Virginia. 


Board  of  Reference  and  Control, 


World's  Columbian  Commission. 

THOMAS  W.  PALMER,  of  Michigan,  President. 

JAMES  A.  MCKENZIE,  of  Kentucky,  Vice-Chairman  Executive  Committee, 

GEORGE  V.  MASSEY,  of  Delaware. 

WILLIAM  LINDSAY,  of  Kentucky. 

MICHEL  H.  DE  YOUNG,  of  California. 

THOMAS  M.  WALLER,  of  Connecticut. 

ELIJAH  B.  MARTINDALE,  of  Indiana. 

J.  W.  St.  CLAIR,  of  West  Virginia. 


JOHN  T.  DICKINSON,  of  Texas,  Secretary. 


World's  Columbian  Exposition. 


LYMAN  J.  GAGE,  President. 
THOMAS  B.  BRYAN. 
POTTER  PALMER. 
FERD.  W    PECK. 
EDWARD  T.  JEFFERY. 
EDWIN  WALKER. 
FREDERICK  S.  WINSTON. 
DE  WITT  C.  CREGIER. 


BENJAMIN  BUTTERWORTH,  Secretary. 


334 


ALPHABETICAL    LIST 


OF 


Commissioners  and  Their  Committees. 


ADAMS,  J.  D.,  Arkansas,  D. 

Tariffs  and  Transportation;  Agriculture;  Ceremonies.  Commis- 

sioners 

AIKEX,  W.,  New  Hampshire,  D.  Commit' 

Tariffs  and  Transportation;  Manufactures. 
ALLEN,  G.  W.,  New  York,  R.,  4th  Vice-President  of  the  Commission. 

Ceremonies;  Electricity. 

ALLEN,  Jr.,  P.,  Wisconsin,  R. 

Judiciary;   Rules  and   By-Laws;   Horticulture   and    Floriculture;    Auditing, 

Secretary. 
ANDREWS,  A.  B.,  North  Carolina,  I).,  5th  Vice-President  of  the  Commission. 

Tariffs  and  Transportation;  Finance. 

BAXTER,  L.  T.,  Tennessee,  R. 

Agriculture;  Live  Stock;  Mines  and  Mining. 

BECKWITH,  A,  C.,  Wyoming,  D. 

Science,  History,  Literature,  and  Education;  Classification. 

BEESON,  O.,  Oklahoma,  D. 

Agriculture,  Machinery. 

BENNETT.  J.,  Kentucky,  R. 

Live  Stock;  Machinery;  World's  Congresses. 

BIXBY,  A.  R.,  Maine,  R. 

Horticulture  and  Floriculture;  Finance;  Fisheries;  Chairman. 

BRAINARD,  L.,  Connecticut,  R. 

Tariffs  and  Transportation;  Manufactures,  Chairman. 

BREED,  F.  W.,  Massachusetts,  R. 
Executive;  Electricity. 

BRITTON,  A.  T.,  District  of  Columbia,  R. 
Executive. 

BROMBERG,  F.  G.,  Alabama,  R. 

Science,  History,  Literature,  and  Education;  Mines  and  Mining;  World's  Con- 
gresses. 

BUCHANAN,  W.  L,  Iowa,  D. 

Fine  Arts;  Agriculture,  Chairman. 

335 


336  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

Coinmis-      BuLLENE,  T.  B.,  Missouri,  R. 
and  their  Manufactures;  Machinery;  Printing. 

Comrnit- 

BULLOCK,  A.  G.,  Massachusetts,  D. 

Science,  History,  Literature,  and  Education;  Fine  Arts;  Chairman. 
BUTLER,  A.  P.,  South  Carolina,  J). 

Agriculture;  Fisheries. 
BUTT,  JAMES  D. ,  West  Virginia,  R. 

Executive;  Auditing. 
BYNUM,  J.  M. ,  Mississippi,  R. 

Agriculture;  Manufactures;  Commerce. 
COATS,  G   F.,  Arizona,  R. 

Classification;  Mines  and  Mining. 
COCHRAN,  A.  M.,  Texas,  R. 

Agriculture;  Classification.     • 
COCHRAN,  J.  R.,  South  Carolina,  R. 

Horticulture  and  Floriculture;  Commerce. 
DAVIS,  W.  G.,  Maine,  D. 

Electricity;  Forestry  and  Lumber. 
DAY,  M.  H.,  South  Dakota,  D.  , 

Mines  and  Mining;  Machinery. 
DEERE,  C.  H.,  Illinois,  R. 

Horticulture  and  Floriculture;  Manufactures;  Classification,  Chairman. 
DEPEW,  CHAUNCEY  M.,  New  York,  R. 

Tariffs  and  Transportation;  Fine  Arts;  Foreign  Affairs,   Chairman. 

DE  YOUNG  M.  H.,  California,  R.,  2d  Vice-President  of  the  Commission. 

Fine  Arts;  Classification;  Reference  and  Control. 
DICKINSON,  JOHN  T.,  Texas,  D.,  Secretary  of  the  Commission. 

Executive  Committee,  Secretary,  and  Board  of  Reference  and  Control,  Secretary. 
DRUM,  H.,  Washington,  D. 

Livestock;  Commerce;  Mines  and  Mining. 
EWING,  A.  T.,  Illinois,  D. 

Executive ;  Live  Stock. 
EXALL,  H.,  Texas,  .D. 

Executive;  Live  Stock;  Commerce. 
FORSYTH,  W.,  California,  D. 

Agriculture;  Machinery;  Horticulture  and  Floriculture,  Chairman. 
GARVIN,  T.  E.,  Indiana,  D. 

Horticulture  and  Floriculture;  Classification;  Auditing,  Chairman. 
GOFF,  L.  B.,  Rhode  Island,  R. 

Classification;  Commerce;  Machinery. 
GOODELL,  R.  E.,  Colorado,  D. 

Executive;  Fisheries,  Secretary. 
GREGG,  L.,  Arkansas,  R. 

Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws;  Forestry  and  Lumber. 
GRONER,  V.  D.,  Virginia,  R. 

Ceremonies;  Tariffs  and  Transportation,  Chairman. 
GUTIERRES,  T.  C.,  New  Mexico,  D. 

Tariffs  and  Transportation;  Live  Stock. 


Commissioners  and  their  Committees.  337 

HAINES,  J.  "W.,  Nevada,  R.  Commis- 

Tariffs  and  Transportation;  Agriculture. 


Commit- 

HARRIS,  J.  T.,  Virginia,  I). 

Executive;  Finance;  Printing;  Grounds  and  Buildings. 

Harrison,  M.  B.,  Minnesota,  D. 
Executive;  Ceremonies. 

Hay,  H.  G.,  Wyoming,  R. 

Live  Stock;  Forestry  and  Lumber. 

Hershfield,  L.  H.,  Montana,  R. 
Executive;  Finance. 

Hirst,  J.,  Florida,  R. 

Executive;  Classification. 

Hodges  J.,  Maryland,  D. 

Fine  Arts,  Horticulture  and  Floriculture;  Finance. 
Holliclay,  Jr.,  C.  K  ,  Kansas,  D. 

Auditing,  Printing,   Chairman. 
HOPKINS,  C.  B.,  Washington,  R. 

Fisheries;  Electricity. 
HUNDLEY,  O.  R  ,  Alabama,  D. 

Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws;  Tariffs  and  Transportation;  Electricity. 
JONES,  C.  H.,  Missouri,  D. 

Science,  History,   Literature,  and  Education;   World's  Congresses;  Finance, 
Chairman. 

KERENS,  R.  C.,  Missouri,  R. 

Executive;  Foreign  Affairs;  Ceremonies. 
KEOGII,  T.  B.,  North  Carolina,  R. 

Classification;  Printing. 

KIESEL.  F.  J.,  Utah,  D. 

Horticulture  and  Floriculture;  Manufactures. 
KING,  W.  F.,  Iowa,  R. 

Executive;  Science,  History,  Literature,  and  Education. 
KLIPPEL,  H.,  Oregon,  D. 

Fisheries;  Forestry  and  Lumber. 
LANE,  M.  H.,  Michigan,  R. 

Tariffs  and  Transportation;  Foreign  Affairs;  Fisheries;  Grounds  and  Buildings. 
LANKAN,  P.  H.,  Utah,  R. 

Finance;  Mines  and  Mining;  Printing,  Secretary. 
LINDSAY,  W.,  Kentucky,  D. 

Ceremonies;  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws,  Chairman;  Reference  and  Control. 
LOWNDES,  L.,  Maryland,  R. 

Tariffs  and  Transportation;  Mines  and  Mining;  Commerce,  Chairman. 
MCCLELLAND,  W.,  Pennsylvania,  D. 

Tariffs  and  Transportation;  Manufactures;  Classification,  Secretary. 
MCDONALD,  M.  L.  ,  California,  D. 

Executive;  Mines  and  Mining;  Grounds  and  Buildings. 
McDuFFiE,  C.  D.,  New  Hampshire,  R. 

Horticulture  and  Floriculture;  Commerce. 


338  World's   Columbian,   Commission. 

Commis-       MclNTYRE,  H.  H.,  Yermont,  R. 

and  their  Tariffs  and  Transportation;  Agriculture;  Finance,  Secretary. 

Commit- 

MclNTYRE,  W.,  South  Dakota,  R. 

Live  Stock;  Manufactures. 
MCKENZIE,  J.  A.,  Kentucky,  D. 

Science,  History,  Literature,  and  Education;  Executive,  Vice- Chairman-,  Refer- 
ence and  Control. 
McLAWs,  L.,  Georgia,  R. 

Executive;  Manufactures. 
MANNING,  G.  A.,  Idaho,  R. 

Live  Stock;  Horticulture  and  Floriculture. 
MARTIN,  EUCLID,  Nebraska,  D. 

Executive;  Tariffs  and  Transportation. 
MARTINDALE,  E.  B.,  Indiana,  R. 

Executive;  Live  Stock;    Grounds  and  Buildings,    Chairman;    Reference  and 

Control. 
MASSEY,  G.  V.,  Delaware,  R. 

Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws,  Acting  Secretary;  Foreign  Affairs  Acting  Secre- 
tary; Commerce;  Reference  and  Control. 
MILES,  J.  D.,  Oklahoma,  R. 

Live  Stock;  Classification. 
MITCHELL,  A.  II.,  Montana,  D. 

Live  Stock;  Mines  and  Mining. 
MITCHELL,  J.  L.,  Wisconsin,  D. 

Agriculture,  Chairman;  Live  Stock,  Chairman. 
PALMER,  T.  W.,  Michigan,  R.,  President  of  the  Commission. 

Executive,  Chairman;  Reference  and  Control,  Chairman. 
PENN,  D.  B.,  Louisiana,  D.,  3d  Vice-President  of  the  Commission. 

Foreign  Affairs;  Agriculture. 
PLATT,  H.  P.,  Ohio,  D. 

Executive;  Commerce;  Classification. 
PORTER,  W.  II.,  Delaware,  D. 

Horticulture  and  Floriculture;  Manufactures,  Secretary ;  Machinery. 
PRICE,  R.  R.,  Kansas,  R. 

Executive;  Electricity. 
PROCTOR,  T.  E.,  Massachusetts,  D. 

Live  Stock;  Manufactures;  Commerce. 
RICHMOND,  C.  II.,  Michigan,  D. 

Horticulture  and  Floriculture;  Ceremonies;  Mines  and  Mining. 
RITCHIE,  W.,  Ohio,  R. 

Manufactures;  Machinery,  Chairman. 
RUCKER,  H.  P.,  North  Dakota,  R. 

Tariffs  and  Transportation,  Secretary;  Live  Stock,  Secretary. 
RUSSELL,  G.,  Nevada,  D. 

Live  Stock;  Mines  and  Mining. 
RYAN,  M.,  North  Dakota,  D. 

Classification;  Electricity,  Secretary. 
ST.  CLAIR,  J.  W.,  We-t  Virginia,  D. 

Judiciary,  Rules,  and   By-L'iws;   Mines  and   Mining;   Forestry  and   Lumber, 
Chairman;  Reference  and  Control. 


Commissioners  and  their  Committees.  339 

SAUNDERS,  R.  L.,  Mississippi,  D  commis 

Executive;  Fisheries;  Forestry  and  Lumber.  amuheii 

Commit- 

SCOTT,  A.  G.,  Nebraska,  R. 

Agriculture;  Forestry  and  Lumber. 

SEWELL,  W.  J.,  New  Jersey,  R. 

Executive;  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws;  Fisheries. 

SIMS,  G.  C.,  Rhode  Island,  D. 

Tariffs  and  Transportation ;  Manufactures;  Electricity,  Chairman. 
SKIFF,  F.  J.  V.,  Colorado,  R. 

Agriculture;  Horticulture  and  Floriculture;  Mines  and  Mining,    Chairman, 

Smalley,  B.  B.,  Vermont,  D. 

Executive;  Judiciary,  Rules,  and  By-Laws;  World's  Congresses. 
Smith,  T£.,  New  Jersey,  D. 

Classification;  Manufactures;  Grounds  and  Buildings. 
Stearns,  J.  E.,  Idaho,  D. 

Mines  and  Mining;  Printing. 

Thacher,  J.  B.,  New  York,  D. 

Executive;  Commerce;  World's  Congresses. 
Tousley,  O.  V.,  Minnesota,  R. 

Fine  Arts;  World's  Congresses;  Science,  History,  Literature,  and  Education, 
Chairman. 

TURNBULL,  R.,  Florida,  D. 

Agriculture;  Horticulture  and  Floriculture;  Commerce. 

WALLER,  T.  M.,  Connecticut,  D.     1st  Vice-President  of  the  Commission. 

Foreign  Affairs;  Commerce  •  Reference  and  Control. 
WAY,  C.  H.,  Georgia,  D. 

Foreign  Affairs;  Classification;  Commerce. 
WHITE,  R.  M.,  New  Mexico,  R. 

Mines  and  Mining;    Manufactures;  Forestry    and    Lumber;    Grounds    and 
Buildings. 

WIDENER,  P   A.  B.,  Pennsylvania,  R. 

Executive;  Ceremonies,  Chairman. 
WILKINS,  M.,  Oregon,  R. 

Agriculture;   Commerce. 
WILLIAMS,  T.  L.,  Tennessee,  D. 

Executive;  Classification. 
WILSON,  A.  A.,  District  of  Columbia,  D. 

Foreign  Affairs;  Fine  Arts;  World's  Congresses. 
WOODSIDE,  J.  W.,  Pennsylvania,  R. 

Horticulture  and  Floriculture  ;     Mines    and    Mining ;     World's    Congresses, 

Cliairman. 
WOODWARD,  T.  J.,  Louisiana,  R. 

Fine  Arts;  Science,  History,  Literature,  and  Education,  Commerce. 
ZECKENDORF,  W.,  Arizona,  D. 

Horticulture  and  Floriculture;  Manufactures. 


The  World's  Columbian  Commission. 


List  of  Officers,  Commissioners,  and  Alternates. 


and  Alter- 
President,  nates. 


THOMAS  W.  PALMER,  of  Michigan,  R. 

1st  Vice-  President, 
THOS.  M.  WALLER,  of  Connecticut,  D. 

2d  Vice-  President, 
M.  H.  DE  YOUNG,  of  California,  R. 

M  Vice-President, 
DAVIDSON  B.  PENN,  of  Louisiana,  D. 

4t7i  Vice-  President, 
GORTON  W.  ALLEN,  of  New  York,  R. 

5£/4  Vice-  President, 
ALEXANDER  B.  ANDREWS,  of  North  Carolina,  D. 

Secretary, 
JOHN  T.  DICKINSON,  of  Texas,  D. 


Director-General,   World's  Columbian  Exposition, 
GEORGE  R.  DAVIS,  of  Illinois,  R. 


Vice- Chairman  Executive  Committee, 
JAMES  A.  McKENziE,  of  Kentucky,  D. 


COMMISSIONERS- AT-LARGE. 

Commissioners.  Alternates . 

Augustus  G.  Bullock,  D.  Henry  Ingalls, 

Worcester,  Mass.  Wiscasset,  Me. 

Gorton  W.  Allen,  R.  Louis  Fitzgerald, 

Auburn,  N.  Y.  New  York,  N.  Y. 

Peter  A.  B.  Widener,  R.  John  W.  Chalfant, 

Philadelphia,  Pa.  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

Thomas  W.  Palmer,  R.  James  Oliver, 

Detroit,  Mich.  South  Bend,  Ind. 

Richard  C.  Kerens,  R.  R.  W.  Furnas, 

St.  Louis,  Mo.  Brownvillc,  Neb. 

William  Lindsay,  D.  Patrick  Walsh, 

Frankfort,  Ky.  Augusta,  Ga. 

Henry  Exall,  D.  H.  C.  King, 

Dallas,  Tex.  San  Antonio,  Tex. 

Mark  L.  McDonald,  Z>.  Thomas  Burke, 

Santa  Rosa,  Cal.  Seattle,  Wash. 

23  341 


342 


World's   Columbian   Commission. 


List  of  Com- 
missioners 
and  Alter- 
nates. 


COMMISSIONERS  OF  THE  DISTRICT  OF  COLUMBIA. 

Alternates. 
E.  Kurtz  Johnson, 


Commissioners. 
Alexander  T.  Britton,  R. 

Washington. 
Albert  A.  Wilson,  D. 

Washington. 


Washington. 
Dorsey  Clagett, 

Washington. 


COMMISSIONERS   OF  THE   STATES. 


ALABAMA. 


Commissioners. 
Frederick  G.  Bromberg,  R. 

Mobile. 
Oscar  R.  Hundley,  D. 

Huntsville. 


John  D.  Adams,  D. 

Little  Rock. 
Lafayette  Gregg,    R. 

Fayetteville. 


Michel  H.  de  Young,  R. 

San  Francisco. 
William  Forsyth,  D. 

Fresno. 


RoswellE.  Goodell,  D. 

Leadville. 
Frederick  J.  V.  Skiff,  R. 

Denver. 


Leverett  Brainard,  R. 

Hartford. 

*  Thomas  M.  Waller,  D. 
New  London. 


George  V.  Massey,  R. 

Dover. 
Willard  Hall  Porter,  D. 

Wilmington. 

f  Joseph  Hirst,  R. 
Tampa. 
Richard  Turnbull,  D. 

Monticello. 
*  And  15  Wall  Street,  New  York  City. 


ARKANSAS. 


CALIFORNIA. 


COLORADO. 


CONNECTICUT, 


DELAWARE. 


FLORIDA. 


Alternates. 
Gotthold  L.  Werth, 

Montgomery. 
William  S.  Hull, 

Sheffield. 

J.  T.  W.  Tillar, 

Little  Rock. 

Thomas  H.  Leslie, 
Stuttgart. 

George  Hazleton, 

San  Francisco. 
Russ  D.  Stephens, 

Sacramento. 


f  Henry  B.  Gillespier 

Aspen. 
O.  C.  French, 

New  Windsor 


Charles  F.  Brooker, 
Torrington. 

Charles  R.  Baldwin, 
Waterbury. 


Charles  F.  Richards, 
Georgetown. 

William  Saulsbury, 
Dover. 


Dudley  W.  Adams, 
Tangerine. 

Jesse  T.  Bernard, 

Tallahassee. 
*  Present  address,  Chicago. 


List  of  Commissioners  and  Alternates. 
GEOBGIA. 


343 


Commissioners. 
Lafayette  McLaws,  R. 

Savannah. 
Charlton  H.  Way,   D. 

Savannah. 

George  A.  Manning,  R. 

Post  Falls. 
John  E.  Stearns,  D. 

Nampa. 


IDAHO. 


ILLINOIS. 


Charles  H.  Deere,  R. 

Moline. 
Adlai  T.  Ewing,  D. 

38  Montauk  Blk.,  Chicago. 

INDIANA. 

Thomas  E.  Garvin,  D. 

Evansville. 
Elijah  B.  Martindale,  R. 

Indianapolis. 


IOWA. 


William  I.  Buchanan,  D. 

Sioux  City. 
William  F.  King,  R. 

Mt.  Vernon. 


Charles  K.  Holliday,  Jr.,  D. 

Topeka. 
Reese  R.  Price,  R. 

Hutchinson. 


John  Bennett,  R. 

/      Richmond, 
f  James  A.  McKenzie,  D. 
Oak  Grove. 

Davidson  B.  Perm,   D. 

Newel  lion. 
Thomas  J.  Woodward,  R. 

New  Orleans. 

Augustus  R.  Bixby,  R. 

Skowhegan. 
William  G.  Davis,    D. 

Portland, 
•f-  Present  address,  Chicago. 


KANSAS. 


KENTUCKY. 


LOUISIANA. 


MAINE. 


Alternates. 
James  Longstreet, 

Gainesville. 
John  W.  Clark, 
Augusta. 

A.  J.  Crook, 

Hailey. 
John  M.  Burke, 

Wardner. 

La  Fayette  Funk, 

Shirley. 
De  Witt  Smith, 

Springfield. 

*William  E.  McLean, 
Terre  Haute. 
Charles  M.  Trevis, 

Crawfordsville. 


Joseph  Eiboeck, 

Des  Moines. 

John  Ha}Tes, 

Red  Oak. 


J.  F.  Thompson, 
Sabetha. 

Frank  W.  Lanyon, 
Pittsburg. 

David  N.  Comingore, 
Covington. 

John  S.  Morris, 

Louisville. 

Alphonse  Le  Due, 

New  Orleans. 
P.  J.  McMahon, 

Tangipahoa. 


James  A.  Boardman, 
Bangor. 

Clark  S.  Edwards, 

Bethel. 
*  1110  F  Street,  Washington,  D.  C. 


344 


World's  Columbian   Commission. 


List  of  Com- 
missioners 
ana  Alter- 
nates. 


MARYLAND. 


Commissioners. 

James  Hodges,  D. 

Baltimore. 
Lloyd  Lowndes,  R. 

Cumberland. 


Francis  W.  Breed,  R. 

Lynn. 
Thomas  E.  Proctor,  D. 

Boston. 


M.  Henry  Lane,  R. 

Kalamazoo. 
Charles  H.  Richmond,  D 

Ann  Arbor. 


Matthew  B.  Harrison,  D. 

Duluth. 
Orson  V.  Tousley,  R. 

Minneapolis. 


Joseph  M.  Bynum,  R. 

Rienzi. 
Robert  L.  Saunders,  D. 

Jackson. 


Thomas  B.  Bullene,  R. 

Kansas  City. 
Charles  H.  Jones,  D. 

St.  Louis. 


Lewis  H.  Hershfield,  R. 

Helena. 
Armistead  H.  Mitchell,  D. 

Deer  Lodge  City. 

Euclid  Martin,  D. 

Omaha. 
Albert  G.  Scott,  R. 

Kearney. 

James  W.  Haines,  R. 

Genoa. 
George  Russell,  D. 

Elko. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


MICHIGAN. 


MINNESOTA. 


MISSISSIPPI. 


MISSOURI. 


MONTANA. 


NEBRASKA. 


NEVADA. 


Alternates. 
George  M.  Upshur, 
Snow  Hill. 
Daniel  E.  Conkling, 
Baltimore. 


George  P.  Ladd, 

Spencer. 
Albert  C.  Haughton, 

North  Adams. 


Ernest  B.  Fisher, 

Grand  Rapids. 
George  H.  Barbour, 

Detroit. 


Thomas  C.  Kurtz, 
Moorhead. 

Lewis  P.  Hunt, 

Mankota. 


Fred  W.  Collins, 
Summit. 

Joseph  H.  Brinker, 
West  Point. 


O.  H.  Picher, 
Joplin. 

R.  L.  McDonald, 
St.  Joseph. 


Benjamin  F.  White, 

Dillon. 
Timothy  E.  Collins, 

Great  Falls. 


William  L.  May, 
Fremont. 

John  Lauterbach, 
Fairbury. 

Enoch  Strother, 

Virginia  City. 
Richard  Ryland, 

Reno. 


List  of  Commissioners  and  Alternates. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 


345 


Commissioners. 
Walter  Aiken,  D. 
Franklin. 

Charles  D.  McDuffie,  R. 
Manchester. 

William  J.  Sewell,  R. 

Camden. 
Thomas  Smith,  D. 

Newark. 


Chauncey  M.  Depew,  R. 

New  York. 
John  Boyd  Thacher,  D. 

Albany. 


Alexander  B.  Andrews,  D. 

Raleigh. 
Thomas  B.  Keogh,  R, 

Greensboro. 


H.  P.    Rucker,  R. 

Grand  Forks, 
f  Martin  Ryan,  D. 
Fargo. 

Harvey  P.  Platt,  D. 

Toledo. 
William  Ritchie,  R. 

Hamilton. 

Henry  Klippel,  D. 

Jacksonville. 
Martin  Wilkins,  R. 

Eugene  City. 

William  McClelland,  D. 

Pittsburgh. 
John  W.  Woodside,  R. 

Philadelphia. 

Lyman  B.  Goff,  R. 

Pawtucket. 
Gardiner  C.  "Sims,  D. 

Providence. 


NEW  JERSEY. 


NEW  YORK. 


NORTH  CAROLINA. 


NORTH  DAKOTA. 


OHIO. 


OREGON. 


PENNSYLVANIA  . 


RHODE  ISLAND. 


Alternates. 
George  VanDyke, 

Lancaster. 
Frank  E.  Kaley, 

Milford. 


Frederick  S.  Fish, 
Newark. 

Edwin  A.  Stevens, 
Hoboken. 

James  H.  Breslin, 
Ne\v  York. 

James  Roosevelt, 

Hyde  Park. 

Elias  Carr, 

Old  Sparta. 
G.  A.  Bingham, 

Salisbury. 

Charles  H.  Stanley, 

Steele. 
Peter  Cameron, 

Tyner. 

Lucius  C.  Cron, 

Piqua. 
Adolph  Pluemer, 

Cincinnati. 

J.  L.  Morrow, 

Heppner. 

W.  T.  Wright, 
Union. 

R.  Bruce  Ricketts, 

Wilkes  Barre 

John  K.  Hallock, 
Erie. 


Jeffrey  Hazard, 

Providence. 
Lorillard  Spencer, 

Newport. 


List  of  Com- 
missioners 
and  Alter- 
nates. 


t  Present  address,  Chicago. 


346 


World's  Columbian   Commission. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 


Commissioners. 
A.  P.  Butler,  D. 

Columbia. 
John  R.  Cochran, 

Anderson. 


Merritt  H.  Day,  D. 

Rapid  City. 
William  Mclntyre,  R. 

Watertown. 


Louis  T.  Baxter,  R. 

Nashville. 
Thomas  L.  Williams,  D. 

Knoxville. 


Archelaus  M.  Cochran,  R. 

Dallas. 

f  John  T.  Dickinson,  D. 
Austin. 

Henry  H.  Mclntyre,  R. 

West  Randolph. 
Bradley  B.  Smalley,  D. 

Burlington. 


Virginius  D.  Groner,  R. 

Norfolk. 
John  T.  Harris,  D. 

Harrisonburg. 

Henry  Drum,  D. 

Tacoma. 
Charles  B.  Hopkins,  R. 

Spokane  Falls. 


James  D.  Butt,  R. 

Harper's  Ferry. 
J.  W.  St.  Clair,  D. 

Fayetteville. 

Philip  Allen,  Jr.,  R. 

Mineral  Point. 
John  L.  Mitchell,  D. 
Milwaukee, 
t  Chicago. 


SOUTH  DAKOTA. 


TENNESSEE. 


TEXAS. 


VERMONT. 


VIRGINIA. 


WASHINGTON. 


WEST  VIRGINIA. 


WISCONSIN. 


Alternates. 
E.  L.  Roche, 

Charleston. 
J.  W.  Tiudell, 
Sumter. 

S.  A.  Ramsey, 

Woonsocket. 
L.  S.  Bullard, 

Pierre. 

Rush  Strong, 

Knoxville. 
f  A.  B.  Hurt, 

Chattanooga. 

Lock  McDaniel, 

Anderson. 

Henry  B.  Andrews, 
San  Antonio. 


tAldaceF.  Walker, 

Rutland. 
Hiram  Atkins, 

Montpelier. 

Charles  A.  Heermans, 

Christiansburg. 

Alexander  McDonald, 
Lynchburg. 

William  Bingham, 

Cheney. 
Clarence  B.  Bagley, 

Seattle. 


Wellington  Vrooman, 
Parkersburg, 

John  A.  Corcoran, 
Wheeling. 

Gustavus  E.  Gordon, 
Koshkonong. 

Myron  Reed, 

Superior. 

$  Rookery  Building,  Chicago. 


List  of  Commissioners  and  Alternates. 
WYOMING. 


347 


Commissioners. 

Asahel  C.  Beckwith,  D. 

Evanston. 
Henry  G.  Hay,  R. 

Cheyenne. 


TERRITORIES 
ARIZONA. 


Commisbio  n  ers 

George  F.  Coats,  R. 

Phoenix. 
William  Zeckemlorf,   D. 

Tucson. 

Thomas  C.  Gutierres,  D. 

Albuquerque. 
Richard  Mansfield  White,  R. 

Hermosa,  Sierra  Co. 

Othniel  Beeson,  D. 

Reno  City, 
John  D.  Miles,  R. 

Kingfisher. 

Frederick  J.  Kiesel,  D. 

Ogden. 
Patrick  IT.  Lannan,  R. 

Sail  Lake  City. 


NEW  MEXICO. 


OKLAHOMA. 


UTAH. 


Alternates. 

Asa  S.  Mercer, 

Cheyenne. 

John  J.  McCormick, 
Sheridan. 


Alternates. 

W.  L.  Van  Horn, 
•  Flagstaff. 
Herbert  H.  Logan, 
Plurnix. 


L.  C.  Tetard, 

East  Las  Vegas. 
Charles  B.  Eddy, 

Eddy. 


John,  Wallace, 

Oklahoma  City. 
Joseph  W.  McNeal, 

Guthrie. 


William  M.  Ferry, 
Park  City. 

Charles  Crane, 

Kanosh. 


List  of  Com 
missioners 
and  Alter- 
nates. 


LIST  OF  OFFICERS 


OF     THK 


oard   of   Lady   Managers 


OF    THE 


World's  Columbian  Commission. 


President, 
Mrs.  POTTER  PALMER,  of  Chicago. 

\*t   Vice- President, 
Mrs.  RALPH  TRAUTMANN,  of  Now  York. 

2d  Vice- President, 
Mrs.   EDWIN  C.  BURLEIGH,  of  Maine. 

3rf   Vice-President, 
Mrs.  CHARLES  PRICE,  of  North  Carolina. 

4fh    Vice-Preside /tt, 
Miss  KATHERINE  L.  MINOR,  of  Louisiana. 

5//if    Vice- President, 
Mrs.  BERIAH  WILKINS,  of  the  District  of  Columbia, 

fttlt    Vice- President, 
Mrs.  SUSAN  R.  ASHLEY,  of  Colorado. 

1th   Vice- President, 
Mrs.  FLORA  BEALL  GINTY,  of  Wisconsin. 

8th  Vice- President, 
Mrs.  MARGARET  ELAINE  SALISBURY,  of  Utah. 


Vice-  President-at-  Large, 
Mrs.  RUSSELL  B.  HARRISON,  of    Montana. 


Secretary, 
Miss  PHOEBE  W.  COUZINS,  of  Missouri. 

348 


LIST     OF 

Lady  Managers  and  Their  Alternates. 


NOMINATED  BY  COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE. 

Alternates 

Lady  Managers.  Lady  Alternates. 

Mrs.  D.  F.  Verdenal,  Mrs.  Ben  C.  Truman, 

New  York  City,  N.  Y.  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 

Mrs.  Mary  Cecil  Cantrill,  Mrs.  Nancy  Huston  Banks, 

Georgetown,  Ky.  Morganfield,  Ky. 

Mrs.  Mary  S.  Lockwood,  Mrs.  James  B.  Stone, 

Washington,   D.  C.  Worcester,  Mass. 

Mrs.  John  J.  Bagley,  Mrs.  Schuyler  Colfax, 

Detroit,  Mich.  South  Bend,  Ind. 

Miss  Ellen  A.  Ford,  Mrs.  Helen  A.  Peck, 

New  York  City.  Kansas  City,  Mo. 

Mrs.  Mary  S.  Harrison,  Miss  Caroline  E.  Dennis, 

Helena,  Montana.  Auburn,  N.  Y. 

Mrs.  Ida  A.  Elkins  Tyler,  Mrs.  Geo.  R.  Yarrow, 

Philadelphia,  Pa.  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Mrs.  Rosine  Ryan,  Mrs.  Lilla  C.  Baxter, 

Austin,  Texas.  Navasota,  Texas. 

BY  COMMISSIONERS  FROM  THE  STATES. 
ALABAMA. 

Lady  Managers.  Lady  Alternates. 

Miss  Hattie  Toney  Hundley,  Miss  Sallie  Talula  Smith, 

Mooresville.  Birmingham. 

Mrs.  Anna  M.  Fosdick,  Mrs.  Louise  L.  Werth, 

Mobile.  Montgomery. 

ARKANSAS. 
Mrs.  James  P.  Eagle,  Mrs.  Mary  Gray  Dunlap  Rogers, 

Little  Rock.  Fort  Smith. 

Mrs.  Rollin  A.  Edgerton,  Mrs.  Wm.  B.  Empie, 

Little  Rock.  Newport. 

CALIFORNIA. 
Mrs.  Parthenia  P.  Rue,  Mrs.  Theresa  Fair, 

Santa  Rosa.  San  Francisco. 

Mrs.  James  R.  Deane,  Mrs.  Frona  E.  Wait, 

San  Francisco.  San  Francisco. 

349 


350  Worlds   Columbian  Commission. 

COLORADO. 

Lady  Managers.  Lady  Alternates. 

Miss  Mary  A.  Samson,  Mrs.  Robt  J.  Coleman, 

Pueblo.  Buena  Vista. 

Mrs.  Susan  R.  Ashley,  Mrs.  M.  D.  Thatcher, 

Denver.  Pueblo. 

CONNECTICUT. 
Miss  Frances  S.  Ives,  Mrs.  Amelia  B.  Hinman, 

New  Haven.  Stevenson. 

Mrs.  Isabella  Beecher  Hooker,  Mrs.  Virginia  T.  Smith, 

Hartford.  Hartford. 

DELAWARE. 
Mrs.  Mary  Richards  Kinder,  Mrs.  Mary  E.  Torbert, 

Milford.  Milford. 

Mrs.  J.  Frank  Ball,  Mrs.  Theodore  F.  Armstrong. 

Wilmington.  Newark. 

FLORIDA. 
Mrs.  Mary  C.  Bell,  Mrs.  Chloe  Merrick  Reed, 

Gainesville.  South  Jacksonville. 

Miss  E.  Nellie  Beck,  Mrs.  H.  K.  Ingram, 

Tampa.  Jacksonville. 

GEORGIA. 
Mrs.  Wm.  H.  Felton,  Miss  Meta  Telfair  McLaws, 

Cartersville.  Augusta. 

Mrs.  Charles  H.  Olmstead,  Mrs.  Geo.  W.  Lamar, 

Savannah.  Savannah. 

IDAHO. 
Mrs.  Lena  Shoup,  Mrs.  Anna  E.  M.  Farnum, 

Boise  City.  Post  Falls. 

Mrs.  Joseph  C.  Straughan,  Mrs.  Ella  Ray  Miller, 

Boise  City.  Blackfoot. 

ILLINOIS. 
Mrs.  Richard  J.  Oglesby,  Mrs.  Marcia  Louise  Gould, 

Elkhart.  Moline. 

Mrs.  Frances  Welles  Shepard,  Mrs.  Frances  Bundy  Phillips, 

Chicago.  Bioomington. 

INDIANA. 
Miss  Wilhelmine  Reitz,  Miss  Susan  W.  Ball, 

Evansville.  Terre  Haute. 

Mrs.  Virginia  C.  Meredith,  *Miss  Mary  H.  Krout, 

Cambridge  City.  Crawfordsville. 

*  Chicago,  111. 


Lady  Managers  and  their  Alternates. 


351 


Lady  Managers. 
Mrs.  Whiting  S.  Clark, 

Des  Moines. 
Miss  Ora  Elizabeth  Miller, 

Cedar  Rapids. 

Mrs.  Jennie  S.  Mitchell, 

Fort  Scott. 
Mrs.  Hester  A.  Hanback, 

Osborne. 


Miss  Jean  W.  Faulkner, 

Lancaster. 
Miss  Cora  D.  Payne, 

Henderson. 


IOWA. 

Lady  Alternates. 
Mrs.  Ira  F.  Hendricks, 

Council  Bluffs. 
Miss  Mary  B.  Hancock, 
Dubuque. 

KANSAS. 

Mrs.  Sara  Blair  Lynch, 

Leavenworth. 
Mrs.  Jane  H.  Haynes, 
Fort  Scott. 

KENTUCKY. 

Miss  Sarah  F.  Holt, 
Frankfort. 

Mrs.  Alice  B.  Castleman, 
Louisville. 


Lady  Mana- 
gers and 
Alternates 


LOUISIANA. 


Miss  Katherine  L.  Minor, 

Houma. 
Miss  Josephine  Shakspeare, 

New  Orleans. 


Mrs.  Bowling  S.  Leathers, 

New  Orleans. 
Mrs.  Belle  Hamilton  Perkins, 

New  Orleans. 


MAINE. 


Mrs.  Edwin  C.  Burleigh, 

Augusta. 
Mrs.  L.  M.  N.  Stevens, 

Portland. 

Mrs.  William  Reed, 

Baltimore. 
Mrs.  Alexander  Thomson, 

Mount  Savage. 


Mrs.  Sarah  H.  Bixby, 
Skowhegan. 

Miss  Kate  Hutchins  Locke, 
Bethel. 

MARYLAND. 

Mrs.  Mary  M.  Birckhead, 

Baltimore. 
Miss  Eloise  Roman, 
Cumberland. 


MASSACHUSETTS. 


Mrs.  Rufus  S.  Frost, 

Chelsea. 
Mrs.  Jonas  H.  French, 

Boston. 


Mrs.  Alice  Freeman  Palmer, 

Cambridge. 

Miss  Mary  Crease  Sears, 
Boston. 


MICHIGAN. 
Mrs.  Eliza  J.  Pendry  Howes,  Mrs.  Frances  P.  Burrows, 

Battle  Creek.  Kalamazoo. 

Mrs.  Sarah  S.  C.  Angell,  Miss  Anna  M.  Cutcheon, 

Ann  Arbor.  Detroit. 


urs  and 


352  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

MINNESOTA. 


gers 

Lady  Managers.  Lady  Alternates. 

Mrs.  Mary  Allen  Hulbert,  Mrs.  Francis  B.  Clarke, 

Duluth.  St.  Paul. 

Mrs.  H.  F.  Brown,  Mrs.  M.  M.  Williams, 

Minneapolis.  Little  Falls. 

MISSISSIPPI. 

Mrs.  James  W.  Lee,  Mrs.  George  M.  Buchanan, 

Aberdeen.  Holly  Springs. 

Mrs.  John  M.  Stone,  Miss  Varina  Davis, 

luka.  Beauvoir. 

MISSOURI. 

Miss  Phcebe  Couzins,  LL.B.,  Mrs.  Patti  Moore, 

St.  Louis.  Kansas  City. 

Miss  Lillian  Mason  Brown,  Mrs.  Annie  L.  Y.  Swart, 

Kirkwood.  St.  Louis. 

MONTANA. 

Mrs.  Henry  Knippenberg,  Mrs.  Frank  L.  Worden, 

Glendale.  Missoula. 

Mrs.  Lily  Rosecrans  Toole,  Mrs.  Mariam  D.  Cooper, 

Helena.  Bozeman. 

NEBRASKA. 

Mrs.  John  S.  Briggs,  Mrs.   M.   A.   B.   Martin, 

Omaha.  Broken  Bow. 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  C.  Langworthy,  Mrs.  Lana  A.  Bates, 

Seward.  Aurora. 

NEVADA. 

Miss  Eliza  M.  Russell,  Miss  Mary  E.  Davies, 

Elko.  Genoa. 

Mrs.  Ellen  M.  Stevenson,  Mrs.  M.  D.  Foley, 

Carson  City.  Reno. 

NEW  HAMPSHIRE. 

Mrs.  Mira  B.  F.  Ladd,  Mrs.  Frank  H.  Daniell, 

Lancaster.  Franklin  Falls. 

Mrs.  Daniel  Hall,  Miss  Ellen  J.  Cole, 

Dover.  Lake  Village. 

NEW  JERSEY. 

Miss  Mary  E.  Busselle, 

Newark. 

Mrs.  Martha  B.  Stevens,  Mrs.  Amanda  M.  Smith, 

Hoboken.  Newark. 


Lady  Managers  and  their  Alternates.  353 

NEW    YORK.  Lady  Mana- 

gers and 

Lady  Managers.  Lady  Alternates. 

Mrs.  Ralph  Trautmann,  Mrs.  John  Pope, 

New  York  City.  New  York  City, 

Mrs.  Lloyd  Bryce,  Mrs.  W.  Bourke  Cockran, 

New  York  City.  New  York  City. 

NORTH  CAROLINA. 

Mrs.  George  Wilson  Kidder,  Mrs.  Sallie  S.  Gotten, 

Wilmington.  Falkland. 

Mrs.  Charles  Price,  Miss  Virginia  Stella  Divine, 

Salisbury  Wilmington. 

NORTH  DAKOTA. 

Mrs.  S.  W.  McLaughlin,  Mrs.  Alice  Vineyard  Brown, 

Grand  Forks.  Lisbon. 

Mrs.  W.  B.  McConnell,  Mrs.  Frances  Chamberlain  Holley, 

Fargo.  Bismarck. 

OHIO. 

Mrs.  Mary  A.  Hart,  Mrs.  Harriet  Taylor  Upton, 

Cincinnati.  Warren. 

Mrs.  Walter  Hartpence,  Mrs.  Asa  S.  Bushnell, 

Harrison.  Springfield. 

OREGON. 
Mrs.  E.  W.  Allen,  Mrs.  Anna  R.  Riggs, 

Portland.  Portland. 

Mrs.  Mary  Payton,  Mrs.  Hattie  E.  Sladden, 

Salem.  Eugene  City. 

PENNSYLVANIA. 
Miss  Mary  Elliott  McCandless,  Mrs.  Samuel  Plumer, 

Pittsburgh.  Franklin. 

Mrs.  Harriet  Anne  Lucas,  Mrs.  W.  S.  Elkins, 

Philadelphia.  Philadelphia. 

RHODE  ISLAND. 
Mrs.  Amey  M.  Starkweather,  Mrs.  George  A.  Mumford, 

Pawtucket.  Pavvtucket. 

Miss  Charlotte  Field  Dailey,  Miss  Loraine  Pearce  Bucklin, 

Providence.  Providence. 

SOUTH  CAROLINA. 
Mrs.  Mary  Preston  Darby,  V've.  J.  S.  R.  Thomson, 

Columbia.  Spartanburg. 

Mrs.  Ellery  M.  Brayton,  Miss  Carrie  A.  Perry, 

Columbia.  Walhalla. 


354 


Lady  Mana- 
gers and 
Alternates 


World}  s  Columbian  Commission. 
SOUTH  DAKOTA. 


Lady  Managers. 
Mrs.  John  R.  Wilson, 

Deadwood. 
Mrs.  Helen  Morton  Barker, 

Huron. 


Mrs.  Laura  Gillespie, 

Nashville. 
Mrs.  Susan  Gale  Cooke, 

Knoxville. 


Lady  Alternates. 
Mrs.  Minnie  Daniels, 

Watertown. 
Mrs.  Marie  J.  Gaston, 
Deadwood. 

TENNESSEE. 

Mrs.  Carrington  Mason, 

Memphis. 
Mrs.  Bessie  Bowen  McClung, 

Knoxville. 


TEXAS. 


Mrs.  Ida  Loving  Turner, 

Fort  Worth. 
Mrs.  Mary  A.  Cochran, 

Dallas. 

Mrs.  Ellen  M.  Chandler, 

Pomfret. 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  V.  Grinnell, 

Burlington. 

Mrs.  John  Sergeant  Wise, 

Richmond. 
Mrs.   K.   S.  G.    Paul, 

Harrisonburgh. 


Miss  Hallie  Earle  Harrison, 

Waco. 
Mrs.  Kate  Cawthon  McDaniel, 

Anderson. 


VERMONT. 


Mrs.  Minna  G.  Hooker, 

Brattleboro. 
Mrs.  Theresa  J.  Cochrane, 

Groton. 


VIRGINIA. 


Miss  Mattie  P.  Harris, 
Staunton. 


WASHINGTON. 

Mrs.  Melissa  D.  O wings,  Mrs.  Chauncey  Wright  Griggs, 
Olympia.  Tacoma. 

Mrs.  Alice  Houghton,  Miss  Josephine  Helen  Stinson, 
Spokane  Falls.  Colfax. 

WEST  VIRGINIA. 

Mrs.  W.  Newton  Linch, 

Martinsburg. 
Miss  Lily  Irene  Jackson, 

Parkersburg. 


Mrs.  George  W.  Z.  Black, 

Halltown. 
Miss  Annie  M.  Mahan, 

Fayetteville. 


Mrs.  Flora  Beall  Ginty, 
Chippewa  Falls. 

Mrs.  William  P.  Lynde, 
Milwaukee. 


WISCONSIN. 

Mrs.  Sam  S.  Fifield, 

Ashland. 
Mrs.  J.  Montgomery  Smith, 

Mineral  Point. 


Lady  Managers  and  their  Alternates.  355 

WYOMING. 

Lady  Managers.  Lady  Alternates.  Alternates 

Mrs.  F.  H.  Harrison,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  A.  Stone, 

Evanston.  Evanston. 

Mrs.  Frances  E.  Hale,  Miss  Gertrude  M.  Huntington, 

Cheyenne.  .  Saratoga. 

BY   COMMISSIONERS   FROM  THE  TERRITORIES. 
ARIZONA. 

Mrs.  Thomas  J.  Butler,  Mrs.  George  Hoxworth, 

Prescott.  Flagstaff. 

Miss  Laurette  Lovell,  Mrs.  H.  J.  Peto, 

Tucson.  Tombstone. 

NEW  MEXICO. 
Mrs.  Franc  Luse  Albright, 

Albuquerque. 
Mrs.  Edward  L.  Bartlett,  Mrs.  Louise  Dakin  Campbell, 

Santa  Fe.  Eddy. 

OKLAHOMA. 
Mrs.  Marie  P.  Harmon  Beeson,  Mrs.  Julia  Wallace, 

Reno  City.  Oklahoma  City. 

Mrs.  Lucy  D.  Miles,  Mrs.  Mary  S.  McNeal, 

Kingfisher.  Guthrie. 

UTAH. 
Mrs.  Thomas  A.  Whalen,  Mrs.  Susie  B.  Emery, 

Ogden.  Park  City. 

Mrs.  Margaret  Elaine  Salisbury,  Miss  Maggie  Keogh, 

Salt  Lake  City.  Salt  Lake  City. 

BY  COMMISSIONERS  FROM  THE    DISTRICT  OF    COLUMBIA. 

Mrs.  John  A.  Logan,  Mrs.  Emma  Dean  Powell, 

Washington.  Washington. 

Mrs.  Beriah  Wilkins,  Miss  Emma  C.  Wimsatt, 

Washington.  Washington. 

BY  THE  PRESIDENT,   FROM  THE  CITY  OF  CHICAGO. 

Mrs.  Bertha  M.  Honor<§  Palmer.  Miss  Sara  T.  Hallowell. 

Mrs.  Solomon  Thatcher,  Jr.  Mrs.  George  L.  Dunlap. 

Mrs.  Jennie  Sanford  Lewis.  Mrs.  L.  Brace  Shattuck. 

Mrs.  James  A.  Mulligan.  Mrs.  Annie  C.  Meyers. 

Frances  Dickinson,  M.  D.  Martha  H.  Ten  Eyck. 

Mrs.  M.  R.  M.  Wallace.  Mrs.  Margaret  Isabella  Sandes. 

Mrs.  Myra  Bradwell.  Mrs.  Leancler  Stone. 

Mrs.  James  R.  Doolittle,  Jr.  Mrs.  Gen'l  A.  L.  Chetlain. 

Mrs.  Matilda  B.  Carse.  Frances  E.  Willard. 


Board  of  Control  and  Management 


OF-  THE 


United  States  Government  Exhibit. 


MR.  EDWIN  WILLITS,  Chairman. 

SEYELLON  A.   BROWN,  Chief  Clerk  of  the  Department  of  State,  to  represent  that 
department. 

ALLURED   B.    NETTLETON,    Assistant  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  to  represent  the 
Treasury  Department. 

MAJOR  CLIFTON  COMLY,  U.  S.  A.,  to  represent  the  War  Department. 
CAPTAIN  R.  W.  MEADE,  U.  S.  X.,  to  represent  the  Xavy  Department. 

A.    D.  HAZEN,  Third  Assistant  Postmaster-General,    to   represent    the    Post  Office 
Department. 

HORACE  A.  TAYLOR,  Commissioner  of  Railroads,  to  represent  the  Department  of  the 
Interior. 

ELIJAH  C.  FOSTER,  General  Agent  of  the  Department  of  Justice,  to  represent  that 
department. 

EDWIN  WILLITS,  Assistant  Secretary  of  Agriculture,  to  represent  the  Department  of 
Agriculture. 

PROFESSOR    G.    BROWN    GOODE,    Assistant   Secretary   Smithsonian   Institution,    to 
represent  that  institution  and  the  Xational  Museum. 

J.  W.  COLLINS,  Assistant-in-Charge  Division  of  Fisheries,  to  represent  the  United 
States  Fish  Commission. 
24 


357 


ACT   OF   CONGRESS 

CREATING    THE 

World's  Columbian  Commission 


An  act  to  provide  for  celebrating  the  four  hundredth  anniversary  of  the  ///V-The  Act  of 
covery  of  America  by  Christopher  Columbus  by  holding  an  international 
exhibition  of  arts,  industries,  manufactures,  and  the  product  of  the  soil, 
mine,  and  sea,  in  the  City  of  Chicago,  in  the  State  of  Illinois. 

WHEREAS,  It  is  fit  and  appropriate  that  the  four  hundredth  anniver- 
sary of  the  discovery  of  America  be  commemorated  by  an  exhibition  of 
the  resources  of  the  United  States  of  America,  their  development,  and  of 
the  progress  of  civilization  in  the  New  World;  and, 

WHEREAS,  Such  an  exhibition  should  be  of  a  national  and  interna- 
tional character,  so  that  not  only  the  people  of  our  Union  and  this  Conti- 
nent, but  those  of  all  nations  as  well,  can  participate,  and  should  there- 
fore have  the  sanction  of  the  Congress  of  the  United  States;  therefore, 

Be  it  enacted  by  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United 
States  of  America  in  Congress  assembled,  That  an  exhibition  of  arts,  indus- 
tries, manufactures,  and  products  of  the  soil,  mine,  and  sea  shall  be  inau- 
gurated in  the  year  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-two,  in  the  City  of  Chi- 
cago, in  the  State  of  Illinois,  as  hereinafter  provided. 

SEC.  2.  That  a  Commission,  to  consist  of  two  Commissioners  from 
each  State  and  Territory  of  the  United  States  and  from  the  District  of 
Columbia  and  eight  Commissioners-at-Large,  is  hereby  constituted  to  be 
designated  as  the  World's  Columbian  Commission. 

SEC.  3.  That  said  Commissioners,  two  from  each  State  and  Terri- 
tory, shall  be  appointed  within  thirty  days  from  the  passage  of  this  act 
by  the  President  of  the  United  States,  on  the  nomination  of  the  Govern- 
ors of  the  States  and  Territories,  respectively,  and  by  the  President  eight 
Commissioners-at-Large  and  two  from  the  District  of  Columbia;  and  in  the 
same  manner  and  within  the  same  time  there  shall  be  appointed  two  alter- 
nate Commissioners  from  each  State  and  Territory  of  the  United  States 

359 


360  Worlds   Columbian  Commission. 

The  Act  of  and  the  District  of  Columbia  and  eight  alternate  Commissioners-at-Large, 

Congress. 

who  shall  assume  and  perform  the  duties  of  such  Commissioner  or  Com- 
missioners as  may  be  unable  to  attend  the  meetings  of  the  said  Commission; 
and  in  such  nominations  and  appointments  each  of  the  two  leading  polit- 
ical parties  shall  be  equally  represented.  Vacancies  in  the  Commission 
nominated  by  the  Governors  of  the  several  States  and  Territories, 
respectively,  and  also  vacancies  in  the  Commission-at-Large  and  from  the 
District  of  Columbia  may  be  filled  in  the  same  manner  and  under  the 
same  conditions  as  provided  herein  for  their  original  appointment. 

SEC.  4.  That  the  Secretary  of  State  of  the  United  States  shall,  im- 
mediately after  the  passage  of  this  act,  notify  the  Governors  of  the  several 
States  and  Territories,  respectively,  thereof  and  request  such  nomina- 
tions to  be  made.  The  Commissioners  so  appointed  shall  be  called  to- 
gether by  the  Secretary  of  State  of  the  United  States  in  the  City  of  Chi- 
cago, by  notice  to  the  Commissioners,  as  soon  as  convenient  after  the 
appointment  of  said  Commissioners,  and  within  thirty  days  thereafter. 
The  said  Commissioners,  at  said  first  meeting,  shall  organize  by  the  elec- 
tion of  such  officers  and  the  appointment  of  such  Committees  as  they 
may  deem  expedient,  and  for  this  purpose  the  Commissioners  present  at 
said  meeting  shall  constitute  a  quorum. 

SEC.  5.  That  said  Commission  be  empowered  in  its  discretion  M 
accept  for  the  purposes  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  such  site  as 
may  be  selected  and  offered  and  such  plans  and  specifications  of  build- 
ings to  be  erected  for  such  purpose  at  the  expense  of  and  tendered  by  the 
corporation  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  Illinois,  known  as 
"  The  World's  Exposition  of  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-two:"  Pro- 
vided, That  said  site  so  tendered  and  the  buildings  proposed  to  be  erected 
thereon  shall  be  deemed  by  said  Commission  adequate  to  the  purposes  of 
said  Exposition:  And  provided,  That  said  Commission  shall  be  satisfied 
that  the  said  corporation  has  an  actual  bona  fide  and  valid  subscription 
to  its  capital  stock  which  will  secure  the  payment  of  at  least  five  millions 
of  dollars,  of  which  not  less  than  five  hundred  thousand  dollars  shall  have 
been  paid  in,  and  that  the  further  sum  of  five  million  dollars,  making  in 
all  ten  million  dollars,  will  be  provided  by  said  corporation  in  ample  time 
for  its  needful  use  during  the  prosecution  of  the  work  for  the  complete 
preparation  for  said  Exposition. 

SEC.  6.  That  the  said  Commission  shall  allot  space  for  exhibitors, 
prepare  a  classification  of  exhibits,  determine  the  plan  and  scope  of  the 
Exposition,  and  shall  appoint  all  judges  and  examiners  for  the  Exposition, 
award  all  premiums,  if  any,  and  generally  have  charge  of  all  intercourse 
with  the  exhibitors  and  the  representatives  of  foreign  nations.  And 
said  Commission  is  authorized  and  required  to  appoint  a  Board  of  Lady 
Managers  of  such  number  and  to  perform  such  duties  as  may  be  pre- 
scribed by  said  Commission.  Said  Board  may  appoint  one  or  more  mem- 


The  Act  of    Congress.  361 

bers  of  all  committees  authorized  to  award  prizes  for  exhibits  which  mayibe  A<*  or 

Congress. 

be  produced  in  whole  or  in  part  by  female  labor. 

SEC.  7.  That  after  the  plans  for  said  Exposition  shall  be  prepared 
by  said  corporation  and  approved  by  said  Commission,  the  rules  and  regu- 
lations of  said  corporation  governing  rates  for  entrance  and  admission 
fees,  or  otherwise  affecting  the  rights,  privileges,  or  interests  of  the 
exhibitors  or  of  the  public,  shall  be  fixed  or  established  by  said  corpor- 
ation, subject,  however,  to  such  modification,  if  any,  as  may  be  imposed 
by  a  majority  of  said  Commissioners. 

SEC.  8.  That  the  President  is  hereby  empowered  and  directed  to 
hold  a  naval  review  in  New  York  Harbor,  in  April,  eighteen  hundred  and 
ninety-three,  and  to  extend  to  foreign  nations  an  invitation  to  send  ships 
of  war  to  join  the  United  States  Navy  in  rendezvous  at  Hampton  Roads 
and  proceed  thence  to  said  review. 

SEC.  9.  That  said  Commission  shall  provide  for  the  dedication  of 
the  buildings  of  the  World's  Columbian  Exposition  in  said  City  of  Chi- 
cago on  the  twelfth  day  of  October,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-two, 
with  appropriate  ceremonies,  and  said  Exposition  shall  be  open  to  visitors 
not  later  than  the  first  day  of  May,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-three, 
and  shall  be  closed  at  such  time  as  the  Commission  may  determine,  but 
not  later  than  the  thirtieth  day  of  October  thereafter. 

SEC.  10.  That  whenever  the  President  of  the  United  States  shall  be 
notified  by  the  Commission  that  provision  has  been  made  for  grounds 
and  buildings  for  the  uses  herein  provided  for,  and  there  has  also  been 
filed  with  him  by  the  said  corporation,  known  as  "  The  World's  Exposi- 
tion of  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-two,"  satisfactory  proof  that  a  sum 
not  less  than  ten  million  dollars,  to  be  used  and  expended  for  the  pur- 
poses of  the  Exposition  herein  authorized,  has  in  fact  been  raised  or  pro- 
vided for  by  subscription  or  other  legally  binding  means,  he  shall  be 
authorized,  through  the  Department  of  State,  to  make  proclamation  of 
the  same,  setting  forth  the  time  at  which  the  Exposition  will  open  and 
close,  and  the  place  at  which  it  will  be  held;  and  he  shall  communicate 
to  the  diplomatic  representatives  of  foreign  nations  copies  of  the  same, 
together  with  such  regulations  as  may  be  adopted  by  the  Commission,  for 
publication  in  their  respective  countries,  and  he  shall,  in  behalf  of  the 
Government  and  people,  invite  foreign  nations  to  take  part  in  the  said 
Exposition  and  appoint  representatives  thereto. 

SEC.  ii.  That  all  articles  which  shall  be  imported  from  foreign 
countries  for  the  sole  purpose  of  exhibition  at  said  Exposition,  upon 
which  there  shall  be  a  tariff  or  customs  duty,  shall  be  admitted  free  of 
payment  of  duty,  customs  fees,  or  charges  under  such  regulations  as  the 
Secretary  of  the  Treasury  shall  prescribe;  but  it  shall  be  lawful  at  any 
time  during  the  exhibition  to  sell  for  delivery  at  the  close  of  the  Exposi-  . 


362  World?  s   Columbian   Commission. 

The  Act  of  tion  any  goods  or  property  imported  for  and  actually  on  exhibition  in  the 
Exposition  buildings  or  on  its  grounds,  subject  to  such  regulations  for 
the  security  of  the  revenue  and  for  the  collection  of  the  import  duties  as 
the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  shall  prescribe:  Provided,  That  all  such 
articles  when  sold  or  withdrawn  for  consumption  in  the  United  States 
shall  be  subject  to  the  duty,  if  any,  imposed  upon  such  articles  by  the 
revenue  laws  in  force  at  the  date  of  importation,  and  all  penalties  pre- 
scribed by  law  shall  be  applied  and  enforced  against  such  articles,  and 
.  against  the  persons  who  may  be  guilty  of  any  illegal  sale  or  withdrawal. 

SEC.  12.  That  the  sum  of  twenty  thousand  dollars,  or  as  much 
thereof  as  may  be  necessary,  be,  and  the  same  is  hereby  appropriated, 
out  of  any  moneys  in  the  Treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  for  the 
remainder  of  the  present  fiscal  year  and  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June 
thirtieth,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-one,  to  be  expended  under  the 
direction  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  for  purposes  connected  with 
the  admission  of  foreign  goods  to  said  Exhibition. 

SEC.  13.  That  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Commission  to  make 
report,  from  time  to  time,  to  the  President  of  the  United  States  of  the 
progress  of  the  work,  and,  in  a  final  report,  present  a  full  exhibit  of  the 
results  of  the  Exposition. 

SEC.  14.  That  the  Commission  hereby  authorized  shall  exist  no 
longer  than  until  the  first  day  of  January,  eighteen  hundred  and  ninety- 
eight. 

SEC.  15.  That  the  United  States  shall  not  in  any  manner,  nor  under 
any  circumstances,  be  liable  for  any  of  the  acts,  doings,  proceedings,  or 
representations  of  the  said  corporation  organized  under  the  laws  of  the 
State  of  Illinois,  its  officers,  agents,  servants,  or  employes,  or  any  of 
them,  or  for  the  service,  salaries,  labor,  or  wages  of  said  officers,  agents, 
servants,  or  employes,  or  any  of  them,  or  for  any  subscriptions  to  the 
capital  stock,  or  for  any  certificates  of  stock,  bonds,  mortgages,  or  obli- 
gations of  any  kind  issued  by  said  corporation,  or  for  any  debts,  liabili- 
ties, or  expenses  of  any  kind  whatever  attending  such  corporation  or 
accruing  by  reason  of  the  same. 

SEC.  16.  That  there  shall  be  exhibited  at  said  Exposition,  by  the 
Government  of  the  United  States,  from  its  Executive  Departments,  the 
Smithsonian  Institution,  the  United  States  Fish  Commission,  and  the 
National  Museum,  such  articles  and  materials  as  illustrate  the  function 
and  administrative  faculty  of  the  Government  in  time  of  peace  and  its 
resources  as  a  war  power,  tending  to  demonstrate  the  nature  of  our  insti- 
tutions and  their  adaptation  to  the  wants  of  the  people;  and  to  secure  a 
complete  and  harmonious  arrangement  of  such  a  Government  exhibit,  a 
Board  shall  be  created  to  be  charged  with  the  selection,  preparation, 
arrangement,  safe-keeping,  and  exhibition  of  such  articles  and  materials 


TTie  Act  of  Congress.  363 

as  the  heads  of  the  several  departments  and  the  Directors  of  the  Smith-  The  Act  of 

Congress. 

sonian  Institution  and  National  Museum  may  respectively  decide  shall 
be  embraced  in  said  Government  exhibit.  The  President  may  also  desig- 
nate additional  articles  for  exhibition.  Such  Board  shall  be  composed 
of  one  person  to  be  named  by  the  head  of  each  Executive  Department, 
and  one  by  the  Directors  of  the  Smithsonian  Institution  and  National 
Museum,  and  one  by  the  Fish  Commission,  such  selections  to  be  approved 
by  the  President  of  the  United  States.  The  President  shall  name  the 
Chairman  of  said  Board,  and  the  Board  itself  shall  select  such  other  offi- 
cers as  it  may  deem  necessary. 

That  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  is  hereby  authorized  and  directed 
to  place  on  exhibition,  upon  such  grounds  as  shall  be  allotted  for  the 
purpose,  one  of  the  life-saving  stations  authorized  to  be  constructed  on 
the  coast  of  the  United  States  by  existing  law,  and  to  cause  the  same  to 
be  fully  equipped  with  all  apparatus,  furniture,  and  appliances  now  in  use 
in  all  life-saving  stations  in  the  United  States,  said  building  and  appa- 
ratus to  be  removed  at  the  close  of  the  Exhibition  and  reerected  at  the 
place  now  authorized  by  law. 

SEC.  17.  That  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury  shall  cause  a  suitable 
building  or  buildings  to  be  erected  on  the  site  selected  for  the  World's 
Columbian  Exposition  for  the  Government  exhibits,  as  provided  in  this 
act,  and  he  is  hereby  authorized  and  directed  to  contract  therefor,  in  the 
same  manner  and  under  the  same  regulations  as  for  other  public  build- 
ings of  the  United  States;  but  the  contracts  for  said  building  or  buildings 
shall  not  exceed  the  sum  of  four  hundred  thousand  dollars,  and  for  the 
remainder  of  the  fiscal  year  and  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth, 
eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-one,  there  is  hereby  appropriated  for  said 
building  or  buildings,  out  of  any  money  in  the  Treasury  not  otherwise 
appropriated,  the  sum  of  one  hundred  thousand  dollars.  The  Secretary 
of  the  Treasury  shall  cause  the  said  building  or  buildings  to  be  con- 
structed, as  far  as  possible,  of  iron,  steel,  and  glass,  or  of  such  other 
material  as  may  be  taken  out  and  sold  to  the  best  advantage;  and  he  is 
authorized  and  required  to  dispose  of  such  building  or  buildings,  or  the 
material  composing  the  same,  at  the  close  of  the  Exposition,  giving  pref- 
erence to  the  City  of  Chicago,  or  to  the  said  World's  Exposition  of 
eighteen  hundred  and  ninety-two,  to  purchase  the  same  at  an  appraised 
value  to  be  ascertained  in  such  manner  as  he  may  determine. 

SEC.  1 8.  That  for  the  purpose  of  paying  the  expenses  of  transporta- 
tion, care,  and  custody  of  exhibits  by  the  Government  and  the  mainte- 
nance of  the  building  or  buildings  hereinbefore  provided  for,  and  the  safe 
return  of  articles  belonging  to  the  said  Government  exhibit,  and  for  the 
expenses  of  the  Commission  created  by  this  act,  and  other  contingent 
expenses,  to  be  approved  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  upon  itemized 


364  World's   Columbian   Commission. 

of  accounts  and  vouchers,  there  is  hereby  appropriated  for  the  remainder  of 
this  fiscal  year  and  for  the  fiscal  year  ending  June  thirtieth,  eighteen 
hundred  and  ninety-one,  out  of  any  money  in  the  Treasury  not  otherwise 
appropriated,  the  sum  of  two  hundred  thousand  dollars,  or  so  rryich 
thereof  as  may  be  necessary:  Provided,  That  the  United  States  shall  not 
be  liable,  on  account  of  the  erection  of  buildings,  expenses  of  the  Com- 
mission or  any  of  its  officers  or  employes,  or  on  account  of  any  expenses 
incident  to  or  growing  out  of  said  Exposition,  for  a  sum  exceeding  in  the 
aggregate  one  million  five  hundred  thousand  dollars. 

SEC.  19.  That  the  Commissioners  and  alternate  Commissioners 
appointed  under  this  act  shall  not  be  entitled  to  any  compensation  for 
their  services  out  of  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States,  except  their 
actual  expenses  for  transportation  and  the  sum  of  six  dollars  per  day  for 
subsistence  for  each  day  they  are  necessarily  absent  from  their  homes  on 
the  business  of  said  Commission.  The  officers  of  said  Commission  shall 
receive  such  compensation  as  may  be  fixed  by  said  Commission,  subject 
to  the  approval  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Treasury,  which  shall  be  paid  out 
of  the  sums  appropriated  by  Congress  in  aid  of  such  Exposition. 

SEC.  20.  That  nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  so  construed  as  to  create 
any  liability  of  the  United  States,  direct  or  indirect,  for  any  debt  or  obli- 
gation incurred,  nor  for  any  claim  for  aid  or  pecuniary  assistance  from 
Congress  or  the  Treasury  of  the  United  States  in  support  or  liquidation 
of  any  debts  or  obligations  created  by  said  Commission  in  excess  of 
appropriations  made  by  Congress  therefor. 

SEC.  21.  That  nothing  in  this  act  shall  be  so  construed  as  to  over- 
ride or  interfere  with  the  laws  of  any  State,  and  all  contracts  made  in  any 
State  for  the  purposes  of  the  Exhibition  shall  be  subject  to  the  laws 
thereof. 

SEC.  22.  That  no  member  of  said  Commission,  whether  an  officer 
or  otherwise,  shall  be  personally  liable  for  any  debt  or  obligation  which 
may  be  created  or  incurred  by  the  said  Commission. 

Approved,  April  25,  1890. 


WORLD'S    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION 


Directors. 


Owen  F.  Aldis. 
Samuel  W.  Allerton. 
William  T.  Baker. 
William  Borner. 
Thomas  B.  Bryan. 
Edward  B.  Butler. 
Mark  L.  Crawford. 
DeWitt  C.  Cregier. 
George  R.  Davis. 
James  W.  Ellsworth. 
John  V.  Farwell,  Jr. 
Lyman  J.  Gage. 
Harlow  N.  Higinbotham. 
Charles  L.  Hutchinson. 
Ed  ward  T.  Jeffery. 
ElbridgeG   Keith. 
Rollin  A.  Keyes. 
Marshall  M.  Kirkman. 
Herman  H.  Kohlsaat. 
Edward  F.  Lawrence. 
Thies  J.  Lefens. 
C}7rus  H.  McOormick. 
William  J.  Chalmers. 


Andrew  McNally. 
Joseph  Medill. 
Adolph  Nathan. 
Robert  Nelson. 
John  J.  P.  Odell. 
Potter  Palmer. 
James  C.  Peasley. 
Ferd  W.  Peck. 
Erskine  M.  Phelps. 
Eugene  S.  Pike. 
Martin  A.  Ryerson. 
Charles  H.  Schwab. 
Anthony  F.  Seeberger. 
William  E.  Strong. 
Charles  II.  Wacker. 
Robert  A.  Waller. 
Edwin  Walker. 
Charles  C.  Wheeler. 
Frederick  S.  Winston. 
Charles  T.  Yerkes. 
Otto  Young. 
Robert  C.  Clowry. 


The 

Chicago 
Board. 


OFFICERS. 

President,  Lyman  J.  Gage. 
First   Vice- President,  Thomas  B.  Bryan. 
Second  Vice-President,  Potter  Palmer. 
Secretary,  Benjamin  Butterworth. 
Assistant  Secretary,  J.  H.  Kingwill. 
Treasurer,  Anthony  F.  Seeberger. 
Auditor,  William  K.  Ackermau. 


WORLD'S  COLUMBIAN  EXPOSITION  : 
Director-General,  George  R.  Davis. 


EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE. 

Lyman  J.  Gage,  President, 

Thomas  B.  Bryan,  First  Vice- President. 

Potter  Palmer,  Second  Vice- President. 


Ferd  W.  Peck. 
De  Witt  C.  Cregier. 
Edwin  Walker. 
Erskine  M.  Phelps. 
William  T.  Baker. 


Rollin  A.  Keyes. 
Marshall  M.  Kirkman. 
Charles  L.  Hutchinson. 
Otto  Young. 
Robert  C.  Clowry. 


365 


WORLD'S    COLUMBIAN    EXPOSITION. 


Standing  Committees. 


E.  G.  Keith. 


Owen  F.  Aldis. 
Robert  A.  Waller. 


W.  T.  Baker. 


S.  W.  Allerton. 


M.  A.  Ryerson. 


Mark  L.  Crawford. 


William  Borner. 


J.  W.  Ellsworth. 


E.  B.  Butler. 


E.B.  Butler. 
William  Borner. 
A.  Nathan. 
H.  H.  Kohlsaat. 


FINANCE. 

F.  W.  Peck,  Chairman. 
Otto  Young.  J.  J.  P.  Odell. 

H.  N.  Higinbotham. 

GROUNDS  AND  BUILDINGS. 

D.  C.  Cregier,  Chairman. 

Eugene  S.  Pike.  C.  H.  Schwab. 

George  R.  Davis.  E.  T.  Jeffery. 

LEGISLATION. 
Edwin  Walker,  Chairman. 
George  R.  Davis.  A.  Nathan. 

F.  S.  Winston. 

NATIONAL  AND  STATE  EXHIBITS. 

E.  M.  Phelps,  Chairman. 

E.  T.  Jeffery.  J.  V.  Farwell,  Jr. 

A.  F.  Seeberger. 

FOREIGN  EXHIBITS. 
W.  T.  Baker,  Chairman. 
H.  N.  Higinbotham.          J.  W.  Ellsworth. 
T.  J.  Lefens. 

PRESS  AND  PRINTING. 
R.  A.  Keyes,  Chairman. 
H.  H.  Kohlsaat.  Andrew  McNally. 

C.  H.  McCormick. 

TRANSPORTATION. 
M.  M.  Kirkman,  Chairman. 
J.  C.  Peasley.  C.  C.  Wheeler. 

W.  E.  Strong. 

FINE  ARTS. 

C.  L.  Hutchinson,  Chairman. 
Potter  Palmer.  C.  T.  Yerkes. 

R.  A.  Waller. 

MECHANICAL  AND  ELECTRICAL  APPLIANCES. 
R.  C.  Clowry,  Chairman. 


C.  H.  Wacker. 
Robert  Nelson. 

WAYS  AND  MEANS. 

Otto  Young,  Chairman. 
E.  F.  Lawrence. 
Andrew  McNally. 
R.  A.  Keyes. 
R.  A.  Waller. 
366 


D.  C.  Cregier. 


C.  H.  McCormick. 
H.  N.  Higinbotham. 
C.  H.  Wacker. 
William  J.  Chalmers. 


BY-LAWS 

OF    THE 

World's  Columbian  Exposition. 

(LOCAL   BOARD.) 


ARTICLE    I. 

GOVERNMENT. 

The  government  and  control  of  the  corporation  shall  be  vested  in  B 
the  Board  of  Directors. 

ARTICLE  II. 

STOCKHOLDERS'  MEETINGS. 

The  annual  meeting  of  the  stockholders  shall  be  held  on  the  first 
Saturday  of  April,  in  each  year,  at  the  hour  of  10  o'clock,  in  the  fore- 
noon, at  such  place  in  the  City  of  Chicago  as  may  be  designated  by  the 
Board  of  Directors. 

A  written  or  printed  notice,  signed  by  the  President  or  Secretary, 
stating  the  time,  place,  and  object  of  the  meeting,  shall  be  mailed  to  each 
stockholder  at  least  ten  days  before  the  date  of  the  meeting,  and  shall  also 
be  published  in  three  or  more  daily  newspapers,  in  the  City  of  Chicago 
for  five  consecutive  days  immediately  before  said  meeting. 

ARTICLE  III. 

STOCK    CERTIFICATES    AND    TRANSFERS. 

All  certificates  for  shares  of  the  capital  stock  shall  be  signed  by  the 
President  and  Secretary,  who  shall  affix  the  corporate  seal.  In  the 
absence  of  the  President,  they  shall  be  signed  by  one  of  the  Vice-Presi- 
dents,  in  their  order.  They  shall  be  numbered  in  progression,  beginning 
with  number  one,  and  each  certificate  shall  show  upon  its  face  the  num- 
ber of  shares  for  which  it  is  issued,  and  that  the  stock  therein  mentioned 
is  transferable  only  upon  the  books  of  the  company,  and  upon  the  sur- 
render of  such  certificates.  A  book  of  "  Stock  Registry  "  shall  be  kept, 
in  which  shall  be  entered,  the  number  of  each  certificate  issued,  the  name 
and  address  of  the  stockholder,  and  the  number  of  shares  to  which  he  is 

367 


368  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

By-Law8  of  entitled.     The  transfer  of  any  share  or  shares  of  stock  may  be  made  by 

t/n.6  -Loc&l  *  J 

Board.  a  surrender  of  the  certificate  issued  therefor,  and  a  written  assignment 
thereof  by  the  owner,  or  his  duly  authorized  attorney  in  fact,  upon  a  book 
to  be  called  the  "  Register  of  Transfers."  Upon  such  surrender  and 
assignment,  a  new  certificate  or  certificates  shall  be  issued  to  the  assignee 
as  he  may  be  entitled;  but  without  such  surrender  and  assignment  no 
transfer  of  stock  will  be  recognized  by  the  Company.  The  "Registry  of 
Transfers  "  will  be  closed  thirty  days  before  each  annual  meeting  of  the 
stockholders,  and  no  assignee  of  shares  shall  be  entitled  to  vote  in  person, 
or  by  proxy,  at  any  meeting  unless  such  surrender  and  assignment  shall 
have  been  made  before  the  time  specified  for  the  closing  of  said  "  Regis- 
ter of  Transfers." 

ARTICLE  IV. 

OFFICERS. 

SECTION  T.  The  officers  of  this  Company  shall  consist  of  a  President, 
first  Vice-President,  second  Vice-President,  Secretary,  Treasurer,  and 
such  other  officers  as  shall  from  time  to  time  be  provided  for  by  the 
Directors.  The  officers  shall  be  elected  by  ballot  at  the  first  meeting  of 
the  Board  after  the  annual  meeting  of  the  stockholders,  and  shall  hold 
their  respective  offices  for  one  year,  and  until  their  successors  are  elected 
and  qualified,  provided  that  any  officer  may  be  removed  by  the  affirmative 
vote  of  twenty-three  Directors. 

SEC.  2.  The  salaries  of  the  several  officers  shall  be  fixed  by  resolu- 
tion of  the  Board  of  Directors,  before  such  officers  are  elected,  provided, 
however,  that  this  clause  shall  not  be  operative  until  after  the  first  election 
of  said  officers.  No  member  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  except  its  officers, 
shall  receive  any  compensation  whatever  for  his  services. 

ARTICLE     V. 

DIRECTORS'  MEETINGS. 

SECTION  i.  The  Board  of  Directors  shall  hold  their  regular  meet- 
mgs  at  the  office  of  the  Company  in  Chicago,  on  the  second  Friday  of  even- 
month,  at  such  hour  as  the  Board  may  direct. 

Twenty-three  members  of  the  Board  of  Directors  shall  constitute  a 
quorum  for  the  transaction  of  business,  and  the  affirmative  vote  of  at  least 
that  number  shall  be  required  for  the  election  or  change  of  officers,  or 
selection  of  site. 

SEC.  2.  The  President  of  the  Company  shall  have  the  power  to  call 
special  meetings  of  the  Board  of  Directors  whenever  he  deems  it  expedi- 
ent so  to  do;  and  it  shall  be  his  duty  to  call  special  meetings  of  the  Board 
whenever  five  members  shall  request  him  so  to  do,' and  shall  state  the  ob- 
ject of  such  meeting.  The  Secretary  of  the  Company  shall  mail  to  the 
address  of  each  Director  a  notice  of  any  special  meeting,  and  shall  specify 


By -Laws  of  the  World''  s  Columbian  Exposition.       369 

briefly  the  subject  that  will  come  before  said  meeting.  The  business  of  said  By-Laws  of 
meeting  shall  be  confined  to  such  subject.  Board. 

ARTICLE     VI. 

DUTIES    OF    PRESIDENT. 

The  President  shall  preside  over  all  the  meetings  of  the  Board,  and 
shall  appoint  all  committees,  unless  otherwise  directed;  he  shall  be,  ex- 
officio,  a  member  of  all  Standing  Committees,  and  shall  have  all  the  power 
and  authority  incident  to  his  office. 

In  the  absence  of  the  President,  a  Vice-President,  in  his  order,  if 
present,  shall  perform  the  duties  of  President.  In  their  absence  the 
Board  may  appoint  a  chairman  pro  tern. 

ARTICLE     VII. 

DUTIES    OF    SECRETARY. 

The  Secretary  shall  attend  all  meetings  of  the  stockholders  and 
Board  of  Directors,  and  shall  keep  in  a  book  prepared  for  that  purpose  a 
true  and  fair  record  of  all  such  meetings,  and  shall  have  charge  of  all 
books,  documents,  and  papers  which  properly  belong  to  his  office.  He 
shall  attend  the  meetings  of  any  committee  of  the  Board  when  requested, 
and  keep  minutes  of  the  proceedings  thereof.  He  shall  have  the  custody 
of  the  corporate  seal,  and  shall  attach  the  same  to  all  documents  which 
require  sealing.  He  shall  perform  such  other  duties  as  may  be  required 
by  the  Board. 

ARTICLE     VIII. 

DUTIES    OF    TREASURER. 

The  Treasurer  shall  safely  keep  and  account  for  all  moneys,  funds,  or 
other  property  of  the  Company  which  may  come  into  his  hands,  and  shall 
deposit,  in  the  name  of  this  corporation,  all  moneys  in  such  banks,  or 
places  of  deposit,  as  the  Board  of  Directors  may  direct.  Payments  shall  be 
made  upon  vouchers.  Vouchers  shall  be  certified  to  by  the  chairman  or 
acting  chairman  of  the  committee  in  interest.  They  shall  be  approved  by 
the  Director-General  and  Auditor.  No  payment  shall  be  made  except  by 
check.  All  checks  shall  be  countersigned  by  the  Auditor.  The  Treasurer 
shall  give  bonds  for  the  proper  performance  of  his  duties,  in  such  sum, 
and  with  such  sureties,  as  the  Board  of  Directors  may  approve;  he  shall 
keep  an  account  of  all  receipts  and  expenditures,  and  shall  report  at  least 
once  a  month  to  the  Board  the  balance  on  hand  at  such  banks  or  other  de- 
pository; he  shall  also  report  quarterly  to  the  Board,  or  oftener  if  required, 
all  receipts  and  expenditures.  His  books  shall  at  all  times  be  open  to  the 
inspection  of  the  President  or  any  member  of  the  Finance  Committee. 


370  Worlds  Columbian  Commission. 

ARTICLE  IX. 

AUDITOR. 

There  shall  be  elected  an  Auditor,  who  shall  have  charge  of  the 
books  of  account  of  the  Company,  which  shall  be  kept  under  his  super- 
vision and  direction;  he  shall  see  that  all  accounts  are  kept  in  proper 
form,  and  that  the  proper  vouchers  are  returned  for  all  disbursements 
made;  that  the  same  are  distributed  to  their  proper  accounts,  and  after 
such  distribution,  carefully  filed  and  preserved.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of 
the  Auditor  to  know  that  all  bonds  required  of  officers  and  employes  are 
given,  and  he  shall  discharge  all  other  duties  imposed  upon  him  by  the 
Board  of  Directors;  his  books  and  papers  shall  at  all  times  be  open  to 
the  President,  Vice-Presidents,  and  any  Special  Committee  appointed  for 
that  purpose  by  the  Board  of  Directors.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the 
Auditor  to  examine  the  accounts  of  the  Treasurer  at  infrequent  periods, 
at  least  as  often  as  once  each  three  months,  and  make  report  thereof  to 
the  Board  of  Directors. 

ARTICLE  X. 

ORDER  OF   BUSINESS. 

The  order  of  business  at  all  meetings  of  the  Board  of  Directors, 
unless  otherwise  ordered  at  such  meeting,  shall  be  as  follows  : 

1.  Roll  call. 

2.  Reading  minutes  of  last  meeting. 

3.  Considering  of  communications  to  the  Board. 

4.  Reports  of  officers  to  the  Board. 

5.  Reports  of  Special  Committees  in  order. 

6.  Reports  of  Standing  Committees. 

7.  Unfinished  or  postponed  business. 

8.  New  business. 

All  reports  shall  be  made  in  writing,  and  all  motions  and  resolutions, 
if  the  President  so  direct,  shall  also  be  in  writing.  No  member  of  the 
Board  shall  occupy  the  floor  in  debate  more  than  five  minutes,  except  by 
unanimous  consent. 

ARTICLE  XL 

VACANCIES. 

Vacancies  in  the  Board,  or  its  offices,  may  be  filled  by  election  by 
the  Board. 

ARTICLE   XII. 

STANDING    COMMITTEES. 

The  President  and  the  Vice-Presidents  shall  nominate,  and,  with  the 
consent  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  shall  appoint  for  one  year,  and  until 
their  successors  are  appointed,  the  following  Standing  Committees, 


By-Laws  of  the    World?  s   Columbian  Exposition.      371 

which   shall  consist  of  five  members  each,  excepting1  the  Committee  on  By-Laws  of 

'  the  Local 

Grounds  and   Buildings,  which  shall  consist  of  seven  members,  and  a    Board- 
Committee  on  Ways  and  Means  to  consist  of  thirteen  members. 

1.  Committee  on  Finance. 

2.  Committee  on  Grounds  and  Buildings. 

3.  Committee  on  Legislation. 

4.  Committee  on  National  and  State  Exhibits. 

5.  Committee  on  Foreign  Exhibits. 

6.  Committee  on  Press  and  Printing. 

7.  Committee  on  Transportation. 

8.  Committee  on  the  Fine.  Arts. 

9.  Committee  on  Machinery  and  Electrical  Appliances. 
10.  Committee  on  Ways  and  Means. 

The  several  Standing  Committees  shall  have  jurisdiction  of  such  mat- 
ters as  shall  from  time  to  time  be  referred  to  them. 
Each  Committee  shall  elect  its  own  Chairman. 

ARTICLE  XIII. 

EXECUTIVE    COMMITTEE. 

There  shall  be  an  Executive  Committee,  with  a  chairman  of  its  own 
election,  to  consist  of  the  President,  the  two  Vice-Presidents,  and  the 
Chairman  of  each  of  the  Standing  Committees.  Either  of  the  Standing 
Committees  may  appoint  one  of  their  members  to  represent  its  Chair- 
man at  any  meeting  of  the  Executive  Committee,  when  such  Chairman 
is  absent  or  unable  to  attend.  Regular  meetings  of  the  Committee  shall 
be  held  on  such  days,  hours,  and  at  such  place  as  the  Committee  may 
direct,  and  a  majority  of  the  Committee  shall  constitute  a  quorum  for 
the  transaction  of  business.  Special  meetings  may  be  called  by  the 
Chairman,  and  when  called,  written  notice  thereof  shall  be  given  by  the 
Secretary  to  each  member  of  the  Committee.  The  Secretary  shall  keep 
a  record  of  all  its  acts  and  doings,  and  such  records  shall  be  submitted  to 
the  Board  of  Directors  for  its  approval  or  disapproval,  at  its  next  suc- 
ceeding meeting,  and  recorded  as  part  of  the  minutes  of  such  meeting. 
The  Executive  Committee  shall  have  power  to  manage  and  direct  the 
business  and  affairs  of  the  Company  subject  to  the  approval  of  the  Board 
of  Directors. 

ARTICLE  XIV. 

DIRECTOR-GENERAL.        * 

For  the  more  efficient  management  of  the  business  of  the  Company, 
the  Board  of  Directors  shall  elect  a  Director-General,  whose  office  shall 
be  at  the  general  office  of  the  Company  in  the  City  of  Chicago,  and 
whose  duties,  powers,  and  compensation  shall  be  fixed  and  defined  by  the 
Board  of  Directors. 


372  World's   Columbian  Commission. 

ARTICLE  XV. 

PROPOSALS    AND    CONTRACTS. 

BtheaLoScaf  ^  material  and  work  of  construction  or  preparation,  involving  an 
expenditure  of  money  exceeding  two  thousand  dollars  ($2,000),  shall  first 
be  authorized  by  the  Board  of  Directors,  and  sealed  proposals  for  the 
same  shall  be  invited  by  advertisement  three  times  in  at  least  two  of  the 
daily  papers  in  Chicago,  and  be  posted  at  the  office  of  the  Company. 

Proposals  for  said  work  shall  be  addressed  to  the  Board  of  Directors, 
and  opened  at  the  office  of  the  Company,  at  the  hour  designated  in  the 
advertisement,  by  the  Executive  Committee,  in  the  presence  of  such  bid- 
ders as  may  be  in  attendance. 

All  such  proposals  shall  be  referred  to  the  Board  of  Directors  for 
approval  or  rejection. 

All  contracts  shall  be  awarded  to  the  lowest  and  best  bidder  in  the 
judgment  of  the  Board  of  Directors,  who  shall,  however,  have  power  to 
reject  any  or  all  bids. 

Bonds  for  the  performance  of  contracts  shall  be  required  for  at  least 
fifty  per  cent,  of  the  amount  thereof. 

All  contracts  shall  be  written  in  duplicate,  signed  by  the  contractor, 
or  contractors,  the  President  and  Secretary,  and  be  attested  by  the  seal, 
the  substance  thereof  entered  of  record,  and  the  document  filed  with  the 
Auditor. 

Work  and  material  involving  an  expenditure  of  money  less  than  two 
thousand  dollars  ($2,000)  may  be  contracted  for  without  advertising,  by 
the  Director-General,  with  the  approval  of  the  appropriate  committee. 
Informal  bids  for  the  same  shall  be  invited  except  in  cases  of  emergency. 

All  expenditures,  by  contract  or  otherwise,  shall  be  promptly  reported 
to  the  Auditor,  and  all  warrants  on  account  of  payment  thereof  shall  be 
certified  to  by  the  Director-General  and  paid  as  hereinbefore  provided. 

ARTICLE  XVI. 

AMENDMENTS    TO    BY-LAWS. 

Additions  or  amendments  to  these  By-Laws  may  be  made  at  any 
stated  meeting  of  the  Board  next  following  that  when  such  additions  or 
amendments  may  have  been  proposed  in  writing,  but  no  amendments  or 
change  in  the  By-Laws  shall  be  made  except  at  a  meeting  at  which  a 
majority  of  the  Board  shall  be  present,  and  all  the  directors  shall  have 
been  notified  in  writing  by  the  Secretary  of  the  proposed  change  or  addi- 
tion, and  it  shall  require  the  vote  of  two-thirds  of  those  present  to  adopt 
such  amendment, 

'OF  THE 
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